drugs
DESCRIPTION
Drugs. Generic vs Brand Name. Indication: The reason why you would take a medication e.g. an indication for ibuprofen is fever or inflammation Contraindication: The reason you should not take a medication e.g. A contraindication for Accutane is pregnancy. Adverse Effects - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
DrugsDrugs
Generic vs Brand NameGeneric vs Brand Name
Indication:Indication: The reason why you would take a medicationThe reason why you would take a medication e.g. an indication for ibuprofen is fever or inflammatione.g. an indication for ibuprofen is fever or inflammation
Contraindication:Contraindication: The reason you should not take a medicationThe reason you should not take a medication
e.g. A contraindication for Accutane is pregnancy.e.g. A contraindication for Accutane is pregnancy. Adverse EffectsAdverse Effects
Side Effects that can occur if medication is takenSide Effects that can occur if medication is taken e.g. Adverse Effect of Tylenol is hepatotoxicity.e.g. Adverse Effect of Tylenol is hepatotoxicity.
Names for a drug.Names for a drug.
A pharmaceutical company spends millions of dollars and A pharmaceutical company spends millions of dollars and years developing a drug.years developing a drug.
Once it has been approved by the FDA and is patented, Once it has been approved by the FDA and is patented, only that company can produce that drug for 10 years.only that company can produce that drug for 10 years.
The company will create a brand name for the drug The company will create a brand name for the drug (something that is catchy).(something that is catchy).
Once 20 years are over any company may produce that Once 20 years are over any company may produce that drug. It is called the generic.drug. It is called the generic.
Classic example is Ibuprofen (generic name) for Advil or Classic example is Ibuprofen (generic name) for Advil or Motrin (brand name).Motrin (brand name).
Antibiotics (abx)Antibiotics (abx)
Hundreds of types-Most work by destroying the wall of bacteriaHundreds of types-Most work by destroying the wall of bacteria CephalosporinsCephalosporins
Duricef, Keflex, Omnicef, RochephinDuricef, Keflex, Omnicef, Rochephin Macrolids (aka “mycins”)-Mostly used for respiratory infectionsMacrolids (aka “mycins”)-Mostly used for respiratory infections
Erythromycin, Azythromycin (Z-Pak), Clarithromycin (Biaxin)Erythromycin, Azythromycin (Z-Pak), Clarithromycin (Biaxin)
Sulfonamides (aka Sulfa)Sulfonamides (aka Sulfa) Bactrim and SeptraBactrim and Septra Used commonly for UTIs and Skin Abscesses Used commonly for UTIs and Skin Abscesses
QuinolonesQuinolones Cipro and Levaquin are most commonCipro and Levaquin are most common
PenicillinPenicillin Oldest abxOldest abx Amoxycillin, Ampicillin, Augmenting are common variationsAmoxycillin, Ampicillin, Augmenting are common variations
Drugs 1. Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid aka ASA)
Is an anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, and analgesic (pain) However, causes stomach ulcers Kids with a virus shouldn’t take it; Reyes Syndrome
2. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) Is a anti-pyretic and analgesic, but not an anti-inflammatory
3. Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) Super great anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic and analgesic It is an NSAID (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug)
4. Steroids (e.g. Prednisone) Great anti-inflammatory, but not a anti-pyretic or analgesic Long-term dangers
Non-drug therapy R.I.C.E. (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation)
Pain MedicationsPain Medications
MorphineMorphine Made from opium, like heroine.Made from opium, like heroine. Commonly given IV or IM.Commonly given IV or IM.
Hydrocodone and OxycodoneHydrocodone and Oxycodone Commonly mixed with Tylenol Commonly mixed with Tylenol
(Acetaminophen) in the brand names (Acetaminophen) in the brand names Vicodin Vicodin and and LortabLortab
Most commonly given orallyMost commonly given orally Both are highly addictiveBoth are highly addictive
DiabetesDiabetes
1.Insulin shots or pumps1.Insulin shots or pumps Humulog and Novolog are most popularHumulog and Novolog are most popular
2. Metformin (Glucophage)2. Metformin (Glucophage) is most is most commonly orally prescribed DM drug.commonly orally prescribed DM drug.
HypertensionHypertension
HydrochlorothiazideHydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) is oldest (HCTZ) is oldest HTN drugHTN drug
NorvascNorvasc Ace Inhibitors are the most commonAce Inhibitors are the most common
DiovanDiovan and and LisinoprilLisinopril are most are most ubiquitousubiquitous
The “lols” are common as well. The “lols” are common as well. MetoprololMetoprolol and and AtenololAtenolol
HyperlipidemiaHyperlipidemia
High cholesterol drugs destroy the High cholesterol drugs destroy the cells in your liver that make cells in your liver that make cholesterol.cholesterol.
The Statin family of drugs are the The Statin family of drugs are the most commonmost common LipitorLipitor CrestorCrestor SimvastatinSimvastatin ZocorZocor
Water RetentionWater Retention
Diuretic, used for water retentionDiuretic, used for water retention Lasix (Furosemide)Lasix (Furosemide)
Blood ThinnersBlood Thinners
These drugs are given to people who These drugs are given to people who have a hx of blood clots. have a hx of blood clots.
Used to prevent heart attack and Used to prevent heart attack and strokesstrokes
Coumadin (Warfarin) is ancient.Coumadin (Warfarin) is ancient. HeparinHeparin PlavixPlavix
BradycardiaBradycardia
Used to speed up heart rateUsed to speed up heart rate AtropineAtropine Epinephrine (Adrenaline)Epinephrine (Adrenaline)
Stomach BugStomach Bug
PhenerganPhenergan Super-popular and ancient med given Super-popular and ancient med given
for nausea, anti-emesis.for nausea, anti-emesis. Given orally, IM, and suppositoriesGiven orally, IM, and suppositories
Anti-inflammationAnti-inflammation
Non-steroidalNon-steroidal Ibuprofen (Ibuprofen (MotrinMotrin or or AdvilAdvil)) Naproxen (Aleve)Naproxen (Aleve)
Both relieve pain, inflammation and feverBoth relieve pain, inflammation and fever
SteroidsSteroids PrednisonePrednisone CortisoneCortisone
These only reduce inflammationThese only reduce inflammation
HypothyroidismHypothyroidism
SynthroidSynthroid ( (Levothyroxine)Levothyroxine) is drug of is drug of choice.choice.
Muscle RelaxantMuscle Relaxant
Valium (Diazepam) is classic drugValium (Diazepam) is classic drug Makes you sleepy and is addictiveMakes you sleepy and is addictive Comes from the Benzodiazepine family Comes from the Benzodiazepine family
of drugsof drugs
Mental HealthMental Health Any medication that is used to alter your behavior is called a Psychotropic Any medication that is used to alter your behavior is called a Psychotropic
medication.medication. SSRI family (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors)SSRI family (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors)
PaxilPaxil ProzacProzac ZoloftZoloft They increase the amount of serotonin neurotransmitter in the synaptic They increase the amount of serotonin neurotransmitter in the synaptic
cleft between neuronscleft between neurons Adverse Effects: Homocidal and Suicidal ideationAdverse Effects: Homocidal and Suicidal ideation
SNRI family (Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors)SNRI family (Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors) Slightly less side effectsSlightly less side effects EffexorEffexor CymbaltaCymbalta
SSRI and SNRIs used for depression, OCD, SSRI and SNRIs used for depression, OCD, AnxietyAnxiety
XanaxXanax is the main choice is the main choice Xanax is a benzoXanax is a benzo
InsomniaInsomnia Ambien- Night terrors, sexsomnia adverse effectsAmbien- Night terrors, sexsomnia adverse effects LunestaLunesta SomaSoma
GERDGERD
Most common drugs used for GERD Most common drugs used for GERD and ulcersand ulcers NexiumNexium PrilosecPrilosec (Omeprazole) (Omeprazole)
OthersOthers
Anti-virals (Mono, Herpes, Shingles,etc)Anti-virals (Mono, Herpes, Shingles,etc) ValtrexValtrex AcyclovirAcyclovir
Anti-fungals (Thrush, Athlete’s Foot, etc)Anti-fungals (Thrush, Athlete’s Foot, etc) NystatinNystatin
Bronchodilators (used for asthma treatment)Bronchodilators (used for asthma treatment) AlbuterolAlbuterol inhaler inhaler SingulairSingulair AdvairAdvair
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Classic anti-histamine drug used to reduce inflammationClassic anti-histamine drug used to reduce inflammation Makes you very sleepyMakes you very sleepy
Top 10 Drugs
1. Hydrocodone (combined with acetaminophen) -- 131.2 million prescriptions
2. Generic Zocor (simvastatin), -- 94.1 million prescriptions
3. Lisinopril , -- 87.4 million prescriptions 4. Synthroid (levothyroxine sodium), -- 70.5 million
prescriptions 5. Norvasc (amlodipine besylate), 57.2 million
prescriptions 6. Prilosec (omeprazole), an antacid drug -- 53.4 million
prescriptions (does not include over-the-counter sales) 7. Azithromycin (brand names include Z-Pak and
Zithromax), -- 52.6 million prescriptions 8. Amoxicillin (various brand names) -- 52.3 million
prescriptions 9. Glucophage (metformin), -- 48.3 million
prescriptions 10. Hydrochlorothiazide (various brand names), 47.8
million prescriptions.
Name a Drug Invent a drug with a brand name and generic What is the drug for? What disease or organ
system? Invent indications and contraindications Invent Adverse Effects (Death, 2nd Head
Development, Diphallia). Present powerpoint; afterwards you will make
a skit/commercial for your drug similar to the ones you see on TV listing the aforementioned.
Be creative!