dsl-past present and future technologies

8/13/2019 DSL-Past Present and Future Technologies

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Lucent Technologies - Proprietary

Thurs 21st Oct 2004

Fran Holt


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Agenda

DSL Evolution

DSL Introduction

DSL Market

DSL Variants

ADSL

Emerging DSL technologies

DSL ApplicationsLucent product placement


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Evolution of Digital Access

56K

128K

6M

55M

100M+


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DSLIntroduction


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Digital Subscriber Line

DSL is a technology for bringing high-bandwidth info to homes & smallbusinesses over ordinary copper telephone lines.

Voice signals (~3.4KHz) use only a fraction of the available capacity onthe wires. DSL exploits this remaining capacity to carry digital info onthe wire without disturbing the line's ability to carry conversations.

DSL (or more specifically ADSL) operates at frequencies of between100 kHz 1.1 MHz above the voice channel and therefore splits your

phone line into a voice channel and a DSL high speed channel whichoperates at speeds of up to 6 Mbps.

DSL is a distance-sensitive technology ie. as the cable lengthincreases, the signal quality and connection speed decrease. ADSLservice has a max distance of 18,000 feet between the DSL modemand the DSLAM

xDSL refers to different variations of DSL ie. ADSL, HDSL, RADSL etc


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DSL Network


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Splitters are used at the customer premises split the 0-4kHZ spectrumused for voice from the higher frequencies the DSL modem will use topass the data traffic (using micro-filters).

Factors which affect DSL performance include:

Bridge taps (extensions/taps off the link to CO)

Loading Coils (small amplifiers used to boost voice signals)

Wire Gauges Distance

DSL - Introduction


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DSLAM

Aggregates connections from many customers onto a single, high-capacity connection to the IP or ATM network.

Flexible and able to support multiple types of DSL in a single

central office.

Can also be deployed in multi-unit (MxU) environments, whichtypically consist commercial multi-tenant unit (MTU)

residential multi-dwelling unit (MDU)

Vast majority of DSLAMs utilize ATM-based switch fabrics andWAN uplink interfaces.

Internet Protocol (IP)-based DSLAMs, which incorporate IPprocessing/routing/aggregation capabilities, are gaining increasedacceptance, especially in the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region.


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Central Office / CoCentral Office / Co--LoLo

Access to unbundled loopsAccess to unbundled loops Traditional DSLAM deploymentTraditional DSLAM deployment

CO / CLECCO / CLEC

Regional CenterRegional Center

Remote TerminalRemote Terminal Outdoor configurationsOutdoor configurations

Tier 2 & 3 residential suburbanTier 2 & 3 residential suburban

and ruraland rural

Fiber In The LoopFiber In The Loop Fiber deeper into the networkFiber deeper into the network

Shorter Distances / Higher BandwidthShorter Distances / Higher Bandwidth

Remote TerminalRemote Terminal Indoor configurationsIndoor configurations

MTU/MDUMTU/MDU

Tier 1 & 2 urban and suburbanTier 1 & 2 urban and suburban

DLCs in Remote TerminalsDLCs in Remote Terminals

DSLAM & MxU


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DSL Market


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123 Million Broadband Subscribers Worldwide Q2 2004source: DSL Forum


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Technology Split in top 10 Broadband Countries Q2 2004sourve: DSL Forum


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Top 20 DSL Countries by Total Subscribers Number Q2 2004source : DSL Forum


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1,100,000,000 Potential DSL Users World-wide


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Market Trends

[CY 2003] Worldwide DSL POTS + DSL port shipments ~ 20.8Million

80% were POTS, 20% were DSL

5.5 Million shipped to NAR (North America Region)

15.3 Million for the rest of the world

[CY 2003] Lucents market position 2nd to Alcatel in the global ATM DSLAM market (7.3% of the market revenues according

to the Synergy Research Group

4th overall behind Alcatel, Huawei and NEC in terms of DSLAM port shipments accordingto multiple industry sources.

[Q1 2004] Lucent increases global ATM DSLAM market revenues to 8.7%(according to Synergy), and has announced several high-profile customer winsand contract expansions in the past few quarters.

To date, Lucent has already installed more than 28,000 Stinger accessconcentrators and more than 6 million ports in more than 25 countries.

Worldwide Market Leaders :- Leader in POTS => Huawei [36%] (90% of their shipments were in Asia)

Leader in DSL => Alcatel [28%] (#1 in NAR)

Lucent is listed as #3 outside NAR for POTS/Specials 6.1%

Lucent is listed as #2 outside NAR for DSL 17.3%


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Lucent has garnered DSLAM customer wins with

o Telefnica de Espaa (Spain)

o France Telecom

o Telefonica Brasil

o EUR 75 million extension of its DSL contract for Telekomunikacja Polska (TP)o Finnet Com OY (Finland)

o Uni2 (a France Telecom subsidiary in Spain)

o Bell Canada

o Portugal Telecom

o Swedens Bredbandsbolaget (B2).

Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) fo 2003 2008

POTS projected at 6%

DSL projected at 8%

Lucent faces number of competitive challenges moving forward into 2004. For

example, in the Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA) region, Lucent mustcontend with Alcatel, ECI Telecom, Marconi, and Siemens, while Asian vendorssuch as Huawei, NEC, Samsung, Sumitomo and UTStarcom have already becomevery serious competitive threats to Lucent in multiple international markets.

Market Trends


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DSL Variants


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DSL Variants


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ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) Most popular DSL type. Up to 6.1 megabits per second of data can be sent

downstream and up to 640 Kbps upstream.

G.Lite or DSL Lite (DSL Lite, splitterless ADSL or Universal ADSL)

A slower ADSL that doesn't require splitting of the line at the user end butmanages to split it for the user remotely at the telephone company.

ITU-T standard G-992.2, provides a data rate from 1.544 Mbps to 6 Mpbsdownstream and from 128 Kbps to 384 Kbps upstream.

HDSL (High bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line) One of the earliest forms of DSL, is used for wideband digital transmission

Symmetrical - equal amount of bandwidth is available in both directions. HDSL can carry as much on a single wire of twisted-pair cable as can be

carried on a T1 line (1.544 Mbps) or an E1 line (2.048 Mbps).

IDSL (ISDN DSL) IDSL is somewhat of a misnomer since it's really closer to ISDN data rates

and service at 128 Kbps than to the much higher rates of ADSL.

RADSL (Rate-Adaptive DSL) RADSL is an ADSL technology from Westell in which software is able to

determine the rate at which signals can be transmitted on a given customerphone line and adjust the delivery rate accordingly. Westell's FlexCap2system uses RADSL to deliver from 640 Kbps to 2.2 Mbps downstream andfrom 272 Kbps to 1.088 Mbps upstream over an existing line.

DSL Variants


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SDSL (Symmetric DSL) Similar to HDSL with a single twisted-pair line, carrying 1.544 Mbps (U.S.

and Canada) or 2.048 Mbps (Europe) each direction on a duplex line. It'ssymmetric because the data rate is the same in both directions.

G.SHDSL (single pair Symmetric high data rate DSL) ITU-T G.991.2 symmetric, multi-rate DSL combining the best of SDSL andHDSL2, aimed at users of DSL for voice, data and Internet access services.

Delivers up to 2.3 Mbps per secondcompared to 2.0 Mbps for SDSL/

Can be deployed nearly twice as far from the central office (CO) than SDSL,which is limited to a maximum distance of 18,000 feet.

Can operate in 2 & 4-wire bonded modes (up to 4.6Mbps payload).

UDSL (Unidirectional DSL) is a proposal from a European company. It's a unidirectional version of

HDSL.

VDSL (Very high data rate DSL) is a developing technology that promises much higher data rates over

relatively short distances (between 51 and 55 Mbps over lines up to 1,000feet or 300 meters in length). It's envisioned that VDSL may emergesomewhat after ADSL is widely deployed and co-exist with it.

DSL Variants


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ADSL


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ADSL

What is it ?

ADSL depends upon advanced digital signal processing and creative algorithms tosqueeze information through twisted-pair telephone lines.

ADSL is the most standardized DSL type & has the potential to supply B-ISDN services(video on demand, HDTV, LAN interconnection etc) all over the POTS line.

The ITU approved industry standard for full-rate ADSL is known as G.992.1, or G.dmt Capabilities

An ADSL circuit connects an ADSL modem on each end of a twisted-pair telephone line,creating three information channels

a high speed downstream channel (1.5Mbps to 8.0Mbps)

a medium speed duplex channel (16 to 832Kbps)

a POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service) or an ISDN channel.

The POTS/ISDN channel is split off from the digital modem by filters, thus guaranteeinguninterrupted POTS/ISDN, even if ADSL fails.

Downstream data rates depend on a number of factors, including

the length of the copper line,

its wire gauge

presence of bridged taps.


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An ADSL Network

TCP/IP

Router

M

U

X

ATU-C 1

ATU-C n

ATM

Switch

Internet

Access

Server

Work-at-Home

Server

Video on demand

Server

Info & Advertiser

Server

ATU-R

ATU-R

Customer #1

Customer #n

DSLAM

Central Office POTS

POTS

POTS 1

POTS n


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The 2 prevalent Line codes used are DMT (Discrete Multi-tone) [the open standard chosen by ANSI T1.413 & ITU for full-rate ADSL]

CAP (similar to QAM) Carrierless Amplitude/Phase Modulation

The ANSI standard requires that DMT ADSL both FDM & Echo Cancellationtechniques are commonly used :-

FDM (frequency division multiplexing) ie. the freq range is split into upsteam &downstream bandwidths.

Echo Cancellation ie. eliminate the possibility of a signal in one direction being confusedwith a signal in the opposite direction, and being echoed back.

DMT divides the upstream and downstream bands into a collection of smallerfrequency ranges of approximately 4 kHz each, called sub channels. Duringtransmission, each 4 kHz sub channel carries a portion of the total data rate.

By dividing the transmission bandwidth into a collection of subchannels, DMT isable to adapt to the distinct characteristics of each telephone line and maximizethe data transmission rate.

DMT Line CodeHow the bits are sent


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ADSL is a Framed transport; the bit stream within the ADSL frame can be dividedinto a max of 7 bearer channels

4 uni-directional downstream bearers (AS0-AS3)

3 duplex upstream/downstream bearers (LS0-LS2)

There are 2 major bit categories :- Fast data buffer (delay sensitive, noise tolerant data eg. audio/video services)

Interleave data buffer (data is reqd to be protected from errors eg. Internet access).

The individual ADSL frames are organised into ADSL SuperFrames. A SuperFrame carries 68 ADSL frames

Each SuperFrame is sent every 17ms (each frame is sent every 250us)

DMT Frame StructureHow the bits are organised

Frame 1 Frame 34Frame 2 Frame 67 Sync

One ADSL SuperFrame every 17 milli-seconds

Fast Byte FECFast Data Buffer Interleaved Data Buffer

One ADSL Frame every 250usecs (1/4000 sec)

Frame 3


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ADSL uses consellation encoding and decoding of to rebuilddamaged data on the line this ensures very high reliability.

To improve the performance of ADSL system some companies

use 16 state 4 dimensional trellis code on top of theconsellation encoding.

Another useful method to increase the ADSL systems reliabilityis Forward Error Correction (FEC), which is based on Reed

Solomon coding method .

As indicated, the data frame gets its information from two databuffers (interleaved buffer and fast buffer) which arescrambled - this scrambling method makes the error correction

and coding more efficient.

Code & Error Correction


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ADSL network types

ADSL for TCP/IP: End to End Mode All traffic inside the ADSL Frames are TCP/IP packets.

TCP messages are placed inside IP packets, which are then placed in PPP frames.

The DSLAM places the PPP frame inside the ADSL SuperFrame.

PPP can generate idle bit patterns (7E) when not transmitting IP packets to maintain thecontinous always on connection.

ADSL for ATM: Full Service Network ATM excels at delivering combined traffic streams (voice/video/data)

ATM cells are sent inside ADSL SuperFrames ie. there is a continous flow of fixed-length

53 byte ATM cells packed head-to-tail. ATM idle cells are used when no data is to be transmitted.

PPP over ATM ATM carries IP packets & PPP frames inside ATM cells using AAL5

This is achieved by using PVCs over the ADSL links & through the ATM enabled DSLAM.

The DSLAM uses VPIs (defines the site-to-site connectivity) & VCIs (defines the device-to-device connectivity) in the ATM cell headers to create the path from the CPE to theATM backbone.


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DSL vs Cable


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EmergingDSL

Technologies


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ADSL2+

ADSL2+ is the new standard consented by the ITU in January 2003. It is based on ADSL2 anddoubles the maximum frequency used for downstream data transmission from 1.1 MHz to 2.2MHz. As a result, downstream data rates are increased to up to 24 Mbps on phone lines aslong as 3,000 feet, and 20 Mbps on lines as long as 5,000 feet.

Benefits

Superior rate/reach performance

Enhanced diagnostic capabilities

Improved power management Bonding for higher data rates

Improved interoperability

Reduces cross-talk


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Power Enhancements: ADSL transceivers operate in full-power mode day andnight, even when not in use. ADSL2+ standard brings in power managementmodes that help reduce overall power consumption while maintaining ADSLsalways-on functionality for the user - enters into a sleep mode when theconnection is not being used for extended periods of time.

Rate Adaption: Telephone wires are bundled together in multi-pair binderscontaining 25 or more twisted wire pairs. As a result, electrical signals from onepair can electromagnetically couple onto adjacent pairs in the binder (known asknown as crosstalk and can impede ADSL data rate performance). ADSL2simply detects changes in the channel conditions -- for example, a local AM radiostation turning off its transmitter for the evening and adapts the data rate to

the new channel condition.

ADSL technology standards

ADSL2+


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ADSL Annexes : ADSL standards include annexes that specify ADSL operationfor particular applications and regions around the world.

Annex A is designed to work on phone lines enabled POTS. It is the most commonapplication of ADSL, used throughout North America and much of Europe and Asia.

Annex B works similarly to Annex A, though it is designed to work on phone lines

enabled with ISDN instead of POTS, which is common in Germany and other regions. Annex C is designed specifically for use in Japan. It allows ADSL to operate with Japans

special version of ISDN called TCM-ISDN.

Annex I doubles the downstream of the Annex C, much like ADSL2+ doubles thedownstream of ADSL2.

ADSL2 (G.992.3) Annex L: Reach Extended ADSL2 (RE-ADSL2) provide increasedperformance on long lines under various crosstalk conditions. (re-adsl2 extends coverage

area of 768 kbps service approvimately 37%)

ADSL2+


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ADSL2+


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VDSL

Very-High-Speed Digital Subscriber Line (VDSL) provides 13-to-55Mbpsdownstream and 1.5-to-26Mbps upstream of data over distances of up to 4,500feet. Typical downstream speeds over loop length are :

12.96Mbps 13.8Mbps 4.5kft



VDSL can be symmetrical and asymmetrical.

VDSL performance enables service providers to deliver a combination of digitaltelevision, data and regular telephone service on a single twisted-pair copper

wire ie. It is intended for (ATM)B-ISDN service deployment. Because VDSL is capable of transmitting only over a shorter distance, it will

require service providers to deploy fiber optic cable closer to the end user.

VDSL is well suited to full-service networks with 2 channels of HDTV possible atthe highest VDSL bit rates.

Two competing consortiums are pushing to standardize VDSL.

VDSL Alliance supports VDSL using a carrier system called DiscreteMultiTone (DMT) ,excellent performance even under extreme noiseconditions.

VDSL Coalition favors a line coding scheme based on Quadature AmplitudeModulation (QAM), a single-carrier system that is less expensive andconsumes less power.


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The key to VDSL is that the telephone companies are replacing manyof their main feeds with fiber-optic cable eg. Fiber to the Curb (FTTC)or Fiber to the Neighborhood (FTTN).

A VDSL transceiver is placed in your home and a VDSL gateway in a

nearby junction box. The VDSL gateway converts the data received from the transceiver

into pulses of light that can be transmitted over the fiber-optic systemto the central office.

When data is sent back to you, the VDSL gateway converts the signal

from the fiber-optic cable and sends it to your VDSL transceiver

Benefits

Excellent performance, even under extreme channel and noise conditions

Robust performance when line conditions change

Line testing and probing capabilities, which simplify service provisioning andtroubleshooting for operators

Interoperability with ADSL, which is the most widely deployed DSL

VDSL


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DSLApplications


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Home solutionsvideo-on-demand, voiceand other applications

High-speed businessaccess

and next-generationservices QoS

Business solutionsintegrated voice, video, data

and fax solutions

New Applications

Multi-Dwelling Unit

solutionsoffice buildings, apartmentbuildings, hotel and campus

solutions

DSL

Products andServices

DSL

Products andServices


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ISP 1ISP 1

ISP 2ISP 2

ATM CoreNetwork

IntegratedAccess Device

(IAD)

ADSL DS3

HDSL2

SDSL

End-userLocations

CellPipe

Carrier Location

Part of an End-to-EndDSL Solution

G.lite

OC-3c

StingerDLSAM

Voice

Gateway

NavisAccess

PSTN

PSTN

DS3

GX 550/CBX 500

PathStar


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IAD

ADSL DS-3

OC-3

ADSL

SDSL

End user

location

CellPipe and3rd-party vendors

OC-3

DS-3

ATMNetwork

Stingers

ISP 1ISP 1

Network service provider (CLEC,ILEC, IXC) location

DS-3

Voice

PSTN

PathStarAccessServer

RADIUS Server

Router

ISP 2ISP 2

DSL Terminator

Provides end-to-end solution from CPE(CellPipe) to COE (Stinger) to circuit

aggregation and termination

(Terminator)

Gives Service Providers the choice of

integrated layer 3 (via T-1000 module)

or distributed (via Terminator)

Interoperates with Pathstar access

server to provide end-to-end feature

rich packet VoDSL solution

End-to-End Service

Provider Solutions


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Stinger

T1/E1 Trunks

(GR-303)

Voice Gateway

Voice

(AAL2)

ILEC CO

CLEC Switching Center

Class 5 Switch

IAD

Subscriber

1-24

VoiceLoop

LAN

Data

(AAL5)

ATM

InternetPSTN

CBX-500

Switch

SubscriberProvider

Business

SDSL

ADSL

Fax

Video

VoicePacket

Voice and Data Solutions


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TV/VideoTV/Video

Loop

MPEG2

decoder

VC1 Data (UBR)VC1 Data (UBR)

VC2 Video (CBR)VC2 Video (CBR)

VC2 Voice (VC2 Voice (rtrt--VBR)VBR)

Home/Tenant Solutions

Applications supported:h Integrated Data/Voice over DSL

h Local & Cable TV channels

h Interactive video-on-demand

h Internet Access

Ethernet

IAD

ATM/ADSL

Combined Voice,

Video & Data Ethernet

Applications supported:h Integrated Data/Voice over DSL

h Fax over IP

h Multimedia collaboration

h Internet Access

Combined Voice,

Video & Data

Loop

ATM/SDSL

Business Solutions

IAD

VC1 Data (UBR)VC1 Data (UBR)

VC2 Video (CBR)VC2 Video (CBR)

VC2 Voice (VC2 Voice (rtrt--VBR)VBR)

End-User Applications


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Multi-Tenant and Multi-Dwelling Buildings (MTU & MDU)

Fewer regulatory issues.

Faster return on investment.

Less complexity in infrastructure.

Tenants are a captive audience for market testing and sellingadditional services.

High concentration of end users in a limited area. Ability to target specific customer types is increased because

similar types of customers lease similar properties.

Space is less of an issue (for equipment).


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Stinger FS / LS / RT / CR/ MRT

Complete line of DSL AccessConcentrators. Central Office, remote terminal and

MTU/MDU deployments. Segment-leading port densities.

Stinger LSStinger RT

Stinger MRT

Stinger FS / FS+

Stinger CR


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B db d AB db d A


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Stinger Compact Remote

Environmentally hardened

enclosure.

Enables use of standard LIM

cards. Extends DSL services closer to

subscriber.

1 Stinger FS+ supports 8

Compact Remotes.

Broadband Access

Stinger Product Line

Broadband Access

Stinger Product Line


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Control Modules (CM) In FS and FS+, Control Modules occupy the center

two slots in the front of the chassis

In LS and RT, Control Modules occupy the 3rd and4th right-most slots

Simplex or duplex operation with independent pathsto LIMs and TMs supported

Control Module functions (common to all CM types):

1.6 Gbps ATM switching fabric

Monitors all slot cards, controlsredundancy/protection switching

Software maintained on CM (TAOS), anddownloads SW to LIMs when they initialize

System management via: NAVIS Access,Command Line Interface SNMP

2 PCMCIA slots (for software downloads)

10/100 Mbps Ethernet port and craft console port

FS, FS+ LS, RT


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Control Module Family:

STGR-CM-A . . . base Control Module

STGR-CM-B . . . same as STGR-CM-A but includes integrated 56K modem

STGR-CM-C . . . same as STGR-CM-B but includes stratum-3 clock

STGRRT-CM-A . . . same as STGR-CM-A but environmentally hardened for use in the Stinger RT

STGRRT-CM-B . . . same as STGR-CM-B but environmentally hardened for use in the Stinger RT

STGRRT-CM-C . . . same as STGR-CM-C but environmentally hardened for use in the Stinger RT

STGR-CM-IP2000-C . . . IP-2000 with copper Gigabit Ethernet (1000BaseT) interface

STGR-CM-IP2000-F . . . IP-2000 with optical Gigabit Ethernet interface, requires

purchase of SFP optical moduleSTGR-SFP-LX . . . Long-haul single-mode fiber (1000BaseLX) module

STGR-SFP-SX . . . Short-haul multi-mode fiber (1000BaseSX) module


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Rear ViewFS, FS+ LS, RT

Trunk Modules (TMs) In FS and FS+, Trunk Modules occupy the

center two slots in the rear of the chassis

In LS and RT, Trunk Modules occupy the right-most slots

Simplex or duplex (redundant) operationsupported

Trunk Modules are available with:

1 or 2 port DS3 or E3 (coax)

1 or 2 port OC3c/STM1 (single-mode fiber,and multimode versions)

TRAM - 2 OC3cs and 4 DS3s

OC12c available in 2003


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Trunk Module Family:

STGR-TM-OC3-1 . . . single-port OC3c/STM1 . . . single-mode/intermediate-reach

STGR-TM-OC3-2 . . . dual-port OC3c/STM1 . . . single-mode/intermediate-reach

STGR-TM-OC3-1L . . . single-port OC3c/STM1 . . . single-mode/long-reachSTGR-TM-OC3-2L . . . dual-port OC3c/STM1 . . . single-mode/long-reach

STGR-TM-OC3-1M . . . single-port OC3c/STM1 . . . multi-mode

STGR-TM-OC3-2M . . . dual-port OC3c/STM1 . . . multi-mode

STGR-TM-DS3-1 . . . single-port DS3STGR-TM-DS3-2 . . . dual-port DS3

STGR-TM-E3-1 . . . single-port E3

STGR-TM-E3-2 . . . dual-port E3

STGR-TRAM-D4-O2 . . . Four-port DS3 and two-port OC3c . . . only for use in FS/FS+

STGR-TRAM-E4-O2 . . . Four-port E3 and two-port STM1 . . . only for use in FS/FS+


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Line Interface Modules (LIMs) In FS and FS+, LIMs occupy the seven slots to the

left and to the right of the Control Modules

In LS and RT, LIMs occupy the 5 or 7 slots to theleft of the Control Modules, and alternate slots withLPMs

LIMs in conjunction with LPMs provide the DSLsubscriber interfaces (and DS1/E1 IMA)

LIMs have 155 Mbit/s serial data path to each

Control Module LIMs provide aggregation with ATM traffic

management for QoS (CBR, VBR-rt, VBR-nrt,UBR)

1:n LIM redundancy via use of PSM

FS, FS+ LS, RT


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Line Interface Module (LIM) Family:

STGR-LIM-SQ-48 48-port SDSL 2B1Q SDSL up to 2.3 Mbps

STGR-LIM-AD-48 48-port ADSL Annex A Full-rate and G.Lite, line sharing with POTS

STGR-LIM-AD-72 72-port ADSL Annex A Full-rate and G.Lite, line sharing with POTS

STGR-LIM-AB-48 48-port ADSL Annex B Full-rate ADSL, line sharing with ISDN

STGR-LIM-SL-48 48-port SHDSL G.shdsl, supports 2-wire and 4-wire mode

STGR-LIM-SL-72 72-port SHDSL G.shdsl, supports 2-wire and 4-wire mode

STGR-LIM-H2-32 32-port SHDSL/HDSL2 HDSL2/G.shdsl

STGR-LIM-ID-32 32-port IDSL Frame Relay (or PPP) over IDSL w/interworkingto ATM

STGR-LIM-T1-8 8-port T1 IMA

STGR-LIM-T1-24 24-port T1 IMA

STGR-LIM-E1-8 8-port T1 IMA

STGR-LIM-E1-24 24-port T1 IMA


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Rear View

FS, FS+ LS, RT

Path Selector Module (PSM) andCopper Loop Test (CLT)Modules

Occupies a LPM slot corresponding to a spareLIM

PSM function allows protection switching offailed LIM ports to spare LIM on a port-by-portbasis

CLT contains PSM function, but adds integratedloop test capability

PSM and CLT Family:

STGR-PSM Supports port-level redundancy for up to 48 ports simultaneously when used in conjunctionwith STGR-LPM(2)-nn-RP. Also provides access for an external CLT to a subscriber line.

STGR-PSM2 Supports port-level redundancy for up to 72 ports simultaneously when used in conjunctionwith STGR-LPM(2)-nn-RP. Also provides access for an external CLT to a subscriber line.

STGR-CLT Provides 48-port Path Selector Module plus an integrated test head for remotely controlledloop qualification and maintenance

STGR-CLTE Provides 72-port Path Selector Module plus an enhanced integrated test head for remotelycontrolled loop qualification and maintenance


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Line

InterfaceModules (14)

Control

Modules (2)

Dual PCMCIA

Slots

10/100 MbpsEthernet port

SerialCraft Port

Cooling

Assembly

TrunkModules (2)

LineProtection

Modules (14)50 -pinconnectors

-48VDC LineFilters

Alarm

Module

Front View

Rear View

Circuit Pack Summary for FS/FS+

Stinger MRT


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Stinger MRT

23 Model

Stinger MRT Family:

MRT-AD-36S-SR-56K 23 MRT base unit: 36 ADSL ports w/Splitters and 56K modem

MRT-TM-OC3-2 Dual-port OC-3c Trunk Module

MRT-TM-DS3-2 Dual-port DS3 Trunk Module

MRT-TM-T1E1 T1/E1 Trunk Module (number of T1/E1 ports enabled and IMAvia software option)

MRT19-AD-48 19 MRT base unit: 48 ADSL ports

MRT19-TM-OC3-2 Dual-port OC-3c Trunk Module

MRT19-TM-DS3-2 Dual-port DS3 Trunk Module

MRT19-TM-T1E1 T1/E1 Trunk Module (number of T1/E1 ports enabled and IMAvia software option)

19 MRT with 36 SHDSL ports available March 2003 onwards

19 Model


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Control

Module

TrunkModule

2:1 2:1

= STS-3c Serial Link

(155 Mbits/sec)

= Utopia2

16 bits at 50 MHz

PSMLPM

LIM

DSLAM Redundancy Architecture

Control

Module

TrunkModule


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LIM Port Redundancy via PSM

PSMLPM

LIM

LPM

LIM LIM

(spare)

PSM

Normal Operation

LPM

LIM LIM

(spare)

PSM

Redundant Operation

Mid-plane

Redundancy Path

To CLT To CLT

Network


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Trunk Module

Control Module

Line InterfaceModule

Line Protection

Module

CPE

Trunk-to-CPE direction

Switching

Prioritized output queuing Explicit forward congestion indication Early packet discard Partial packet discard O, A & M cell filtering and insertion Explicit rate marking

De-aggregation

Prioritized output queuing Explicit forward congestion indication Early packet discard

Peak cell rate shaping

Frame or cell output

CPE-to-Trunk direction

Switching Weighted round-robin output queuing Explicit forward congestion indication Early packet discard Partial packet discard Peak cell rate shaping O, A & M cell filtering and insertion Explicit rate marking

Aggregation

Frame or cell input Policing Prioritized output queuing Explicit forward congestion indication

Early packet discardAAL5 serialization Peak cell rate shaping


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CPE

Functional Relationship Between DSLAM Modules

Trunk ModuleSwitching &

Control ModuleLine Interface

Module

Line Protection

Module

Ripper MagicRipper

Network


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PowerNode

StrandStrand

MountMount

PolePole

MountMount

FDI / RTFDI / RT

MountMount

PedestalPedestal

MountMount

Stinger FS+w/ Optical LIM

Rural deployments

Street cabinet, Pole mounted etc.. Price / Performance Improvement

Two-fiber spans per Stinger Compact Remote

- 15 km reach

Options for remote or local powering

Stinger CR Deployment Scenarios


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CellPipePortfolio


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Residential ADSL annex B

ATM CPEATM CPE

availab

leNOW

CellPipe 22A-BX

Bridge/Router(ADSL annex B)

Ethernet and USB 1.1

CellPipe 22A-FX


4 port Ethernet switch

CellPipe 20A-BX


Ethernet

CellPipe 21A-BX

Bridge(ADSL annex B)

Ethernet

CellPipePortfolio


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Business

availab

leNOW

ATM CPEATM CPEFrame Relay CPEFrame Relay CPE

DSLPipe-HST-xx(SDSL)

CellPipe 20HBridge/Router(2-wire SHDSL)

CellPipe 20H-4Bridge/Router

(4-wire SHDSL bonding)

CellPipe 40H-CES

CES Bridge/Router forT1/E1, LAN(SHDSL)

CellPipe 55A-GXHigh End Router+ VPNGateway with extended

Security and ISDN backupport (ADSL annex A)

CellPipe 55A-BXHigh End Router + VPNGateway with extended

Security and ISDN backupport (ADSL annex B)

ADSL SHDSL

dsl-past present and future technologies

Documents