driving sane, safe, and sober!. athletes prepare for competition. leaders prepare for speeches....

DRIVING SANE, SAFE, AND SOBER!

Athletes prepare for competition. Leaders prepare for speeches. Teachers prepare their lessons. Pilots prepare to fly.

Your emotional state affects the way you drive and the way you respond to other drivers.

Your health affects the way you drive also!

Your attitude may be the most important thing of all; in driving and all parts of your life!

Why do you think Idaho has a Zero Tolerance Law for persons under age 21?

Why do some people choose not to use alcohol or other drugs?

DRUGS:DRUGS: To use or not to use? To use or not to use?

YOUR CHOICES AND YOUR CHOICES AND RESPONSIBILITIESRESPONSIBILITIES

List some short-term and long-term rewards.

List some short-term and long-term consequences.

Is alcohol and other drug use short-term or long term reward?

Are consequences of alcohol use short-term or long-term?

Easiest way to avoid the consequences is?

220 lbs 110 lbs

8 oz

0.04 0.08

BAC FACTORSBAC FACTORS

Weight Time Spent Drinking Gender Food Alcohol Content Size of Drink

ARE THEY THE SAMEARE THEY THE SAME?? Beer

Whiskey

Wine

Cooler

Margarita

HOW MUCH LIGHT BEER (MALE)HOW MUCH LIGHT BEER (MALE) Weight BAC Ounces of BAC Ounces of BAC Ounces ofMale Light Beer Light Beer Light Beer

200 0.03 22 oz. 0.05 37 oz. 0.07 52 oz.190 0.03 21 oz. 0.05 34 oz. 0.07 50 oz.180 0.03 20 oz. 0.05 33 oz. 0.07 46 oz.170 0.03 19 oz. 0.05 32 oz. 0.07 44 oz.160 0.03 18 oz. 0.05 30 oz. 0.07 41 oz.150 0.03 17 oz. 0.05 29 oz. 0.07 39 oz.140 0.03 16 oz. 0.05 27 oz. 0.07 37 oz.130 0.03 15 oz. 0.05 25 oz. 0.07 34 oz.120 0.03 14 oz. 0.05 22 oz. 0.07 32 oz.110 0.03 13 oz. 0.05 21 oz. 0.07 29 oz.100 0.03 11 oz. 0.05 20 oz. 0.07 28 oz. 90 0.03 10 oz. 0.05 18 oz. 0.07 26 oz. 80 0.03 8 oz. 0.05 17 oz. 0.07 23 oz. 70 0.03 6 oz. 0.05 15 oz. 0.07 19 oz. 55 0.03 4 oz. 0.05 12 oz. 0.07 17 oz.

Basic Assumption: 12 oz of Light Beer = 1 oz of 86 proof liquor

HOW MUCH LIGHT BEER HOW MUCH LIGHT BEER (FEMALE)(FEMALE) Weight BAC Ounces of BAC Ounces of BAC Ounces ofFemale Light Beer Light Beer Light Beer

255 0.03 22 oz. 0.05 37 oz. 0.07 52 oz.230 0.03 21 oz. 0.05 34 oz. 0.07 50 oz.220 0.03 20 oz. 0.05 33 oz. 0.07 46 oz.210 0.03 19 oz. 0.05 32 oz. 0.07 44 oz.200 0.03 18 oz. 0.05 30 oz. 0.07 41 oz.195 0.03 17 oz. 0.05 29 oz. 0.07 39 oz.180 0.03 16 oz. 0.05 27 oz. 0.07 37 oz.170 0.03 15 oz. 0.05 25 oz. 0.07 34 oz.160 0.03 14 oz. 0.05 22 oz. 0.07 32 oz.150 0.03 13 oz. 0.05 21 oz. 0.07 29 oz.130 0.03 11 oz. 0.05 20 oz. 0.07 28 oz.120 0.03 10 oz. 0.05 18 oz. 0.07 26 oz.110 0.03 8 oz. 0.05 17 oz. 0.07 23 oz. 90 0.03 6 oz. 0.05 15 oz. 0.07 19 oz. 80 0.03 4 oz. 0.05 12 oz. 0.07 17 oz.

Basic Assumption: 12 oz of Light Beer = 1 oz of 86 proof liquor

ELIMINATION OF ALCOHOLELIMINATION OF ALCOHOLPROCESS

TIME FACTORS

BreathUrineSweat} 10% LIVER 90%

About 0.015 BAC Reduction Per Hour

Assumption: Adult male 150-180 lbs. with normal liver function

Therefore: BAC of 0.05 = 3.5 hours for removal

BAC of 0.07 = 5.0 hours for removal



ELIMINATION RATEELIMINATION RATEStops Drinking @ 12:30am

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1

.16=Peak @ 1:00 INTOXICATED LEGALLY (.08) @ 6:00AM

IMPAIRED (.05) @ 9:30AM

ABSORPTION ELIMINATION

HRS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

BAC

ALCOHOL AFFECTS THE BODYALCOHOL AFFECTS THE BODY

Liver

Heart

Sexuality

Sleep

Stomach

Brain

ALCOHOL AFFECTS PEOPLE ALCOHOL AFFECTS PEOPLE DIFFERENTLYDIFFERENTLY

Tolerance

Personality

Mood

Experience

Fatigue

Medication

Weight

Age

PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL USEALCOHOL USE

Attention

Memory

Emotions

Aggression

Tolerance

ALCOHOL AND SPACE MANAGEMENTALCOHOL AND SPACE MANAGEMENT

After drinking, the driver may tend to stare at the center line.

IMPAIRED VISIONIMPAIRED VISION

Side Vision

Color Distinction

(street lights)

Eye Focus

Double Vision

Distance Judgment

RISK-TAKING PROBLEMRISK-TAKING PROBLEM

The impaired brain is unable to make good judgments or smart decisions.

CHANCE OF CHANCE OF DEATHDEATH

for ages 16-19 by BAC levelsfor ages 16-19 by BAC levels

BAC Increased Risk of Death

.015 - .049

.05 - .079

.08 - .099 .10 - .149 .15 and greater

2.5 9 40 90 420

STUDY INCLUDES COMPARISON OF SINGLE VEHICLE COLLISIONS IN AGE GROUP

DRUGS AND DRIVINGDRUGS AND DRIVING

Perception

Judgment

Coordination

Vision

Mood

MARIJUANA AND DRIVINGMARIJUANA AND DRIVING Takes about 300 µg/kg to achieve a high Effects at 300 µg/kg:

Tracking Following Distance Vigilance Divided Attention

OTHER TYPES OF DRUGS AND DRIVINGOTHER TYPES OF DRUGS AND DRIVING Over the Counter MedicationsOver the Counter Medications

• Tranquilizers• Stimulants• Narcotics

Prescription MedicationsPrescription Medications

These can all affect driving

behaviors and

abilities

Driving While “Driving While “FatiguedFatigued””

• *64% of Americans get less than 8 hours of sleep each night.• *30% of Americans get less than 6 hours of sleep each night.• *Drowsiness causes an estimated 100,000 police-reported

crashes in America each year, resulting in 76,000 injuries and 1,500 deaths.

• *Some studies have shown that up to 20% of U.S. crashes are sleep-related; 1 in 5 crashes! If this is true - it’s an epidemic.

• 23% of those in sleep-related crashes reported not feeling tired at all before the crash! You can’t rely on “feeling” tired as your warning.

*AAAfoundation.org

A Body Response

Follows a Period of:

• Extended mental activity

• Extended physical activity

May also be caused by:

• A heavy meal

• A period of time after having too much caffeine (regular use can result in chronic adrenal exhaustion)

• Disruption of the natural sleep cycle

Characterized by:

• Reduced capacity to perform tasks

• Reduced abilities to concentrate

What is FATIGUE?What is FATIGUE?

• Those who are sleep-deprived• Those who drive during high-risk times of day or night• Those who drive during high-risk or high-stress conditions• Those who consume alcohol or use medications or drugs

that interfere with ability to maintain alertness

TIRED VS. DRUNK

Studies show that tired drivers are just as (or more) dangerous than drug or alcohol-impaired drivers on the road!

How many people in this room are:drunk right now? High on drugs? Distracted?

How many of you are tired? It is similar out on our roads. More people are

tired than otherwise impaired or distracted.

Symptoms of FatigueSymptoms of Fatigue Inability to keep fixed attention

Impaired memory

Slower reaction time

Difficulty / slowness in reasoning

Weakness / tired muscles

Strategies for Driving While Strategies for Driving While FatiguedFatigued

Avoid long drives

Avoid leaning forward

Keep your eyes moving

Let in fresh air

Change drivers regularly

Adjust in-car temperature (not too hot or cold)

Drink some caffeine

Take breaks to get out and stretch

Drowsy driving is dangerous to yourself and others on the road.

Drowsy driving is similar to driving drunk or drugged.

Drowsy driving must become as socially unacceptable as drunk driving.

Support one another by promoting a good night’s sleep before a long drive, sharing driving duties if allowed, and being a good passenger and keeping the driver aware and awake.

Aggressive DrivingAggressive Driving

Speeding

Running signs or lights

Tailgating

Weaving in and out of traffic

Failing to yield the right of way

Cutting off other drivers

Yelling or honking your horn at other drivers

Road RageRoad Rage

When aggressive driving becomes violent it is road rage

• Pursuing another vehicle in a chase• Leaving your car to confront another driver• Intentionally bumping or ramming another car.• Physically assaulting another driver• Using a car as a weapon• Displaying a weapon• Firing a gun or using another weapon

Road Rage!

Formula for Road RageFormula for Road Rage

+More Cars

Less SpaceMore Driver Interactions

Increased cultural disrespect and

selfishness

=

Self-Imposed AnxietiesSelf-Imposed Anxieties

“I’m going to be late if I don’t hurry up.”

“Why are these cars going so slow?”

“We’ll never make it.”

“If only I had gone a little faster, I

could’ve made it.”

“Oh no! Red light!”

Anger Containment TechniquesAnger Containment Techniques

Don’t respond

Don’t engage

Don’t up the ante

Swallow your pride

Choose the road

“less traveled”

What is there to

prove, really?

DEALING WITH ANGER DEALING WITH ANGER

How will you respond?

Reducing Driver Distractions

Photo courtesy of the AAA Foundation

DRIVER DISTRACTIONS

Each year, more than 40,000 people are killed in motor vehicle crashes and over three million are injured!

Research indicates that driver distraction is a contributing factor in more than 25% of all crashes

Source: AAA Foundation Research

8.6%

25.6%

0.9%

1.5%

1.7%

2.8%

2.9%

4.3%

10.9%

11.4%

29.4%

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

Unknown Distraction

Other Distractions

Smoking

Cell Phones

Eating, Drinking

Vehicle Controls

Other Objects in Car

Moving Objects in Car

Other Occupants

Adjusting Radio, CD, etc.

Things Outside the Car

DRIVER DISTRACTIONS- OUTSIDE THE VEHICLE

Bright vehicle lights Billboards and signs Driver being chased by police Officer directing traffic Animal in roadway (deer, dog,

elk, etc. )


DRIVER DISTRACTIONS- OUTSIDE THE VEHICLE

Sunrise, sunset People in roadway (child, basketball game, crowd, etc) Objects in the roadway (broken glass, garbage can, etc.

holes) Crash scene

Photo courtesy of the AAA FoundationPhoto courtesy of the AAA Foundation

DRIVER DISTRACTIONS- INSIDE THE VEHICLE

Eating or drinking Other occupants in the

vehicle Moving object in

vehicle All actions involved

with smoking can be a distraction



DRIVER DISTRACTIONS- INSIDE THE VEHICLE

Dialing, talking, texting or looking up information on a cell phone

Adjusting radio, cassette, or CD Using device/object in the vehicle Using vehicle devices or controls Picking up a dropped object


PROBLEMS WITH DRIVER DISTRACTIONS ARE NOT NEW

Some of the “old” distractions that continue to cause problems are children and babies, cigarettes, drinks, radios and audio players, and insects or bugs that find their way into the vehicle.


PROBLEMS WITH DRIVER DISTRACTIONS ARE NOT NEW

Newer” distractions include GPS navigation systems, digital music, On-Star roadside assistance, and cell phones.


NEW ISSUE OR OLD ISSUE?NEW ISSUE OR OLD ISSUE?

Driver Distractions from 1913-2010

19831913 201019541930

Windshield Wipers

Radios Drive-UpWindows

Mobile Phones

Email,Internet, texting,

etc.

2000

MP3 and DVD players

DRIVER AGE GROUPS DISTRACTIONS

Drivers under age 20 are more likely than older drivers to be identified as distracted at the time of their crash.

20-29 year-olds use a cell phone frequently.

30-49 year-olds eat and drink more often in the car.

50 plus drivers are more distracted by outside objects and events.

Photos courtesy of the AAA Foundation

WHEN DISTRACTIONS LEAD TO COLLISIONS

Distractions and inattention cause 68% of rear-end crashes.

Other typical crashes include backing up, making lane changes, and merging. Photo courtesy of the AAA Foundation

HIGH RISK DRIVING DISTRACTIONS

Reading and writing. Manipulating vehicle controls for

extended periods of time. Focusing on an external

distraction. Having emotionally charged

discussion with passengers. Reaching for objects inside the

vehicle. Dialing a cell phone. Carrying on a cell phone

conversation. Performing grooming activities

when the vehicle is moving. Texting

WHEN DISTRACTIONS LEAD TO COLLISIONS

High-risk drivers tend to have higher levels of no hands on the steering wheel, their eyes are directed inside rather than outside the vehicle, and their vehicles wander in the travel lane or cross into another travel lane.


DISTRACTIONS ARE AFFECTING DRIVER LAWS

Many states are passing, or looking into passing, laws regarding driver distractions.

DISTRACTIONS ARE AFFECTING DRIVER LAWS

Much of this attention stems from the enormous increase in cell phone use by drivers and the prospect of similar growth in other in-vehicle technologies.


NEW VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY ─ HELPFUL OR HARMFUL?

Drivers must use new technology responsibly while driving.

Electronic devices can enhance safety in many ways.

When stuck in traffic, using a mobile phone to say you'll be late can reduce stress and make drivers less inclined to drive aggressively.

Any activity that takes your attention from the road makes the driving task more dangerous!


NEW VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY- HELPFUL OR HARMFUL?

Vehicle navigation systems help drivers locate addresses and guide them to their destination.

Wireless Internet and messaging are becoming the norm on my phones and in many new vehicles.

In-vehicle DVD movie players are popular for passengers to pass time when going on a lengthy trip.

Are movies a distraction for drivers?


CONSEQUENCES OF DISTRACTED DRIVING Distracted driving is one of the leading

causes of collisions. It forces drivers to make sudden decisions. Drivers can easily be involved in a collision.


CONSEQUENCES OF DISTRACTED DRIVING

Each year, more than 40,000 people are killed in motor vehicle crashes and over three million are injured.

Distracted driving contributes to over 1,500,000 collisions each year.

That’s 4,300 collisions each day 179 Collisions every hour.

DIVIDED ATTENTION TASKS

Divided attention can lead to missed brake lights, missed traffic sign or signal, missed animal or pedestrian, or a drift out of the lane position.


DIVIDED ATTENTION TASKSA driver can learn to operate

the vehicle with simple eye, hand, and feet coordination.

However, the driving task is a mental process that needs constant attention to the path of travel in order to keep the vehicle within the lane space and adjust to any restrictions in the path of travel.


DIVIDED ATTENTION TASKS It is important to recognize that taking

attention from the path of travel means the vehicle is moving on the roadway without the driver seeing where the vehicle is going or mentally processing any new information.

Source: Unknown

DIVIDED ATTENTION TASKS

It is critical never to look away from the path of travel for more than ½ second at a time without moving visual and mental attention back to the path of travel.


LEARNING HOW TO HANDLE DISTRACTIONS

Learning to drive involves learning how to develop divided attention to different tasks.

Know how to operate the vehicle controls.

Be able to keep the vehicle on the road. Be able to keep the vehicle in the lane. Be able to place the vehicle in different

lane positions. Be able to avoid risk.


CELL PHONE STRATEGIES A "hands-free" apparatus may be helpful, but

they can't prevent drivers from becoming involved in a conversation and losing concentration.

If you must use a cell phone, especially to text, safely pull over to the side of the road.

If drivers must respond to an emergency while driving, use speed dial features and a hands-free kit.

Alert the caller that you are on the road.Keep calls as brief as possible .

IDAHO’S TEXTING AND DRIVING LAW

Starting July 1, 2012, no driver in the state of Idaho can text while driving.

BUT WHAT IS “TEXTING?”

The definition of texting is: “reviewing, manually preparing, or transmitting written communication by a handheld wireless device.”

WHAT ABOUT….?

Calling someone? Dialing a number or answering a call is fine. Scrolling through an address book is not.

Hands-free or voice activated? Both are fine!

Using a GPS device or GPS app? No, it is “reviewing written communication.” Do all mapping and trip planning before driving

or when stopped.

OR…?

Just reading a text message? Definitely not legal or safe. No.

Facebook posts or messages? No. They are as dangerous as text messages.

Looking up the time a movie starts? No. That is reviewing written communication.

Activating or deactivating a phone feature or function? Yes. This is legal.

So a cell phone can pretty much only be used as a phone while driving?

EVEN BETTER…

CHILDREN AND DRIVING

Make sure children are comfortable and properly buckled up.

To keep children from distracting the driver, provide them with safe items they may need for the road trip.

FOOD AND DRIVING

Give yourself a break from the traffic and enjoy your refreshments outside the car.

Someone choking on food or spilling liquid in the vehicle can take the driver’s attention off the road.


OTHER STRATEGIES FOR REDUCING RISK

Avoid reading while driving. Finish grooming before driving. Don't rely on the time in your vehicle to

take care of personal routine such as applying make-up, combing hair or shaving.


CONCLUSION

As a new driver, keep 100 percent of your attention on driving until you get better at doing multiple things at once in the car.


driving sane, safe, and sober!. athletes prepare for competition. leaders prepare for speeches....

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