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Dynamic Power Allocation fConnected Super capacitor
1M.Tech student, 2Assistant Professor,
Abstract
In some areas where electricity is not available
Standalone microgrid with renewable energy
source is a better solution to overcome
discontinuous electricity problems
popular inexhaustible energy sources are
Hydrogen cells, PV, wind and Geothermal energy.
Amidall the available inexhaustible
PV-microgrid is the one of the popular
available toelectricity need rural areas
Batteries are electrochemical cell
can be charged electrically to deliver
discharged electrical charge when needed. By
doing these charging and discharging
battery may subjected to stresses.To mitigate these
stresses the existing methods consist of Energy
storage system(ESS) technology.
Energy storage system devices,
batteries are popularly used. But due to high
charging rate and discharging rate
LA batteries are decreased.
The proposing method describes a novel multi
supercapacitor-battery HESS with fuzzy logic
controller and its analogousenergy
system.This was progressed by
supercapacitorHybridization and double battery
mode that includes super capacitor and two
batteries of dissimilarcharacteristics
economy LA battery was primary ESS
absorbs low frequency fluctuations and
battery is the secondary ESS which
medium frequency fluctuations. The power division
between the two is control by a scaling factor
willvary in different ways. MATLAB SIMULINK
model is utilized to analyze the working
proposing multilevel Supercapacitor
HESS.Simulation outputs conveyed
proposingmulti-level Supercapacitor
with fuzzy controller can reduce the battery
stresses very effectively and thereby enhances
allocation of power in the system.
Dynamic Power Allocation for Standalone PVnnected Super capacitor-Battery by Using Hybrid Energy
Storage System
1Pendela Madhava,2Sri.S.Sridharrofessor, 3Lecturer (ABIT): Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
JNTUA College of Engineering, Ananthapuramu, A.P, India
re electricity is not available,a
id with renewable energy
solution to overcome the
problems.Currently the
sources are Tidal,
eothermal energy.
inexhaustible energy models
popular options
areas.
electrochemical cells and these
charged electrically to deliver power or
discharged electrical charge when needed. By
charging and discharging processes,
battery may subjected to stresses.To mitigate these
consist of Energy
technology.Amid multiple
,lead acid(LA)
. But due to high
charging rate and discharging rate the lifecycle of
The proposing method describes a novel multi-level
with fuzzy logic
energy managing
bythe battery-
and double battery
super capacitor and two
cteristics.The low
primary ESS device that
low frequency fluctuations and Li-ion
the secondary ESS which absorbs the
tuations. The power division
by a scaling factor, it
MATLAB SIMULINK
the working of the
proposing multilevel Supercapacitor-battery
conveyed that the
level Supercapacitor-battery HESS
can reduce the battery
hereby enhancesthe
I. INTRODUCTION
Generally till now many areas
electrical supply.So aStandalone microgrid
provided by inexhaustible energ
a better solution to give reliable electrical supply
Currently, the popular
energysources includeTidal, hydrogen cells,
energy, geothermal and photovoltaic (PV)
Amid allthe available inexhaustible
solar basedPV micro-grid was
for electricity need areas. For
the rural houses located in outer
Fig1.illustrate solar energy power profile
an estimating energy usage structure in
In village areas PV energy is sometimes increasing
and sometimes decreasing. Due to this intermittent
nature the fluctuations will occurred
These fluctuations will cause imbalance
load and generation. So
system(ESS) was needed to decrease
difference between load and generation
ESSenhances the energy usage by diminishing the
power difference between load and generation by
storing extra power in the course of peak power
generation and delivers the reserve
peak time to load. ESSplays paramount
remunerating the reactive power,
voltage fluctuations and flicker
Fig.1.load contour and PV power
inAnantapur.
or Standalone PV-micro grid y Using Hybrid Energy
Storage System
Sri.S.Sridhar,3S.Sunil Naik and Electronics Engineering,
Ananthapuramu, A.P, India.
INTRODUCTION
areas are lacking from
Standalone microgrid
energy sources might be
ion to give reliable electrical supply.
renewable electrical
Tidal, hydrogen cells, wind
photovoltaic (PV) source.
inexhaustibleenergy models
was most popular option
. For example, let us take
outer partof Anantapur. energy power profile and
structure in rural areas.
is sometimes increasing
decreasing. Due to this intermittent
occurred in the system.
ause imbalance between
So, anenergy storage
needed to decrease the power
load and generation.
ESSenhances the energy usage by diminishing the
power difference between load and generation by
storing extra power in the course of peak power
the reserve powerduring off
plays paramount role in
ng the reactive power, extinguish the
and flickering.
and PV power variations
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Volume 5, Issue 10, October/2018
ISSN NO: 1076-5131
Page No:538
Among ESS devices, lead acid (LA) batte
popularly using. LAbattery wasa economy less and
robust device. But the snag of LA battery is
smalllifetime predominantlywhile
in cycling applications. The major
factors of LA batteries are
charging/discharging rates, more
LAbattery would work only
charging/discharging cycles which makes
uneconomical as the ESS was major cost device
PV-microgrid.
To control above problems, Hybrid energy storage
systems (HESS) were proposed. HESS
working of numerous ESS devices to neutralize
weakness of storage elements. Most of the
works make clear that HESS has a capacity of
expanding thebattery life.
The major focus of HESS was
damaged load conditions such as
charging/discharging electrical current t
device. Ideally LA battery must
exchange of energy, as a consequence
mismatch betweengeneration and
acquiring the efficient power allotment
ESS elements, bidirectional DC to
are using along with power manag
(PMS). The premier focus of the
Increase the efficiency of energy and power quality
(2) To increase the ESS device lifetime
Among HESS modelsSupercapacitor
is efficiently used in microgrid applications.
Bidirectional DC/DC converters are
allocating the power to the SCand battery
respectively. However, this technique requires
moreDC/DC converters, so it drastically
the complexity of system and total
of the system. Kollimallaetal presented a
actively controlled battery-supercapacitor
with Energy management system, which
controlspower generation-load demand
then utilized the battery current error to monitor
power flow in the SC. But the control technique
was application basedand which won’t suitable
other available systems. A battery
HESS with moreSupercapacitor modules
caneffectively reduce battery stress
controlledSupercapacitor module allowed the more
range of power requirements, which increase
overall efficiencyand ductility of system
multiple number of Supercapacitor
increase total cost and complexity of the system
lead acid (LA) battery is
a economy less and
of LA battery is
it wasoperating
. The major lifeshortening
factors of LA batteries are over
, more DOD. A
only for less
cycles which makes
ESS was major cost device in
ybrid energy storage
. HESSexploitsthe
devices to neutralizethe
. Most of the research
HESS has a capacity of
was to direct the
conditions such as fluctuations in
current to ESS
battery must respond to
, as a consequence of the
generation and load. For
ment to multiple
bidirectional DC to DC converters
management system
the PMS is (1)
and power quality
lifetime.
apacitor-battery HESS
in microgrid applications.
DC/DC converters are using to
to the SCand battery
his technique requires
drastically increases
tal economic value
presented aparallel
supercapacitor HESS
management system, which
load demand difference
error to monitorthe
the control technique
which won’t suitable to
battery-Supercapacitor
apacitor modules
stresses. The self-
apacitor module allowed the more
which increased the
system. But the
apacitormodules
of the system.
This paper presenting a new
technique and its PMS which was evolv
battery-SC hybridization.It involves in
model that includesSupercapacitor
of dissimilarcharacteristics
low cost primary battery is LA battery
absorb low frequency fluctuations, whereas
secondary batteryis Li-ion battery
medium to high frequency fluctuation
allocation of power between them is fixed through
a scaling factor. While high frequency power
absorbed by SC. The error in the LA
battery and supercapacitor is reduced by using the
PI controllers connected to each batteries and SC.
In this paper for decreasing the
PI controller was replaced by using the FUZZY
logic controller.
II. SUPERCAPACITOR
HESS MODELS
In Supercapacitor-Battery HESS
devices are connected to either a common AC or
DC bus. But for a standalone PV micro
bus wasfavored because synchronization is
needed so it reduces the complexity
The following types are using
different Supercapacitor-battery HESS models
connected to common DC bus
A. Battery-only HESS
A conventional battery connected solar
microgrid is presented in fig.
power differences between load and generation
battery bank is connected through DC bus.
This battery regulates the imbalances
charging and discharging processes.
Fig.2. PV microgrid with Battery only ESS
This will perform very effectively during stable
operation. But whenever the fluctuations occurred
a new multilevel HESS
which was evolved by the
hybridization.It involves in two battery
apacitor and 2 batteries
and chemistries. The
is LA battery which will
equency fluctuations, whereas
ion battery that absorbs
frequency fluctuations. The
between them is fixed through
high frequency power is
error in the LA battery,Li-ion
ry and supercapacitor is reduced by using the
PI controllers connected to each batteries and SC.
In this paper for decreasing the error in the system,
replaced by using the FUZZY
SUPERCAPACITOR-BATTERY
Battery HESS, the two ESS
connected to either a common AC or
one PV micro-grid DC
synchronization is not
complexity in the system.
The following types are using toanalyzethe
battery HESS models
connected to common DC bus.
A conventional battery connected solar based
in fig.2. To diminishing the
between load and generation,a
through DC bus.
tery regulates the imbalances through
charging and discharging processes.
with Battery only ESS
This will perform very effectively during stable
operation. But whenever the fluctuations occurred
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Volume 5, Issue 10, October/2018
ISSN NO: 1076-5131
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the battery needs to performat all times. Due to th
the stresses will develop in battery thereby the life
of battery will reduce.
B. Passive SC-Battery HESS
In present years the Supercapacitor
hybridization for a solar based
becoming more popular. It is found that by
hybridization of SC and battery,the
will decreased by allocating the high frequency
power to Supercapacitor.
Supercapacitor-Battery HESS consist of a
supercapacitor and battery shuntly connected is
presented in fig.3. This topology
any active control mechanism. So it decreases the
complexity and total cost of system.
thebattery and SC were linked with
bus,there will be a chance of terminal voltage
mismatch. So to avoid this HESS must be designed
very carefully. The distribution of load currents is
determined by interior capacitance and resistances
of the both ESS
Fig.4.(a) Equivalent circuit model of passive SC
Where Vco is the initial voltage ofSupercapacitor
is the peak load current, T is time period
ratio and i0(t) is output current. From the above
(1), the allocation of power between battery and
supercapacitor was found by interior
Rb, Rc andsupercapacitor capacity C. In passive
connected HESS the power sharing is
throughout the operation. From fig.4 (
terminal voltage sharing of SC was similar to
at all times. Due to this
in battery thereby the life
Supercapacitor-Battery
ybridization for a solar basedmicrogrid is
becoming more popular. It is found that by
hybridization of SC and battery,the battery stresses
the high frequency
The passive
Battery HESS consist of a
nd battery shuntly connected is
This topology doesn’t require
hanism. So it decreases the
system. But as
with same DC
,there will be a chance of terminal voltage
HESS must be designed
very carefully. The distribution of load currents is
capacitance and resistances
f the both ESS devices.
Fig.3. PV microgrid with passive SC
The equivalent circuit of passively linked SC and
battery was presented in fig.4 (
Supercapacitor is processed
C and series resistance Rc and
was done by ideal voltage source Vb having
resistance ofRb. The battery
Supercapacitor branch current i
circuit model of passive SC-battery HESS (b)Power sharing of passive HESS with
itial voltage ofSupercapacitor, Io
is time period, D is duty
From the above eq
between battery and
interior resistances
supercapacitor capacity C. In passively
connected HESS the power sharing is constant
fig.4 (b) as the
terminal voltage sharing of SC was similar to
battery,the SC in the passive
topology is underutilized.
C. Parallel active SC-Battery HESS
The minimum controllable nature of passive
connected Supercapacitor-
addressed by interconnecting
employing bidirectional DC to DC
passive SC-Battery HESS
t circuit of passively linked SC and
fig.4 (a). The modeling of
by a high capacitance
series resistance Rc and modeling of battery
oltage source Vb having series
The battery current ib(t) and
Supercapacitor branch current ic(t) is derived as
HESS with periodical load
,the SC in the passively constructed HESS
Battery HESS
controllable nature of passive
-battery HESS was
rconnecting the ESS devices
bidirectional DC to DC converters. Due
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to this exchange of power will be done with full
control between energy storage devices.
separation of ESS with DC bus cause
life, good efficiency and flexibility among HESS
devices. The operation of active controlled HES
depends on power management and
control strategy.
A active HESS was presented in fig.5
and batterywere shuntly connected to
through DC to DC converters. T
employed to absorb the low frequency power
fluctuations, whereas supercapacitor was employed
to absorb the high frequency fluctuations
Fig.5.PV microgrid with parallel active SC
HESS
will be done with full
control between energy storage devices. The
with DC bus cause better cycle
flexibility among HESS
of active controlled HESS is
and corresponding
in fig.5, where SC
were shuntly connected to DC bus
DC to DC converters. The battery was
low frequency power
percapacitor was employed
fluctuations.
active SC-battery
Fig.6. power sharing technique
HESS.
Control scheme of active
corresponding PMS strategy was presented
In this PMS strategy a Low pass
employed to reduce the battery stresses by
decomposing the low frequency component of
power demand PHESS. The battery and SC
power signals (PBATT, PSC) were
their control loops and through PI controller
alterbattery current IBATT
current ISC valuesby controlling the duty ratio(D) of
pulse width modulation(PWM) signals.
D. Multi-level HESS with PI controller
Even though SC-battery HESS
battery stresses, but due to fina
problemssuch as converters power rating and
supercapacitor size, the HESS will perform less
to overcome the above problems a multi
supercapacitor-battery HESS model
corresponding PMS strategy
used. The multi-level Supercapac
model by using PI controller is presented
Unlike the above control strategies
mechanism used the two batteries named primary
battery and secondary battery
hybridization, the allocation of power
devices will be improved. Here the primary
battery will hold the more capacity of total
and secondary battery will hold the less capacity
battery capacity. LA battery was operating
asprimary battery and Li-ion battery was
as secondary battery.By using this topology it is
viable to yield smoother battery current I
same capacity of SC. In rainy seasons PV
generation will be decreased. So in these
a diesel generator was a backup
connects to the HESS. The co
generator was done by the PMS
battery SOC is below 40 percent
will charge the primary battery
discharge. The analysis in paper was
considering that electrical
generation is continuous.
Power management of multi-
presented in fig.8. The overall power in
(PHESS) was categorized into three frequency range
powers by using two low pass
power sharing technique of active SC-battery
actively HESS and
corresponding PMS strategy was presented in fig.6.
strategy a Low pass filter(LPF) was
the battery stresses by
decomposing the low frequency component of
The battery and SC reference
) were passed through
control loops and through PI controller for
and supercapacitor
y controlling the duty ratio(D) of
pulse width modulation(PWM) signals.
level HESS with PI controller
battery HESS was diminishedthe
, but due to financial and technical
such as converters power rating and
, the HESS will perform less. So
e problems a multilevel
battery HESS model and the
strategy with PI controller was
level Supercapacitor-battery HESS
PI controller is presented in fig.7.
ke the above control strategies,this control
mechanism used the two batteries named primary
tery. Due to this higher
allocation of power between ESS
devices will be improved. Here the primary LA
capacity of total capacity
dary battery will hold the less capacity of
battery was operating
on battery was operating
By using this topology it is
smoother battery current IBATTwith
same capacity of SC. In rainy seasons PV
generation will be decreased. So in these conditions
a backup source which
to the HESS. The controlling of diesel
generator was done by the PMS. Whenever the LA
is below 40 percent, diesel generator
will charge the primary battery to avoid deep
The analysis in paper was done by
considering that electrical supply through PV
-level HESS is
e overall power in HESS
into three frequency range
by using two low pass filters (LPF).
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Fig.7. multi-level SC-battery HESS with PI controller
in standalone PV microgrid
The low frequency power is the reference to
primary battery, while the medium frequency
power of the PHESS is the referenceto
battery and high frequency power of
used as the reference to the Supercapacitor.
using scaling factor W1 low frequency power also
allocated to secondary battery.
Fig.8.power sharing techniquefor the multi
battery HESS with PI controller
E. Proposed multi-level HESS with Fuzzy logic
controller
A Fuzzy controller is proposed in place of PI
controller in the multilevel HESS model
battery HESS with PI controller
the reference to
primary battery, while the medium frequency
the referenceto the secondary
battery and high frequency power of the PHESS is
the Supercapacitor. By
using scaling factor W1 low frequency power also
for the multi-level SC-
HESS with Fuzzy logic
controller is proposed in place of PI
HESS model.
Fig.9.power allocation strategy for the proposed multi
level HESS with Fuzzy logic controller
Eventhough PMS strategy of
using PI controller reduces the
and thereby reduces the battery stresses
Fuzzy controller will decrease
and thereby mitigate the battery stresses very
efficiently. So the power utilization
will improve.
III. NUMERICAL ANALYSIS
The Matlab Simulink diagram of
HESS with fuzzy logic controller is presented
fig.10. The simulation conditions
used in the model are tabled in Table
controlling of the currents from/to LA battery, Li
ion battery and SC to/from DC bus three
bidirectional DC/DC buck-
used. The total power PHESS is classified as
3types i.e. low power frequency
frequency and high frequency power. Low power
frequency is given to primary
frequency power is given to secondary battery and
high frequency power is given
LA battery is operating as primary batt
Li-ion battery is operating
because of its higher rating
SOC range is more compared to
The scaling factor W1 is set at
SC and batteries were assumed
perfect mode.
power allocation strategy for the proposed multi-
HESS with Fuzzy logic controller
PMS strategy of multi-level HESS by
controller reduces the error in the PHESS
by reduces the battery stresses,but the
roller will decrease the error effectively
and thereby mitigate the battery stresses very
utilization in the system
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS
ulink diagram of proposing
fuzzy logic controller is presented in
fig.10. The simulation conditions and elements
are tabled in Table1. For
the currents from/to LA battery, Li-
to/from DC bus three
-boost converters are
power PHESS is classified as
types i.e. low power frequency, medium power
uency power. Low power
is given to primary LA battery,medium
frequency power is given to secondary battery and
high frequency power is given to Supercapacitor.
as primary battery while
as secondary battery
rating; longer lifetime and
range is more compared to lead acid battery.
The scaling factor W1 is set at0.95. The SOCs of
assumedto be operating in
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Volume 5, Issue 10, October/2018
ISSN NO: 1076-5131
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Fig.10.Matlab Simulink model of the proposing
Fig.11. 5kw PV generation power profile of
The Simulated power of 5kw Photovoltaic
a sunny day of different loads and cloudy day
normal load recorded in Malaysia is presented
fig.11. The load variations used in the analysis
were collected from survey data. To
working of the multilevel HESS with fuzzy
proposingHESS with Fuzzy controller
eration power profile of different climate conditions in anantapur.
The Simulated power of 5kw Photovoltaic array of
and cloudy day with
recorded in Malaysia is presented in
fig.11. The load variations used in the analysis
data. To analyze the
SS with fuzzy
controller and already existed
models, three different condi
considered and these are presented
are (a) sunny day with normal load (b) sunny day
with heavy load (c) cloudy day with normal load.
ready existed different HESS
three different conditions of loads are
presented in fig.13. These
are (a) sunny day with normal load (b) sunny day
(c) cloudy day with normal load.
JASC: Journal of Applied Science and Computations
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ISSN NO: 1076-5131
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Fig.12. Estimated load power variations
Fig.13. Simulink conditions employed for assess the operation
TABLE 1
PARAMETERS AND CORRESPONDING VALUES OF MATLAB SIMULINK MODEL
ParameterBattery-only ESS Passive-HESS
PV module max power (kw) energy consumption in day(kwh) Battery voltage(v) Primary Battery capacity(Ah) Secondary battery capacity(Ah) Battery internal resistance(Ohm) Supercapacitor capacitance(f) SC series resistance(Ohm) Scaling factor W1 Time-constant(primary LPF)(Sec) Time-constant (secondary LPF)(Sec)
To analyze the comparison between the
HESS modeland remaining HESS models
Simulink models of a standalone solar micro
with battery connected ESS, passive
battery-SC HESS, actively connectedHESS and
load power variations of the rural site.
for assess the operation of different HESS models.
PARAMETERS AND CORRESPONDING VALUES OF MATLAB SIMULINK MODEL
HESS Actively-HESS Proposing-HESS
5- - 27.4 --
48 -- 10001000 1000 950
- - - 0.005 0.005 0.005
- 10001000 - 0.001 0.001 0.001
- -- - --
- --
comparison between the proposing
HESS models,the
Simulink models of a standalone solar micro-grid
ESS, passively connected
connectedHESS and
multilevel HESS using PI controller are designed
with same Supercapacitor and battery parameters.
The primary battery current variations of
multi-level HESS with fuzzy
remaining existing topologies
fig.14. As the SC time constant
- - -
50 0.005
1000 0.001
0.95 600 300
PI controller are designed
with same Supercapacitor and battery parameters.
The primary battery current variations of the
level HESS with fuzzy controller and
remaining existing topologies are presented in
ime constant is within the
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seconds, the smoothness of the passive
HESS is almost constant. And also the peak value
ofbattery current is smallest in proposing HESS
among the five topologies (see table 2).
From fig.15.Thechanges in the SOC of battery
didn’t show any majorvariations amongall
topologies. This is because of the constant
frequency average power component.
current in the whole day for different HESS models
were presented in fig.14.
To find out the efficiency of SC utilization in
multiple HESS models,the variations in SOC
supercapacitor [(max SC SOC)-(min SC SOC)]
analyzed shown in fig.16. and Table
IV. SIMULATION RESULTS
Fig.14 (a) Primary battery currents of Battery
Fig.14 (
Fig.14(c) Primary battery currents of active
assively connected
. And also the peak value
in proposing HESS
the five topologies (see table 2).
changes in the SOC of battery
variations amongall HESS
of the constant low
power component. Battery
ay for different HESS models
y of SC utilization in
,the variations in SOC of
(min SC SOC)] are
. and Table2. In passively
connectedSC-battery HESS, as the terminal v
sharing of SC is same as
Supercapacitor utilization is lowest among all
topologies i.e.less than 10 percent.
multilevel HESS with fuzzy controller
connected SC-battery
havingapproximately equal Supercapacitor usage
of nearly 60 percent. As a result of high SC
utilization in the proposing
controller,the Supercapacitor
sustaining moreamount of
fluctuations in trading of power
devices and hence highly dynamic
stresses are mitigated with less economic value
SIMULATION RESULTS
Primary battery currents of Battery –only ESS topology
Fig.14 (b) Primary battery currents of Passive HESS model
nts of active-HESS model
, as the terminal voltage
sharing of SC is same as the battery, the
Supercapacitor utilization is lowest among all
10 percent. While the
with fuzzy controller and actively
batteryHESS are
equal Supercapacitor usage
of nearly 60 percent. As a result of high SC
utilization in the proposingHESS with fuzzy
the Supercapacitorhas the tendency of
amount of high frequency
fluctuations in trading of power between ESS
and hence highly dynamic battery current
ated with less economic value.
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Fig.14(d) Primary battery currents of multi
Fig.14 (e) primary battery currents of proposing multilevel
Fig.15 (a) Primary battery SOC
Fig.15 (b) Primary battery SOC variation in passive
Fig.15(c) Primary battery SOC variation in Active
nts of multi-level HESS with PI-controller
proposing multilevel HESS with Fuzzy controller
Primary battery SOC variation in Battery-only ESS model
Primary battery SOC variation in passive-HESS model
Primary battery SOC variation in Active-HESS model
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Fig.15 (d) Primary battery state of charge variation in mul
Fig.15 (e) Primary battery SOC variation in proposing multi
Fig.16 (a)Supercapacitor SOC variation
Fig16 (b) SupercapacitorSOC variation
Primary battery state of charge variation in multi-level HESS with PI controller
battery SOC variation in proposing multilevel HESS with Fuzzy controller
Supercapacitor SOC variation in Passive-HESS model
variation in Active-HESS model
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Fig.16(c) Supercapacitor SOC variation
Fig.16 (d) Supercapacitor SOC variation
TABLE2
NUMERICAL VALUES OF SIMULATION RESULTS
HESS topologyWeather/Load conditionMax battery current
Battery only ESS Sunny normal
Sunny heavy
Cloudy normal
Passive-HESS Sunny normal
Sunny heavy
Cloudy normal
Active-HESS Sunny normal
Sunny heavy
Cloudy normal
Multi-level HESS Sunny normal
Sunny heavy
Cloudy normal
Proposed HESS Sunny normal
Sunny heavy
Cloudy normal
V. CONCLUSION
As the reliable continuous electrical supply is
major problem in off-grid rural communities, a
Supercapacitor SOC variation in multilevel HESS with PI controller
Supercapacitor SOC variation in proposing multilevel HESS with Fuzzy controller
NUMERICAL VALUES OF SIMULATION RESULTS
HESS topologyWeather/Load conditionMax battery current(A)SC Utilization(%)
80 -
57
72
78
54
69
75
50
67
67
48
68
60
40
62
continuous electrical supply is a
ral communities, a
standalone solar powered
deviceswill be a option to
electrical supply in these areas. Among the ESS
devices, LA batteries are very popularly used. But
-
-
9.9
9.5
9.7
63.9
63.6
62
60.8
63.4
56.9
30
25
28
standalone solar poweredmicrogrid with ESS
to provide continuous
areas. Among the ESS
batteries are very popularly used. But
JASC: Journal of Applied Science and Computations
Volume 5, Issue 10, October/2018
ISSN NO: 1076-5131
Page No:548
due to low lifetime and high cost of LA batteries,
Hybridization of ESS devices with different
characteristicswill give better results. So this paper
proposed a multi-level SC-battery HESS by using
Fuzzy controller for decreasing the battery stresses
in power exchange conditions and thereby enhance
the power efficiency in the system. In this topology
a control strategy named as Power management
system (PMS) is employed by Fuzzy controller and
Low pass filters. To overview the working of this
HESS topology, a Matlab Simulink diagram of
standalone PV microgrid was developed which
gives the good response in mitigating battery
stresses and lifetime also increased by comparing
with other existing models of HESS. The numerical
results showing that the proposing HESS with
fuzzy controller would efficiently decrease the
battery stresses. This suggested that the battery life
can largelyimproved by using the proposed SC-
battery HESS model.
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JASC: Journal of Applied Science and Computations
Volume 5, Issue 10, October/2018
ISSN NO: 1076-5131
Page No:549
JASC: Journal of Applied Science and Computations
Volume 5, Issue 10, October/2018
ISSN NO: 1076-5131
Page No:550