duke neh reading list

8/12/2019 Duke NEH Reading List

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Aramaic in Post-Biblical Judaism andEarly Christianity

Note- The bibliographical list is by no means exhaustive. Only the majorpublications are included. The full list of required readings (which willinclude most of the titles listed below) will be made up in due time, takinginto account the level of preparation of the participants.- Editions of primary Aramaic texts are not included unless they containsubstantial introductions. Dictionaries and grammars are also notincluded.- The titles are listed in chronological order of their appearance.

Track #1: Instruction in the Aramaic Language

Textbooksa) Biblical Aramaic: Franz Rosenthal, A Grammar of Biblical Aramaic(Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1961 - or later reprint).b) Jewish Literary Aramaic: Douglas Gropp, The Aramaic of TargumsOnqelos and Jonathan: An Introduction (forthcoming - provided by theauthor)c) Syriac: Takamitsu Muraoka Classical Syriac for Hebraists (Wiesbaden:

Harrassowitz, 1987 - reprint 1996), which will be used along with L. VanRompay, A Guide to the Syriac Language (Syllabus, Duke University,2002-03).

Track #2: Seminar

Aramaic and its Literatures in Post-Biblical Judaism and Early Christianity

Week 1

1) Orientation to the Seminar: Aramaic in Post-Biblical Judaism and EarlyChristianitySurvey based on the following publications:- Franz Rosenthal, Die aramaistische Forschung seit Th. Nldeke'sVerffentlichungen (Leiden: Brill, 1939).- Franz Rosenthal et al., An Aramaic Handbook (Wiesbaden:Harrassowitz, 1967).

etailed reading lists https://web.duke.edu/nehdas/readings.

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- E.Y. Kutscher, Studies in Galilean Aramaic (Ramat-Gan, 1976).- J. Fitzmyer, A Wandering Aramean. Collected Aramaic Essays(Missoula, Montana: Scholars Press, 1979).- Michael Sokoloff (ed.), Arameans, Aramaic and the Aramaic LiteraryTradition (Ramat Gan, 1983).- Klaus Beyer & John F. Healey, The Aramaic Language. Its Distributionand Subdivisions (Gttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1986).- S.A. Kaufman, "Languages (Aramaic)," in Anchor Bible Dictionary (NewYork: Doubleday, 1992), vol. 4, 173-178.

2) Aramaic in the Qumran Community and the Dead Sea Scrolls- E.Y. Kutscher, "The language of the 'Genesis Aprocryphon': APreliminary Study," Scripta Hierosolymitana 4 (1957), 1-35.- Joseph Fitzmyer, The Genesis Apocryphon of Qumran Cave I, Second,Revised Edition (Biblica et Orientalia, 18A; Rome: Biblical Institute Press,

1971).- Michael Sokoloff, The Targum of Job from Qumran Cave XI (RamatGan: Bar Ilan University, 1974).- J.T. Milik, The Books of Enoch: Aramaic Fragments of Qumran Cave 4(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1976).- Takamitsu Muraoka (ed.), Studies in Qumran Aramaic (Abr-NahrainSupplement Series, 3; Louvain: Peeters, 1992) - several importantarticles.- S. Schwartz, "Language, Power and Identity in Ancient Palestine," Pastand Present 148 (1995), 3-47.

- Hannah M. Cotton & Ada Yardeni, Aramaic, Hebrew and GreekDocumentary Texts from Nahal Hever and Other Sites. With an AppendixContaining alleged Qumran Texts (Discoveries in the Judean Desert, 27;Oxford: Clarendon Press / New York: Oxford University Press, 1997).

3) Aramaic Epigraphy of Roman Palestine: Jewish Burial & SynagogueInscriptions- Joseph A. Fitzmyer & Daniel J. Harrington, A Manual of Palestinian

Aramaic Texts (Biblica et Orientalia, 34; Rome: Biblical Institute Press,1978).- Joseph Naveh, cAl psefes ve-even. Ha-ketovot ha-aramiyot ve-ha-civriyot mi-vatei ha-keneset ha-catikim (Jerusalem, 1978).- Lee I. Levine, Ancient Synagogues Revealed (Jerusalem: The IsraelExploration Society, 1981).- Moshe Dothan, Hammath Tiberias: Early Synagogues (Jerusalem,1983).


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- L.Y. Rahmani, A Catalogue of Jewish Ossuaries in the Collections ofthe State of Israel (Jerusalem: Israel Antiquities Authority, 1994).- R.M. Nagy, E.M. Meyers, et al., Sepphoris in Galilee: Crosscurrents ofCulture (Winona Lake, WI: Eisenbrauns, 1996).- Hayim Lapin, "Palestinian Inscriptions and Jewish Ethnicity in Late

Antiquity," in Galilee Through the Centuries, ed. Eric M. Meyers (WinonaLake, WI: Eisenbrauns, 1999), 239-268.- A selection of essays and articles, popular and scholarly, concerningthe so-called James ossuary inscription, including writings by both EricMeyers and Paul Flesher.

Week 2

4) Aramaic Translations of Scripture, Part 1: Targum Onqelos to thePentateuch and Targum Jonathan to the Prophets- G. Vermes, "Haggadah in the Onkelos Targum," in Post-Biblical JewishStudies, ed. G. Vermes (Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1975), 127-138.- M. Goshen-Gottstein, "The Language of Targum Onkelos and theModel of Literary Diglossia in Aramaic," Journal of Near Eastern Studies37 (1978): 169-180.- Bernard Grossfeld, The Targum Onqelos to Genesis (Wilmington, DE:Michael Glazier, 1988), 1-40 ("Introduction").- Edward M. Cook, "A New Perspective on the Language of Onqelos andJonathan," in The Aramaic Bible. Targums and their Historical Context,eds. D.R.G. Beattie & M.J. McNamara (Journal for the Study of the Old

Testament. Supplement Series, 166; Sheffield: Sheffield AcademicPress, 1994), 142-156.- J.W. Wesselius, "Biblical Poetry through Targumic Eyes: Onkelos'Treatment of Genesis 49:8-12," in Give Ear to my Words: Psalms andother Poetry in and around the Hebrew Bible, ed. J. Dyk (Kampen Kok,1996), 131-145.- P.V.M. Flesher, "Is Targum Onqelos a Palestinian Targum? TheEvidence of Genesis 28-50," Journal for the Study of thePseudepigrapha 19 (1999), 35-79.- Michael L. Klein, The Masorah to Targum Onqelos. As preserved inMSS Vatican Ebreo 448, Rome Angelico Or. 7, fragments from the CairoGeniza and in earlier editions by A. Berliner and S. Landauer(Binghamton, NY: Global Publications, 2000).

5) Marriage and Divorce in Second-century Palestine in Light of theBabatha Aramaic Archives


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- Y. Yadin, J.C. Greenfield and A. Yardeni, "Babatha's Ketubba," IsraelExploration Journal 44:1-2 (1994), 75-101.- J.C. Greenfield, "Babatha's Property and the Law of Succession in theBabatha Archive," Zeitschrift fr Papyrologie und Epigraphik 104 (1994),211-224.- Y. Yadin, "Aramaic Legal Papyri," in The Documents from the BarKokhba Period in the Cave of Letters. Hebrew, Aramaic and Nabatean-

Aramaic Papyri (Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 2002), 39-118.

6) Aramaic Translations of Scripture, Part 2: The Palestinian Targums ofthe Pentateuch- A. Shinan, "The 'Palestinian' Targums - Repetitions, Internal Unity,Contradictions," Journal of Jewish Studies 36 (1986), 72-87.- A. Shinan, "Dating Targum Pseudo-Jonathan: Some More Comments,"Journal of Jewish Studies 41 (1990), 57-61.

- S.A. Kaufman and Y. Maori, "The Targumim to Exodus 20:Reconstructing the Palestinian Targum," Textus 16 (1991), 13-78.- Robert Hayward, "Red Heifer and Golden Calf: Dating Targum Pseudo-Jonathan," in Targum Studies, vol. 1, Textual and Contextual Studies inthe Pentateuchal Targums, ed. Paul V.M. Flesher (Atlanta: ScholarsPress, 1992), 9-32.- M. McNamara, Targum Neofiti 1: Genesis (Collegeville, MN: LiturgicalPress, 1992), 1-46 ("Introduction").- Paul V.M. Flesher, "Exploring the Sources of the Synoptic Targums tothe Pentateuch," in Targum Studies, vol. 1, Textual and Contextual

Studies in the Pentateuchal Targums, ed. Paul V.M. Flesher (Atlanta:Scholars Press, 1992), 101-134.- S.A Kaufman, "Dating the Language of the Palestinian Targums andtheir Use in the Study of First Century CE Texts," in The Aramaic Bible.Targums and their Historical Context, eds. D.R.G. Beattie & M.J.McNamara (Journal for the Study of the Old Testament. SupplementSeries, 166; Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1994), 118-141.

Week 3

7) What Language did Jesus Speak?- P. Kahle, The Cairo Geniza, 2nd ed. (New York: Praeger, 1959).- M. Black, "Aramaic Studies and the Language of Jesus," in InMemoriam Paul Kahle, eds. M. Black & G. Fohrer (Beihefte zur Zeitschriftfr die alttestamentliche Wissneschaft, 103; 1968), 17-28.- James Barr, "Which Language did Jesus Speak?" Bulletin of the John


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Rylands Library, 1 (1970-71), 9-29.- J.A. Fitzmyer, "The Study of the Aramaic Background of the NewTestament," in J.A. Fitzmyer, A Wandering Aramean (Missoula, MT:Scholars Press, 1979), 1-28.- M. McNamara, "The Spoken Aramaic of First Century Palestine," inChurch Ministry, ed. A. Mayes (Proceedings of the Irish Biblical

Association, 2; Dublin: Dominican Publications, 1977).- G. Vermes, "Jewish Literature and New Testament Exegesis:Reflections on Methodology," Journal of Jewish Studies 33 (1982),361-376.- M. Wilcox, "Semitisms in the New Testament," in Aufstieg undNiedergang der Rmischen Welt II.25.2, ed. W. Haase (Berlin: DeGruyter, 1984).- L.T. Stuckenbruck, "An Approach to the New Testament through

Aramaic Sources: The Recent Methodological Debate," Journal for the

Study of the Pseudepigrapha 8 (1991), 3-29.- J.A. Lund, "The Language of Jesus," Mishkan 17-18 (1992-3), 139-155.

8) The Place of Aramaic in the Palestinian Talmud and other PalestinianRabbinic Texts- J. Neusner, Judaism in Society: The Evidence of the Yerushalmi(Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1983).- J. Neusner, The Oral Torah: The Sacred Books of Judaism (SanFrancisco: Harper & Row, 1986).- Steven D. Fraade, "Rabbinic Views on the Practice of Targum, and

Multilingualism in the Jewish Galilee of the Third-Sixth Centuries," in TheGalilee in Late Antiquity, ed. Lee I. Levine (New York & Jerusalem: TheJewish Theological Seminary of America, 1992), 253-286.- Lee I. Levine, The Rabbinic Class of Roman Palestine in Late Antiquity(Jerusalem: Yad Itzak Ben-Zvi, 1989).- G. Stemberger, Jews and Christians in the Holy Land: Palestine in theFourth century (Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 2000).

9) Jewish, Christian and Pagan Interaction in Northern Palestine andSouthern Syria- H.C. Butler, E. Littman, et al., Syria, Publications of the PrincetonUniversity Archaeological Expeditions to Syria, 4 vols. (Leiden: E.J. Brill,1920-34). Selected passages.- D. Urman, The Golan during the Romand and Byzantine Periods (Ann

Arbor, MI, 1979).- D. Urman, "Public Structures and Jewish Communities in the Golan


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Heights," in Ancient Synagogues: Historical Analysis and ArchaeologicalDiscovery, eds. D. Urman and P.V.M. Flesher (Leiden: Brill, 1995), vol. 2,373-618.- Z.U. Maoz, "The Golan," in The New Encyclopedia of ArchaeologicalExcavations in the Holy Land, ed. E. Stern (New York: Simon andShuster, 1993), vol. 2, 525-546.

Week 4

10) Aramaic at the Crossroads of Dura Europos: Jewish Aramaic, Syriacand Palmyrene- C.H. Kraeling, The Synagogue (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press,1956), esp. 261-277.- A.R. Bellinger, F.E. Brown et al., The Excavations at Dura-Europos(New Haven, CT: Yale University Press). Selected sections from the finalreports.- Lucinda Dirven, The Palmyrenes of Dura-Europos. A Study of ReligiousInteraction in Roman Syria (Leiden: Brill, 1999).- Sebastian Brock, "Some New Syriac Documents from the Third Century

AD," Aram 3 (1991), 259-267.

11) Aramaic Translations of Scripture, Part 3: The Old Testament andNew Testament Peshitta- Michael P. Weitzmann, The Syriac Version of the Old Testament. An

Introduction (University of Cambridge Oriental Publications, 56;Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999).- Bruce M. Metzger, The Early Versions of the New Testament (Oxford,1977), 3-98.- Tjitze Baarda, "The Syriac Versions of the New Testament," in The Textof the New Testament in Contemporary Research. Essays on the StatusQuaestionis, eds. Bart D. Ehrman & Michael W. Holmes (Grand Rapids,Michigan: Eerdmans, 1995), 97-112.- Sebastian P. Brock, "The Use of the Syriac Fathers for New TestamentTextual Criticism," in The Text of the New Testament in Contemporary

Research. Essays on the Status Quaestionis, eds. Bart D. Ehrman &Michael W. Holmes (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Eerdmans, 1995),224-236.

12) Fourth-century Syriac Christianity (Aphrahat and Ephrem) andJudaism in Mesopotamia- Lucas Van Rompay, "The Christian Syriac Tradition of Interpretation," in


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Memory of J. Alexander Kerns, eds. Y.L. Arbeitman & A.R. Bomhard, II(Amsterdam, 1981), 613-649.- T. Muraoka, "A Study in Palestinian Jewish Aramaic," Sefarad 45:1(1985), 3-22.- Abraham Tal, "The Dialects of Jewish Palestinian Aramaic and thePalestinian Targum of the Pentateuch," Sefarad 46:1-2 (1986), 441-448.- M. Bar Asher, "Le syro-palestinien - tudes grammaticales," Journalasiatique 276 (1988), 27-59.- Christa Mller-Kessler & Michael Sokoloff, The Christian Palestinian

Aramaic Old Testament and Apocrypha Version from the Early Period (ACorpus of Christian Palestinian Aramaic, 1; Groningen: Styx, 1997).- Paul V.M. Flesher, "The Literary Legacy of the Priests? ThePentateuchal Targums of Israel in their Social and Linguistic Context," inThe Ancient Synagogue, eds. Birger Olsson & Magnus Zetterholm(Stockholm, in press).

Session 3: Syriac and Other Eastern Dialects

- Klaus Beyer, "Der reichsaramische Einschlag in der ltesten syrischenLiteratur," Zeitschrift der Deutschen morgenlndischen Gesellschaft 116(1966), 242-254.- Lucas Van Rompay, "Some Preliminary Remarks on the Origins ofClassical Syriac as a Standard Language: The Syriac Version ofEusebius of Caesarea's Ecclesiastical History," Semitic and CushiticStudies, eds. G. Goldenberg & S. Raz (Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1994),

70-89.- Riccardo Contini, "Hypothses sur l'aramen manichen," Annali di Ca'Foscari. Rivista della Facolt di Lingue e Letterature stranieredell'Universit di Venezia 34 (1995), 65-107.- Han J.W. Drijvers & John F. Healey, The Old Syriac Inscriptions ofEdessa and Osrhoene. Texts, Translations and Commentary (Handbuchder Orientalistik, I,42; Leiden: Brill, 1999).- Hannu Juusola, Linguistic Peculiarities in the Aramaic Magic Bowl Texts(Helsinki: Finnish Oriental Society, 1999).

Session 4: Aramaic from the Medieval Period to the Present Day

- Sebastian Brock, "Some Observations on the Use of Classical Syriac inthe Late Twentieth Century," Journal of Semitic Studies 34 (1989),363-375.- Yona Sabar, Targum de-Targum. An Old Neo-Aramaic Version of theTargum on Song of Songs (Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1991).


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- H.L. Murre-van den Berg, "A Syriac Awakening. Alqosh and Urmia asCenters of Neo-Syriac Writing," VII Symposium Syriacum (1996), ed. R.Lavenant (Orientalia Christiana Analecta, 256; Rome: PontificiumInstitutum Studiorum Orientalium, 1998), 499-515.- H.L. Murre-van den Berg, From a Spoken to a Written Language. TheIntroduction and Development of Literary Urmia Aramaic in theNineteenth Century (Leiden: Nederlands Instituut voor het NabijeOosten, 1999).- Geoffrey Khan, A Grammar of Neo-Aramaic: The Dialect of the Jews of

Arbel (Boston, Massachusetts: Brill, 1999).- Yona Sabar, "The Neo-Aramaic Pentateuch: A Summary of Findings,"Pe'amim 83 (2000), 108-117.


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