dynamical networks: structural analysis and...

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Giulia Giordano Dipartimento di Matematica e Informatica Università degli Studi di Udine DYNAMICAL NETWORKS: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND SYNTHESIS March 31 st , 2015

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Page 1: DYNAMICAL NETWORKS: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS AND …users.dimi.uniud.it/~giulia.giordano/docs/talks/Gi... · Giulia Giordano Structural Analysis Structural Control Synthesis →Applications

Giulia GiordanoDipartimento di Matematica e Informatica

Università degli Studi di Udine

DYNAMICAL NETWORKS:STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

AND SYNTHESIS

March 31st, 2015

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DYNAMICALNETWORKS

telecommunication / data communication networks

production and distribution systems

(bio)chemical processes

A B C

water distribution networks

synchronizationtraffic management

social networks

biological systemsand ecosystems

Giulia Giordano

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telecommunication / data communication networks

production and distribution systems

(bio)chemical processes

A B C

water distribution networks

synchronizationtraffic management

social networks

biological systemsand ecosystems

1 2

34

5

Giulia Giordano

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1 2

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Dynamical network:subsystems (each with its own dynamics)interconntected by "flows" / interactions

Giulia Giordano

(hyper-)graph representation:

nodes→subsystemsarcs→flows

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1 2

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hyper-graph:flows can require

interactions among more than two compartments

• positive systems• “mass” conservation constraints• flow: interaction between two compartments

graph representation:

nodes→compartmentsarcs→flows

1 2

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Giulia Giordano

Compartmental systems...

...generalised

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Giulia GiordanoA twofold goal

Structural Analysis

...especially meant for...

Structural Control Synthesis

- assess properties independent of parameter values

- based only on the nature of interactions among subsystems (graph topology)

- explain robustness and characteristic behaviours

- interactions not spontaneous, decided based on local information (decentralized)

- control / coordinate the global system behaviour

Natural Systems Man-made Systems

biologically-inspired design: learn from nature

synthetic biology:engineer natural systems

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Giulia Giordano

Structural Analysis

Structural Control Synthesis

→Applications to biochemical systems

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explain behavioursbased on the systeminherent structure

Biological systems are extremely robust:fundamental properties are always preserved

despite huge uncertainties and parameter variations

structure graph

Giulia Giordano

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

(...motifs...)

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Giulia Giordano

Structural: more than robust.

Structural property:satisfied by all the systems of a family

specified by a structure without numerical bounds

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Giulia Giordano

Structural investigation: properties of interest

?

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Giulia Giordano

Structural investigation: system specifications

!

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Piecewise-linear Lyapunov functionsfor structural stability

of biochemical networks

Giulia Giordano

F. Blanchini, G. Giordano, Automatica, vol. 50, n. 10, 2014

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polyhedral (piecewise-linear) Lyapunov functions

x1

x2

x3

x4

X = [ x1 x2 x3 x4 ]

Giulia Giordano

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ODEsystem:

Giulia Giordano

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g0 =influx

ODE system:

S g

Graph:

Giulia Giordano

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polyhedral (piecewise-linear) Lyapunov function?

nonlinear model

monotonedissipativity:

Giulia Giordano

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...lineardifferentialinclusion

diagonal nonnegative matrix

Giulia Giordano

Absorb the system in a...

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Giulia Giordano

Example:

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Giulia Giordano

Their robust stability is equivalent→ same (weak) polyhedral Lyapunov function

Linear differential inclusionassociated with a

linear discrete difference inclusion

Numerical procedurefor finding the unit ball

of the polyhedral Lyapunov function(if any)

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converges to

The system is structurally stable!

Giulia Giordano

Example:

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Giulia Giordano

To prove asymptotic stability→introduce infinitesimal dissipativity

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Giulia Giordano

Enzymatic reaction

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Giulia Giordano

Metabolic network

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Boundedness

• Absorb the system in a positive linear differential inclusion

Giulia Giordano

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stability boundedness

Yes

No

Yes

No

Giulia Giordano

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Structural graph-based classificationof oscillatory and multistationarybehaviours in biochemical systems

Giulia Giordano

F. Blanchini, E. Franco, G. Giordano, Bull Math Biol, vol. 76, n. 10, 2014

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Giulia Giordano

The only admissible instability is oscillatory

All the cycles in the Jacobian graph are negative...

General classification for sign definite-systems:

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Candidate oscillator

Candidate multistable

Giulia Giordano

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Giulia Giordano

Interconnection of monotone subsystems → similar results

Negative feedback interconnectionof two structurally stable monotone subsystems:

oscillator

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Structural steady-state analysis

Giulia Giordano

Input variation

Output variation(at steady state)

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Giulia Giordano

Increase Decrease

Perfect adaptation

Depends on parameters

Efficient numerical algorithmbased on J = BDC decomposition

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Giulia Giordano

Influence matrix:steady-state effectof each variable

on the others

Network fromShinar&Feinberg (2010)

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Giulia Giordano

Influence matrix:steady-state effectof each variable

on the others

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Giulia Giordano

Structural Analysis

Structural Control Synthesis

→Network-decentralized control

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Giulia Giordano

huge number of subsystems

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Giulia Giordano

Control strategy decided locally,but the goal is to govern

the dynamics of the whole system

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Giulia Giordano

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Decentralized control: the feedback matrix has a structure given by the graph

Giulia Giordano

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Giulia Giordano

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Giulia Giordano

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Giulia Giordano

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Giulia GiordanoGiulia GiordanoGiulia Giordano

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Giulia GiordanoGiulia GiordanoGiulia Giordano

We can find a control that is

And under control saturation?

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Giulia Giordano

Acknowledgements:

joint work with

Christian Cuba Samaniego, Elisa Franco,Vahid Mardanlou, Pier Luca Montessoro

my supervisor Franco Blanchini,

VIELEN DANK!

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Giulia Giordano

SOMEEXTRASLIDES

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lineardifferenceinclusion

(1)

(2)

Giulia Giordano

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the trajectoriesof (1)

point inside......the cone

defined by the trajectories of (2)

Giulia Giordano

(1) robustly stable iff (2) robustly stablewith the same (weak) polyhedral Lyapunov function

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Giulia Giordano

Numerical procedure

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Giulia Giordano

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Giulia Giordano

local vs global asymptotic stability

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• A sequence of sets is computedwhich evolves in the positive orthant

• The same idea of the previous procedurecan be applied starting from the unit simplex

BoundednessGiulia Giordano