drr toolkit nepali
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
Working Together… for a Risk Resilient Nepal
Design, layout & production by PowerComm, 5552987
This DRR Tool Kit for Constituent Assembly members is produced jointly by the following organizations,
with funding support of European Commission Humanitarian Aid department
(through DIPECHO V partners ActionAid with AusAID co-finance, Care Nepal, Handicap International,
Mercy Corps, Practical Action and UNDP BCPR South and South West Asia), Oxfam GB,
United Nations Development Program Nepal and Association of International NGOs, Nepal.
k|sf]k hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f;DaGwL ;Gbe{ ;fdfu|L o'/f]lkog sldzg x\o'Doflg6]l/og P8 l8kf6{d]G6sf] cfly{s ;xof]udf l8k]sf] kfrf}+sf ;fem]bf/ ;+:yfx? -PS;gP8 ;xnufgL c;P8, s]o/ g]kfn, x\ofG8LSofk OG6/g]zgn, dl;{sf]/, k|fS6Lsn PS;g / o'Pgl8lk—lal;lkcf/_ cS;kmfd hLaL, ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo ljsf; sfo{qmd / cGt/f{li6«o u};; ;+3, g]kfnn] ;+o'Qm ?kdf ;+ljwfg ;ef ;b:ox?sf] lglDt tof/ ul/Psf] xf] .
AN INFORMATION PACK FORCONSTITUENT ASSEMBLYMEMBERS OF NEPAL
Reduction
DisasterRisk
Toolkit
ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f
;Gbe{ ;fdfu|Lg]kfnsf ;+ljwfg ;ef;b\x?sf nflu hfgsf/Ld"ns ;Gbe{ ;fdfu|L
o'/f]lkog sldzg x\o'd]lg6]l/og P8 l8kf6{d]G6
o'/f]lkog sldzg x\o'd]lg6]l/og P8 l8kf6{d]G6 sldzg/ n'O{; dfO{s]nsf] k|ToIf pQ/bfloTjdf /x]sf] 5 . ;g\ !((@ b]lv pQm sldzgn] o'/f]k eGbf aflx/sf b]zx¿df x'g] k|fs[lts tyf dfgjhGo ljkb\x¿af6 kLl8t nfvf}++ dflg;x¿nfO{ dfgjLo ;xfotf k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .
o'/f]lkog sldzgn] k|efljt hgtfnfO{ pgLx¿sf] j0f{, hftLo ;d"x, wd{, lnË, pd]/, /fli6«otf jf /fhgLlts cfj4tf h]–h:tf] ePklg lgikIf tl/sfn] ;xof]u pknAw u/fpFb5 . dfgjLo ;xfotfsf If]qdf sldzgn] ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf ljlzli6s[t lgsfo, /]8qm; tyf /]8 lqm;]G6 cfGbf]ng / u};;nufotsf b'O{;oeGbf a9L ;+:yf jf ;fem]bf/x¿;Fu sfo{ ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 . o'/f]lkog sldzg dfgjLo ;xfotfsf If]qdf ljZjs} ;a}eGbf 7"nf] ;|f]tdWo]sf] Ps xf] . ;g\ @))& df o;n] dfgjLo ;xfotfsf nflu &^* ldlnog o'/f] /sd pknAw u/fPsf] lyof] . o;df o'/f]lkog o'lgogsf @% j6f ;b:o–/fi6«n] cnUu} k|bfg ug]{ ;xof]u /sd ;dfj]z ul/Psf] 5}g . pknAw u/fPsf] /sd vfBfGg, sk8f, cfjf;, cf}iflw, kfgL cfk"lt{, ;/;kmfO{, cfkTsfnLg dd{t;Def/ / af?bL ;'?Ë x6fpg] h:tf sfo{x¿df vr{ x'G5 .
sldzgn] k|fs[lts ljkb\sf] pRr ;Defjgf ePsf If]qx¿df ljkb\ k"j{tof/L / Iflt Go"gLs/0f;DaGwL cfof]hgfx¿df klg nufgL ub{5 . k|sf]k k"j{tof/L;DaGwL ljefu -l8k]sf]_ dftxtdf /x]sf] o'/f]lkog sldzg x\o'd]lg6]l/og P8 l8kf6{d]G6n] g]kfn nufot blIf0f Plzof If]qdf ljkb\ k"j{tof/L;DaGwL w]/} sfo{x¿ ;~rfng ub}{ cfO/]sf] 5 .
European Commission Humanitarian Aid department
The European CommissionÊs Humanitarian Aid department is under the direct responsibility of Commissioner Louis Michel. Since 1992, the Commission has funded relief to millions of victims of natural and man-made disasters outside the European Union.
Aid is channelled impartially to the affected populations, regardless of their race, ethnic group, religion, gender, age, nationality or political affiliation. In the area of humanitarian aid, the Commission works with 200 operational partners, including specialised United Nation agencies, the Red Cross/Crescent movement and non-governmental organisations (NGOs). The European Commission is one of the biggest sources of humanitarian aid in the world. In 2007, it provided over 768 million Euros for humanitarian projects. This does not include the aid given separately by the EUÊs 25 Member States. Support went to projects in (number) countries. The funds are spent on goods and services such as food, clothing, shelter, medical provisions, water supplies, sanitation, emergency repairs and mine-clearing.
The Commission also funds disaster preparedness and mitigation projects in regions prone to natural catastrophes. Under department of Disaster Preparedness (DIPECHO), the European CommissionÊs Humanitarian Aid department has been supporting a number of disaster preparedness initiatives in South Asia, including Nepal.
For more information, please visit official website of European Commission at www.ec.europa.eu
g]kfn ljZjsf !(* d'n'sdWo] e"sDkLo / kfgLhGo ljkb\sf] hf]lvdsf b[li6n] qmdzM !!cf}F / #)cf}F :yfgdf /x]sf] 5 (UN/BCPR, 2004) .
e"sDk, af9L, klx/f], cfunfuL, dxfdf/L, v8]/L, ef]sd/L Pj+ hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf sf/0f pTkGg x'g] ljkb\sf 36gfx¿af6 g]kfn cToGt} ;ª\s6f;Gg cj:yfdf /x]sf] 5 .
g]kfndf lxdtfn ljikmf]6gsf] af9L (GLOF), lxdklx/f], cf}Bf]lus tyf oftfoft b'3{6gf, jftfj/0fLo / ljiffn' kbfy{ jf ljiffbL;Fu ;DalGwt 36gfaf6 klg ljkb\ hf]lvdnfO{ a9fjf lbO/x]sf] 5 .
cGt/f{li6«o PsLs[t kj{tLo cg';Gwfg tyf ljsf; s]Gb|n] u/]sf] cWoog cg';f/ g]kfndf /x]sf @,#@# lxdtfndWo] @@ j6f ljikmf]6 x'g] vt/fdf /x]sf 5g\ .
kfgLhGo ljkb\sf] hf]lvd d'n's
e'sDkLo hf]lvd d'n's!!cf}+
cf}+#)
g]kfndf ljkb\sf] cj:yf
ljkb\sf] eofjx cj:yfdf
/x]sf xfdL g]kfnLn]
hf]lvdd'Qm g]kfnsf] ljsf;
ub}{ ;'/lIft ?kdf afFRg
kfpg] clwsf/sf] ;'lglZrttf
tkm{ cu|;/ x'g' h?/L 5 .“JolQmsf]
emf8fkvfnfaf6 d[To'
JolQm k|ToIf k|efljt
#$^
^@,)!^
g]kfn
df ljkb
\sf]
cj:y
f
a9L JolQmsf] x/]s jif{ ljkb\df k/L d[To'
?k}ofF a/fa/sf] cfly{s Iflt
!)))
!,@),*),)),)))
kfgLhGo
cf}}+cc
Photo: ECO Nepal
kl5Nnf] ;dodf emf8fkvfnfh:tf] /f]un] dxfdf/Lsf] ¿k g} lnPsf] 5 . g]kfn ;/sf/ Olkl8ldof]nf]hL /f]u lgoGq0f dxfzfvfsf] tYofª\scg';f/ emf8fkvfnfaf6 ;'b"/ / dWo klZrdsf @) lhNnfdf @)^^ ebf} !% ;Dddf #$^ hgfsf] d[To' ePsf] lyof] eg] ^@,)!^ JolQm k|ToIf k|efljt ePsf lyP .
o;}u/L a8{ˆn' / :jfOgˆn'h:tf gofF k|s[ltsf ljZjJofkL dxfdf/L klg ;d'bfo:t/df ;d]t b]lvg yfn]sf 5g\ .
g]kfn ;/sf/ u[x dGqfnosf] tYofª\scg';f/ x/]s jif{ ljkb\df k/L g]kfndf !))) a9L dflg;sf] d[To' x'g] u/]sf] 5 . l8:OGe]G6f/sf] tYofª\scg';f/ g]kfnn] x/]s lbg ;fnfvfnf Pp6f ljkb\hGo 36gfsf] ;fdgf ug'{ kl//x]sf] 5 eg] k|ltlbg b'O{eGbf a9L JolQmsf] d[To' eO/x]sf] 5 .
;g\ !(&! b]lv @))& ;Dd #& jif{sf] cjlwdf ljkb\sf 36gfaf6 jflif{s sl/a !,##,))) dflg; k|efljt x'g] u/]sf] / jflif{s (,#%) 3/ Ifltu|:t x'g] u/]sf] u[x dGqfnosf] tYofª\s 5 .
g]kfn ;/sf/ u[x dGqfnosf] tYofª\scg';f/ d'n'sn] ljkb\sf sf/0f jflif{s cf};t ! ca{ @) s/f]8 *) nfv ¿k}ofF a/fa/sf] cfly{s Iflt Joxf]l//x]sf] 5 .
hd{gjfr gfds ;+:yfn] ;g\ @))^ df ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] Ps k|ltj]bg cg';f/ hnjfo' kl/jt{gaf6 pTkGg hf]lvdsf b[li6n] g]kfn ljZjd} 5}6f}F :yfgdf /x]sf] 5 .
g]kfnsf] cf}ift tfkqmd j[l4b/ ljZjsf] cf};t tfkqmd j[l4b/eGbf a9L /x]sf] 5 . tfkqmd j[l4sf] ult oxL cg'kftdf /xg] xf] eg] g]kfnsf sl/a tLgxhf/ lxdgbLdWo] tLgrf}yfO{ lxdgbL cfufdL ;g\ @)#) ;Dddf ;'Sg ;Sg] cg'dfg lj1x¿n] u/]sf 5g\ .
g]kfnsf] ;Dk"0f{ e"efu ;lqmo e"sDkLo If]qleq k5{ . sl/a !)) jif{sf] cjlwdf g]kfndf 7"nf] e"sDk hfg] u/]sf] cWoogn] b]vfPsf] 5 . TolQdfq xf]Og, lj1x¿sf cg';f/ e"sDkaf6 x'g] dfgjLo Ifltsf b[li6n] sf7df8f}F pkTosf ljZjsf ;x/x¿dWo] klxnf] hf]lvdk"0f{ ;x/ /x]sf] 5 .
g]kfn ;/sf/ u[x dGqfno / hfOsfn] ;g\ @))@ df u/]sf] ;+o'Qm cWoogk|ltj]bgn] g]kfndf !(() ;fnsf] df3 dlxgfdf uPsf] *=$ l/S6/:s]n Ifdtf a/fa/sf] e"sDk uPdf sf7df8f}+ pkTosfdf dfq $),))) dflg;sf] d[To' x'g] (%,))) dflg; 3fOt] x'g] / ^) k|ltzteGbf a9L 3/x¿ Wj:t x'g] ;Defjgf /x]sf] 5 .
kl5Nnf] ;dodf ljkb\sf] cfj[lQ / Ifltsf] of] qmd / dfqfdf lg/Gt/ j[l4 x'Fb} uO/x]sf] 5 .
g]kfnsf] ;Dk"0f{ e"efu
;lqmo e"sDkLo
If]qleq k5{ . e"sDkaf6
x'g] dfgjLo Ifltsf
b[li6n] sf7df8f}F pkTosf
ljZjsf ;x/x?dWo]
klxnf] hf]lvdk"0f{ ;x/
/x]sf] 5 .
“Photo: Co Action Nepal
Photo: ISET-N
” g]kfndf ljkb\sf] ;fdgf ug{ ;Sg] Ifdtfsf] ljsf; plrt 9ª\uaf6 x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . ljBdfg sfg'gL Joj:yfcg';f/ ljkb\ Joj:yfkgsf k|d'v If]qx¿ k"j{tof/L, k|ltsfo{ / k'gM:yfkgdWo] k|ltsfo{nfO{ dfq k|fyldstfdf /flvPsf] 5 .
ljleGg cWoog tyf k|of]uaf6 ljkb\ k"j{tof/Lsf lqmofsnfkn] sl/a () k|ltzt dfgjLo
Iflt Go"g ug{ ;lsg] b]lvPsf] 5 . -pbfx/0fsf] ?kdf ;g\ !(&)
df cfPsf] ;fd'lb|s cfFwLdf k/]/
% nfv aª\unfb]zL gful/ssf]
Hofg uPsf] lyof] eg]
aª\unfb]z ;/sf/n] ljkb\
ljBdfg sfg'gL Joj:yfdf ;'wf/sf] cfjZostf
ljkb\ hf]lvd
/fli6«o /0fgLlt, @)^^
n] lgwf{/0f u/]sf sfo{qmdsf]
k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogsf] nflu ;+:yfut
;+/rgfsf] :yfkgf ug{ ;f]xL cg'?ksf] ljkb\
Joj:yfkg P]g aGg' cfjZos 5 .
Joj:yfkgsf] If]qdf u/]sf] k"j{tof/LkZrft\ ;g\
@))& sf] gf]e]Da/df cfPsf] ;g\ !(&) s}
Ifdtfsf] ;fd'lb|s cfFwLdf k/]/ dfq
$ xhf/ dflg;sf] Hofg uPsf] lyof] ._ To;}n] ljkb\ k"j{tof/LnfO{ ;+:yfut ¿k lbP/ Iflt sd ug]{ pkfosf nflu sfg'gL Joj:yf x'g' cfjZos 5 .
b}jL k|sf]k -p4f/_ P]g, @)#( nfO{ b'O{ k6s ;+zf]wg ul/Psf] eP tfklg o;n] ljkb\ Joj:yfkg k|lqmofnfO{ k"0f{ ¿kdf ;d]6\g ;s]sf] 5}g . To;}n] ljkb\ Joj:yfkgnfO{ ;/sf/L bfloTj / sfo{If]qdf /fvL ljkb\ k"j{, ljkb\sf] ;dodf / ljkb\ kZrft\ug'{kg]{ Joj:yfkgsf] sfo{nfO{ ;xh agfpg] u/L] sfg'gL Joj:yf x'g' cfjZos 5 .
ljkb\ k"j{tof/Lsf
lqmofsnfkn] sl/a
() k|ltzt dfgjLo
Iflt Go"g
ug{ ;lsg]
ljBd
fg s
fg'g
L Joj:y
fdf
;'w
f/sf] c
fjZos
tf
Photo: ECO Nepal
cGt/f{li6«o dfgjLo dfkb08 / dfgjclwsf/sf] dfGotfcg'¿k hLljsf]kfh{g;lxt ;'/lIft hLjg latfpg kfpg' x/]s gful/ssf] g};lu{s clwsf/ xf] . oyfy{df ljkb\ k|efljt ;d'bfosf] clwsf/sf] /Iffsf] k|Tofe"lt ug]{ sfg'gL Joj:yf u/L ljkb\ Joj:yfkg;Fu ;DalGwt lg0f{o / sfof{Gjogdf pgLx¿sf] ;dfg ;xeflutfsf] ;'lglZrttf ug'{ /fHosf] bfloTj xf] .
ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿nfO{ ;dfhsf ;j} kIfx¿df ;dfj]z ug]{ / lghL tyf ;fj{hlgs hLjgdf ;xefuL x'g] cj;/x¿sf] ;'lglZrttf /fHon] ug'{kb{5 . To;sf/0f, ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f / ljkb\ Joj:yfkgsf x/]s sfo{x¿df ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] ;dfj]zLs/0f Pp6f cË aGg' kb{5 .
ljsf;–lgdf{0fsf of]hgf ;~rfng ubf{ jftfj/0f k|efj d"Nofª\sgs} qmddf ljkb\ k|efj d"Nofª\sg ug'{ kg]{ afWosf/L sfg'gL Joj:yf h?/L 5 .
hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf] nflu k"j{tof/LnfO{ ;+:yfut ug]{, cNkLs/0fsf sfo{nfO{ ;Fu}
cl3 a9fpg], ljkb\ Joj:yfkgsf k|To]s r/0fsf sfo{ tbf?stfsf ;fy ;~rfng u/L kLl8tsf] ;'/lIft eljiosf] k|Tofe"lt ug]{ / gful/ssf] hLpwgsf] /Iff ub}{ ljkb\af6 x'g]
;du| IfltnfO{ pNn]Vo ¿kdf sd ug{sf nflu of]hgfa4 / ;+:yfut ;+/rgfsf] Joj:yf sfg'gåf/f g} ug'{ cfjZos 5, h'g g]kfndf x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .
ljkb\;DaGwL g]kfnsf k|d'v ;jfn / ;'wf/ ug'{kg]{ If]qx¿ lgDgcg';f/ b]lvPsf 5g\ M ljkb\sf] ;dodf dfq ckgfOg] /fxtd'vL
b[li6sf]0fdf ;'wf/, ;dfhdf JofKt /x]sf] ljkb\;DaGwL cNk1fgsf]
lgjf/0f, ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] ;xeflutf ;lxt
n}lËs tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0fnfO{ hf]8 lbg'kg]{,
ljkb\ Joj:yfkgsf k|To]s r/0fdf k|efjsf/L ;dGjo / ;fd'bflos ;xeflutf,
ljsf;df ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f d"nk|jfxLs/0fsf dfWodaf6 ljsf; / ljkb\sf] ;DaGw hf]8\g] gLltut Joj:yf,
k|efjsf/L ;+:yfut ;+/rgfsf] :yfkgf, s]Gb|b]lv ufpF:t/;Dd sfof{Gjog of]Uo ljkb\
Joj:yfkg of]hgf, ljkb\ Joj:yfkgsf nflu ah]6sf] Joj:yf / ljkb\
Joj:yfkg sf]ifsf] :yfkgf, /fhgLlts r]tgf / k|lta4tf .
ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkgsf] nflu Xof]uf] sfo{ ;+/rgf–@))% nfO{ ljZjn] ;femf dfu{bzgsf] ¿kdf :jLsf/ u/]sf] 5 . To;}sf] cfwf/df ;/sf/n] …ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg /fli6«o /0fgLlt, @)^^Ú :jLs[t u/]sf] 5 . o; /0fgLltsf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogsf nflu cem} klg pko'Qm lsl;dsf] /fli6«o P]g nfu" x'g' cfjZos 5 .
dfgjclwsf/sf]
dfGotfcg'?k
hLljsf]kfh{g;lxt
;'/lIft hLjg
latfpg kfpg' x/]s
gful/ssf] g};lu{s
clwsf/ xf] .
ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx?sf] clwsf/ ;DjGwL ;+o'Qm /fi6|;+3Lo dxf;lGwnfO{
g]kfn ;/sf/n] @))( df cg'df]bg u/]sf] 5 . vf;u/L bkmf !! n] kIf
/fi6«x?n] ;z:q åGb, dfgjLo ;ª\s6 tyf k|fs[lts k|sf]kx? ePsf] cj:yf Nfufot hf]lvdsf cGo cj:yfx?df ckfËtf ePsf JolQmx?sf] ;+/If0f /
;'/Iff ;'lglZrt ug{ cfjZoskg]{ ;Dk"0f{ pkfox? cjnDag
ug{'kg]{ /fHosf] bfloTjnfO{pNn]v u/]sf] 5 .
Photo: ECO Nepal
ljkb\ k"j{tof/L, k|ltsfo{ / k'gM:yfkg tyf o;;Fu ;DalGwt sfo{nfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ ;a} ;/f]sf/jfnfsf] k|ltlglwTj /xg] Joj:yfnfO{ ;+:yfut ug]{ k|of; k|:tfljt P]gn] u/]sf] 5 .
k|sf]ksf 36gfaf6 pTkGg ljkb\sf] ;dofg's"n Joj:yfkg u/L dflg;sf] hLjg /Iff ub}{ JolQmut tyf ;fj{hlgs ;DklQsf] ;'/Iffsf] k|Tofe"lt lbg d:of}bf P]gn] k|fyldstf k|bfg u/]sf] 5 .
k|:tfljt P]gn] b}jL k|sf]k -p4f/_ P]g, @)#( nfO{ k|lt:yfkg u/L æljkb\ Joj:yfkg P]g, @)^^Æ sf] kl/sNkgf u/]sf] 5 . k|:tfljt P]gsf d'Vo ljz]iftf b]xfo adf]lhd 5g\ M
s_ o; P]gn] ljkb\nfO{ k|fs[lts ljkb\ / u}/k|fs[lts ljkb\ (Natural and Human induced disaster) sf] ¿kdf JofVof u/]/ o;sf] kl/efiffnfO{ ;do;fk]If / ;j{dfGo agfpg] k|of;u/]sf] 5 .
v_ k|:tfljt P]gdf k|wfgdGqLsf] cWoIftfdf /fli6«o ljkb\ Joj:yfkg kl/ifb\ (National Council for Disaster Management-
NCDM) sf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . ;fy} kl/ifb\sf] u7g÷sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ :ki6 ¿kdf pNn]v ePsf] 5 .
u_ /fli6«o ljkb\ Joj:yfkg kl/ifb\sf] dftxtdf /0fgLltx¿sf] sfof{Gjog, ;xhLs/0f, ;dGjo tyf cg'udg ug{]
s]Gb|Lo lgsfo (National Focal Point) sf] ¿kdf /fli6«o ljkb\ Joj:yfkg k|flws/0f (National Disasster
Management Authority- NDMA) :yfkgf ug]{ / of] kl/ifb\sf] ;lrjfno;d]t /xg] Joj:yf 5 .
“d'n'ssf] ;du| ljsf;df
;3fp k'¥ofpg] ljkb\ hf]lvd
/fli6«o /0fgLltsf] sfof{Gjog
ug{ / cfd gful/ssf]
;'/lIft afFRg kfpg]
clwsf/sf] ;+/If0fsf] nflu
ljkb\ Joj:yfkg P]g
;+;b\af6 oyfzL3| :jLs[t x'g'
h?/L 5 .
k|:tfljt ljkb\ Joj:yfkg P]g, @)^^ / o;sf ljz]iftf
k|:tfljt
ljkb\ Jo
j:yfkg
P]g
, @)^^ / o;
sf ljz
]iftf
Photo: ECO Nepal
”;ldlt / ef}lts of]hgf tyf lgdf{0f dGqL]sf] ;+of]hsTjdf k'gM:yfkgf tyf k'glg{df{0f ;ldlt u7g x'g] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . To:t} lhNnf / :yfgLo tx;Dd klg o:tf ;ldltx¿sf] u7g x'g] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 .
d:of}bfsf] ¿kdf tof/ ePsf] ljkb\ Joj:yfkg P]g em08} # jif{sf] cjlw ljlt;Sbf klg ;+;b\;dIf k]z eP/ :jLs[t x'g g;Sg' ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLsf nflu b'ef{Uok"0f{ g} dfGg' k5{ . ljkb\sf k|To]s kIfnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug]{ P]gsf] cefjdf ;/sf/ hgtfsf] hLpwg tyf JolQmut Pj+ ;fj{hlgs ;DklQsf] ;'/Iff ug{] bfloTj k"/f ug{af6 6f9f ePsf] 5 eg] hgtfn] dof{bfk"j{s hf]lvdd'Qm jftfj/0fdf afFRg kfpg] clwsf/sf] pkef]u ug{ kfPsf 5}gg\ .
d'n'ssf] ;du| ljsf;df ;3fp k'¥ofpg] ljkb\ hf]lvd /fli6«o /0fgLltsf] sfof{Gjog ug{ / cfd gful/ssf] ;'/lIft afFRg kfpg] clwsf/sf] ;+/If0fsf] nflu ljkb\ Joj:yfkg P]g ;+;b\af6 oyfzL3| :jLs[t x'g' h?/L 5 .
3_ o:t} g]kfnL ;]gf, g]kfn k|x/L, ;z:q k|x/L annufotsf ;'/Iff lgsfo, ;ª\3;+:yf, snsf/vfgf tyf lghL If]qsf] ;d]t sfd–st{Jo / clwsf/ :ki6 ¿kdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
ª_ ;a} k|sf/sf ljkb\sf] ;DefJo If]qsf] k|sf]k gS;f (Hazard Map) tof/ ug]{ Joj:yf ;d]t /x]sf] 5 .
r_ ljkb\ Joj:yfkgsf tLgj6f r/0f -k"j{tof/L, k|ltsfo{ / k'gM:yfkg_ df ul/g] k|d'v sfo{x¿ :ki6 ¿kdf tf]lsPsf] 5 .
5_ k|:tfljt P]gn] ljkb\sf tLgj6} r/0fdf ul/g] sfo{x¿sf] sfof{Gjogsf nflu s]Gb|Lo :t/df :yfgLo ljsf; dGqL]sf] ;+of]hsTjdf k"j{tof/L Joj:yfkg ;ldlt, u[xdGqLsf] ;+of]hsTjdf p4f/ tyf /fxt Joj:yfkg
k|:tfljt P]gn]
b}jL k|sf]k -p4f/_
P]g, @)#( nfO{
k|lt:yfkg u/L
æljkb\ Joj:yfkg
P]g, @)^^Æ sf]
kl/sNkgf u/]sf]
5 .
“d:of}bfsf] ?kdf tof/
ePsf] ljkb\ Joj:yfkg
P]g em08} # jif{sf]
cjlw ljlt;Sbf klg
;+;b\;dIf k]z eP/
:jLs[t x'g g;Sg'
;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLsf nflu
b'ef{Uok"0f{ g} dfGg' k5{ .
Photo: UNDP-BPCR
ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkgsf] ljZjJofkL ;femf cjwf/0ffkq Xof]uf]
sfo{ ;+/rgf tyf cGt/f{li6«o dfkb08sf] ;d]t cWoogsf] cfwf/df
;/sf/n] @)^^ ;fn c;f]h @% ut] …ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg /fli6«o
/0fgLlt, @)^^Ú nfO{ :jLs[t u/]sf] 5 .
:jLs[t /0fgLltn] b]ze/ ;~rfng ul/g] ljsf; lgdf{0f sfo{df
ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f ug{ dfu{bz{g k|bfg ug{]] cGtlg{lxt p2]Zo
/fv]sf] 5 .
:jLs[t /0fgLltdf g]kfndf k|sf]ksf] cj:yf / To;af6 pTkGg x'g]
ljkb\ / To;sf] hf]lvdaf/] k|fljlws ljZn]if0fx¿ klg k|:t't ul/Psf
5g\ . To;}u/L ljutdf ljleGg ljkb\n] k'¥ofPsf] Ifltsf] n]vfhf]vf,
ljkb\ / ul/aLaLrsf] cGt/;DaGw, k|fs[lts ljkb\ tyf jftfj/0faLrsf]
cGt/;DaGwh:tf kIfnfO{ klg gLlt lgdf{0f / sfof{Gjog k|lqmofdf
Wofg lbg'kg]{tkm{ hf]8 lbOPsf] 5 .
PsLs[t ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg (Total Disaster Risk Management
- TDRM) sf] efjgfnfO{ ;fsf/ ¿k lbg klg o; /0fgLltn] hf]8
lbPsf] 5 .
ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg /fli6«o /0fgLlt, @)^^
” ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf]
cjwf/0ffnfO{ ljsf; of]hgfx¿df d"nk|jfxLs/0f ug]{,
gful/ssf] ;'/lIft hLjg / ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] k|Tofe"lt lbg],
n}lËs tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0fnfO{ hf]8 lbg],
ljs]Gb|Lt sfof{Gjog k|lqmof cjnDag ug{],
PsLs[t k|0ffnL (Holistic Approach) ckgfpg],
sd{rf/Lsf] ;'/Iff (Staff Safety and Security) nfO{ k|fyldstf lbg],
Psåf/ gLlt (One-Door Policy) / If]qut cjwf/0ff (Cluster Approach) sf] cfwf/df sfo{ ;~rfng ug]{, /
;xeflutfd"ns, cGt/lqmofTds / ;dGjofTds k|of;nfO{ Jojxf/df sfof{Gjog ug]{ .
/0fgLltn] to u/]sf d'Vo dfu{lgb]{zs l;4fGtx?
ljkb\ hf]lvd /fli6«o
/0fgLltn] lgwf{/0f
u/]sf k|fyldstf /
If]qut cjwf/0ffsf]
k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog
ug{ ;+:yfut ;'wf/sf]
cfjZostf 68\sf/f]
?kdf b]vf k/]sf] 5 .
k|fs[lts k|sf]kdf
dlxnfx? !$ u'0ff
a9L d[To'sf]
hf]lvddf x'G5g\ .
ljkb\ h
f]lvd
Joj:y
fkg
/fli6«o /0fg
Llt, @)^^
Photo: ECO Nepal
Photo: Co-Action Nepal
ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf nflu If]qut /0fgLlt (Sectoral Strategies for DRR)
ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg /0fgLlt, @)^^ n]
lgDgcg';f/ gf}j6f If]q lgwf{/0f u/]sf] 5 M
s[lif tyf vfB ;'/Iff;DaGwL /0fgLlt,
:jf:Yo tyf kf]if0f If]q;DaGwL /0fgLlt,
z}lIfs If]q;DaGwL /0fgLlt,
cfjf;, k"jf{wf/ tyf ef}lts of]hgf;DaGwL
/0fgLlt,
hLljsf]kfh{gsf] ;+/If0f,
vfg]kfgL tyf ;/–;kmfO If]q;DaGwL /0fgLlt,
Photo: ECO Nepal
jg tyf e"–;+/If0f If]q;DaGwL /0fgLlt,
;"rgf, ;~rf/, ;dGjo tyf aGbf]
a:tL÷k|aGwut Ifdtf;DaGwL /0fgLlt,
vf]hL tyf p4f/ / Ifltsf] n]vfhf]vf tyf
cfjZostfsf] ljZn]if0f;DaGwL /0fgLlt,
Photo: Handicap International
k|d'v /0fgLltut k|fyldstf
/0fgLltn] g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df ljBdfg k|d'v r'gf}tLx¿sf] klxrfg u/]/ ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfgsf nflu sfof{Gjog k|lqmofdf lgDgfg';f/sf kfFrj6f k|d''v k|fyldstf k|fKt lqmofsnfkx¿ lgwf{/0f u/]sf] 5 M
ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f /fli6«o tyf :yfgLo k|fyldstf x'g] / o;sf] sfof{Gjogsf nflu ;zQm ;+:yfut Joj:YffnfO{ ;'lglZrt ug]{,
ljkb\sf ;DefJo hf]lvdsf] n]vfhf]vf, klxrfg, cg'udg / k"j{r]tfjgL k|0ffnL ;'b[9 ug]{,
;a} txdf ;'/lIft ;+:s[lt Pj+ pTyfgzLntfsf] ljsf; ug{
1fg, gjLgtd ;f]r / lzIffsf] pkof]u ug{],
JofKt hf]lvdsf sf/s tTjx¿nfO{ Go"g ug]{, /
k|efjsf/L k|ltsfo{sf nflu ljkb\ k"j{tof/LnfO{ ;zQm agfpg] .
pNn]lvt kfFrj6f k|fyldstf k|fKt lqmofsnfksf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog ug{ @( j6f /0fgLlts lqmofsnfk / ;"rs lqmofsnfk tyf kl/0ffd (Indicative Activity and Outcome) tyf hjfkmb]xL lgsfox¿ (Responsible Agencies) klg tf]lsPsf 5g\ .
SUMMARY of the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015:Building the Resilience of Nations and Communities to Disasters (Hyogo Framework)
I S D RInternational Strategy
for Disaster Reduction
International Strategy for Disaster Reduction
DRR= disaster risk reduction
Strategic Goals
The integration of disaster risk reduction intosustainable development policies and planning
Development and strengthening of institutions,mechanisms and capacities to build resilience tohazards
The systematic incorporation of risk reductionapproaches into the implementation of emergencypreparedness, response and recovery programmes
Priorities for Action
Cross Cutting Issues
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Risk assessments and maps,multi-risk: elaboration anddisseminationIndicators on DRR and vulnerabilityData & statistical loss informationEarly warning: people centered;information systems; public policyScientific and technologicaldevelopment; data sharing, space-based earth observation, climatemodeling and forecasting; earlywarningRegional and emerging risks
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Information sharing and cooperation;Networks across disciplines andregions; dialogueUse of standard DRR terminologyInclusion of DRR into schoolcurricula, formal and informaleducationTraining and learning on DRR:community level, local authorities,targeted sectors; equal accessResearch capacity: multi-risk; socio-economic; applicationPublic awareness and media
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Disaster management capacities:policy, technical and institutionalcapacitiesDialogue, coordination & informationexchange between disaster managersand development sectorsRegional approaches to disasterresponse, with risk reduction focusReview & and exercise preparednessand contingency plansEmergency fundsVoluntarism & participation
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Sustainable ecosystems and environmentalmanagementDRR strategies integrated with climate changeadaptationFood security for resilienceDRR integrated into health sector and safe hospitalsProtection of critical public facilitiesRecovery schemes and social safety- netsVulnerability reduction with diversified income optionsFinancial risk-sharing mechanismsPublic-private partnershipLand use planning and building codesRural development plans and DRR
Ke
yA
ctiv
itie
s
3. Use knowledge, innovationand education to build a cultureof safety and resilience atall levels
5. Strengthen disaster preparednessfor effective response at all levels
4. Reduce the underlying risk factors
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DRR institutional mechanisms(national platforms);designated responsibilitiesDRR part of developmentpolicies and planning, sectorwise and multisectorLegislation to support DRRDecentralisation ofresponsibilities and resourcesAssessment of humanresources and capacitiesFoster political commitmentCommunity participation
Expected OutcomeThe substantial reduction of disaster losses, in lives and in the social,
economic and environmental assets of communities and countries
1. Ensure that disaster riskreduction (DRR) is a nationaland a local priority with astrong institutional basis forimplementation
2. Identify, assess and monitordisaster risks and enhance earlywarning
Multi-hazard approach Gender perspective and cultural diversity Community and volunteers participation Capacity building & technology transfer
Con
trib
utin
gto
the
achi
evem
ents
ofth
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tern
atio
nally
agre
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velo
pmen
tgoa
ls(in
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MD
Gs)
www.unisdr.org
Expected outcome, strategic goals and priorities for action 2005-2015
……
x\of]uf] sfo{;+/rgf
ljZjJofkL ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf] nflu ;+o'Qm /fi6«;ª\3sf
;b:o /fi6«x¿n] cg'df]bg u/]sf] ;femf /0fgLlt g} æx\of]uf]
sfo{;+/rgfÆ (Hyogo Framework for Action) xf] . ;g\ @))% sf]
hgj/L !* b]lv @@ tfl/vdf hfkfgsf] sf]a] ;x/df cfof]lht
bf]>f] ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3Lo ljkb\ Go"gLs/0f ljZj ;Dd]ngdf ljZjsf
!^* /fi6«n] ;j{;Ddt ¿kdf Xof]uf] sfo{;+/rgfnfO{ cg'df]bg ub}{
cjnDag ug]{ k|lta4tf hgfPsf lyP .
o; sfo{;+/rgfn] ;g\ @)!% ;Dddf ljkb\sf] sf/0fn] x'g] dfgjLo,
;fdflhs, cfly{s / jftfj/0fLo IfltnfO{ pNn]Vo ¿kdf sd
u/fO{ x/]s /fi6« / ;d'bfonfO{ k|sf]klj?4 pTyfgzLn (Resilience)
agfpg] ck]Iff /fv]sf] 5 .
x\of]uf] sfo{;+/rgfn] kfFrj6f k|fyldstf k|fKt If]q lgwf{/0f u/]sf]
5 . o;sf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogsf] nflu dfu{–lgb]{zs l;4fGtx¿
to ul/g'sf] ;fy} ljkb\sf] hf]lvddf /x]sf ;d'bfonfO{ lbuf]
ljsf;sf] k[i7e"lddf pTyfgzLn t'Nofpg o;n] Jojxfl/s
tf}/tl/sfx¿ ;d]t l;kmfl/z u/]sf] 5 .
ljsf;sf of]hgf / /0fgLltsf] s]Gb|laGb'sf] ¿kdf ljkb\ hf]lvd
Go"gLs/0f x'g'kg]{ cjwf/0ffnfO{ x\of]uf] sfo{;+/rgfn] hf]8 lbPsf]
5 . k|sf]kn] ljsf;sf] pknlAwnfO{ r'gf}tL lbg] / ul/aL a9fpg]
x'gfn] a]n}df uDeL/ sbd grflnP ;x>fAbL ljsf; nIosf] k|d'v
tuf/f] g} k|sf]kl;lh{t Iflt x'g;Sg]tkm{ x\of]uf] sfo{;+/rgfn] ;r]t
u/fPsf] 5 .
ljZjJofkL ljkb\
hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf]
nflu ;+o'Qm
/fi6«;ª\3sf ;b:o
/fi6«x?n] cg'df]bg u/]sf]
;femf /0fgLlt g}
…x\of]uf] sfo{;+/rgfÚ
(Hyogo Framework for
Action) xf] .
o; sfo{;+/rgfn]
;g\ @)!% ;Dddf
ljkb\sf] sf/0fn] x'g]
dfgjLo, ;fdflhs,
cfly{s / jftfj/0fLo
IfltnfO{ pNn]Vo
¿kdf sd u/fO{
x/]s /fi6« /
;d'bfonfO{ k|sf]
klj?4 pTyfgzLn
(Resilience) agfpg]
ck]Iff /fv]sf] 5 .
x\o
f]uf] s
fo{
;+/r
gf
Photo: ECO Nepal
x\of]uf] sfo{;+/rgfsf k|d'v k|fyldstf M
x\of]uf] sfo{;+/rgfn] kfFrj6f k|fyldstfsf sfo{x¿
klxrfg u/]sf] 5 . o;nfO{ x\of]uf] sfo{;+/rgfsf] d'Vo
efu klg dfGg ;lsG5 . k|To]s k|fyldstf cGtu{tsf
;Defljt sfo{x¿nfO{ o; ;+/rgfn] lj:t[t ¿kdf
JofVof u/]sf] 5 .
!= /fli6«o / :yfgLo k|fyldstfcg';f/
;+:yfut ;'b[9Ls/0fsf cfwf/df ljkb\
hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf sfo{ ;~rfng ePsf]
;'lglZrt ug]{ .
;+:yfut ;'b[9Ls/0fsf nflu /fli6«o 9fFrf, • ;+:yfut ;+/rgf tyf sfg'gL vfsf, ;|f]tsf]
lbuf] Joj:yfkg / ;fd'bflos ;xeflutfnfO{
;zQm agfpg] .
@= k|sf]ksf] hf]lvd klxrfg, d'Nofª\sg /
cg'udg ug]{ tyf k"j{r]tfjgL k|0ffnLnfO{
k|efjsf/L agfpg] .
:yfgLo, If]qLo / /fli6«o txsf] hf]lvd • klxrfg, d"Nofª\sg / cg'udg ug]{,
k"j{r]tfjgL k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ug]{ / ;Defljt
hf]lvdsf] ;fdgf ug{ ;Sg] Ifdtf clej[l4 ug]{ .
#= 1fg, vf]h / lzIffsf] pkof]u u/]/ ;a}
txdf ;'/IffTds ;+:s[lt / k|sf]ksf] ;fdgf
ug]{ Ifdtf clej[l4 ug]{ .
:yfgLo / /fli6«o txdf ;"rgf Joj:yfkg • tyf cfbfg–k|bfg, lzIff tyf tflnd /
cg';Gwfg;lxt hgr]tgf clej[l4 u/]/ ;a}
txdf ;'/IffTds ;+:s[ltsf] ljsf; tyf
k|sf]k–;fdgf Ifdtf clej[l4 ug]{ .
$= hf]lvdsf cfwf/e"t sf/stTj Go"gLs/0f ug]{ .
jftfj/0f tyf k|fs[lts ;|f]t Joj:yfkg, • ;fdflhs tyf cfly{s ljsf;sf cEof; /
e"–pkof]u of]hgf tyf cGo k|fljlws pkfo
ckgfP/ hf]lvdsf vf; sf/s tTjnfO{
36fpg] .
% ;a} txdf k|sf]ksf] k|efjsf/L k|ltsf/sf
nflu z;St k"j{tof/L ug]{ .
k|sf]k Joa:yfkgsf nflu If]qLo, /fli6«o tyf • :yfgLo :t/df ;DalGwt k|ljlw, tflnd Pjd\
dfgj tyf ef}lts ;+;fwg ljsf; u/L gLltut,
k|fljlws tyf ;+:yfut Ifdtf ;zSt agfpg] .
k|sf]ksf] hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f k|of; k|efjsf/L • agfpg] p2]Zon] k"j{r]tfjgL, hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f,
k|sf]k–;fdgf / ljsf;sf If]q;Fu ;DalGwt
;a} txsf ;+:yf / lgsfoaLrsf] 5nkmn,
;"rgf cfbg–k|bfg / ;dGjodf ;xof]u
k'¥ofpg] Pjd\ clej[l4 ug]{] .
/fi6«sf] k|sf]k–;dfgf ug]{ IfdtfnfO{ k|sf]kn] • pl5Gg] cj:yfdf klg To;sf] k|efjsf/L
;Daf]wg ePsf] ;'lglZrt ug]{ tof/Lsf nflu
If]qLo:t/df ;dGjofTds kxnsf] ljsf; Pjd\
;'b[9Ls/0f, If]qLo gLltlgdf{0f jf ;'wf/ u/]/
sfo{;+oGq, of]hgf tyf ;"rgfk|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ug]{ .
k|sf]ksf] clthf]lvdsf If]q / ;d"xnfO{ b[li6ut • u/L ;a} txdf k"j{tof/L jf k"g/fjnf]sg /
;do;fk]If kl/dfh{g u/L pko'Qm of]hgf
tyf gLlt agfpg] . k|sf]ksf cj:yfdf tLj|
/ k|efjsf/L ;Daf]wg ePsf] tyf :yfgLo
cfjZostf cg'¿k plrt 9ª\un] vfB tyf
cGo cfjZos a:t'sf] ;xof]u k'u]sf] ;'lglZrt
ug{ tyf k|sf]k k|efljt :yfg vfnL u/fpg]h:tf
k"j{tof/Lsf lgoldt cEof;nfO{ a9fjf lbg] .
k|sf]ksf] ;fdgf, Iflt Go"gLs/0fsf nfuL• k"j{tof/Lsf pkfonfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg kof{Kt
x'g] u/L cfjZostf cg';f/sf :yfgdf ;ª\
s6sfnLg sf]ifsf] :yfkgf ug]{ k|lqmofnfO{ k|>o
lbg]] .
k|sf]ksf] hf]lvd 36fpg, ljz]ifu/L • :jod;]jL efjgf a9fP/ ;lqmo ;xeflutfnfO{
k|j4{g ug{ ;Sg] k|0ffnL tyf ;d'bfo /
;/f]sf/jfnfdf :jfldTjsf] efjgf ljsf; ug]{ .
ljsf;df ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkgsf] d"nk|jfxLs/0f
ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f u/L
hf]lvdd'Qm g]kfnsf] ljsf;sf
nflu ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkgnfO{
ljsf;k|lqmofdf d"nk|jfxLs/0f ug{
sfg'gL Joj:yf / ;+:yfut
;+/rgfsf] cfjZostf clgjfo{
b]lvPsf] 5 .
k|sf]ksf 36gfaf6 dfgjLo ;DklQ, ;fdflhs ;DklQ, k|fs[lts ;DklQ, ef}lts ;DklQ / ljQLo ;DklQdfly dflg;n] cg'dfg u/]sf] t'ngfdf a9L Iflt x'g] u/]sf] 5 .
k|sf]ksf 36gfn] ljsf;sf ;+/rgf Wj:t agfpF5, kl/0ffd:j¿k d'n'ssf] ljsf;k|lqmof cl3 a9\g'sf] ;f6f] k5fl8 ws]lnG5 .
k|sf]ksf 36gfsf] pTklQ / To;sf] ;ª\s6f;Ggtfsf] ljZn]if0f gu/L lgdf{0f ul/Psf ljsf;sf ;+/rgfn] ljkb\ hf]lvd a9fpF5g\ .
;x;|fAbL ljsf; nIo (Millennium Development
Goals) xfl;n ug{] lbzfdf cu|;/ x'g / ;x;|fAbL ljsf;sf pknlAwnfO{ lbuf] agfpg ljsf;sf k|of;x¿df ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fnfO{ d"nk|jfxLs/0f ug'{ cfjZos 5 .
ljsf; k|lqmofdf ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkgnfO{ d"nk|jfxLs/0f ug{ ;lsPdf ljkb\sf] ;fdgf ug]{ :yfgLo, If]qLo / /fli6«o Ifdtf clej[l4 x'g]5 .
ul/aL lgjf/0fsf] nflu cfly{s ljsf; h?/L x'G5 eg] cfly{s ljsf;sf] nflu ef}lts ;+/rgf lgdf{0fsf] dxTjk"0f{ :yfg /xG5 . olb ef}lts ;+/rgfsf] lgdf{0fdf ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf ljlwsf] cg';/0f / sfof{Gjog
ug{ ;lsPg eg] To;n] ljsf;df ul/Psf] nufgL 8'Ag]
;Defjgf /xG5 .
;/sf/n] ;+/rgfsf] lgdf{0fdf dfkb08 lgwf{/0f ug]{ qmddf s]xL gu/kflnsfdf ejglgdf{0f ;+lxtf nfu" ul/;s]sf] 5 . o; ;+lxtfnfO{ ;do;fk]If ¿kdf ;'wf/ u/L ;a} gu/kflnsf / uflj;df ;d]t nfu" ug'{ h?/L 5 .
ljsf; k|lqmofdf ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkgnfO{ d"nk|jfxLs/0f ug{ ;d'bfo:t/b]lv g} k|efjsf/L sfo{Gjog ljlwsf] cjnDag ug'{ h?/L x'G5 .
ljsf; lgdf{0f k|lqmofdf :yfgLo ;d'bfosf] k|ToIf ;xeflutfsf] k|Tofe"lt u/]/ ljkb\sf] ;fdgf ug]{ jf hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f
ljsf;
df ljkb
\ hf]lv
d
Joj:y
fkgs
f] d"n
k|jfxLs
/0f
Photo: ECO Nepal
ljkb\ Joj:yfkg;DaGwL s]xL b:tfj]hx?
b}jL k|sf]k -p¢f/_ P]g, @)#(
/fli6«o k|sf]k Joj:yfkg sfo{of]hgf, @)%@
tLg jif]{ sfo{of]hgf, @)^@÷@)^%
k|sf]k kLl8t p4f/ / /fxt;DaGwL dfkb08, @)^$
ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f /fli6«o sfo{d~rsf] ljwfg, @)^%
ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg /fli6«o /0fgLlt, @)^^
ljkb\ Joj:yfkg P]g, @)^^ -k|:tfljt_
k|sf]k hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f;DaGwL hg 3f]if0ff, @)^^
ug]{ :yfgLo 1fg, ;Lk / k|ljlwsf] ;'b[9Ls/0f ug'{ cfjZos x'G5 .
g]kfnsf &% j6} lhNnfdf ljkb\ Joj:yfkg of]hgf tof/ u/L To;nfO{ uflj;;Dd k'¥ofpg' cfjZos 5 .
t/fO{ If]qdf af9Lsf] hf]lvd / kxf8L If]qdf klx/f]sf] hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f ug{ af9L / klx/f] lgoGq0f k|ljlwsf] cg';Gwfg u/L pkof]uL dflgPsf k|ljlwsf] pkof]u ug]{ jftfj/0f tof/ ul/g'k5{ .
;g\ @))$ df kfls:tfgdf uPsf] e"sDksf] sf/0f elTsPsf sdhf]/ ljBfno ejgn] k'l/P/ !*,))) eGbf a9L :s'n] afnaflnsfsf] Hofg uPsf] atfOPsf] 5 . g]kfn klg e"sDkLo hf]lvddf /x]sf] x'Fbf ljBfno hfg] afnaflnsfsf] ;'/IffnfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ :s'nx¿sf] e"sDkLo k|lt/f]wL Ifdtf a9fpg] sfo{nfO{ tLj| agfpg' cfjZos 5 .
Photo: UNDP-BPCR
"ljkb\ k|efljt ;d'bfosf] /fli6«o ;~hfn ljkb\af6
k|efljt tyf qmlds ¿kn] a9\b} u/]sf] hf]lvd k|lt
;ª\s6f;Gg dflg;sf] Ps /fli6«o rf}tf/L xf] . o;n]
;dfj]zL k|s[ltsf] ;d'i6 hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fnfO{ phfu/ ub{}
ljkb\ ;ª\s6f;Gg hgtf tyf df]6fdf]6L ¿kdf dfgjLo
;'/IffnfO{ ;'lgZro ug{] ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf]
nflu ;'b[9 gLltut 9fFrfsf] cfjZostfnfO{ jsfnt
u/]sf] 5 .
hg 3f]if0ff
k|sf]kaf6 kLl8t, al9/x]sf dxfdf/Laf6 ;ª\s6f;Gg
tyf ljkb\sf] rk]6fdf nuftf/ k/]sf xfdL g]kfnL
hgtf ;+o'Qm ¿kdf lgDg cg';f/sf] k|lta4tf JoQm
ub{5f}+ .
!= ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f hgtfsf] g};lu{s
clwsf/ xf] . lgdf{0fflwg ;+ljwfgdf k|sf]k kLl8t
hgtfsf nflu rflxg] Go"gtd ;'ljwf
clwsf/sf ¿kdf Joj:yf ul/g' kb{5 . o;n]
ljkb\k|lt ;+s6f;Gg tyf k|efljt dflg;nfO{
;'/Iffsf] ;'lgZro ub{5 . ckfË;lxtsf ljleGg
k|sf/n] ;+s6f;Gg dflg;x¿sf] cfjZostfnfO{
;dfj]z u/L ;d'i6 tyf ;dfj]zL ljkb\ hf]lvd
Go"gLs/0fsf] gLlt hg;dIf Nofpg xfdL g]kfn
;/sf/nfO{ cfXjfg ub{5f}+ .
@= hgtfsf clwsf/ pko'Qm sfg'gL / gLltut
Joj:yfåf/f ;'/lIft ug{ ;lsG5 . xfdL
k|sf]k Joj:yfkg P]g @)^# -km/j/L @))&
df ;/sf/af6 ;+zf]wg eO{ k]z ePsf]_ sf]
Joj:yflksf ;+;båf/f tTsfn kfl/t ePsf] x]g{
rfxG5f}+ .
k|sf]k hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f ;DaGwdf hg3f]if0ff
#= xfdL ljZjf; ub{5f} ls k|efjsf/L zf;g / ;d[4
/fi6« hgtfnfO{ lg0f{o k|lqmofdf ;dfj]z gu/L k|fKt
ug{ ;lsFb}g . s'g} klg k|sf]ksf] c;/ ;a}eGbf
klxn] ;d'bfon] ef]U5 / k|ltlqmof lbG5 . xfdL
cfXjfg ub{5f}+ ls ;/sf/n] gLltut
sfo{;+/rgfsf] lgdf{0f u/f];\ / k|sf]k kLl8t
hgtfsf] ;/sf/L lg0f{o k|lqmofdf ;xeflutfsf]
;'lglZrttf u/f];\ .
$= xfdL cGt/fli6«o u};;, gful/s ;dfh, :yfgLo
u};;, bftf, / ;/sf/n] k|sf]k hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fdf
u/]sf k|of;sf] ;/fxgf ub{5f}+ . xfdL ljZjf;
ub{5f}+ ls ;d'bfo txdf xfd|f pknlAwx¿ xfl;n
ug{ / xfd|f k|of;x¿nfO{ clej[l4 ug{ k|z:t
cj;/x¿ 5g\ . k|sf]k pTyfgzLntf a9fpg
xfdL;Fu sfd ub}}{ cfPsf k|d'v
;/]fsf/jfnfx¿af6 lg/Gt/ ;xof]usf] ck]Iff
ub{5f}+ .
lgdf{0fflwg ;+ljwfgdf k|sf]k
kLl8t hgtfsf] nflu rflxg]
Go"gtd ;'ljwf clwsf/sf
?kdf Joj:yf ul/g' kb{5 .
o;n] ljkb\k|lt ;+s6f;Gg tyf
k|efljt dflg;nfO{ ;'/Iffsf]
;'lgZro ub{5 .
k|sf]k h
f]lvd
Go"g
Ls/0f
;DaGw
df h
g3
f]if0ff
%= xfdL ljZjf; ub{5f+} ls hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf]
;+:sf/nfO{ tNnf] txsf dflg;b]lv pRr txsf]
;/sf/L sfof{no;Dd k|f]T;flxt ul/g' kb{5 .
xfdL hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fnfO{ d"nk|jfxLs/0f ug{
;/sf/n] cfkm\gf k|0ffnLx¿sf] ;a} txdf Ifdtf
ljsf; u/f];\ / k|sf]ksf] ;fdgf ug]{ ;d'bfosf]
Ifdtf lgdf{0fsf nflu nufgL klg u/f];\ eGg]
cfXjfg ub{5f}+ .
^= k|sf]k hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fnfO{ ljsf; k|lqmofdf
d"nk|jfxLs/0f ug{ tyf k|sf]k k|efljt
dflg;x¿sf] clwsf/nfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{
k|fyldstfsf ;fy nufgL ul/g' kb{5 eGg] xfdL
ljZjf; ub{5f}+ . ;/sf/, bftf / cGt/fli6«o
;d'bfo;Fu hgtfsf] cfjfh ;'Gg / Go"g hf]lvd
o'Qm /fi6« agfpg] xfd|f] rfxgfnfO{ ;Dk"0f{ ¿kn]
;xof]u ug{ xfdL cfXjfg ub{5f}+ .
&= xfdL ;xsfo{sf] dxTjnfO{ a'‰b5f}+ . g]kfndf
k|sf]k hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f k|lqmofk|lt xfd|f]
cGt/lglxt k|lta4tf /x]sf] cjut u/fpFb5f}+
tyf ;/sf/, bftf, cGt/f{li6«o ;d'bfo / c?
/fli6«o ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿n] Go"g hf]lvd g]kfn
agfpg u/]sf k|of;x¿nfO{ ;xof]u ug]{ xfd|f]
k|lta4tf hfx]/ ub{5f}+ .
*= xfdL ljZjf; ub{5f}+ ls gofF g]kfnsf] ;kgf
k|sf]k4f/f cGt/lglxt hf]lvd ;Daf]wg
gx'Fbf;Dd ;fsf/ x'Fb}g . k|sf]k hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f
Pp6f ljsNk geO{ /fi6«sf] nflu ljsf;
k|lqmofsf] cTofjZos kIf xf] eGg] xfd|f] c6n
ljZjf; 5 .
(= xfdL Go"g hf]lvd o'St g]kfn agfpg] xfd|f] nIo
k"/f ug{ ;/sf/;Fu ldn]/ sfo{ ug]{ k|lta4tf
k'gM Ps k6s bf]xf]¥ofpg rfxG5f}+ ."xfdL ljZjf; ub{5f}+ ls gofF g]kfnsf]
;kgf k|sf]k4f/f cGt/ lglxt
hf]lvd ;Daf]wg gx'Fbf ;Dd ;fsf/
x'Fb}g . k|sf]k hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f
Pp6f ljsNk geO{ /fi6«sf] nflu
ljsf; k|lqmofsf] cTofjZos kIf xf]
eGg] xfd|f] c6n ljZjf; 5 .
Photo: Action Aid Nepal
g]kfnsf 7"nf af9Laf6 k|fKt cg'ej
sf];Lsf] kL8f
@)^% ;fn ebf} @ ut] sf];L gbLsf] k"jL{ t6aGw crfgs elTsFbf ;'g;/L lhNnfsf xl/k'/, >Lk'/, klZrd s';jfxsf sl/a %) xhf/ dflg;x¿ k"0f{ ¿kdf lj:yflkt ePsf lyP .
;'g;/L xl/k'/ uflj;sL zfGtLb]jL d08nn] cfˆgf afa';lxt ;a} ;DklQ u'dfPsL lyOg\ / s}of}F lbg;Dd au/df v'nf cfszd'lg latfOg\ .
æaf9L ufpFdf k:bf xfdL k"0f{ ¿kn] cfzfxLg eof}FÆ sf];L kLl8tx¿sf] cfkt\sfnLg cfjf;sf nflu lgdf{0f ul/Psf] lzlj/sf] …PÚ Ansdf a:g] !( jifL{of clgtf ;fbfn] elgg\ . @)^% ;fn ebf} @ ut]sf]
sf];Lsf] af9Lsf] ;dodf pgL ;ft dlxgfsL ue{jtL lyOg\ . To;a]nf pgsf] kl/jf/n] PsxKtf;Dd ef]sef]s} sf];Lsf] au/df latfPsf] lyof] .
…af9Ln] 8'afpg} nflu;s]sf] lyof], dflg;x¿ lrRofO/x]sf lyP, k"/} ufpF hndUg ePsf] lyof] . d'l:snn] s]xL ;fdfg;Fu} xfdL efu]/ afFRg ;kmn eof}+Ú clwsf+z kLl8tsf] egfO oxL lyof] .
sf];Lsf] af9Laf6 kLl8t ag]sL sa't/L ;fxgLsf] cg'ej klg 3tnfUbf] 5 . :jf:Yo k|j4{g tyf hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf nflu 1fg dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 eGg] s'/f pgn] :jLsf/ u/]sL l5g\ .
$(ca{
@)%) ;fndf uPsf]
af9L / klx/f]n] u/]sf]
cfly{s Iflt
“ “@)^% ;fn ebf} @ ut] sf];L gbLsf] k"jL{ t6aGw crfgs elTsFbf ;'g;/L lhNnfsf xl/k'/, >Lk'/, klZrd s';fxfsf sl/a %) xhf/ dflg;x? k"0f{ ?kdf lj:yflkt ePsf lyP .
g]kfn
sf 7
"nf af9
Laf6 k|fKt
cg
'ej
Photo: Co-Action Nepal
:jo+;]jsx¿sf] ;xof]u / hg:jf:Yo ;'wf/ ;ldltdf ;+nUg ePkl5 pgn] cfˆgf] kl/jf/ / ;d'bflos :jf:Yodf lgs} leGgtf cfPsf] dx;'; u/]sL l5g\ . pgL elG5g\, …o:tf] ;'ljwf, ;dembf/L / ;xof]u klxn] kfPsf] eP d}n] cfˆgf] 5f]/f u'dfpg] lyOg . ;/;kmfO{df ;'wf/ u/L w]/} dflg;nfO{ emf8fkvfnf / cGo /f]uaf6 arfpg ;lsG5 . clxn] yfxf kfPF –c1fgn] lauf5{ / 1fgn] ;'wf5{ .
v]tLkftL u/]/ hLljsf]kfh{g ub}{ cfPsL zflGtb]jLsf b'O{ 5f]/f ckfË 5g\ eg] Pp6f ef/tdf 5g\ . af9Lsf sf/0f pgn] 3/;lxt Psxn uf]?, tLg lj3f hldg u'dfOg\ . pgsf >Ldfg\ sf];L lsgf/df dhb'/L u5{g\ h'g lgoldt x'Fb}g . pgL elG5g\ – b'Mv ulx/f] 5 . af9Lsf] >fkn] ;a} ;DklQ u'Dof] . ;fFemsf] * ah] d / d]/f ckfË 5f]/f5f]/L efUg ;s]gf}+ . kl5 ufpFn]sf] ;xof]udf lsgf/df cfpg ;kmn eof}F . ca t kL8f la;{g xfdLn] ;sf/fTds s'/fdf a9L Wofg lbg' k5{ .
af9L cfPkl5 >Ldfg\ gePsf] cj:yfdf g'gfb]jL tLg 5f]/f5f]/L;lxt ufpFn];Fu} efu]sL lyOg\ . pgL gf} dlxgfsL ue{jtL lyOg\ .
pgn] cfk"m;Fu afnaRrfafx]s s]xL ;fdfg Nofpg kfOgg\ . rf/–kfFr lbg;Dd ef]s} / v'nf cfsfzd'lg a:g'kbf{sf] kL8f
lgs} 7"nf] lyof] .
@)%) ;fnsf] af9Lsf] kL8fg]kfndf @)%) ;fndf uPsf] af9L / klx/f] %* jif{sf] cjlwsf] ;jf{lws Ifltk/s ljkb\ lyof] . To; jif{ uPsf] af9Laf6 ePsf] Iflt o:tf] lyof] M
Iflt ePsf] If]q Ifltd[To' !,##^j]kQf !^#k|efljt kl/jf/ *%,@%$3/kfn'jf hgfj/ @%,$@%k"0f{ Ifltu|:t 3/ !&,!!#v]tLof]Uo e"ld -x]S6/df_ %,%*$ cfly{s Iflt -¿k}ofF xhf/df_ $(,)),)))
@)%) ;fnsf] af9Laf6 ePsf] Ifltsf] ;ª\sng k"0f{ ¿kdf x'g g;s]sf] hgu'gf;f] cfPsf] lyof], To;n] Ifltsf] dfqf cem} w]/} lyof] eGg] cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 .
k"j{ ;"rgf tyf r]tfjgL k|0ffnLsf] cefjsf sf/0f a9L Iflt ePsf] lyof] . df};dL ;"rgf k|jfxdf
df};d lj1fg ljefusf] e"ldsf z"Goh:t} /x]sf] lyof] .
;'/lIft :yfgsf] klxrfg u/L a;f]af; ug]{ k|rng gePsf] sf/0f g} klx/f]sf] hf]lvd a9]sf] lgisif{ ljleGg cWoogn] lgsfn]sf] kfOG5 .
;/sf/;Fu ;|f]tsf] cefj / ljkb\sf] ;fdgf ug]{ ;+:yfut sdhf]/Lsf sf/0f klx/f] / af9L yfldO;s]kl5 klg dfgjLo Iflt a9]sf] lyof] .
af9Lkl5 km}lnPsf] dxfdf/Ln] ;d]t w]/} dflg;sf] d[To' ePsf] lyof] . oBlk ;f] ;dodf af9L klx/f] jf k|sf]ksf 36gf / To;af6 ePsf] Ifltsf] k"0f{ clen]v pknAw 5}g .
af9L k|efljt If]qdf tTsfnLg /fhkl/jf/sf ;b:osf] ;d]t e|d0f eP klg ;/sf/n] ul/a / a9L k|efljt ;d'bfonfO{ cfly{s tyf k|fljlws ;xof]u pknAw u/fpg g;s]sf] cj:yf lyof] .
/fhdfu{x¿, k'nx¿ Wj:t ePsf sf/0f ufpF / ;x/aLrsf] ;Dks{ ca?4 ePsf] t lyof] g} sf7df8f}+df ;d]t vfBfGg tyf b}lgs cfjZostfsf ;fwgsf] cfk"lt{df k|lts"n k|efj k/]sf] lyof] .
“ “g]kfndf @)%) ;fndf uPsf] af9L / klx/f] %* jif{sf] cjlwsf] ;jf{lws Ifltsf/s ljkb\ lyof] .
Photo: Co-Action Nepal
k"j{;"rgfsf] la:tf/ M hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf] cfwf/
xhf/f}F hgtfsf nflu x/]s jif{ dg;'gsf] ;dodf cfpg] af9Ln] hgwgsf] Iflt, e"ldsf] Ifo, k'gM:yfkg ug{ g;lsg] u/L ;DklQsf] gf]S;fgL, a:t'efpsf] d[To', ;l~rt vfB ;fdu|Lsf] Ifo / cGttM d"ne"t ¿kdf hLjgsf] Iflt ug]{ u/]sf] 5 .
k|To]s jif{ cfpg] klx/f] tyf e"–Ifon] ;of}F hgtfsf] 3/af/ pl7af; ug'{sf ;fy} hLjg u'dfpg' k/]sf] cj:yf 5 .
sltv]/ e"sDk cfpg] xf] / hLjg lnnf ;dfKt x'g] xf] eGg] qf;df g]kfnsf nfvf}F hgtf afFlr/xg' k/]sf] 5 .
To;f] eP s] ljkb cfpg'cl3 k"j{–r]tfjgL, ;"rgf jf hfgsf/L kfpg ;lsFb}g < lgZro g} ;lsG5 . vfFrf] 5 t s]an k|lta¢tf / Jojxf/d} s]xL u?F eGg] xf] .
xfn;Dd g]kfnsf kfFr lhNnfx¿ -lrtjg, gjnk/f;L, afFs], alb{of / s}nfnL_ df af9Lsf nflu :yfkgf ePsf] ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t k"j{;"rgf k|0ffnL / o;af6 k|fKt pknlAwnfO{ xg]{ xf] eg] cfznfUbf] eljiosf] sNkgf ug{ ;lsG5 . o:tf k"j{;"rgf k|0ffnLx¿nfO{ b]zsf cGo efudf klg lj:tf/ ug'{kg]{ cToGt h?/L b]lvG5 . t;y{ æg]kfnsf] k|d'v k|fs[lts hf]lvd k"j{;"rgf k|0ffnL – /fli6«o /0fgLltÆ sf] k|f/lDes vfsf tof/Lsf] nflu g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ ;xof]u klg yflnPsf] 5 .
;g\ !((# sf] Ps /ft ufpFdf 7"nf]
af9L cfof] . af9Ln] d]/f] 3/ ;lxt @$
cf]6f ufO{a:t' / @ la3f v]tsf] afnL
aufof] . dnfO{ klg e08f/fsf] pQ/L
If]qaf6 hËnsf] 5]plt/ ws]Nof] .
– gj/fh l;njfn, %), e08f/f, lrtjg
dWo/ftdf ha d zf}rfno hfg vf6af6
cf]n]{ ta yfxf kfPF ls kfgL t 3'F8f;Dd
cfO;s]sf] /x]5 .
– nx'/fd rf}w/L, nlntk"/, s}nfnL
k"j{;"r
gfs
f] la:tf/
Photo: Practical Action
;du| kLl8t hgtfsf tkm{af6 k"j{;"rgfsf] cefjdf ef]Ug' k/]sf ;d:ofx¿ cleJoQm ug]{ oL s]xL k|ltlglw cfjfhx¿ dfq x'g\ .
;fO/gsf] cfjfh ;'Gg] lalQs}} xfdL
3/af6 aflx/ lg:Sof}+, xfd|f
a:t'efpnfO{ pFrf] e"ld 7"n] rf}/df
nUof}+ / xfd|f dxTjk"0f{ j:t'xnfO{
e"OFtnfaf6 pkNnf] tnfdf ;f¥of}+ .
– ;]K6]Da/ ^, @))& sf] af9Laf6 hf]lug ;kmn ePkl5 cfkm\gf] cg'ej ;'gfpFb} a;Gt rf}w/L, au}+rf 6f]n, gjnk/f;L .xfd|f] ;d'bfosf ;a}sf] Hofg
hf]luPsf]df xfdL v'zL / uf}/jflGjt
5f}F . k"j{;"rgf k|0ffnL ;fdu|Lsf]
;fy;fy} o;;DaGwL tflnd /
e|d0fn] l;sfPsf] 1fg / ;Lksf]
;xL k|of]un] ubf{ sfo{qmd ;~rflnt
;d'bfox?df s'g} hLpHofgsf] Iflt
ePg . hasL xfd|f] jl/kl/sf
hf]l8Psf ;d'bfox?df @$ hgfn]
Hofg u'dfpg' k¥of] .
– ;]K6]Da/ @), @))* sf] af9Laf6 hf]lug ;kmn ePkl5 cfkm\gf] cg'ej ;'gfpFb} rNn'/fd rf}w/L, x;'lnof, s}nfnL .
klZrd /fKtL gbLsf nflu :yfkgf
ePsf] k"j{;"rgf k|0ffnLn] o; k6s
vf]h tyf p4f/sf] h?/t g} k/]g .
lsgsL ;"rgf kfP/ ;a} ;d'bfo af9L
cfpg'eGbf cufj} ;'/lIft :yfgdf
k'lu;s]sf lyP .
– @))( cS6f]j/ ^ sf] af9Lkl5 hgj/L % @)!) df ePsf] ;ldIff sfo{zfnf uf]i7Ldf af]Ng'x'Fb} k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L la/]Gb| aflgof, afFs] .
t/ s] g]kfnsf ;of}F gbL–If]qdf a;f]af; ul//x]sf af9L kLl8tx¿n] oL ;'ljwf kfPsf 5g\ t < lgZro g} 5}g .
af9L afx]s c? ljleGg k|sf/sf ljkb\x¿af6 hf]lug klg k"j{;"rgf k|0ffnL :yfkgf ePsf 5}gg\ .
Photo: Practical Action
Ifltsf] tYofª\s;g\ !(&! b]lv @))* ;Dd ljkb\af6 ePsf] Iflt tYofª\s
lhNnf 8f6f sf8{ dfgjLo Iflt ejgsf] Iflt d[To' 3fOt] k|efljt k"0f{ Iflt cf+lzs Iflt
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g]kfnsf] e"sDkLo kL8f cem ljs/fn!(() ;fn df3 @ ut] / @)$% ;fn ebf} $ ut] g]kfndf ljgfzsf/L e"sDk uP . aLrdf ;–;fgf e"sDkn] Iflt gk'¥ofPsf xf]Ogg\ . !(() ;fnkl5 uPsf e"sDk / To;n] k'¥ofPsf] Iflt M
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g]kfndf uPsf oL e"sDk / To;kl5 pTkGg cj:yf tyf o;;DaGwdf ul/Psf cWoogaf6 k|fKt k|d'v l;sfO{ lgDgfg';f/ 5g\ M e"sDk lgoldt ¿kdf eO/xg] k|sf]ksf] 36gf xf]Og . oBlk, lj1x¿sfcg';f/ g]kfndf x/]s Ps ;o jif{sf] cjlwdf
dxfe"sDk hfg] u/]sf] 5 . lgoldt ¿kdf x'g] af9L, klx/f], cfunfuL, dxfdf/Lh:tf k|sf]ksf 36gfaf6 pTkGg x'g] ljkb\sf]h:t} e"sDk lgoldt ¿kdf hfFb}g .
e"sDk nfdf] ;dosf] cGt/fndf uP klg o;n] k'¥ofpg] Iflt eofjx x'G5 / hgwgsf] Iflt csNkgLo x'g;S5 . e"sDk slxn] hfG5 eGg] hfgsf/L s;}n] klg k|fKt ug{ ;Sb}g / e"sDk Hofb} 5f]6f] ;do hfG5 . 5f]6f] ;do uP klg
o;af6 ljsf;sf clwsf+z ;+/rgf Ifltu|:t x'G5g\ . e"sDkn] cfkm}F dflg; dfb}{g t/ dflg;n] agfPsf ;+/rgf elTsFbf To;df k/]/ dfgjLo Iflt x'G5 .
e"sDkaf6 Iflt w]/} x'g] x'Fbf k'gM:yfkg tyf k'glg{df{0fdf 7"nf] vr{ nfU5 / ;do klg w]/} nfU5 .
klZrd g]kfnsf 8f]6L, cf5fd, sflnsf]6, hfh/sf]6,s}nfnL / afFs]df Ù To:t} k'jL{ t/fO{sf /f}tx6, wg'iff,;Kt/L / df]/ªdf dfxfdf/Laf6 $)) eGbf a9Lsf]d[To' ePsf] 5 . of] tYofÍn] oL lhNnfx¿dfxfdf/Lu|:t If]qleq /x]sf 5g\ eGg] k'li6 ub{5 .
DofUbL, sf:sL, :ofªhf, wflbË, l;Gw'kfNrf]s, dsjfgk'/, vf]6fª, tfKn]h'ª nufotsf cf7j6f kxf8L lhNnfx¿df klx/f]sf] sf/0f 7'nf] ;+Vofdf dfgjLo Iflt ePsf] 5 .
af9Ln] g]kfnsf] t/fO If]qnfO{ a9L k|efljt u/]sf] 5 /dWodf~rn ljsf; If]qsf] dsjfgk'/ / ;nf{xL lhNnfdf w]/}n] Hofg u'dfPsf 5g\ .
k|sf]kn] cfly{s x|f; lgDTofpF5 eGg] s'/fnfO{ gsfg{ ;lsFb}g . g]kfndf d'VotM af9L, klx/f] / cfunfuLaf6 ;DklQsf] Iflt x'g] u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 .
klx/f]n] dfxfef/t If]qsf sf:sL, :ofªhf, wflbª, / dsjfgk'/df a9L ejgx? Iflt u/]sf] 5 .
t/fO If]qdf cfunfuL 7'nf];d:ofsf] ¿kdf /x]sf] 5 . vf;u/Lemfkf, df]/ª, ;'G;/L, l;/fxf, wg'iff,dxf]Q/L, k;f{, slknj:t' / afFs]nufotsf lhNnfx¿df cfunfuLaf67'nf] ;+Vofdf ejgx? gi6 ePsf 5g\ .
Efmfkf, df]/ª, l;/fxf,dsjfgk'/, l;Gw'nL, lrtjg,gjnk/f;L, ?kGb]xL, slknj:t'nufot t/fOsf lhNnfx?dfaf9Ln] 7'nf] ;+Vofdf ejgx?gi6 ePsf 5g\ .
For more information on DRR please contact any of the partners
European Commission Humanitarian Aid department (ECHO) Nepal977 1 4439120
www.ec.europa.eu/echo
Australian Government (AusAID)977 1 4371678
www.ausaid.gov.au
Ministry of Home Affairs (MOHA)977 1 4211219/4211200
www.moha.gov.np
Association of International NGOs (AIN)977 1 4222271/4222247
www.ain.org.np
UNDP Nepal/UNDP-BPCR977 1 5523200
www.undp.org.np
ActionAid Nepal977 1 4436477/4421232www.actionaid.org/nepal
CARE Nepal977 1 5522800/5522153
www.carenepal.org
Handicap International977 1 4378482/4374609
www.handicap-international.org
Mercy Corps977 1 5555532
www.mercycorps.org/countries/nepal
Practical Action977 1 4446015/4434482www.practical action.org
Oxfam International977 1 5530574/5542881
www.oxfam.org
DPNet Nepal977 1 4672165/6226613
www.dpnet.org.np
National Society for Earthquake Technology (NSET)977 1 5591000
www.nset.org.np
Nepal Red Cross Society (NRCS)977 1 4270650/4273734
www.nrcs.org
Co-Action Nepal977 56533168
www.nepaldisaster.org
ECO Nepal977 1 4435844
www.econepal.org
Working Together… for a Risk Resilient Nepal