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Dr.$Satoshi$Inoue$

Professor,$Na4onal$Graduate$Ins4tute$for$Policy$Studies$(GRIPS)$Emeritus$Secretary$General,$Interna4onal$Associa4on$of$$

Ports$&$Harbors$(IAPH)$

The 6th Young Leaders Training & Research Program Hawaii, USA, August 6, 2010

globa�

Dr Satoshi Inoue, GRIPS 2

Globaliza4on$and$Ports�Globaliza4on$�

Growth$of$Mari4me$$Trade$�

Port$Capacity$$$Produc4vity�

Global$Supply$Chain$�

Port$Reform$Landlord$Port$�

Port$as$Logis4cs$Center$�

InterLPort$Compe44on$�

$Ship$size$growth$Hub$&$spoke�

Partnership$with$Private$

Sector$�

Unprecedented$growth$of$$mari4me$trade$

�World$Mari4me$Trade$� 1980��3.70$(billion$tons)$

� 1990��4.01$� 2000��5.98$

� 2005��7.11$

� 2007��7.88$

�World$Container$Traffic$� 1980��0.37$(100$mil$teu)$

� 1990��0.86$

� 2000��2.32$

� 2005��3.92$

� 2007��4.81$


Container Traffic

World DGP

Maritime Trade

(100=1980)�

Containeriza4on$“Box”$has$changed$the$world$20]$container$(20$x$8$x$8)$TEU:$twentyLfoot$equivalent$unit$$

40]$container$(40$x$8$x$8)$FEU:$2xTEU$


Revolu4on$in$freight$transport$

�How$revolu4onary?$$�Handling$efficiency$

�Labor$efficiency$

�Damage$$�Pilferage,$security$$

�Temperature$control$(reefer)$

�Mul4Lmodal$transport$


Making$possible$“true”$mul4Lmodal$transporta4on$through$ports$


Trends$of$container$ship$sizes$


Source: Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, Japan

Carrying capacity (teu)

8,000

7,000

6,000

5,000

4,000

3,000

2,000

1,000

0 738

752 1,096 2,500

4,258

4,300

4,600

4,700 4,950

6,400

7,060

9,000

10,000

11,000

2010 2005 2000 1985 1990 1995 1980 1975 1970 1965 1960

Largest Ship Size delivered 8,200

9,200

14,000

2015

Port$reforms$in$response$to$globaliza4on$�Needs$for$port$development$$

�Expanding$port%capacity%by$new$or$reLdevelopment$$$$�Improving$efficiency%&%produc0vity$of$terminal$opera4ons$

�Needs$for$changes$in$port$“business$model”$�Strengthening$&$diversifying$financial%sources$for$port$development$

�Introducing$upLtoLdated$know7how%&%technology$for$terminal$opera4ons$

�Providing$customer7oriented$port$services$�Gedng$rid$of$bureaucra0c$rules$&$procedures$$�Making$the$port$responsive$to$the$market$


Port$Reform:$types$of$port$priva4za4on$

: public� : private�

Regula0on�Infra7%

Structure�Super7

Structure�Cargo7handling%�

Service%Port%�

Tool%Port�

Landlord%Port�

Private%Port�

9 Dr Satoshi Inoue, GRIPS

Port$reforms$around$the$world$

1980’-1990’ 2000’-

Europe UK Spain, Italy, Greece, Poland

France, Netherlands, Belgium, Germany

Africa Nigeria, South Africa, Senegal, Egypt, Djibouti

Asia Singapore, Malaysia, India, Pakistan, Indonesia, Thailand

Korea, China

Oceania Australia, New Zealand

Americas Canada Mexico, Chile, Peru, Argentina

10

Port$“Priva0za0on”$towards$“Landlord$Port”$Port$$“Corpora0za0on”$towards$“More$Autonomy”�

Dr Satoshi Inoue, GRIPS

Integra4ng$logis4cs$ac4vi4es$into$supply$chain$system$� Supply$Chain$Management$

� Op#miza#on*of$total$logis4cs$system$� Not$just$cost*&*#me*at$port$terminals,$but$also$

predictability%&%traceability%of$en4re$cargo$flow$are$cri4cal$for$SCM��

��


Factory/ Distribution center

Factory/ Distribution center

PORT PORT

Shipping

Suppliers Retailers

New$business$model$of$port$�Tradi4onal$port$business$model$

�Port:$“Interface”$between$shipping$and$land$transporta4on$

�Goal:$to$provide$quick$port$services$with$low$price$

�Emerging$port$business$model$�Port:$“Logis4cs$Center”$or$“Logis4cs$Hub”$in$global$supply$chain$systems$

�Goal:$to$provide$integrated$&$seamless$logis4cs$systems$and$logis4cs$valueLadded$services$$


Transforming$a$port$into$$“logis4cs$center” in supply chain$�Innova4ve$terminals$

�Logis4cs$parks/zones$�Advanced$hinterland$access$�IT$system$&$infrastructure$

$$$PPP*projects*


SustainabilityLlicense$to$operate$ports$�Global$Warming$

�Port$Climate$Programs$�Onshore$Power$Supply,$Ship$speed$reduc4on,$etc.$� Electrifica4on$of$cargo$handling$equipment,$etc.$

�Green$logis4cs$systems$�Modal$shi]$from$trucks$to$rail$and$inland$shipping$$� EcoLmileage,$logis4cs$carbon$footprint$

�Logis4cs$Security$�Port$security$system$

� SOLASLISPS$Code$

�Supply$chain$security$$� Authorized$Economic$Operator$(AEO)$


Sustainability$&$port$management$�“Sustainability”$becomes$a$central$part$of$port$$management$system$and$strategy$�Not$tradeLoff$but$goLtogether$with$port$business$�Provide$incen4ves$to$program$par4cipants$$

�“Sustainability”$accelerates$intraLregional$economic$ac4vi4es$�Increasing$importance$of$“regional$logis4cs$system”$$�Integra4ng$local$or$fragmented$logis4cs$systems$

�Coopera4on$between$ports$and$logis4cs$players$


Partnership$with$Private$Sector��Port$strategies$to$accelerate$the$PPP$approach$$

�Strengthening$its$market$posi4on$through$partnership$with$private$sectors$

�Gaining$freedom$to$choose$bestLmixed$op4ons$through$port$reforms$

�New$opportuni4es$for$PPP$projects$�Terminal$development$&$opera4ons$(lease,$BOT,$etc.)$

�Development$of$Logis4cs$Parks$�Hinterland$Assess$Projects$(development$of$highways/$railroads,$dedicated$shukle$service,$etc.)$

�Informa4on$Service$Systems$(port$community$system,$etc.)�


For Contact:

Dr. Satoshi Inoue, Professor National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies (GRIPS) 7-22-1 Roppongi, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan 106-8677 Email: [email protected] Tel: +81-3-6439-6127

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