Drug card:

1. Vitamin B complex (Neurobian)

Deficiencies of vitamin B12 can result of low dietary level or more commonly poor absorption

level of vitamin due failure of gastric parietal cell it produce the intrinsic factor or loss of activity

of the receptor.

Uses

It is used in megaloblastic anemia which is treated with folic acid,

It is also used in pernicious anemia

It also uses in woman who are week during pregnancy

Side effect

The vitamin are nontoxic even the large doses produce nausea vomiting, headache, rhinitis.

2. Ranitidine, famotidine (Zantec)

It belong to H2 blocker in this group four drugs are present famotidine, ranitidine, cimetidine,

nizatidine. It is histamine receptor antagonist act selectively on H2 receptor in stomach and

blood vesicles and other site, but they have no effect on H1 receptor, they are competitive

antagonist of histamine receptor.

Uses

It is used in peptic ulcer in promoting the healing of duodenal and gastric ulcer if patient

have ulcer due to NSAID for that proton pump inhibitor are used because that prevent the

future healing.

It also used in acute stress ulcer.

It also used in gastro-esophageal reflux disease famotidine are the best choice drugs.

Adverse Effect

The common side effect is dizziness diarrhea, and muscular pain. On CNS is confusion

and hallucination. It also produce gynecomastia in male.

3. Dicloran or Dyclo (Diclofenac)

It belong to NSAID group every drugs in this group is dissimilar from other it show anti-

inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic action. It also increase the alveolar ventilation

phosphorylation which leads to elevated CO2 and increased respiration.

Uses

It show three action

Anti-inflammatory

Anti-analgesic

Anti-Pyretic

Adverse Effect

In gastric it produce epigastric distress nausea, vomiting.

It also irreversible acetylation of platelets reduce the platelets levels.

It also cause respiratory depression

It also produce allergic reaction.

Sometime it also produce Rey syndrome.

Aspirin is not used in woman.

4. Dexamethasone

It is a corticosteroid. The adrenal gland consist of cortex and medulla the later secrete

epinephrine and cortex produce two major hormone glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid,

Dexamethasone belong to glucocorticoid.

Uses

It always use in allergy reaction

It also inhibit the inflammation

It also regulator the lungs maturation in fetus

Side Effect

Decrease growth in children, glaucoma, and centripetal distribution of body fat.

Increase risk of infection, hirsutism, and peptic ulcer.

Hypokalemia, sometime it also show withdrawal effect

5. Humulin (Insulin) This man-made insulin product is the same as human insulin. It replaces the insulin that

your body would normally make. It is a short-acting insulin. It works by helping blood

sugar (glucose) get into cells so your body can use it for energy.

Uses

Insulin regular is used with a proper diet and exercise program to control high blood

sugar in people with diabetes. Controlling high blood sugar helps prevent kidney damage,

blindness, nerve problems, loss of limbs, and sexual function problems. Proper control

of diabetes may also lessen your risk of a heart attack or stroke.

Side effects:

Injection site reactions (such as pain, redness, irritation) may occur.

This medication can cause low blood sugar (hypoglycemia).

Allergic reactions to this drug are rare however it may cause skin rash over the entire

body, wheezing, trouble breathing, fast heart rate, sweating, or feeling like you might

pass out.

6. Ciprofloxacin

It belong to fluoroquinolone 2nd generation the serum level are achieved in many

infection with the exception of serum infection which is caused by methicillin resistance.

Ciprofloxacin is particularly useful an infection caused by many enterobectereae and

other gram negative bacilli. It also used in diarrhea.

Uses:

Prevention of meningitis

Urinary tract infection i.e. inflammation of kidney, bladder, and urethra

Genital tract infection i.e. inflammation of tastes, and prostate

Enteric fever

Gastroenteritis in adults

Respiratory tract infection i.e. throat infection

STD i.e. gonorrhea and chlamydia

Side Effects:

Can cause headache, insomnia, seizures

Can cause demage to growing cartilage

Photosensitivity

Nausea and vomiting

7. Cefataxine

“CEPHALOSPORIN” the 3rd generation broad spectrum bactericidal antibiotic that blocks the synthesis of cell wall by binding with cephalosporin binding protein (C.B.P) of bacteria and causes their death.

Uses:

Respiratory tract infection i.e. pharyngitis, tonsillitis Ear infection i.e. otitis media UTI STD Septicemia Inflammation of meninges (meningitis) Surgical prophylaxis

Side effect:

Allergic reaction, skin rashes, skin itch Diarrhea, nausea and vomiting Fungal infection of mouth Platelet dysfunction (bleeding tendency)

8. Augmentin: (Combination of clavulanic acid + amoxicillin)

“PENICILLIN” broad spectrum antibiotic that blocks the synthesis of cell wall of bacteria by binding with penicillin binding protein and causes their death.

USES:

Pneumonia Pharyngitis Tonsillitis Otitis media UTI STD (syphilis)

SIDE EFFECTS:

Hypersensitivity Diarrhea Nephritis Hematologic Toxicity Neurotoxicity

9. RINGER LACTATE

Lactated Ringer's is a sterile solution for fluid and electrolyte replenishment. It restores fluid and electrolyte balances.

USES:

Diarrhea Dehydration Fluid loss Heat rush Electrolyte imbalance Hyperthermia and heat stroke

SIDE EFFECTS:

Hypersensitivity reactions, including, laryngeal edema and sneezing Edema Hypercalcemia Hyperkalemia Metabolic alkalosis Fluid Overload

10.NORMAL SALINE

Normal Saline (Sodium Chloride) Injection, it is indicated as a source of water and electrolytes.

0.9% Sodium Chloride (sodium chloride injection)

Uses:

Normal saline is indicated for fluid volume loss i.e.

o trauma,

o burns,

o dehydration,

Side Effects:

Mild irritation at the injection site

allergic reaction

Rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat),

Severe dizziness, 

trouble breathing

11.Gravinate:

Uses:

Gravinate (Dimenhydrinate) is an antihistamine used to prevent and

treat nausea, vomiting and dizziness caused by motion sickness when medication cannot

be given by mouth.

Dimenhydrinate injection should not be used in newborns because of an increased risk of

side effects.

Side Effect:

Drowsiness, 

Constipation,

Blurred Vision,

Dry Mouth/Nose/Throat

12.Metronidazole

Metronidazole is used to treat a variety of infections. It belongs to a class of antibiotics known as nitroimidazoles. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria and protozoa. It is anti-protozoal drug belong to group chemotherapy of giardiasis.

Uses:

It is best choice of drug in protozoal intestinal infection. This infection is occur due to drinking of contaminated water from a stream and also occur due to eating of contaminated food. The other drug are not effective against giardia.

This antibiotic only treats bacterial and protozoal infections. It will not work for viral

infections (e.g., common cold, flu). Unnecessary use or overuse of any antibiotic can lead

to its decreased effectiveness.

Metronidazole can also be used in combination with anti-ulcer medications to treat

certain types of stomach ulcers.Side effects:

Dizziness Headache  Diarrhea Nausea Stomach Pain Loss Of Appetite Constipation Changes In Taste And Dry Mouth

ASCARD (ASPIRIN) TABLETS:

Treatment of aches and pains associated with headache, common cold, and sore throat

and for reduction of fever. It may be used to reduce the risk of death and lessen the

damaging effects of an acute heart attack. It is also used to reduce the risk of heart attacks

and strokes in certain men and women who have already had a heart attack or ischemic

stroke. It may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.

Aspirin is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It works by inhibiting several

different chemical processes within the body that cause pain, inflammation, and fever. It

also reduces the tendency for blood to clot.

Generic Name:

Aspirin enteric coated

 

Indications:

Primary and Secondary prevention from Cardiovascular diseases, Analgesic / Antipyretic

SIDE EFFECTS:

Heartburn

Nausea

Upset stomach