dse history

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DSE History History It first incorporated as East Pakistan Stock Exchange Association Ltd in 28 April 1954 and started formal trading in 1956. It was renamed as East Pakistan Stock Exchange Ltd in 23 June 1962. Again renamed as DHAKA Stock Exchange Ltd in 13 May 1964. After the liberation war in 1971 the trading was discontinued for five years. In 1976 trading restarted in Bangladesh. In 16 September 1986 was started. The formula for calculating DSE all share price index was changed according to IFC in 1 November 1993. The automated trading was initiated in 10 August 1998. In 1 January 2001 was started. Central Depository System was initiated in 24 January 2004. As of November 16, 2009, the benchmark index of the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) crossed 4000 points for the first time, setting another new high at 4148 points.In 2010, the index crossed 8500 points and finally crashed in the first quarter of 2011. Millions of investors lost their money and came to the street. Regulators along with speculators made this bubble that finally crashed. Formation Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) is a public limited company. It is formed and managed under Company Act 1994, Security and Exchange Commission Act 1993, Security and Exchange Commission Regulation 1994, and Security Exchange (Inside Trading) regulation 1994. The issued capital of this company is Tk. 500,000 which is divided up to 250 shares each pricing Tk. 2000. No individual or firm can buy more than one share. According to stock market rule only members can participate in the floor and can buy shares for himself or his clients. At present it has 230 members. Market capitalization of the Dhaka Stock Exchange reached nearly $9 billion in September 2007 and $27.4 billion on Dec 9, 2009. Management

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Page 1: DSE History

DSE History

History

It first incorporated as East Pakistan Stock Exchange Association Ltd in 28 April 1954 and started formal trading in 1956. It was renamed as East Pakistan Stock Exchange Ltd in 23 June 1962. Again renamed as DHAKA Stock Exchange Ltd in 13 May 1964. After the liberation war in 1971 the trading was discontinued for five years. In 1976 trading restarted in Bangladesh. In 16 September 1986 was started. The formula for calculating DSE all share price index was changed according to IFC in 1 November 1993. The automated trading was initiated in 10 August 1998. In 1 January 2001 was started. Central Depository System was initiated in 24 January 2004. As of November 16, 2009, the benchmark index of the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) crossed 4000 points for the first time, setting another new high at 4148 points.In 2010, the index crossed 8500 points and finally crashed in the first quarter of 2011. Millions of investors lost their money and came to the street. Regulators along with speculators made this bubble that finally crashed.

Formation

Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) is a public limited company. It is formed and managed under Company Act 1994, Security and Exchange Commission Act 1993, Security and Exchange Commission Regulation 1994, and Security Exchange (Inside Trading) regulation 1994. The issued capital of this company is Tk. 500,000 which is divided up to 250 shares each pricing Tk. 2000. No individual or firm can buy more than one share. According to stock market rule only members can participate in the floor and can buy shares for himself or his clients. At present it has 230 members. Market capitalization of the Dhaka Stock Exchange reached nearly $9 billion in September 2007 and $27.4 billion on Dec 9, 2009.

Management

The management and operation of Dhaka Stock Exchange is entrusted on a 25 members Board of Director. Among them 12 are elected from DSE members, another 12 are selected from different trade bodies and relevant organizations. The CEO is the 25th ex-officio member of the board. The following organizations are currently holding positions in DSE Board:

Bangladesh Bank ICB President of Institute of Chartered Accountants of Bangladesh President of Federation of Bangladesh Chambers of Commerce and Industries President of Metropolitan Chambers of Commerce and Industries Professor of Finance Department of Dhaka University President of DCCI (Dhaka Chamber of Commerce and Industry)

 

Page 2: DSE History

DSE at a glance Incorporated as East Pakistan Stock Exchange Association Ltd.: 28th April 1954Start of Formal Trading: 1956Renamed as East Pakistan Stock Exchange Ltd.: 23rd June 1962Renamed as Dacca Stock Exchange Ltd.: 13th May 1964Trading Suspended under new State Policy: 16th December 1971Trading Resumed in Bangladesh: 16 August 1976Starting Of All Share price Index calculation: 16th September 1986Share price Indices calculation on basis of IFC Designed formula: 1st November 1993Starting of Automated trading: 10th August 1998Starting Of DSE-20 Index calculation: January 2001Starting Of DSE General Index calculation: 27th November 2001Start of CDS through CDBL: 24th January 2004DSE All share price Index (DSI) Re introduced: 28th March 2005

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Listed Company of DSE

ABBANK (AB Bank Limited ) ACI (ACI Limited. ) ACIFORMULA (ACI Formulations Limited ) ACIZCBOND (ACI 20% Convertible Zero Coupon Bonds ) ACTIVEFINE (Active Fine Chemicals Limited ) AFTABAUTO (Aftab Automobiles ) AGNISYSL (Agni Systems Ltd. ) AGRANINS (Agrani Insurance Co. Ltd. ) AIBL1STIMF (AIBL 1st Islamic Mutual Fund ) AIMS1STMF (Aims 1st M.F. ) AL-HAJTEX (Al-Haj Textile ) ALARABANK (Al-Arafah Islamic Bank ) ALLTEX (Alltex Industries Ltd. ) AMBEEPHA (Ambee Pharma ) AMCL(PRAN) (AMCL (Pran) ) ANLIMAYARN (Anlima Yarn Dyeing Ltd. ) ANWARGALV (Anwar Galvanizing ) APEXADELFT (Apex Adelchi Footwear Ltd. ) APEXFOODS (Apex Foods ) APEXSPINN (Apex Spinning & Knitting Mills Limited ) APEXTANRY (Apex Tannery ) ARAMIT (Aramit ) ARAMITCEM (Aramit Cement ) ASIAINS (Asia Insurance Limited ) ASIAPACINS (Asia Pacific General Insurance Co. Ltd. ) ATLASBANG (Atlas Bangladesh ) AZIZPIPES (Aziz Pipes )

BANGAS (Bangas ) BANKASIA (Bank Asia Ltd. ) BATASHOE (Bata Shoe ) BATBC (BATBC ) BAYLEASING (Bay Leasing & Investment Limited ) BDAUTOCA (BD.Autocars ) BDCOM (BDCOM Online Ltd. ) BDFINANCE (Bangladesh Finance and Investment Co.Ltd ) BDLAMPS (Bangladesh Lamps ) BDSERVICE (Bangladesh Services Ltd. ) BDTHAI (Bd.Thai Aluminium )

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BDWELDING (Bd. Welding Electrodes ) BEACHHATCH (Beach Hatchery Ltd. ) BEACONPHAR (Beacon Pharmaceuticals Limited ) BEDL (Barakatullah Electro Dynamics Ltd. ) BERGERPBL (Berger Paints Bangladesh Ltd. ) BEXIMCO (BEXIMCO ) BEXTEX (BEXTEX Ltd. ) BGIC (BGIC ) BIFC (Bangladesh Industrial Fin. Co. Ltd. ) BOC (BOC Bangladesh ) BRACBANK (BRAC Bank Ltd. ) BRACSCBOND (Sub 25% Convertible Bonds of BRAC Bank L ) BSC (BSC ) BSRMSTEEL (BSRM Steels Limited ) BXPHARMA (Beximco Pharma ) BXSYNTH (Beximco Synthetics )

CENTRALINS (Central Insurance ) CITYBANK (City Bank ) CITYGENINS (City General Insurance Co. Ltd. ) CMCKAMAL (CMC Kamal ) CONFIDCEM (Confidence Cement ) CONTININS (Continental Insurance Ltd. ) CTGVEG (Chittagong Vegetable )

DACCADYE (The Dacca Dyeing & Manufacturing Co.Ltd. ) DAFODILCOM (Daffodil Computers Ltd. ) DBH (Delta Brac Housing Finance Corp. Ltd. ) DBH1STMF (DBH First Mutual Fund ) DEBARACEM (Aramit Cement Ltd.(Deb-14%) ) DEBBDLUGG (Bangladesh Luggage Ind. Ltd.(Deb-14%) ) DEBBDWELD (BD Welding Electrodes Ltd.(Deb-15%) ) DEBBDZIPP (Bangladesh Zipper Ind. Ltd.(Deb-14%) ) DEBBXDENIM (Beximco Denims Ltd.(Deb-14%) ) DEBBXFISH (Beximco Fisheries Ltd.(Deb-14%) ) DEBBXKNI (Beximco Knitting Ltd.(Deb-14%) ) DEBBXTEX (Beximco Textiles Ltd.(Deb-14%) ) DELTALIFE (Delta Life Insurance ) DELTASPINN (Delta Spinners Ltd. ) DESCO (Dhaka Electric Supply Company Ltd. ) DESHBANDHU (Deshbandhu Polymer Limited )

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DHAKABANK (Dhaka Bank ) DHAKAINS (Dhaka Insurance Limited ) DSHGARME (Desh Garmants ) DULAMIACOT (Dulamia Cotton ) DUTCHBANGL (Dutch-Bangla Bank )

EASTERNINS (Eastern Insurance ) EASTLAND (Eastland Insurance ) EASTRNLUB (Eastern Lubricants ) EBL (Eastern Bank ) EBL1STMF (EBL First Mutual Fund ) EBLNRBMF (EBL NRB Mutual Fund ) ECABLES (Eastern Cables ) EHL (Eastern Housing ) EXIMBANK (Export Import (Exim) Bank of Bangladesh )

FAREASTLIF (Fareast Islami Life Insurance Co. Ltd. ) FASFIN (FAS Finance & Investment Limited ) FEDERALINS (Federal Insurance ) FINEFOODS (Fine Foods Limited ) FIRSTSBANK (First Security Islami Bank Limited ) FLEASEINT (First Lease Finance and Investment Ltd. ) FUWANGCER (Fu-Wang Ceramic ) FUWANGFOOD (Fu Wang Food )

GEMINISEA (Gemini Sea Food ) GLAXOSMITH (Glaxo SmithKline ) GLOBALINS (Global Insurance Ltd. ) GOLDENSON (Golden Son Ltd. ) GP (Grameenphone Ltd. ) GQBALLPEN (GQ Ball Pen ) GRAMEEN1 (Grameen Mutual Fund One ) GRAMEENS2 (Grameen One : Scheme Two ) GREENDELMF (Green Delta Mutual Fund ) GREENDELT (Green Delta Insurance )

HAKKANIPUL (Hakkani Pulp & Paper )

HEIDELBCEM (Heidelberg Cement Bd. ) HRTEX (H.R.Textile )

IBBLPBOND (IBBL Mudaraba Perpetual Bond )

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IBNSINA (The Ibn Sina ) ICB (ICB ) ICB1STNRB (ICB AMCL 1st NRB Mutual Fund ) ICB2NDNRB (ICB AMCL 2nd NRB Mutual Fund ) ICB3RDNRB (ICB AMCL Third NRB Mutual Fund ) ICBAMCL1ST (ICB AMCL 1st M.F. ) ICBAMCL2ND (ICB AMCL Second Mutual Fund ) ICBEPMF1S1 (ICB Employees Provident MF 1: Scheme 1 ) ICBIBANK (ICB Islamic Bank Limited ) ICBISLAMIC (ICB AMCL Islamic Mutual Fund ) IDLC (IDLC Finance Ltd. ) IFIC (IFIC Bank ) IFIC1STMF (IFIC Bank 1st Mutual Fund ) IFILISLMF1 (IFIL Islamic Mutual Fund-1 ) ILFSL (International Leasing & Financial Serv.L ) IMAMBUTTON (Imam Button ) INTECH (In Tech Online Ltd. ) IPDC (Industrial Prom. & Dev. Co. of BD Ltd. ) ISLAMIBANK (Islami Bank ) ISLAMICFIN (Islamic Finance & Investment Ltd. ) ISLAMIINS (Islami Insurance Bangladesh Limited ) ISNLTD (Information Services Network )

JAMUNABANK (Jamuna Bank Ltd. ) JAMUNAOIL (Jamuna Oil Company Limited ) JANATAINS (Janata Insurance ) JUTESPINN (Jute Spinners )

KARNAPHULI (Karnaphuli Insurance ) KAY&QUE (Kay and Que ) KEYACOSMET (Keya Cosmetics ) KOHINOOR (Kohinoor Chemicals ) KPCL (Khulna Power Company Limited )

LAFSURCEML (LAFARGE SURMA CEMENT LTD. ) LANKABAFIN (LankaBangla Finance ltd. ) LEGACYFOOT (Legacy Footwear ) LIBRAINFU (Libra Infusions Limited )

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Listed Company of CSE

MAKSONSPIN (Maksons Spinning Mills Limited ) MALEKSPIN (Malek Spinning Mills Ltd. ) MARICO (Marico Bangladesh Limited ) MBL1STMF (MBL 1st Mutual Fund ) MEGCONMILK (Meghna Condensed Milk ) MEGHNACEM (Meghna Cement ) MEGHNALIFE (Meghna Life Insurance Co. Ltd. ) MEGHNAPET (Meghna Pet Industries ) MERCANBANK (Mercantile Bank Ltd. ) MERCINS (Mercantile Insurance Co. Ltd. ) METROSPIN (Metro Spinning ) MICEMENT (M.I. Cement Factory Limited ) MIDASFIN (MIDAS Financing Ltd. ) MIRACLEIND (Miracle Ind. ) MITHUNKNIT (Mithun Knitting ) MJLBD (MJL Bangladesh Limited ) MODERNDYE (Modern Dyeing & Screen Printing Ltd. ) MONNOCERA (Monno Ceramic ) MONNOJTX (Monno Jutex ) MONNOSTAF (Monno Jute Stafflers ) MPETROLEUM (Meghna Petroleum Limited ) MTBL (Mutual Trust Bank Ltd. )

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NATLIFEINS (National Life Insurance ) NAVANACNG (Navana CNG Limited ) NBL (NBL ) NCCBANK (NCCBL ) NHFIL (National Housing Fin. and Inv. Ltd. ) NITOLINS (Nitol Insurance Co. Ltd. ) NORTHERN (Northern Jute Manufacturing Co. Ltd. ) NORTHRNINS (Northern General Insurance Company Ltd. ) NPOLYMAR (National Polymer ) NTC (National Tea ) NTLTUBES (National Tubes ) SAFKOSPINN (Safko Spinnings ) SAIHAMTEX (Saiham Textile ) SALAMCRST (S. Alam Cold Rolled Steels Ltd. ) SALVOCHEM (Salvo Chemical Industry Limited ) SAMATALETH (Samata Leather Complex Ltd. ) SAMORITA (Samorita Hospital ) SANDHANINS (Sandhani Life Insurance ) SAPORTL (Summit Alliance Port Limited ) SAVAREFR (Savar Refractories ) SEBL1STMF (Southeast Bank 1st Mutual Fund ) SHAHJABANK (Shahjalal Islami Bank Ltd. ) SHYAMPSUG (Shyampur Sugar Mills Ltd. ) SIBL (Social Islami Bank Limited ) SINGERBD (Singer Bangladesh ) SINOBANGLA (Sinobangla Industries ) SONALIANSH (Sonali Aansh ) SONARBAINS (Sonar Bangla Insurance Ltd. ) SONARGAON (Sonargaon Textiles ) SOUTHEASTB (Southeast Bank ) SPCERAMICS (Shinepukur Ceramics Limited ) SQUARETEXT (Square Textile ) SQURPHARMA (Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd. ) STANCERAM (Standard Ceramic ) STANDARINS (Standard Insurance Limited ) STANDBANKL (Standard Bank Limited ) STYLECRAFT (Stylecraft Limited ) SUMITPOWER (Summit Power Limited )

PADMAOIL (Padma Oil Co. ) PARAMOUNT (Paramount Insurance Company Ltd. ) PEOPLESINS (Peoples Insurance )

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PF1STMF (Phoenix Finance 1st Mutual Fund )PHARMAID (Parma Aids ) PHENIXINS (Phoenix Insurance ) PHOENIXFIN (Phoenix Finance and Investments Ltd. )

Listing Regulation of SECSecurities and Exchange Commission Regulations

Part 200 Organization; Conduct and Ethics; and Information and Requests

Part 201 Rules of Practice

Part 202 Informal and Other Procedures

Part 203 Rules Relating to Investigations

Part 204 Rules Relating to Debt Collection

Part 205 Standards of Professional Conduct for Attorneys Appearing and Practicing Before the Commission in the Representation of an Issuer

Part 209 Electronic Code of Federal Regulations (e-CFR) Listing of Forms Prescribed under the Commission's Rules of Practice

Part 210 Form and Content of and Requirements for Financial Statements, Securities Act of 1933, Securities Exchange Act of 1934, Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935, Investment Company Act of 1940, Investment Advisers Act of 1940, and Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975

Part 211 Index of Interpretations Relating to Financial Reporting Matters

Part 228 Integrated Disclosure System for Small Business Issuers

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Part 229 Standard Instructions for Filing Forms Under Securities Act of 1933, Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 — Regulation S-K

Securities Act of 1933

Part 230 General Rules and Regulations

Part 231 Index of Interpretive Releases

Part 232 Regulation S-T — General Rules and Regulations for Electronic Filings

Part 239 e-CFR Forms Listing PDF Versions of SEC Forms

Trust Indenture Act of 1939

Part 260 General Rules and Regulations

Part 261 Index of Interpretive Releases

Part 269 e-CFR Forms ListingPDF Versions of SEC Forms

Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Part 240 General Rules and Regulations

Part 241 Index of Interpretive Releases

Part 242 Regulations M, SHO, ATS, AC, and NMS and Customer Margin Requirements for Security Futures

Part 243 Regulation FD

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Part 244 Regulation G

Part 245 Regulation Blackout Trading Restriction (Regulation BTR — Blackout Trading Restriction)

Part 248 Regulation S-P: Privacy of Consumer Financial Information

Part 249 e-CFR Forms ListingPDF Versions of SEC Forms

Part 249B Further Forms, Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Investment Company Act of 1940

Part 270 General Rules and Regulations

Part 271 Index of Interpretive Releases

Part 274 e-CFR Forms ListingPDF Versions of SEC Forms

Investment Advisers Act of 1940

Part 275 General Rules and Regulations

Part 276 Index of Interpretive Releases

Part 279 e-CFR Forms ListingPDF Versions of SEC Forms

Securities Investor Protection Corporation

Part 300 General Rules and Regulations

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Part 301 e-CFR Forms Listing

Companies recently come to IPO (Last One Year) June 2010 to 2011.

IPOs in Bangladesh stock market is most hottest investment which guarantee you lucrative profits, so please don't miss out from applying in Bangladesh IPOs. Following IPOs are available right now to apply for, you can also contact PO issuers or under-writer directly if you have further questions. And also check education page to learn how to open BO account for online trading and applying for IPOs.

Company nameSubscriptionOpen

SubscriptionClose

Subscriptionclose NRB

Offer price

Reliance Insurance Mutual Fund 2011-05-15 2011-05-22 2011-05-31 10.00

EBL NRB Mutual Fund 2011-03-13 2011-03-31 2011-04-09 10.00

Barakatullah Electro Dynamics Limited 2011-03-06 2011-03-10 2011-03-19 60.00

Southeast Bank 1st Mutual Fund 2011-03-06 2011-03-10 2011-03-19 10.00

Salvo Chemical Industry Limited 2011-01-16 2011-01-20 2011-01-29 10.00

(Book Building) M. I. Cement Factory Limited

2011-01-09 2011-01-13 2011-01-22 111.60

(Book-Building) MJL Bangladesh Limited 2011-01-02 2011-01-06 2011-01-15 152.40

(Book-Building)ALLIANCE HOLDINGS LIMITED

(Book-Building) Ananda Shipyard & Slipways Limited.

(Book-Building) Far East Knitting & Dyeing Industries Limited.

(Book-Building) GMG AIRLINES LIMITED.

(Book-Building)Cotton Mills Limited

(Book-Building) ORION PHARMA LIMITED.

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(Book-Building)PHP FLOAT GLASS INDUSTRIES LTD.

(Book-Building)LankaBangla Securities Limited

(Book-Building)Navana Real Estate Limited

(Book-Building)Unique Hotel & Resorts Limited

MBL 1st Mutual Fund 2010-12-12 2010-12-19 2010-12-28 10.00

BRAC Bank 25% Subordinated Convertible Bonds ( Repeat Public Offering

2010-12-05 2010-12-09 2010-12-18 1000.00

AIBL 1st Islamic Mutual Fund 2010-11-21 2010-11-25 2010-12-04 10.00

Deshbandhu Polymer Limited 2010-10-24 2010-10-28 2010-11-06 10.00

PHP First Mutual Fund 2010-10-03 2010-10-17 2010-10-16 10.00

IFIL Islamic Mutual Fund-1 2010-09-26 2010-09-30 2010-10-09 10.00

Active Fine Chemicals Limited 2010-09-14 2010-09-20 2010-08-29 10.00

Popular Life First Mutual Fund 2010-08-22 2010-08-26 2010-09-04 10.00

Green Delta Mutual Fund 2010-08-10 2010-08-17 2010-08-26 10.00

First Janata Bank Mutual Fund 2010-08-01 2010-08-05 2010-08-14 10.00

Beacon Pharmaceuticals Limited 2010-06-20 2010-06-24 2010-07-03 10.00

Malek Spinning Mills Limited 2010-06-06 2010-06-10 2010-06-19 25.00

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IPO Process

POs generally involve one or more investment banks known as "underwriters". The company offering its shares, called the "issuer", enters a contract with a lead underwriter to sell its shares to the public. The underwriter then approaches investors with offers to sell these shares.

The sale (allocation and pricing) of shares in an IPO may take several forms. Common methods include:

Best efforts contract Firm commitment contract All-or-none contract Bought deal Dutch auction

A large IPO is usually underwritten by a "syndicate" of investment banks led by one or more major investment banks (lead underwriter). Upon selling the shares, the underwriters keep a commission based on a percentage of the value of the shares sold (called the gross spread). Usually, the lead underwriters, i.e. the underwriters selling the largest proportions of the IPO, take the highest commissions—up to 8% in some cases.

Multinational IPOs may have many syndicates to deal with differing legal requirements in both the issuer's domestic market and other regions. For example, an issuer based in the E.U. may be represented by the main selling syndicate in its domestic market, Europe, in addition to separate syndicates or selling groups for US/Canada and for Asia. Usually, the lead underwriter in the main selling group is also the lead bank in the other selling groups.

Because of the wide array of legal requirements and because it is an expensive process, IPOs typically involve one or more law firms with major practices in securities law, such as the Magic Circle firms of London and the white shoe firms of New York City.

Public offerings are sold to both institutional investors and retail clients of underwriters. A licensed securities salesperson ( Registered Representative in the USA and Canada ) selling shares of a public offering to his clients is paid a commission from their dealer rather than their client. In cases where the salesperson is the client's advisor it is notable that the financial incentives of the advisor and client are not aligned.

In the US sales can only be made through a final Prospectus cleared by the Securities and Exchange Commission.

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Investment Dealers will often initiate research coverage on companies so their Corporate Finance departments and retail divisions can attract and market new issues.

The issuer usually allows the underwriters an option to increase the size of the offering by up to 15% under certain circumstance known as the green shoe or overallotment option.

IPO Only One Company follow.

At the start of the year, two-year-old daily deals site Group on was said to be preparing for a spring initial public offering at a $15 billion valuation. Two months later, Bloomberg is reporting that Group on is in talks with bankers and could IPO with a valuation as high as $25 billion.

Group on raised eyebrows when it turned down a $6 billion acquisition offer from Google in December 2010. The startup then went on to raise $950 million in a Series D round — including funding from Starbucks CEO Howard Schultz’s investment firm — with an estimated post-money valuation as high as $7.8 billion.

Could Group on be worth $25 billion by the time it IPOs later this year? It’s hard to say. (Group on declined to comment.) The report in question cites unnamed sources and sheds very little new light on Grouping’s financial well-being — it does add that Groupon now has 70 million members across 500 markets.

We do know that Group on generated $760 million in sales in 2010, according to a leaked internal memo from CEO Andrew Mason in February. Plus, rumors at the time of the Google acquisition talks had it that the company’s annual revenue run rate was $2 billion.

The technology world was first stunned less than one year ago when it was revealed that Group on was worth $1 billion. Should Grouping’s $25 billion IPO come to fruition, it will be larger than Google’s $23 billion market value at the time of its offering, making Groupon’s meteoric rise nearly unparalleled.

Much the same way, I believe, Group on can pull a Google and may be better, because they’ve grown up with an intrinsic set of assets, like a culture to understand consumers (users who buy coupons) and customers (small businesses who offer coupons), create engaging products and do this all in a manner that could give them such quick growth in a market very unlike when Google started (in 90s).

Today Groupon faces the likes of Living Socially and FB (the big daddy of growth performance) and about a thousand others who’ve already recreated their offering or at least tried to. Still Groupon has managed to grow so fast and sustain it with real performance, which makes a case for a this company which is now better poised than even Facebook I say, as they’ve way more business that FB had when they started getting astronomical funding. Plus Groupon has real businesses who pay for their revenues not like FB’s Virtual Credits (which too have a market).

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who has 200 million of paid (credit card verified itunes) users, who can actually sell their users stuff which their customers (marketeers, advertisers, etc.) want to sell via direct targeted advertising and a guarantee that these users have a readiness to buy. This is in fact way better than Google or Face book’s users as of today, as we don’t really know whether every person on Google or FB who clicks on our ad, has ever done a transaction online or just searching and clicking through random.

Appendix

As of FIX 4.3, Exchange Codes used in FIX are those defined in ISO 10383 standard: Market Identifier Code (MIC).   The cross-reference list below is a subset of ISO 10383 values as of the time of this publication.  It is provided to facilitate the transition from the Reuters exchange suffix codes which versions of FIX prior to FIX 4.2 were based upon.  The official standard and set of values are maintained by the ISO 10383 standard and any discrepancies below should be considered typographical errors using the ISO 10383 standard as the correct set of values.  These values are maintained by ISO 10383 secretariat (see "Appendix 6-B") and  as of the time of this publication the website link to view current list of MIC values is:  http://www.iso15022.org/MIC/homepageMIC.htm

Note that "Old FIX 4.2" values which are underlined represent "numeric codes" assigned by the FIX organization in lieu of a valid Reuters exchange suffix. Such values which have a valid MIC value should use the MIC value.  Markets without a MIC value should apply to the ISO 10383  Registration Authority (SWIFT) for an appropriate value.  The FIX organization will maintain numeric values for  required market identifiers which are unable to establish a MIC value for some reason.

Please refer to the current ISO 10383 standard for the complete list.  The following list is a subset and designed primarily to support cross-referencing mapping from FIX versions <= 4.2 to FIX versions >= 4.3 (when the FIX specification standard changed from Reuters exchange suffix to ISO 10383 MIC code).

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