DYWI® Drill Hollow Bar System

Soil Nailing DYWI® Drill Hollow Bar System

Type R32-210, R32-250, R32-280, R32-320, R32-360, R32-400, Type R38-420, R38-500, R38-550 and Type R51-550, R51-660, R51-800

for short-term or semi-permanent soil nailing applications according to ÖNORM EN 14490

Non-certified translation of approval No. GZ: BMVIT-327.120/0010-IV/ST2/2012Validity periodMay 3, 2012 - May 3, 2017

Soil Nails

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APPROVAL SPECIFICATION SHEET Subject Matter: Soil Nailing DYWI® Drill Hollow Bar System

Type R32-210, R32-250, R32-280, R32-320, R32-360, R32-400,

Type R38-420, R38-500, R38-550 and Type R51-550, R51-660, R51-800 for short-term or semi-permanent soil nailing applications

Proprietor: DYWIDAG-Systems International GmbH Alfred-Wagner-Straße 1

4061 Pasching/Linz Austria Soil nail manufacturer: DYWIDAG-Systems International GmbH

Alfred-Wagner-Straße 1 4061 Pasching/Linz Austria External supervision: TVFA TU GRAZ Area of application: Republic of Austria

Federal roads Reference standard: ÖNORM EN 14490: 2010 Execution of special geotechnical works - Soil nailing This approval comprises 11 pages and 5 enclosures.

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I General Regulations 1 In terms of this approval by the BMVIT (Federal Ministry for Transportation, Innovation

and Technology), the confirmation of serviceability of the approval subject matter is pro-vided. This approval is issued based on non-harmonized technical specifications, without the prejudice to the rights of third parties.

2 The proprietor is responsible for the conformity of the building product with the approval

and warrants all product related usage properties. 3 The approval solely refers to the building product of the named manufacturer. 4 The BMVIT is authorized, at the expense of the approval holder, to verify whether the

designations of this approval and the specification sheet are observed. 5 This approval may be cancelled at any time. This applies particularly in case of new tech-

nical knowledge and standards. 6 The approval and approval specification sheet must only be reproduced in full. Texts and

drawings of advertising brochures may not conflict with the approval.

II Special Regulations Contents

1 Preface 2 Reference standards 3 Description of the soil nailing system 4 Application area 5 Assembly of the soil nailing system and verification procedure

5.1 Components and materials 5.2 Requirements for load-bearing capacity of the soil nailing system 5.3 Injection grout

6 Durability of the soil nailing system 6.1 Corrosion protection 6.2 Exposure to corrosion 6.3 Corrosion rates 7 Installation 8 Testing 8.1 Material testing

8.2 Testing of the soil nail construction Enclosures

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1 Preface Design, construction, testing, and supervision of soil nailing may only be conducted by com-panies with corresponding technical knowledge, experience, and appropriately trained tech-nical personnel. Responsibilities for design, construction, testing, and supervision in the course of a building project must be fixed by contract. The soil nailing comprises of a system approval of self-drilling hollow bar soil nails, consist-ing of a hollow bar with round thread, screwed couplings, and screwed anchorages. The manufacturer of the soil nail components warrants their conformity with the approval. Beyond that, the proprietor bears responsibility. 2 Reference standards

ETAG 013: 2002 Guideline for European Technical approval of post-tensioning kits for prestressing of structures

ÖNORM EN 206-1: 2001 Concrete - Part 1: Specification performance, production and conformity

ÖNORM EN 445: 2008 Grout for prestressing tendons – Test methods ÖNORM EN 446: 2008 Grout for prestressing tendons – Grouting procedures ÖNORM EN 447: 2008 Grout for prestressing tendons – Basic requirements ÖNORM EN 1990: 2003 Eurocode – Basis of structural design ÖNORM EN 1992-1-1: 2007 Eurocode 2 – Design of concrete structures – Part 1-1: Gen-

eral rules and rules for buildingsÖNORM EN 1997-1: 2009 Eurocode 7 – Geotechnical design – Part 1: General rules ÖNORM B 1997-1-1: 2010 Eurocode 7 – Geotechnical design – Part 1: General rules –

National regulations and national supplements ÖNORM EN 1997-1

ÖNORM EN 10025: 2005 Hot rolled products of non-alloy structural steels – Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for flat products

ÖNORM EN 10080: 2005 Steel for the reinforcement of concrete – Weldable reinforc-ing steel – General

ÖNORM EN 10083-1: 2003 Steels for quenching and tempering – Part 1: General tech-nical delivery conditions

ÖNORM EN 10204: 2004 Metallic materials - Types of inspection documents ÖNORM EN 10210-1: 2006 Hot finished structural hollow sections of non-alloy and fine

grain steels – Part 1: Technical delivery conditions ÖNORM EN 10293: 2012 Steel castings for general engineering uses ÖNORM EN 12501-1: 2003 Protection of metallic materials against corrosion – Corro-

sion likelihood in soil – General ÖNORM EN 12501-2: 2003 Protection of metallic materials against corrosion – Corro-

sion likelihood in soil – Low alloyed and non alloyed fer-rous materials

ÖNORM EN 14199: 2005 Execution of special geotechnical works – Micropiles ÖNORM EN 14490: 2010 Execution of special geotechnical works � Soil nailing ÖNORM EN ISO 1461: 2009 Hot dip galvanized coatings on fabricated iron and steel

articles � Specifications and test methods ÖNORM EN ISO 1872-1: 1999 Polyethylene (PE) moulding and extrusion materials. Des-

ignation system and basis for specifications

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ÖNORM EN ISO 1872-2: 2007 Plastics - Polyethylene (PE) moulding and extrusion materi-als – Preparation of test specimens and determination of properties

ÖNORM EN ISO 8492: 2004 Metallic materials – Tube – Flattening test ÖNORM EN ISO 8493: 2004 Metallic materials – Tube – Drift-expanding test ÖNORM EN ISO 9001: 2009 Quality management systems – Requirements ÖNORM EN ISO 10893-2: 2011 Non-destructive testing of steel tubes – Part 2: Automated

eddy current testing of seamless and welded (except sub-merged arc-welded) steel tubes for the detection of imper-fections

ISO 1720: 1974 Rock drilling – Extension drill-steel equipment for percus-sive long-hole drilling – Rope-threaded equipments 1 1/2 to 2 in (38 to 51 mm)

ISO 10208: 1991 Rock Drill Equipment – Left-hand Rope Threads DIN 8061: 2009 Unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC-U) pipes – General

quality requirements and testing DIN 8062: 2009 Unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC-U) pipes – Dimen-

sions 3 Description of the soil nailing system The tendon of the soil nail DYWI® Drill Hollow Bar System is a longitudinally welded tube made of steel for quenching and tempering with a continuous cold rolled rope thread. The nail is installed rotary-percussive with a lost drill bit. While drilling, the hollow bar is used for flushing either with water or a water-cement suspension. After the final installation depth has been reached, a grout body is built-up using cement mortar. The soil nailing system comprises of the following types: Type R32-210, R32-250, R32-280, R32-320, R32-360, R32-400, Type R38-420, R38-500, R38-550 and Type R51-550, R51-660, R51-800

NOTE: “R” means cold rolled rope thread, the numbers 32, 38, and 51 indicate the nominal diameter in mm, and the numbers 210 to 800 the nominal ultimate load value in kN

By using couplings, the hollow bars are connected to a form-fit and force-fit tendon. The an-chorage consists of a domed or flat plate, with a one-side convex hexagonal nut or a domed nut. The service life of the soil nail is defined for a

- short term application (temporary nail) with a service life of up to 2 years - semi-permanent application, depending on soil aggressivity and considering a

time-dependent corrosion rate for a service life of up to 50 years

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The following enclosures contain further detailed specifications of the soil nailing system: Enclosure 1: Design structure of the soil nail DYWI® Drill Hollow Bar System,

technical data of the hollow bar, including dimensions and steel grade Enclosure 2: Geometry and material properties of the hollow bar tendon Enclosure 3: Components of the soil nailing system, including dimensions and steel

grades Enclosure 4: Loss of soil nail load-bearing capacity due to corrosion, design, and

corrosion protection of the nail head Enclosure 5: Installation of soil nails For increased demands on the service life, the soil nailing system is provided in a hot-dip gal-vanized version. 4 Application area

Soil nailing is a construction method for maintaining or increasing the stability of soil by in-stallation of reinforcement elements (soil nails) according to principles of execution of ge-otechnical works. By applying soil nailing, a supporting structure is established. Soil nail loading/stressing primarily occurs in tension. Alongside, bending and shear loading takes place as well. The construction method of soil nailing comprises rock nailing and thereby the following ap-plications: - Stabilization of vertical walls, slopes, or hillsides - Securing construction sites - Securing heading driving in mining and tunneling Principles governing the field of application and execution are specified in the standard for soil nailing ÖNORM EN 14490, which includes information about the execution of soil nail-ing works, geotechnical investigations, construction materials and construction products, de-sign principles, methods of construction sequences as well as the testing and monitoring in the course of soil nail manufacturing. In Appendices A to D, information is given on practical aspects of soil nailing, design principles, and testing of soil nailing systems. Basis of the geotechnical design of soil nails is ÖNORM EN 1997-1 as well as the national appendix ÖNORM B 1997-1. The principles of structure design according to ÖNORM EN 1990 are to be observed. De-mands on structural safety, serviceability, and durability of structures are included as well as structural design according to the limit state in consideration of partial safety factors.

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5 Assembly of the soil nailing system and verification procedure 5.1 Components and materials The supporting member of the soil nail DYWI® Drill Hollow Bar System is a longitudinally HF-welded tempered steel pipe formed of low alloyed strip steel 28Mn6 in accordance with ÖNORM EN 10083-1 with removed inner burrs. Calibration to the desired dimension is ef-fected by a warm-stretch reduction. The longitudinally HF-welded tempered steel pipe con-forms to the harmonized norm ÖNORM EN 10210-1. The applied tempered steel is not men-tioned in the standard. The longitudinally HF-welded tempered steel pipe is delivered with an inspection document 3.1 according to ÖNORM EN 10204 and includes details about a con-tinuous eddy current testing of the pipe in accordance with ÖNORM EN ISO 10893-2, the testing of pipe sections in the ring flattening test in accordance with ÖNORM EN ISO 8492 and in the drift expansion test in accordance with ÖNORM EN ISO 8493. The hollow bar has a continuous cold rolled left-handed round R thread in accordance with ISO 1720 or ISO 10208. The average thread height of 1.6 mm and pitch of 12.7 mm are the same for all types of hollow bars. Three nominal diameters R32, R38, and R51 with equated tensile load capacity are applied: Type R32-210, R32-250, R32-280, R32-320, R32-360, R32-400, Type R38-420, R38-500, R38-550 and Type R51-550, R51-660, R51-800 Standard soil nail lengths are 1, 2, 3, 4 or 6 m. In Appendix 1 the constructional design and in Appendix 2 the technical data of the soil nail is compiled. The characteristics of the hollow bar have been determined following reinforcing steel in ac-cordance with ÖNORM EN 10080, those of the soil nailing system have been determined correspondingly in agreement with the requirements of prestressing systems in accordance with ETAG 013. Using couplings, the nail can be extended up to the intended length. The couplings are manu-factured from seamless tubes of low alloyed tempered steel 34CrMo4 in accordance with ÖNORM EN 10083-1. They are designed identically for each nominal hollow bar diameter in accordance with the respective ultimate tensile load capacity. The internal thread is cut with a central threadstop. The nail head consists of a square domed plate or flat plate of construction steel S235JR after ÖNORM EN 10025 and a one-sided convex hexagonal nut made of tempered steel Ck45 (C45E) after ÖNORM EN 10083-1 or a domed nut made of cast steel G42CrMo4 after ÖNORM EN 10293. Hexagonal nuts and flat plates are designed identically for each nominal hollow bar diameter in accordance with the respective ultimate tensile load capacity. Angular deviations of the nail head are compensated by the convex-shaped hexagonal nut or the domed nut. The components of the soil nail DYWI® Drill Hollow Bar System are described with meas-urements and construction material in Appendix 3.

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Appendix 4 contains execution types of nail head models. The semi-permanent nail contains a corrosion protection at the transition of nail head to nail shaft in the form of a plastic sleeve, which is applied to the square domed plate or flat plate and reaches minimum 200 mm into the borehole. The applied plastic pipe is a PCV-U pipe (smooth or corrugated) in accordance with DIN 8061 and DIN 8062 or a PE-pipe (smooth) in accordance with ÖNORM EN ISO 1872-1,2. To increase the serviceable life of the soil nailing system, the surface is hot-dip galvanized according to the requirements of ÖNORM EN ISO 1461. The average zinc layer thickness is typically � 85 μm. The components of the soil nailing systems are electrolytically galvanized. The installation of the nail is effected by rotary percussive drilling. Various drilling bits are available for different soil conditions. 5.2 Requirements for load-bearing capacity of the soil nailing system For the application the following factors are to be met:

- The tensile strength of the nail, which consists of the hollow bar, connection sleeve, and anchorage, is 100% with regard to Fm,nom of the hollow bar.

- Failure of the systems can happen in case of breakage of a component or after ex-tracting the hollow bar of the nut or coupling.

- The design value of the ultimate limit state of the nail load capacity is in accord-ance with ÖNORM EN 1992-1-1 to be set with a partial safety factor of 1.15 against the reaching of the yield load. Ground characteristics are to be determined in accordance with ÖNORM EN 1997-1. Design values on the impact of actions on the limiting conditions of the load capacity of the ground are given in ÖNORM EN 1990.

- At the ultimate limit of the serviceability under a force of 0.65 Fp0.2,nom against the the reaching of the nominal value of the yield load, the following values are given:

- Slip at the coupling 1.0 mm - Slip at the nut 0.5 mm

- Leveling of the domed plate 10 to 15 mm - The determined load range of the nail system by fatigue test is 2 x 106 load cycles

(ÖNORM EN 1992-1) with reference to coupled concrete reinforcement steel and a load range of 80 N/mm² at an upper load of 0.6 Fp0.2,nom of the nominal value of the yield load.

- The behavior in case of earthquake loads was not proven. - The nail density can be adapted according to soil and rock characteristics to the

geometric conditions and the outer loads in order of 0.5 to 2.5 m2 of the soil or wall area. For load transmission on the slope face, concrete of the quality C20/25 in accordance with ÖNORM EN 206-1 and a cube compressive strength of mini-mum 25 N/mm² is used; design is accomplished according to ÖNORM EN 1992-1-1 and adjusted to each individual case.

- For the design of the axial distance of the nails for the load transmission of the supporting member on a concrete frame without additional reinforcement, an effi-ciency value of 130% is to be observed according to ETAG 013 in relation to the nominal value of the upper load of the hollow bar. A minimum reinforcement shall always be provided.

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- When using grouting mortar with a prism compressive strength of � 45 N/mm², an average bond strength of about 3 N/mm² can be set.

- If a corrosion rate is set, the loss of cross-sectional area has to be considered dur-ing verification of the load capacity. Appendix 4 contains the indicated values in percent. In addition, a derived reduced yield load is presented taking the corrosion rate into account.

- The static load testing of soil and rock nail systems has to be carried out in accord-ance with ÖNORM EN 14490, Appendix C. The maximum test force is to be set with a factor of 0.80 against reaching the nominal value of the ultimate force Fm,nom of the nail, but should not exceed 95% of the nominal value of the yield load.

5.3 Injection grout The installed soil nail is manufactured with a cement mortar coverage in direction of the borehole wall. The minimum coverage is to be defined according to ÖNORM EN 206-1 and has to take aggressivity levels into account. For the installation of the grout body a cement mortar according to ÖNORM EN 14490 is used. The water-cement ratio is to be adapted according to construction site conditions. Alter-natively, grout in accordance with ÖNORM EN 445, ÖNORM EN 446 and ÖNORM EN 447 can be inserted. 6 Durability of the soil nailing system

6.1 Corrosion protection

The present soil nailing system uses the following methods to obtain a desired serviceable lifetime of up to 50 years:

- Systematic encapsulation through formation of a grout body - Corrosion rate (corrosion allowance) for corrosion - Surface coating by means of hot-dip galvanizing

Further requirements regarding protection against corrosion are derived from a critical evalua-tion of the structure and from the environmental conditions. In particular, a redundant con-struction ensures that even with premature failure of individual elements, the load capacity of the nail structure is warranted. Constructions with only a single nail are not carried out. An adequate systematic encapsulation of the soil nail with grout shall be provided for. The influence of a corrosion rate slowdown of steel through grout coverage is disregarded in the description of the corrosion rate. This leads to a constriction of the inevitably high scatter range due to corrosion.

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6.2 Exposure to corrosion

ÖNORM EN 12501-1 and ÖNORM EN 12501-2 are to be taken as a basis to evaluate the stress corrosion of metallic materials in soils. The corrosion stress is classified into:

- low - moderate - high

The principal physical and chemical parameters of soils are dealt with in ÖNORM EN 12501-2. Appendix B of this standard contains detailed information on data collection for soil classification. An assessment of the different corrosion stresses is carried out through an informative state-ment on the significant soil parameters. These represent the basis for the size designation of the respective corrosion rates of the soil nail due to corrosion (as compiled in the following table). Criteria for the evaluation of exposure to corrosion in soils

Soil parameter Exposure to corrosion in soils

low medium high

Ventilation moderate to excellent

poor to moderate good

very poor to poor

Soil structure predominantly sandy

and gravelly (coarse to medium dispersed)

high portions of silt and fine sand (medium to

fine dispersed)

high portions of clay (fine dispersed) industri-

al waste, de-icing salt

Water content low (drainage-able) generally medium generally high

Neutral salt content Low potentially increased high

pH-value 5 to 8 5 to 8 5 to 8

Soil resistivity [�m] > 70 10 bis 70 < 10

At pH values < 5 and > 8 the corrosion rate is shifted to the next higher class low � medium medium � high high � limited serviceable life 6.3 Corrosion rates

The following table includes guide values for the corrosion rate of soil nails derived from re-sults after long-term relocations. Here, the corrosion for a low, medium, and high corrosion stress and a serviceable life of 2, 7, 30, and 50 years is specified. The rounding size is about 0.1 mm. Corrosion of hot-dip galvanized soil nails sets in only after the removal of the zinc layer and leads to a delayin corrosion of the steel.

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The permitted thickness lost of the nail through corrosion is limited to 1.0 mm. Guiding values for corrosion rates

Serviceable life in years Nail type

Corrosion in mm at corrosion stress

low middle high

2 A B

0 0

0 0

0.2 0.1

7 A B

0.2 0

0.2 0.1

0.5 0.4

30 A B

0.3 0.1

0.6 0.4

- -

50 A B

0.5 0.3

1.0 0.7

- -

Typ A: bare steel Typ B: hot-dip galvanized steel, zinc layer thickness � 85 μm Similar information about the corrosion rate is given in the standard specification for micro-piles ÖNORM EN 14199, Appendix D for various soils. The soil nail standard ÖNORM EN 14490 also contains a classification of soil corrosivity and provides an allocation for the corrosion behavior according to the Soil Nailing Recommenda-tion, Clouterre (1991). Compared to the values stated above, the corrosion behavior after Clouterre is higher and can be used for the assessment of the serviceable life upon prior agreement. Appendix 4 contains information about the loss in load-bearing capacity of the soil nail due to corrosion. This also covers the corrosion of the coupling. A separate certificate is not neces-sary. For the formation of the nail head, corrosion protection measures shall be provided in accord-ance with the intended serviceable life. 7 Installation

An installation manual for nail installation is presented in Appendix 5. The assembly and installation of the nailing system with all its components shall only be car-ried out in compliance with the aforementioned instruction manual under technical supervi-sion of the approval holder and skilled personnel.

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8 Testing 8.1 Material testing The manufacturer of the components of the soil nailing system must implement a well-regulated factory production control system (self-monitoring) in accordance with ÖNORM EN ISO 9001. The external quality control has to be conducted by an accredited test and supervision centre based on a supervision contract which includes the coverage of self-supervision. The external supervision contract needs to be placed between the owner of the accreditation and the exter-nal supervision centre. At least once a year, the external supervision has to be carried out in-cluding a comprehensive report. 8.2 Testing of the soil nail construction On-site soil nail loading tests according to ÖNORM EN 14490, annex C, need to be accom-plished and documented accordingly.

DYWIDAG-Systems International GmbH Alfred-Wagner-Straße 1 A-4061 Pasching/Linz Phone: +43-7229-61049-0 / Fax: EXT 81

Soil nailing system DYWI® Drill Soil nail assembly Soil nail type

Appendix 1

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Soil nail assembly

Soil nail type

Nominal hollow bar diameter and tensile load capacity

Type R32 R38 R51

Nominal diameter De,nom mm 32 38 51

Nominal tensile load capacity Fm,nom

kN

210 420 550

250 500 660 280 550 800 320 360 400

DYWIDAG-Systems International GmbH Alfred-Wagner-Straße 1 A-4061 Pasching/Linz Phone: +43-7229-61049-0 / Fax: ETX 81

Soil nailing system DYWI® Drill Hollow bar member Geometry, material properties

Appendix 2

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Hollow bar member

Longitudinally welded, tempered and warm rolled steel pipe Material: 28Mn6 according to ÖNORM EN 10083-1

Length [mm] 10002000300040006000

GeometryLeft-handed rope threadType R according to ISO 10208 All dimensions in mm

Material properties

Unit Type

R32-210 R32-250 R32-280 R32-320 R32-360 R32-400

Nominal external diameter De.nom mm 32 Actual external diameter De mm 31.1 Average internal diameter 1) Di mm 21.0 20.0 18.5 16.5 15.0 12.5 Nominal cross-sectional area 2) S0 mm² 340 370 410 470 510 560 Nominal weight 3) m kg/m 2.65 2.90 3.20 3.70 4.00 4.40 Specific rib area fR - 0.13 Yield load 4) Fp0.2,nom kN 160 190 220 250 280 330 Ultimate load 4) Fm,nom kN 210 250 280 320 360 400 Yield strength 5) Rp0.2 N/mm² 470 510 540 530 550 590

Ultimate strength 5) Rm N/mm² 620 680 680 680 710 710

Rm/Rp0.2 6) - - � 1.15

Ultimate load strain 7) Agt % � 5.0

Unit Type

R38-420 R38-500 R38-550 R51-550 R51-660 R51-800 Nominal external diameter De.nom mm 38 51 Actual external diameter De mm 37.8 49.8 Average internal diameter 1) Di mm 21.5 19.0 17.0 34.5 33.0 29.0 Nominal cross-sectional area 2) S0 mm² 660 750 800 890 970 1150 Nominal weight 3) m kg/m 5.15 5.85 6.25 6.95 7.65 9.00 Specific rib area fR - 0.13 Yield load 4) Fp0.2,nom kN 350 400 450 450 540 640 Ultimate load 4) Fm,nom kN 420 500 550 550 660 800 Yield strength 5) Rp0.2 N/mm² 530 530 560 510 560 560

Ultimate strength 5) Rm N/mm² 640 670 690 620 680 700

Rm/Rp0.2 6) - - � 1.15

Ultimate load strain 7) Agt % � 5.0

1) Calculated from the actual external diameter, the average thread height, and the nominal cross-sectional area, rounded 2) Calculated from the nominal weight S0 = 10³ x m / 7.85 3) Deviation: -3 to +9 % 4) Characteristic value (5%-fractile) 5) Calculated from the nominal force and the nominal cross-sectional area, rounded 6) Characteristic value (10%-fractile) 7) Minimum value

�

DYWIDAG-Systems International GmbH Alfred-Wagner-Straße 1 A-4061 Pasching/Linz Phone: +43-7229-61049-0 / Fax: EXT 81

Soil nailing system DYWI® Drill Components

Appendix3

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Coupling

Seamless steel pipe Material: 34CrMo4 according to ÖNORM EN 10083-1

Component Type

R32 R38 R51

Coupling 1) A mm 42.4 51 63.5B mm 150 170 200

Hexagonal nut A mm 55 70 80

AF mm 46 55 75

Domed nut

A mm 46 65 70 B mm 60 70 90 C Mm 34 40 52 D mm 19 37 36 AF mm 46 55 75

1) Minimum counter torque: 500 Nm

Hexagonal nut Domed nut

Material C45E (Ck45) according toÖNORM EN 10083-1

Material G42CrMo4 according toÖNORM EN 10293

DYWIDAG-Systems International GmbH Alfred-Wagner-Straße 1 A-4061 Pasching/Linz Phone: +43-7229-61049-0 / Fax: EXT 81

Soil nailing system DYWI® Drill Components

Appendix 3

Page 2/2

Domed plate

Material S235JR according to ÖNORM EN 10025

Dimensions

Domed plate Type

R32-210 R32-250 R32-280 R32-320 R32-360 R32-400 R38-420 R38-500 R38-550 R51-550 R51-660 R51-800

A mm 150 150 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200

B mm 8 8 10 12 12 12 12 15 15 15 15 20

C mm 34 34 34 34 34 34 41 41 41 55 55 55

D mm 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31

Flat plate

Material S235JR according to ÖNORM EN 10025

Dimensions

Flat plate Type

R32-210 R32-250 R32-280 R32-320 R32-360 R32-400 R38-420 R38-500 R38-550 R51-550 R51-660 R51-800

A mm - - - - 200 200 - 200 200 - - 200

B mm - - - - 20 20 - 30 30 - - 35

C mm - - - - 35 35 - 41 41 - - 60

�

DYWIDAG-Systems International GmbH Alfred-Wagner-Straße 1 A-4061 Pasching/Linz Phone: +43-7229-61049-0 / Fax: EXT 81

Soil nailing system WI® Drill Corrosion protection of the nail head Loss in load-bearing capacity due to corrosion

Appendix 4

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Corrosion protection of the nail head

Temporary nail

Serviceable life � 2 years

Under high corrosion stress, usage of a plastic sleeve in the transition zone of the nail head is recommended.

Semi-permanent nail

Serviceable life � 50 years

At high corrosion stress � 7 years

Plastic sleeve (smooth or corrugated) PE-tube according to ÖNORM EN ISO 1872-1,2 or PVC-U tube according to DIN 8061 and DIN 8062

Nominal hollow bar diameter

Inner tube diameter

Wall thickness

mm mm mm 32 � 32

� 1.0 38 � 39 51 � 51

DYWIDAG-Systems International GmbH Alfred-Wagner-Straße 1 A-4061 Pasching/Linz Phone: +43-7229-61049-0 / Fax: EXT 81

Soil nailing system DYWI® Drill Corrosion protection of the nail head Loss in load-bearing capacity due to corrosion

Appendix 4

Page 2/2

Loss in load-bearing capacity due to corrosion

Corrosion

depth in mm Unit Hollow bar type R32-210 R32-250 R32-280 R32-320 R32-360 R32-400

0 v % 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fp0.2,nom kN 160 190 220 250 280 330

0.1 v % 3 3 2 2 2 2 Fp0.2,nom kN 155 184 216 245 274 323

0.2 v % 6 5 5 4 4 4 Fp0.2,nom kN 150 181 209 240 269 317

0.3 v % 9 8 7 6 6 5 Fp0.2,nom kN 146 175 205 235 263 314

0.4 v % 12 11 10 8 8 7 Fp0.2,nom kN 141 169 198 230 258 307

0.5 v % 15 13 12 11 10 9 Fp0.2,nom kN 136 165 194 223 252 300

0.6 v % 17 16 14 13 12 11 Fp0.2,nom kN 133 160 189 218 246 294

0.7 v % 20 19 17 15 13 12 Fp0.2,nom kN 128 154 183 213 244 290

1 v % 29 26 24 21 19 17 Fp0.2,nom kN 114 141 167 198 227 274

v … Magnitude of loss, relating to the nominal external

diameter and the nominal cross-sectional area

Corrosion depth in mm Unit Hollow bar type

R38-420 R38-500 R38-550 R51-550 R51-660 R51-800

0 v % 0 0 0 0 0 0 Fp0.2,nom kN 350 400 430 450 530 630

0.1 v % 2 2 1 2 2 1 Fp0.2,nom kN 343 392 426 441 519 624

0.2 v % 4 3 3 4 3 3 Fp0.2,nom kN 336 388 417 432 514 611

0.3 v % 5 5 4 5 5 4 Fp0.2,nom kN 333 380 413 428 504 605

0.4 v % 7 6 6 7 7 6 Fp0.2,nom kN 326 376 404 419 493 592

0.5 v % 9 8 7 9 8 7 Fp0.2,nom kN 319 368 400 410 488 586

0.6 v % 11 9 9 11 10 8 Fp0.2,nom kN 312 364 391 401 477 580

0.7 v % 12 11 10 13 11 10 Fp0.2,nom kN 308 356 387 392 472 567

1 v % 18 16 15 18 16 14 Fp0.2,nom kN 287 336 366 369 445 542

v … Magnitude of loss, relating to the nominal external

diameter and the nominal cross-sectional area

DYWIDAG-Systems International GmbH Alfred-Wagner-Straße 1 A-4061 Pasching/Linz Phone: +43-7229-61049-0 / Fax: EXT 81

Soil nailing system DYWI® Drill Installation of soil nails

Appendix 5

Page 1/1

System components

System components are as follows:

� Drill bits in different designs and diameters, adapted to given ground conditions � Hollow bars in different diameters and load capacities, with continuous left-

handed rope thread in lengths of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 m. The standard length is 3 m � Couplings for the connection of hollow bars � Domed and flat plates � Hexagonal nuts (one-sided convex seat) and domed nuts � Special anchor mortar or cement grout

Installation of soil nails

The suitable drill bit type is chosen based on the intended soil nail length and expected ground conditions. Soil aggressivity has to be considered, precautionary measures need to be arranged if necessary. In case there is not enough experience in regards to given conditions available, an expert witness (for the soil nailing system DYWI® Drill) has to define the proper selection of drill bit and soil nail types, loading tests for verification need to be accomplished where applicable.

The selected drill bit is connected with the hollow bar, the hollow bar itself is then further on connected with the coupling or shank adapter of the rock drill’s flushing head. Installation is accomplished rotary-percussive, extension of the hollow bar is carried out manually using couplings with a central threadstop. The counter torque is applied by the installation (drilling) process. Filling of the annular space between borehole and hollow bar and the flushing channel with cement grout or anchor mortar can be accomplished simultaneously while drilling with a rotary injection adapter (flushing head) or afterwards with a screwed-on injection adapter.

After the anchor mortar or cement grout as well as the shotcrete have cured, the corresponding domed or flat plate is mounted onto the hollow bar and fixed by a hexagonal or domed nut. Fixation of the nut can be accomplished by a hexagon or torque wrench. The head of the soil nail needs to be protected against corrosion in accordance with the approval.

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