DSSAT Execution Framework for Prediction System for Double

Cropping Optimization in Thailand

NARO Agricultural Research Center (NARO/ARC)

Kei TANAKA, Takuji KIURA

2013/8/19 1 APAN 36th Meeting, Daejeon

Contents 1. Backgrounds

– GRENE-ei CAAM Project

2. Prediction System to Optimize Double Cropping of Rice and Cassava in Thailand – Structure of system

– Meteorological data

– Execution Method

– Output Data

3. Results

4. Summary

2013/8/19 2 APAN 36th Meeting, Daejeon

Backgrounds

Asian monsoon region

• 60 % or more of the world's population lives in

• Most of the countries are agrarian

– Effects of climate change will be quite serious

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Objectives of CAAM Project

• Improvement of predictive accuracy – digitizing of past agro-meteorological and climate data

– observation of In-situ data

– development of agro-meteorological and climatological data-bases

• Adaptation and mitigation strategies for agriculture – development of evaluation system

– clarification of the influence of the climate change on major crops

– development of information platform to design adaptation and mitigation strategies

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Structure of Prediction System (Previous Result: DIAS version)

2013/6/26 EFITA WCCA CIGR 2013, Torino 5

GD-DR&TR (1 degree grid)

MetBroker SIMRIW

Cultivation Possibility Data

(XML, KML files)

Data Viewer App Web Browser

Flash, Google Earth

Server Client

15,000 points in all over the world

meteorological data rice growth model

results

Meteorological Data • Northeastern Thailand (100 × 120 points)

• 0.05 degree grid

• Spatial interpolated data against to actual data

2013/8/19 APAN 36th Meeting, Daejeon 6 DIAS version (1 degree grid) Current version (0.05 degree grid)

2000/1/1

DSSAT Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer

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Structure of Evaluation System for the Effects of Climate Change on Agriculture in the Asian Monsoon Region

(final phase version under development)

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Agro-Climate Database

・ Air Temp. ・ Solar Radiation ・ Soil Moisture ・ ・・・

MetBroker

Result Data ・ Crop Yield ・ Growth Period

with Effects of Climate Change

Data Viewer App

Rice

Cassava

Maize

Sugarcane

Oil Palm

Crude Rubber

Crop Models Meteorological Data

Climate Change Parameters

Field Data

Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies

AER1

CCR1, AER3 (co-workers)

compare to validate

Structure of Prediction System (current version)

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Meteorological Data (BSQ file)

・ Air Temp. ・ Solar Radiation ・ Precipitation

WTH file (DSSAT format)

Result Data ・ Crop Yield ・ Growth Period

Simple Data Viewer App

Rice

Cassava

Maize

Sugarcane

DSSAT Crop Models

Meteorological Data

Climate Change Parameters

Field Data

Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies

compare to validate

12,000 points in Northeastern

Thailand 0.05 degree grid

DSSAT Files

• DSSAT v4.5 for Linux

• CSM45 Execution program

• DSS_THNE.v45 Bach file

• THNE0001.RIX Configuration file for rice

• THNE0001.WTH Meteorological data file

• PlantGro.OUT One of result data file 2013/8/19 APAN 36th Meeting, Daejeon 10

DSSAT Execution Method setup crop, year, max growth period

for (120×100 grid points){

met. data of point → THNE0001.WTH (rename)

for (planting date = Jan.1～Dec.31){

modify THNE0001.RIX depending on planting date

execute CSM45 with DSS_THNE.v45

save result files in ZIP file, main result in growth.dat

}

}

create KML file from growth.dat 2013/8/19 APAN 36th Meeting, Daejeon 11

THNE0001.RIX (Configuration

file)

*EXP.DETAILS: THNE0001RI THAI NE 2000 RICE

*TREATMENTS -------------FACTOR LEVELS------------

@N R O C TNAME.................... CU FL SA IC MP MI MF MR MC MT ME MH SM

1 1 0 0 38 kg ha-1 of applied N 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1

*CULTIVARS

@C CR INGENO CNAME

1 RI IB0019 RD 7 (cal.)

*FIELDS

@L ID_FIELD WSTA.... FLSA FLOB FLDT FLDD FLDS FLST SLTX SLDP ID_SOIL FLNAME

1 THNE0001 THNE -99 0 IB000 0 0 00000 -99 51 IBRI910024 -99

@L ...........XCRD ...........YCRD .....ELEV .............AREA .SLEN .FLWR .SLAS FLHST FHDUR

1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -99 -99

*INITIAL CONDITIONS

@C PCR ICDAT ICRT ICND ICRN ICRE ICWD ICRES ICREN ICREP ICRIP ICRID ICNAME

1 RI 00032 500 -99 1 1 1 0 0 0 100 15 -99

*PLANTING DETAILS

@P PDATE EDATE PPOP PPOE PLME PLDS PLRS PLRD PLDP PLWT PAGE PENV PLPH SPRL PLNAME

1 00032 -99 75 25 T H 20 0 5 0 25 25 3 0 -99

*IRRIGATION AND WATER MANAGEMENT

@I EFIR IDEP ITHR IEPT IOFF IAME IAMT IRNAME

1 -99 -99 -99 -99 -99 -99 10 -99

*FERTILIZERS (INORGANIC)

@F FDATE FMCD FACD FDEP FAMN FAMP FAMK FAMC FAMO FOCD FERNAME

1 00032 FE002 AP016 10 37 -99 -99 -99 -99 -99 -99

*RESIDUES AND ORGANIC FERTILIZER

@R RDATE RCOD RAMT RESN RESP RESK RINP RDEP RMET RENAME

1 00032 RE001 500 .53 -99 -99 -99 15 -99 -99

*SIMULATION CONTROLS

@N GENERAL NYERS NREPS START SDATE RSEED SNAME.................... SMODEL

1 GE 1 1 S 00032 2150 Effects of appl. N & env

@N OPTIONS WATER NITRO SYMBI PHOSP POTAS DISES CHEM TILL CO2

1 OP Y Y N N N N N N M

@N METHODS WTHER INCON LIGHT EVAPO INFIL PHOTO HYDRO NSWIT MESOM MESEV MESOL

1 ME M M E R S C R 1 G S 2

@N MANAGEMENT PLANT IRRIG FERTI RESID HARVS

1 MA R R R R M

@N OUTPUTS FNAME OVVEW SUMRY FROPT GROUT CAOUT WAOUT NIOUT MIOUT DIOUT VBOSE CHOUT OPOUT

1 OU N Y Y 1 Y N Y Y N N Y N N

@ AUTOMATIC MANAGEMENT

@N PLANTING PFRST PLAST PH2OL PH2OU PH2OD PSTMX PSTMN

1 PL 00025 00039 40 100 30 40 10

@N IRRIGATION IMDEP ITHRL ITHRU IROFF IMETH IRAMT IREFF

1 IR 30 50 100 IB001 IB001 10 .5

@N NITROGEN NMDEP NMTHR NAMNT NCODE NAOFF

1 NI 30 50 25 IB001 IB001

@N RESIDUES RIPCN RTIME RIDEP

1 RE 100 1 20

@N HARVEST HFRST HLAST HPCNP HPCNR

1 HA 0 01032 100 0

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THNE0001.WTH (Meteorological Data File)

*WEATHER : 00-000,ThaiNE,Thai

@ INSI LAT LONG ELEV TAV AMP REFHT WNDHT

THNE 19.00 100.00 160 25.0 28.5 -99 -99

@DATE SRAD TMAX TMIN RAIN DEWP WIND

00001 17.4 29.9 12.7 0.0 16.8 0.3

00002 17.6 30.7 13.3 0.0 17.3 0.3

00003 17.6 30.2 13.7 0.0 17.4 0.2

00004 17.4 31.0 13.8 0.0 18.3 0.2

00005 17.5 31.0 14.9 0.0 18.7 0.0

00006 17.6 31.1 16.7 0.0 19.2 0.1

00007 16.3 31.5 15.5 0.0 18.7 0.3

00008 16.6 31.1 16.8 0.0 19.3 0.1

00009 15.7 30.3 15.2 0.0 18.2 0.0

00010 17.8 32.0 15.1 0.0 18.8 0.2

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PlantGro.OUT (result file) *GROWTH ASPECTS OUTPUT FILE

*DSSAT Cropping System Model Ver. 4.5.1.023 -Stub DEC 26, 2012; 12:11:26

*RUN 1 : 0-0-0 NPK RICER045 THNE0001 1

MODEL : RICER045 - Rice

EXPERIMENT : THNE0001 RI THAI NE 2000 RICE

DATA PATH :

TREATMENT 1 : 0-0-0 NPK RICER045

!YR Days Days Leaf <--------- Dry Weight -----------> Grain Kernl <------ Stress (0-1) ------>

! and after after Leaf Grow Area <------------ kg/Ha -------------> per wght Harv Tillr <--- Water ---->

! DOY start plant Num Stage Index Leaf Stem Grain Root Panic Crop m2 mg Indx No. Phot Grow Excs Nitr Potas

@YEAR DOY DAS DAP L#SD GSTD LAID LWAD SWAD GWAD RWAD EWAD CWAD G#AD GWGD HIAD T#AD WSPD WSGD EWSD NSTD KSTD

2000 032 1 0 3.0 1 0.15 72 8 0 49 0 79 0 0.0 0.000 75 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

2000 033 2 1 3.0 1 0.15 72 8 0 55 0 80 0 0.0 0.000 75 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

2000 034 3 2 3.0 1 0.15 72 8 0 64 0 80 0 0.0 0.000 75 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

2000 035 4 3 4.0 1 0.15 72 8 0 77 0 80 0 0.0 0.000 75 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

2000 036 5 4 4.0 1 0.15 73 8 0 94 0 81 0 0.0 0.000 75 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

.... ... . . ... . .... .. . . .. . .. . ... ..... .. ..... ..... ..... ..... .....

Leaf Shell Spec <-Canopy-> Root <-- Root Length Density ---><Senesced Mat> Phot

Nit -ing Leaf Hght Brdth Depth <---- cm3/cm3 of soil -----> <--(kg/ha)--> Therm

% % Area m m m 0-5 5-15 15-19 19-28 28-51 Surf Soil Days

LN%D SH%D SLAD CHTD CWID RDPD RL1D RL2D RL3D RL4D RL5D SNW0C SNW1C DTTD

4.35 0.00 208.7 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.84 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0 10.96

4.44 0.00 207.9 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.88 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 0 10.65

4.44 0.00 207.8 0.00 0.00 0.09 0.97 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 4 11.66

4.44 0.00 207.6 0.00 0.00 0.11 1.09 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 10 12.55

4.44 0.00 207.4 0.00 0.00 0.13 1.24 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0 16 13.61

.... .... ..... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... . .. .....

2013/8/19 APAN 36th Meeting, Daejeon 14

Problems • Execution Time

– 30 sec / points → four days or more × years×crops

• Huge Number of Result Files

– (120×100 points) × 365 days × years×crops

• Treatment Data for Grid Points

– cultivar, irrigation, fertilization, soil

• Data depends on another organization

– meteorological data (2007～)

– field data for validation

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Evaluation of Optimization for Double Cropping of Rice and Cassava

2013/8/19 APAN 36th Meeting, Daejeon 16

Jan 1 F M

A M J J A S O N D

Cassava Rice Cassava

Period with a little volume of shipment of cassava

Suitable cultivation period of cassava is over 6 months (starch content will be increased )

6 month

Evaluation Conditions • Harvest day of rice is not over end of November • Grain yield of rice • Harvest day of cassava is between May and July • Yield of cassava

Clopping Calendar in Northeastern Thailand

rainy season

Simulation Result

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Rice (transplanting date: Aug 1, max cultivation period: 4 months)

Cassava (starting date: Dec 1, harvest date: Jul 15)

Summary • GRENE-ei CAAM

– Climatic changes and evaluation of their effects on agriculture in the Asian monsoon region

• Meteorological Data

– 0.05 degree grid data of Northeastern Thailand

• Prediction system to optimize double cropping of rice and cassava in Thailand

– DSSAT Execution Method

– Problems

– Results 2013/8/19 APAN 36th Meeting, Daejeon 18

Future Plans • Evaluation system for the effects of climate change

on agriculture in the Asian monsoon region

– Increasing the kinds of the crops (maize, sugarcane,...)

– Expanding the target area (Indonesia, Vietnam,...)

– Considering climate changes

– Speed-up of calculation

– Treatment of result files

• Data viewer application

– As information infrastructure to develop adaptation and mitigation strategies against climate changes for agricultural sectors

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