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TRANSCRIPT
Rayat Shikshan Sanstha’s
Veer Wajekar Arts, Science and Commerce College, Phunde Tal. Uran, Dist. Raigad, Navi Mumbai
Conducted by
Assessed by
Dr. Prabhakar R. Pawar, M.Sc., Ph.D.
Dr. Bhagwan V. Jadhav, M.Sc., Ph.D.
Dr. L. R. Rathod, M.Sc., Ph.D.
INDEX
Sr. No. Name of Topic Page No.
01 Executive Summary 01
02 Introduction 03
03 Acknowledgements 05
04 About VWASC College, Phunde 06
05 Aim and Objectives 06
06 Components of Survey
1. Water Use
2. Energy Usage and Conservation 3. Solid and Liquid Waste Generation 4. E-Waste Generation
07
07 Flora Of VWASC College, Phunde 11
08 Faunal Diversity Of The College Campus 14
09 Biodiversity Audit Analysis 22
11 Recommendations 27
12 Committee observation sheet 28
Tables in the Text
Sr. No. Name of Table Page No.
01 List of Plant Species 12
02 Name of Butterflies and insects observed in the campus 15
03 Bird diversity of VWASC Phunde campus 19
04 Area of Campus Building 23
1
Executive Summary
Rayat Shikshan Sanstha‟s Veer Wajekar Arts, Science & Commerce College,
Phunde, is deeply concerned and unconditionally believes that there is an urgent
need to address these fundamental problems and reverse the trends. The rapid
urbanization and economic development at local, regional and global level has led
to several environmental and ecological crises. It becomes essential to adopt the
system of the Green Campus for the institute which will lead for sustainable
development. Being a premier institution of higher learning, the college has
initiated „The Green Campus‟ program four years back that actively promote the
various projects for the environment protection and sustainability.
The purpose of the audit was to ensure that the practices followed in the
campus are in accordance with the Green Policy adopted by the institution. The
methodology includes physical inspection of the campus, observation and review
of the documentation, interviewing key persons and data analysis, and
recommendations. It works on the several facets of „Green Campus‟ including
Water Conservation, Tree Plantation, Waste Management, Paperless Work,
Alternative Energy and Mapping of Biodiversity. With this in mind, the specific
objectives of the audit are to evaluate the adequacy of the management control
framework of environment sustainability as well as the degree to which the
Departments are in compliance with the applicable regulations, policies and
standards. It can make a good impact on student health and learning college
operational costs and the environment. The criteria, methods and
recommendations used in the audit were based on the identified risks.
The campus of Veer Wajekar Arts, Science & Commerce College, Phunde
have been surveyed during the period of June 2018 to November 2018 to carry
„Biodiversity/Green Audit‟. During the visit we carried out detailed survey of the
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current status of plants, animals (including insects, butterflies, reptiles, birds,
etc) from college campus to understand floral and faunal diversity. The college
has made good attempt to keep area under green cover, various environment
friendly activities like poster presentations by students on environmental issues,
National level conference, and plantation of saplings regularly carried out by the
institution, etc.
The auditing work also undertaken through checking documents,
photographs, news coverage, various efforts for biodiversity protection and
conservation. On the basis of careful and extensive observations, entire campus
area has been assessed and presented in form of report. The report with phase
wise data and contribution towards environmental conservation will contribute
towards the development of strategies of academic institutions for the
conservation and enhancement of Biodiversity through audit of their respective
campus.
3
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We are grateful to the members of College Development Committee and
Principal of “Veer Wajekar Arts, Science & Commerce College, Phunde”,
Dr. Gorakh T. Sangale to conduct „Green/Biodiversity Audit‟ of the college
campus.
We express our deep gratitude towards NAAC & IQAC coordinators, Dr. R. J.
Solomon & Dr. Rahul B. Patil; all heads of the departments, committee
conveners, and office staff for cooperation and valuable support for this activity.
Our sincere thanks to teaching and nonteaching staff members, students for
their valuable help rendered during assessment of „Green/Biodiversity Audit‟
work.
4
INTRODUCTION
India is a mega-diverse nation, housing around 10% of world's species.
India also has a rich cultural heritage going back thousands of years. Much of
Indian biodiversity is intricately related to the socio-cultural practices of the land.
Unfortunately, due to population explosion, climate change and lax
implementation of environmental policies, several species are facing the threat of
extinction. Not only does this affect the food chain, but also the livelihood and the
culture of millions of Indians who depend on local biodiversity.
It is vital that the common man is made aware of the domino effect of
species loss and what we stand to lose. Project Brahma aims to create such
awareness, by increasing participation of the people in biodiversity
documentation and conservation. In addition, there are several organizations
carrying out notable conservation work in India. Our aim is also to create a
central resource where such organizations can access all kinds of knowledge
about Indian biodiversity. We imagine that the Biodiversity of India website will
significantly enhance environmental conservation efforts in India.
Over the past 300 years, many species of organisms, including mammals,
birds, butterflies and plants, have been lost due to many anthropogenic activities.
In addition to this, habitats are vanishing very rapidly due to human interference
in environment cycle. More than 11,000 species of animals and plants are known
to be threatened with extinction. Green Audit can be defined as systematic
identification, quantification, recording, reporting and analysis of components of
environmental diversity. The „Green Audit‟ aims to analyze environmental
practices within and outside the college campus, which will have an impact on
the eco-friendly ambience. It was initiated with the motive of inspecting the work
conducted within the organizations whose exercises can cause risk to the health
of inhabitants and the environment.
5
ABOUT VWASC COLLEGE, PHUNDE
The college is established in June 1989 to provide the value education and
to bring social reformation among the local population. The geographical location
is latitude 18053‟37” N and longitude 72˚58′34′′ E. The college campus of 4.71
hectares which is surrounded by lush green vegetation towards north and west
side. During biodiversity audit work, efforts were made to understand the current
status and ongoing changes in the ecology of the campus as well as surrounding
area.
Majority of entry level student‟s first generation learner. The College is in
located hilly, Coasted and Backward region of Raigad District in Uran Tehsil,
Where the local Community is Socio-Economically as well as educationally most
backward with fishing is only source of livelihood. The community is
superstitious indecent tradition in their festivals and majority of them celebrating
with different addictions. Majority of the community is illiterate and trapped in
social and financial customs and traditions.
For Social reformation among students and community, the Institution
have initiated and successfully implemented career oriented courses (Functional
English, Soft Skills Development Courses, Human Rights Education, English
Speaking course etc.) to develop Self Employment among Students, Course like
commercial Coastal fishery and Marketing, Export-Import Management and
preparation of domestic household chemicals are conducted in college. As the
College is in located vicinity of Jawaharlal Nehru Port (An International Port),
College conducts various courses to provide human resource to J N Port and Port
related establishment and plays an effective role in nation Building. Most of the
land of the Uran Tehsil is acquired by Government for CIDCO, Jawaharlal Nehru
Port, ONGC, BPCL, SEZ and various other projects.
The „Green Campus‟ has been active since last 5 years by undertaking
plantation drive seriously. The college administration works on the several facets
of „Green Campus‟ including Water Conservation, Tree Plantation, Waste
Management, Paperless Work, Alternative Energy and Mapping of Biodiversity.
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AIM AND OBJECTIVES The aim of the Green/Biodiversity Audit of the VWASC College, Phunde were to
survey existing flora and fauna observed in the campus.
Objectives:
To establish a baseline data biodiversity of the campus.
To measure the use of water for various purposes in the campus.
To measure the electricity consumption and attempt made by college in
generating energy from non-renewable sources.
To measure solid waste management facility available in the college campus.
To deal with any other relevant environmental and ecological issues to the
surrounding area in general.
To make recommendations for the conservation, protection and
rejuvenation of the natural vegetation and animal life by involving students
and faculty members.
Methodology
In order to perform green audit, the methodology included different tools
such as preparation of questionnaire, physical inspection of the campus,
observation and review of the documentation, interviewing key persons and data
analysis, measurements and recommendations. The study covered the following
areas to summarise the present status of environment management in the
campus:
ter management
usage and conservation
-waste management
Baseline survey of Biodiversity of campus
7
Components of Survey
1. Water Use
This indicator addresses water consumption, water sources, irrigation,
storm water, appliances and fixtures. A water audit is an on-site survey and
assessment to determine the water use and hence improving the efficiency of its
use.
Observations
The study observed that Well and Ponds are the two major sources of
water. Water is used for drinking purpose, canteen, toilets, laboratory and
gardening. During the survey, no loss of water is observed, neither by any
leakages, nor by over flow of water from overhead tanks.
The data collected from all the departments is examined and verified. On an
average the total use of water in the college is 12,000 L/day, which include
6,000 L/day for domestic purposes, 2,000 L/day for gardening and 4,000
L/day for different laboratories.
Two rain water harvesting units are also functional for storing and reuse.
Gardens are watered by using drip irrigation system to save water.
Recommendations
Need of monitoring, controlling overflow is essential and periodically
supervision drills should be arranged. In campus small scale/medium
scale/large scale reuse and recycle of water system is necessary.
Minimize wastage of water and use of electricity during water filtration
process, if used, such as RO filtration process and ensure that the
equipment‟s used for such usage are regularly serviced and the wastage of
water is not below the industry average for such equipment‟s used in
similar capacity.
Ensure that all cleaning products used by college staff have a minimal
detrimental impact on the environment, i.e. are biodegradable and non-
toxic.
2. Energy Usage and Conservation
This indicator addresses energy consumption, energy sources, energy
monitoring, lighting, appliance, natural gas and vehicles. Energy use is clearly an
important aspect of campus sustainability and thus requires no explanation for
its inclusion in the assessment.
8
Observations
All the departments and common facility centres are equipped with CFL
lamps.
Approximately 90 CFLs (Capacity) are counted during survey. Besides this,
photovoltaic cells are also installed in the campus as an alternate
renewable source of energy. Equipments like Computers are used with
power saving mode.
Also, campus administration runs switch –off drill on regular basis. In
science departments like Physics, Chemistry and Zoology electricity was
shut downed after occupancy time is one of green practices for energy
conservation.
Recommendations
Support renewable and carbon-neutral electricity options on any energy
purchasing consortium, with the aim of supplying all college properties
with electricity that can be attributed to renewable and carbon-neutral
sources.
Appreciate that it is preferable to purchase electricity from a company that
invests in new sources of renewable and carbon-neutral electricity.
Installation of more LED lamps instead of CFL is recommended.
3. Solid and Liquid Waste Generation
This indicator addresses waste production and disposal of different wastes
like paper, food, plastic, biodegradable, construction, glass, dust etc and
recycling. Furthermore, solid waste often includes wasted material resources that
could otherwise be channelled into better service through recycling, repair, and
reuse. Solid waste generation and management is a burning issue. Unscientific
handling of solid waste can create threats to everyone. The survey focused on
volume,
type and current management practice of solid waste generated in the campus.
The different solid wastes collected as mentioned above.
Observations
The total solid waste collected in the campus is about 10 Kg/day.
Waste generation from tree droppings and lawn management is a major
solid waste generated in the campus. The waste is segregated at source by
providing separate dustbins for Bio-degradable and Plastic waste.
9
Segregation of chemical waste generated in chemistry and zoology
laboratories is also practiced. Single sided used papers reused for writing
and printing in all departments.
Important and confidential reports/ papers are sent for pulping and
recycling after completion of their preservation period.
Very less plastic waste is generated by some departments, office, garden etc
but it is neither categorized at point source nor sent for recycling.
Metal waste and wooden waste is stored and given to authorized scrap
agents for further processing. Few glass bottles are reused in the
laboratories.
The food waste from main canteen and mess is used or sent for
vermicomposting.
The institute has adopted vermiculture composting in culture house.
The main purpose of this is to reduce disposable waste in the college
campus. After complete process of vermicomposting, it is used as manure
for plants in the campus.
Recommendations
Try to reduce the absolute amount of waste that it produces from college
pantry, biological laboratories etc.
Make full use of all recycling facilities including glass, cans, white, coloured
and brown paper, plastic bottles, batteries, print cartridges, cardboard and
furniture.
Provide sufficient, accessible and well-publicized collection points for
recyclable waste, with responsibility for recycling clearly allocated.
Single sided papers to be used for writing and photocopy
4. E-Waste Generation
E-waste can be described as consumer and business electronic equipment
that is near or at the end of its useful life. This makes up about 5% of all
municipal solid waste worldwide but is much more hazardous than other waste
because electronic components contain cadmium, lead, mercury, and
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) that can damage human health and the
environment.
Observations
10
E-waste generated in the campus is very less in quantity. The cartridges of
laser printers are refilled outside the college campus.
Administration conducts the awareness programmes regarding E-waste
Management with the help of various departments.
The E- waste and defective item from computer laboratory is being stored
properly.
The institution has decided to contact approved E-waste management and
disposal facility in order to dispose E-waste in scientific manner.
Recommendations
Recycle or safely dispose of white goods, computers and electrical
appliances.
Use reusable resources and containers and avoid unnecessary packaging
where possible.
Always purchase recycled resources where these are both suitable and
available.
Figure-2: Location Map of VWASC College, Phunde
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FLORA OF VWASC COLLEGE, PHUNDE
Floral diversity refers to the diversity of plants occurring in a specific region
during particular era. It generally refers to the diversity of naturally occurring
indigenous or native plants. The word “Flora” comes from the Latin, Flora – the
goddess of plants (floris means flower). India, being one of the tropical countries
harbours 46,824 species including species of virus/bacteria and fungi. In India,
the floral diversity is concentrated in four phytogeographically unique regions,
viz., Himalayas, Western Ghats, Northeast India and Andaman and Nicobar
Islands. The Indian Flora accounts for 11.4% of the total recorded plant species of
the world and about 28% of the plant species are endemic (species confined to a
particular geographical region) to India. Angiosperms are the largest plant group
in India comprising a total of 17,817 species, constitutes 38.15% of floral
diversity of the entire country, followed by fungi comprised of 14,698 species,
representing 31.38%.
The country also has high level of cryptogam (Bryophytes and
Pteridophytes) diversity. A total of 2,479 species of Pteridophytes and around
1265 of Bryophytes have been recorded from India so far. The bryophytes
(Mosses and Liverworts) are also significantly rich in the Himalayas, Nilgiris,
Western Ghats, Eastern Ghats and Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Algae and
Fungi have widespread distribution in India. The diversity of marine algae in
Gujarat coast of Okha-Dwarka region and Mandappam-Pamban region of Tamil
Nadu coast appear to be the species-richest. Lichens are composite organisms
consist of symbiotic algae and fungi found very rich in the Western Ghats,
Eastern and Western Himalayas and Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
Most of the ferns and gymnosperms (including cycads, pines, firs, junipers,
etc.) grow in cool temperate zones of the Himalayas, and in the mountainous
regions of southern India, especially in the Western Ghats. According to current
estimates, the Indian flora represents nearly 12% of the global floral diversity
(excluding viruses). Rice, sugarcane, jute, tree cotton, yams, brassicas, cucurbits,
citrus fruits, various millets, tamarind, banana, mango, jackfruit, ginger,
turmeric, cinnamons, cardamom, cumin seeds, black pepper, betel nut and
numerous aromatic and medicinal plants are the important plant resources of the
Indian region. Conservation is a protective measure to prevent the loss of genetic
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diversity of all species, to save species from extinction and ultimately to protect
all the ecosystems from damage so as to promote their sustainable utilisation.
After having survey in the campus following species of plants are observed.
FLORAL DIVERSITY OF VWASC COLLEGE, PHUNDE
Table-1: List of Plant Species
Sr.
No. Name of Plant Family Common Name Note
1 Abrus precatorius L. Fabaceae Gunj Wild
Abutilon indicum (Link)
2 Sweet Malvaceae Mudra, Ati-bala Wild
Acacia auriculiformis
3 A.Cunn. Ex Benth. Mimosaceae Australian
Babhul Exotic Tree
4 Acacia mangiumWilld. Mimosaceae Mangium Exotic Tree
5 Acacia catechu (L.) Wild Mimosaceae Khair Wild
Khalipha, Foxtail,
6 Acalypha hispida L. Euphorbiaceae Red Hot cat-tail Cultivated
Indigenous
7 Achyranthes aspera L.
Amaranthacea
e Aghada shrub
8 Adhatoda vasica Nees Acanthaceae Adulsa Cultivated
9 Aegle marmelos L. Rutaceae Bel Indigenous 10 Agave americana L. Agavaceae Ghaypat Shrub
11 Albizia procera Benth. Mimosaceae Shirish Wild
12 Albizia saman F. Muell. Mimosaceae Rain Tree Cultivated
13 Allamanda cathartica L. Apocynaceae Pivali Ghanta Cultivated
14 Aloe vera L. Liliaceae Korphad Cultivated
15 Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br. Apocynaceae Saptaparni Wild
13
16 Amaranthus virides L. Amaranthaceae Aghada Wild
17 Anacardium occidentale L. Anacardiaceae Kaju Cultivated
18 Annona reticulata L. Annonaceae Ramphal Cultivated
Anthocephalus cadamba
19 (Roxb.) Miq. Rubiaceae Kadamb Cultivated
White
Vietnamese
20 Anthurium sp. Araceae Anthurium Cultivated
Araucaria columnaris J.R. Cristmas tree,
21 Forst. Hook. Araucariaceae Cook Pine Cultivated
22 Artocarpus integrifolius Lam. Moraceae Phanas Wild
23 Asparagus racemosis Willd. Asparagaceae
Garden Shatavari Wild
24 Atylosia indica L. Fabaceae Wild 25 Azadirachta indica L Meliaceae Neem Indigenous
26 Bauhinia purpurea L. Caesaslpiniaceae Kanchan Cultivated
27 Bauhinia racemosa Caesaslpiniaceae Apata Wild
28 Blumea lacera L. Asteraceae Burundi Wild
29 Bombax ceiba L. Bombacaceae Katesavar Wild
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FAUNAL DIVERSITY OF THE COLLEGE CAMPUS Insects on the campus
The insects are by far the largest group of organisms on earth, which are
measured in terms of number of species or number of individuals. Insect live in
every conceivable habitat on land and in fresh water and few have even invaded
the sea. More than half of all the named animal species are the insects and the
actual proportional is undoubtedly much higher, because of millions of additional
forms awaiting detection, classification and naming.
Insects as economically important group of organisms, have been
associated in mans interest in many ways. Some insects with their pollinating
activities make possible the production of many agricultural crops, they provide
us with honey, bee wax, silk and other products of commercial value they serve
as food for many birds, fish and other beneficial animals, they perform valuable
services as scavengers, they act as bio-control agents and keep harmful animals
and plants in check, they have been useful in medicine and in scientific research.
Insects also contain vast array of chemical compounds, some of which can be
collected, extracted and used by us. Chitin or a component of insect cuticle, can
act as anticoagulant or haemostatic agent for tissue repair in humans. Chitin
and its derivatives enhance wound and burn healing, reduce serum cholesterol,
serve as anti-allergic drug carrier, provide a strong biodegradable plastic, and
enhance removal of pollutants from wastewater.
A few insects are harmful and responsible for enormous losses each year in
agricultural crops and stored products, and they may transmit diseases that
seriously affect the health of humans and other animals. As far as diversity of
insect are concerned species of insects are distributed unevenly among the higher
taxonomic groups. Five orders stand out for their high species richness, which
includes Coleoptera (beetles), Diptera (flies), Hymenoptera (wasps, ants and bees),
Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths), and the true bugs i.e. Hemiptera. Among
them beetles comprise almost 40% of described insects (more than 3,00,000
species). Although other orders are described as minor this doesn‟t mean that it
is insignificant.
During present auditing report a rapid survey was undertaken to analyze
insect diversity on the campus.
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METHODS
In the present survey, the insect diversity of the campus was studied by
visual observations, where early morning and evening visits were planned during
study period as the insects are more active during this period. For some
nocturnal insects light traps have been used for observation. Identification:
The insects were then identified with the help of available standard
literature such as Borrer, et al (1992), Gullan & Cranstan (2000), Mauro, et al
(1987), Gunathilagaraj, et al (1998), Haribal (1992), Mani (1995), Pradhan (1992),
Saxena (1992). Observations
Table No.2: Name of Butterflies and insects observed in the campus
Family Scientific name Common name
Gryllotalpidae Neocurtilla sps Mole cricket
Nimobiinae Acheta sps Ground crickets
Acrididae Poicelocera picta Printed grasshopper
Subfam:Scarabaein
ae Geotrupes sps Dung beetles
Subfam:Centoniinae Osmoderma sps Flower beetles
Subfam:Dynastinae Dynastes sps Rhinoceros beetles
Cicindelidae Cicindela sps Tiger beetles
Coccinelidae Hippodamia sps Ladybird beetles
Chrysomelidae Crioceris sps. Leaf beetles
Subfam:Cassidinae Cassida sps. Tortoise beetles
Danaidae Eulopoea core core Common crow
Danaus chrysippus chrysippus Plain tiger
Danaus genutia genutia Striped tiger
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Tirumala limniace exoticus Blue tiger
Nymphalidae Précis iphita iphita Chocolate pansy
Précis almana almana Peocock pansy
Précis lemonias lemonias Lemon pansy
Ariadne merione merione Common castor
Précis atlites Grey pansy
Pieridae
Eurema blanda
sihetana
Three spot grass
yellow
Eurema hecabe simulata Common grass yellow
Delias eucharis Common jezebel
Castalius rosimon rosimon Common pierrot
Papilionidae Papilio polytes romulus Common mormon
Pachliopta aristolochiae Common rose
Graphium agamemnon menid Tailed jay
Papilio machaon Yellow swallowtail
Satyridae Mycalesis ssubdita Bush brown
Melanitis leda leda Common evening brown
Sphingidae Acherontia atropos Head hawkmoth
Apidae Honey bees
Subfamily Apinae Apis mellifera Honey bees
Apis indica Honey bees
17
The insect fauna of College Campus is dominated by order Lepidoptera,
followed by Coleoptera and others. The Lepidopteran fauna i.e. butterflies and
moths population, diversity is rich during and soon after monsoon and lasts up
to the end of October, and then gradually begins to decline. This may be because
during and after monsoon, most of the vegetation goes from vegetative state to
reproductive state.
During study period due to sufficient rainfall in the month of July and
September while moderate to trace in October and November, the campus was
covered with greenish carpet, sprinkled with yellow, orange, red, pink and violet
colour grass flowers, which made the campus, a wonderful place. Almost all
water bodies on the campus were full and supporting aquatic life. Humidity
observed in the range of 65-95 % while temperature was in the range of 25 to
30oC, with moderate to high wind speed and moderate to low sunny hours. These
fluctuations in the climatic conditions were administrating the diversity and
abundance of insect population.
Sudden peak in insect population of certain species followed by
disappearance of the same, and dominance of another was observed. While some
insect species showed their constant but moderate appearance. Many insect
species were observed in variety of life forms, showing activities such as
camouflage, mimicry, as well as different defensive strategies and migration.
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Recommendations
The wild vegetation needs to be identified and conserved. Signboards could
be put displaying “Conservation area”.
The microhabitats of insects need to be identified and protected. These
include trees, grass-stands, small ponds, anthills, etc.
The fire to grass should be controlled.
Plantation of exotic species has to be avoided.
Patches of wild-flower habitats have to be fenced and protected from
reclamation.
No chemical pesticides should be used within the campus.
All the insect species need to be catalogued, seasonally and preserved to
create a museum display for environmental education.
Economically useful insect species need to be given special protection. e.g.
honeybees.
Literature on insect fauna of the campus needs to be published.
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BIRD DIVERSITY
In present survey, the avifauna from VWASC College, Phunde campus was
screened carefully for their presence. The existence of species was confirmed by
direct observations. The campus earlier was partial creek receiving tidal water in
the campus. But after reclamation water logging is rare to find. During rainy
season play ground and nearby are hold water and thus attract some waders in
the campus. Following are birds sighted in and around the campus of college.
Table No.3: Bird diversity of VWASC Phunde campus
Sr.
No. Family
Common Name
Scientific name
1 Accipitridae Pallied Harrier Circus macrourus
2 Accipitridae Lesser Spotted Eagle Clangapomarina
3 Accipitridae Black Kite Milvusmigrans
4 Accipitridae Black Shouldered Kite Elanusaxillaris
5 Accipitridae Booted Eagel Hieraaetuspennatus
6 Accipitridae Brahminy Kite Haliastur Indus
7 Accipitridae Crested Serpent Eagle Spilornischeela
8 Accipitridae Shikra Accipiter badius
9 Accipitridae Short Toed Snake Eagle Circaetusgallicus
10 Acrocephalidae Blyth‟s Reed Warbler Acrocephalusdumetorum
11 Aegithinidae Common Iora Aegithinatiphid
12
Alaudidae
Ashy-Crowned Sparrow
Lark
Eremopterixgriseus
13 Alcedinidae Common Kingfisher Alcedoatthis
14 Anatidae Spot Billed Duck Anaspoecilorhyncha
15 Apodidae Asian Palm Swift Cypsiurusbalasiensis
16 Ardeidae Indian Pond Heron Ardeolagrayii
17
Ardeidae
Black Crowned Night
Heron
Nycticoraxnycticorax
18 Ardeidae Grey Heron Ardeacinerea
19 Ardeidae Great Egret Ardea alba
20 Ardeidae Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis
21 Ardeidae Little Egret Egrettagarzetta
22 Ardeidae Purple Heron Ardeapurpurea
23 Bucerotidae Indian Grey Hornbill Ocycerosbirostris
24 Camephagidae Small Minivet Pericrocotuscinnamomeus
25 Ciconiidae Painted Stork MycteriaLeucocephala
26 Cisticolidae Grey Breasted Prinia Priniahodgsonii
27 Cisticolidae Ashy Prinia Priniasocialis
28 Cisticolidae Common Tailorbird Orthotomussutorius
29 Cerylidae Pied Kingfisher Cerylerudis
30 Charadriidae Little Ringed Plover Charadriusdubius
20
31 Charadriidae Red Wattled Lapwing Vanellusindicus
32 Columbidae Spotted Dove Spilopeliachinensis
33 Columbidae Rock Dove Columba livia
34 Columbidae Laughing Dove Spilopeliasenegalensis
35 Corvidae House Crow Corvussplendens
36 Corvidae Indian Jungle Crow Corvus culminates
37 Coraciidae Indian Roller Coraciasbenghalensis
38 Cuculidae Greater Coucal Centropussinesis
39 Cuculidae Asian Koel Eudynamysscolopacea
40 Dichruridae Ashy Drongo Dicrurusleucophaeus
41 Dichruridae Black Drongo Dicrurusmacrocercus
42 Estrildidae Scaly Breasted Munia Lonchurapunctulata
43 Estrildidae White RumpedMunia Lonchurastriata
44 Hirundinidae Barn Swallow Hirundorustica
45 Halcyonidae White Throated Kingfisher Halcyon smyrnensis
46 Jaconidae Bronze Winged Jacana Metopidiusindicus
47 Laniidae Long Tailed Shrike Laniusschach
48 Laniidae Bay Backed Shrike Laniusvittatus
49 Magalaimidae Coppersmith Barbet Megalaimahaemacephala
50 Meropidae Green Bee Eater Meropsorientalis
51 Motacillidae White Wagtail Matacilla alba
52 Motacillidae Grey Wagtail Motacillacinerea
53 Motacillidae Paddy Field Pipit Anthusrufulus
54 Monarchidae Asian Paradise Flycatcher Terpsiphone paradise
55 Muscicapidae Indian Robin Saxicoloidesfulicatus
56 Muscicapidae Pied Bushchat Saxicoacaprata
57 Muscicapidae Stonechat Saxicolarubicoa
58 Nectariniidae Purple Rumped Sunbird Leptocomazeylonica
59 Pandionidae Osprey Pandionhaliaetus
60 Passeridae House Sparrow Passer domesticus
61 Phalacrocoracidae
Little Cormorant Microcarboniger
62 Phalacrocoracidae
Indian Cormorant Phalacrocoraxfuscicollis
63 Phoenicopteridae
Lesser Flamingo Phoenicopterus minor
64 Phoenicopteridae
Greater Flamingo Phoenicopterusroseus
65 Phylloscopidae Common Chiffchaff Phylloscopuscollybita
66 Phylloscopidae Greater Warbler Phylloscopustrochiloides
67 Ploceidae Baya Weaver Ploceidaeploceus
68 Psittaculidae Alexandrine Parakeet Psittaculaeupatria
69 Psittaculidae Rose Ringed Parakeet Psittaculakrameri
70 Recurviroscridae Black Winged Stilt Himantopushimantopus
71 Rhipiduridae White Browed Fantail Phipiduraaureola
72 Scolopacidae Wood Sandpiper Tringaglateola
73 Scolopacidae Common Sandpiper Actitishypoleucos
74 Scolopacidae Common Redshank Tringa tetanus
21
75 Scolopacidae Curlew Sandpiper Calidrisferruginea
76 Scolopacidae Marsh Sandpiper Tringastagnatilis
77 Scolopacidae Little Stint Calidirsminuta
78 Stringidae Spotted Owl Strixoccidentalis
79 Sturnidae Common Myna Acridotherestristis
80 Threskiornithida
e
Glossy Ibis Plegadisfalcinellus
81 Tytonidae Barn Owl Tyto alba
82 Zosceropidae White Eye Zosteropslateralis
During the study period, the efforts were made to study the Vertebrate
(Tetrapoda) species of College campus and adjoining area for the preparation of
checklist from direct observations and from signs and tracks. Extensive surveys
were also conducted and the checklist has been prepared to ascertain the status
and richness of Tetrapoda diversity of campus area.
Observations on the bird species reveals that, there are about 44 species of
birds found in Park area and which are from 29 families distributed over 38
genera. Recommendations
Avoid the burning of leaf litter in the campus.
Prevent the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
Restriction or marked use of vehicles in campus area.
If possible there should be the arrangement of artificial ponds as a source
of potable water specially in summer season
Plantation of seed bearing and flowering plants.
Periodical observations of animals in campus area to update the data.
22
BIODIVERSITY AUDIT ANALYSIS
List of Activities and documentary evidences have been assessed (last 5
years) from the data obtained from VWASC College, Phunde. Documentation on
Biodiversity has been assessed w.r.t. protection, conservation, and its
management from the institution. 1. Documentary evidences of various activities (related to environment)
conducted by the institution.
This College has waste collection points and guidance for the disposal of
Waste paper, cardboards, glass, plastic, e-waste, hazardous waste, etc.
The college takes initiatives to raises the environmental related issues
among its staff/students/visitors so as to have hygienic clean and pollution
free college campus.
This College is in practice to minimize the consumption of water and
enhances ground water level by „Rainwater harvesting Practices‟.
The college take initiatives to reducing the consumption of electricity
through
Progressive replacement of light bulbs with energy efficient LED
bulbs.
Awareness among the staff and students to turn off the
electrical appliances when not in use through proper boards in
suitable places.
Conservation of energy by promoting the use of daylight,
conducting frequent preventive and corrective maintenance.
The College has installed solar power systems through 26 solar
panels on the Arts & Commerce wing building.
The Waste bins are placed to maintain a clean and tidy campus at proper
places.
The organic waste in the college campus is recycled in Vermicomposting
units.
The green campus is maintained through adequate tree plantation by the
college NSS, NCC along with active participation of DP World Port.
2. Tree plantation activities within the campus and outside campus area in
last five years.
Tree plantation campaign in adopted villages and college campus through
NSS activity has been carried out.
23
Socio-economic survey, water testing and plant survey, bird survey and
historical place rejuvenation carried out through various departmental
activities.
Tree plantation & maintenance has been carried out every year in the
campus.
3. Any eco-friendly/environment friendly practice carried out by the
institution within campus or outside campus.
Installation of Solar units on Arts & Commerce Wing building.
Vermi-compost units on college lawn for organic waste recycling into
organic fertilizers.
Glass sliding windows are in all the buildings giving cross ventilation and
even lot of sunlight in turn reduces burden on use of electricity.
4. Total area of campus with map.
Table No. 4: Area of Campus Building
Science wing
Building
Rooms Area
Classroom 6 Approx. 705 Sq. feet
each
Classroom 1 Approx. 273 Sq. feet
each
Laboratory Chemistry 1+1 Well equipped with Marble
platform student capacity 30+15
Total Area 1136 + 564 Sq. Feet
Laboratory Zoology1+1
Well equipped with Marble platform student capacity 30+ 20
Total Area 1136+
564Sq. Feet
Laboratory Botany Total Area 770 Sq. Feet
Laboratory Physics Total Area 705 Sq. Feet
Department of Geography Total Area 90 Sq. Feet
Gymkhana Total Area 770 Sq. Feet
IQAC Room Approx. 285 Sq. Feet
Department of Zoology Approx. 285 Sq.
24
Feet
Toilet block First Floor Girls
Second Floor Boys
Arts & Commerce
Wing Building
Rooms Area
Classroom -5 Approx. 725 Sq.
Feet each
Administrative Office Approx. 725 Sq.
Feet
Principal Office Approx. 360 Sq. feet
Conference Hall Approx. 360 Sq. feet
Staff Room Approx. 440 Sq. feet
Exam Room Approx. 285 Sq. feet
Laboratories IT – 2 Approx. 725 Sq. feet
each
Library 1+1 Approx. 1150 Sq.
feet each
Toilet block Girls & boys On each floor
Yoga Centre 846 Sq. Feet
Reading Space 704 Sq. Feet
Women’s Hostel Building
Rooms Area
Girls Common Room Approx. 334 Sq. Feet
Health Centre Approx. 193 Sq. feet
Visitor Room Approx. 224 Sq. feet
Store Room Approx. 217 Sq. feet
Dept. Of Hindi Approx. 243 Sq. feet
Counselling Centre Approx. 245 Sq. feet
NCC Approx. 245 Sq. feet
Dept. of Rural Development. Approx. 242 Sq. Feet
Dept. of Marathi Approx. 224 Sq. Feet
Dept. of Commerce Approx. 243 Sq. Feet
Administrative Block
Room Area
Meeting Room 459.37 Sq. Feet
Principal Cabin 345.50 Sq. Feet
Anti-Chamber 87.31 Sq. Feet
Store Room 110.10 Sq. Feet
Cabin – 1 89.72 Sq. Feet
Cabin – 2 49.92 Sq. Feet
Cabin – 3 49.92 Sq. Feet
Cabin – 4 49.92 Sq. Feet
25
Cabin – 5 89.72 Sq. Feet
O. S. Room 99.61 Sq. Feet
Server Room 45.52 Sq. Feet
Waiting area 259.35 Sq. feet
Toilet – 1 27.09 Sq. feet
Toilet – 2 25.33 Sq. feet
Toilet – 3 25.33 Sq. feet
W. C. -1 13.81 Sq. feet
W. C. -2 13.81 Sq. feet
Caféteria 461.90 Sq. feet
Kitchen 196.87 Sq. feet
Auditorium 2012.50 Sq. feet
Pantry 136.88 Sq. feet
Toilet – 1 25.33 Sq. feet
Toilet – 2 25.33 Sq. feet
W. C. -1 13.81 Sq. feet
W. C. -2 13.81 Sq. feet
Record Room 943.66 Sq. feet
5. Mode of environmental consciousness generated amongst students,
teaching staff, non-teaching staff of the institution, etc.
Awareness programmes and interaction with students, teaching staff and
non-teaching staff for the attitudinal change for adopting environmentally
sustainable lifestyles. 6. Data regarding number and type (2/4 wheelers) of vehicles used by
students, staff members within the campus.
Number of two wheelers: 75
Number of four wheelers: 02 7. Existing electricity requirement and its mode of supply- e.g. MSEB/wind
mill/solar panels/any other mode
1938 unit-MSEB 8. Number of students, teaching staff, non-teaching staff of the institution.
Students- 1406, teaching staff- 40, non-teaching staff-19
37
9. Hazardous waste management done by the institution.
i) Hazardous chemicals used in exact required quantity and very carefully,
list chance of waste formation.
26
ii) Autoclaving of the used culture media is done in the Zoology
departments. 10. Mode of water supply for drinking and for garden.
Drinking water is supplied through CIDCO and for the garden through Drip
system. 11. Environment Policy of the institution if any. Environmental Policy:
Achieving excellence in teaching and research, the college promotes
environmental sustainability, conservation and enhancement of natural
resources to prevent pollution or keep it minimal. College always aims to
eliminate or reduce all the forms of environmental pollution through 3 „R‟s
policy i.e. reduce, reuse and recycle.
12. Number of talks, lectures, slide shows, videos related to environment,
biodiversity, ecology, nature conservation for the students in last five years.
Street play on Save Tree by NSS Swatchha Bharat Abhiyaan Organization of „Road Safety Progamme‟ by N.C.C Unit. The College observe „No Vehicle Day‟ as a part of environment awareness
drive. Bird survey by teachers of college
Organized rally and poster competition for "Save Girl Child”.
During NSS Residential Camp every year.
Organized poster and essay competition on "Save Water” through Watershed treatment.
Students of College participated in Youth Festival organized by University.
Nearby College Campus, forest conservation programme in collaboration
with NGO. College has taken many initiatives for the conservation and
protection of nature and environment.
Green campus: Use of renewable energy sources, installation, Solar panels.
Campaigning „Say No to Plastic‟ on college campus by putting boards in the campus.
Observing „No Vehicle Day‟, „World Biodiversity Day‟, „World Environment Day‟ etc.
Organized National and state level Conference on environmental issues.
Contribution of the faculty and students in cleanliness drive.
Awareness on organic farming through raising vermi-compost units.
Bird monitoring programme has conducted by Department of Zoology.
Wild life photography and painting exhibition was conducted by Department of Zoology.
27
RECOMMENDATIONS
Following are some recommendations to conserve and preserve biodiversity
of the VWASC College, Phunde are given below. These could form the basis of any
action plan to prepare a full catalogue of campus biodiversity and undertake
scientific conservation measures.
Development of college nursery or botanical garden, butterfly garden etc.
Garden needs to plant indigenous flowering plants which flower for whole
year and readily available for insects and birds.
Signboards could be displayed on plants in the campus area.
Plantation of exotic species has to be avoided in the future plantation
program.
No chemical pesticides should be used within the campus.
Use organic manure or Vermicomposting.
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