e-billing
TRANSCRIPT
E-Billing System
E-Billing and Inventory System
Sr. No. Topic Page No.
1 Acknowledgement II2 Preface III3 Introduction to the Organization V4 Certificate of College -5 Certificate of Company -
CONTENTS
1 Project Profile 2
2 Project Definition 4
3 Existing Manual System3.0 Introduction3.1 Features of Existing System3.2 Problem Faced by Current
System
4 Need for the new system
5 Tools and Technology5.0 Hardware Requirements of
the System5.1 Software Requirements of
the System5.2 Tools Information
6 System Analysis and Design
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6.0 Fact gathering Techniques6.0.1.1 Interview6.0.1.2 Review Record6.0.1.3 Observations6.0.1.4 Scope
7 Proposed System
8 System Diagram8.1 Entity Relationship Diagram8.2 Data Flow Diagram
8.2.1 Context Level Diagram8.2.2 UML Diagram
9 Data Dictionary
10 Data Entry Screen Samples
11 Testing and Debugging11.0 Testing Summary11.1 Levels of Testing11.2 Gantt Chart
12 Implementation
13 Limitations of Project
14 Future Enhancement
15 Bibliography ACNOWEDGEMENT
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PREFACE
Theoretical knowledge of our subject is important but without understanding the practical aspects it turns out to be useless. A technical student needs an intensive and comprehensive understanding and knowledge of the subject being studied. Thus an industrial training provides great opportunity for students to get a practical view of the various subjects. It is an excellent opportunity for them exposed to working environment.
The training provides the platform for the new students to prepare some groundwork before actually entering the industry. It helps to understand the basic problem faced in the industry and means and ways to overcome them.
Important training provides to be an important part of the practical study curriculum.
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Product Range
The product belongs to the company, but the brand belongs to the consumer. The trust of our clients and patrons is the real essence of our esteemed organization, which inspires us to create ''better than the best'' gift idols and costume jewelry. We employ American Pewter metal along with Swaroswki diamonds as our raw material to effectively cater to our widespread clientele. All that is good breaks up into little pieces. Serving the needs of our customers, we are engaged as eminent manufacturers and exporters of the products enumerated below:-
Jewelry:
The term ''jewelry'' can be appropriately equated with women of all centuries. Jewelry is the desire of every woman and the good news is that there is abundance of costume jewelry in the present day markets. However, the downside of it is that it is quite a difficult task to distinguish between the two jewelry products appearing the same. The perfect solution to get over with this confusion is going for a superior quality product, which can last longer in comparison with the others. Moji Gems Pvt. Ltd. is a
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renowned name owing to the unsurpassed quality of its reliable products.
Our jewelry is exclusively designed to complement the outfit one is wearing. We also design precious piece of jewelry, highly suitable for the occasion of marriage
Earrings, Bracelets, Necklaces, Bridal Jewelry, Pearl Jewelry, Stone Jewelry, Fashion Jewelry, Imported Jewelry, Traditional Jewelry, Imitation Jewelry, Handcrafted Jewelry.
Idols:
Idols are shapes given to creativity. We have a varied range of idols of Gods that are exclusively designed to complement any occasion. Our product features are distinct and sharp.
Our Infrastructure
We are backed by eminent machinery and efficient employee constituting the infrastructure of our corporate entity. Our craftsmen are storehouse of talent, devotion, creativity and innovation. These are the precious gem stones of our company, contributing in its fame and name in this industry. Machinery being another important aspect of our infrastructure is carefully selected and upgraded on a regular basis so as to derive best results
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from it. In management, what matters is not how you perceive your acts,but how you are perceived by others.
Quality Quotient
Quality is never an accident. It is the result of planning, team work, and commitment to excellence. Quality is the buzzword of our firm and we make incessant efforts to improvise it on a regular basis. This is the primary reason behind the sustenance and increasing numbers of our clientele. Regular quality checks at every level right from the initial stage of manufacturing till the attainment of final output in the form of finished product assures that all our attempts pay off and enable us to live up to the expectations of our valued customers.
Service Overview
COMPANY PROFILE
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Chapter 1PROJECT PROFILE
Project Title Inventory and E-Billing System
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Chapter 2
PROJECT
DEFINITION
PROJECT DEFINITION
The layout and all development of the E-Billing and Inventory System project is a stand-alone application.
It will manage all the details and records of the customer, order information given by that particular customer and provide facility to search information of all customer and invoices. Back up facility is there to secure the information from the any internal damage.
This project is windows based application performs on Database System. This System enables person who makes
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access of it can have benefit of decrease paper work and smoothly work on it.
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Chapter 3
EXISTING MANUAL
SYSTEM
3.0 INTRODUCTION
The existing system is a Excel based System of the respective company. The system is not being maintained bundle of bugs to solve.
The company decided to build as on new product and that opportunity lies in our hands.
Show the company existing system worked definitely well till the kind and the no of reports generated was enough for respective management to make proper decision.
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company management works on excel base system which was not so flexible in calculation for making invoices.
Duplication of data occurred in the existing system which was the main data redundancy occurred in system.
3.1 FEATURE OF EXISTING SYSTEM
All order monitoring done manually. Manual record keeping of the customers. Duplication of data cannot be avoided. No computer knowledge is required.
To search company by name of its ID, anther manual procedure is required.
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As the system is not computerized, necessary calculation is not be done automatically. The main feature of existing system is it can be used anywhere without use of computers
3.2 PROBLEM FACED BY CURRENT MANUAL SYSTEM
The phase of system analysis process deals with problems, which are affecting in current manual system. The problems are those which affecting the company in daily work
As the growing trend in the InfoTech world of computer need of accuracy, perfect ness, speed and high memory storage is a must. Each and every problem must be solved with a least amount of time and energy.
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The problems faced by existing system as described as below:
Difficulty in maintenance of record. Time consuming. Editing of data becomes tedious job. No security of data. Mistakes occurring in long calculation. Not proper generation of reports. Lack of Efficiency. Data inconsistency. Show the company existing system worked definitely well till
the kind and the no of reports generated was enough for respective management to make proper decision.
Company management works on excel base system which was not so flexible in calculation for making invoices.
.
Chapter 4
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NEED FOR THE NEW
SYSTEM
The current system is very tedious and lengthy as it is manual. The system consists of many errors. There is lots of limitation of the current system. If company want to maintain the record of their customers it take lots of time to record in the registers. Monitoring of orders and maintaining invoices are very difficult in excel format. No calculation is done automatically.
So, to minimize all this limitations of existing system we have to implement new proposed system. This is capable of handling whole system with less error. The need to develop a new system is just to provide better facilities to the user. Even to minimize the workload of other employees in case of order monitoring. So there was an urgent need to develop a system which provides faster access and accurate information about the customer and
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items. Quick generation of reports, less human errors and less manpower required.
The new system should be more accurate and user friendly to show each and every error to the operator at immediate point of mistake.
The system project develop should adorn at the security purpose of the system is concern.
Data entry required should be minimum.
Quick search and retrieval.
Chapter 5
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TOOLS AND
TECNOLOGY
5.0 HARDWARE REQUIREMENT OF THE SYSTEM
This phase of software development process deals with a brief study of different hardware used in the computerized system. There is list of hardware materials used during the making and also during the used of proposed system. As the new system is to be made into a computerized functional system, requirement of computer is must. All the hardware needed here generally the basic configuration of a typical office computer. A list of hardware requirement used in the system given below:
Minimum Configuration :
To run the application software of the system in the computer minimum configuration required is below:
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1.99 GHz Pentium® processor or other compatible. Intel® Chipset motherboard. 512 RAM. 40-80GB Hard Disk. Compact Disc Drive. Monitor. Keyboard. Mouse. Printer.
5.1 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT OF THE SYSTEM
Along the hardware, used in the system it requires software to make a system as well as to run a system with the computer hardware. Collection of different type of hardware into a specific type can form a computer but it cannot execute different process its own. For efficient and proper working of any system software must be installed. This software may be in the form of operating system or application software.
To make the system one also needs to use software. To make the E-Billing and Inventory System for “Company”, we have to use certain software, which are listed below. The software used in the proposed system is the latest versions of them and can give up-to-date and perfect results of every process in the system. This software
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comprises operating system and application software used in the system.
Software used in designing code) of the system.
Operating System :: Microsoft Windows® XP
Application Software’s:: Microsoft Visual Studio 2008
Microsoft Access 2003
5.2 TOOLS INFORMATION
o FRONTEND TOOL: MICROSOFT VISUAL BASIC.NET 2008
The need of the hour was an environment that would allow
easy design of the user interface thus was born the art of
visual programming.
All the important coding techniques used by programmers,
in OOPS base coding is brought out in full and in great
detail. This is coupled with material on how to use the
various tool sub set available in vb.net in order to
understand the application development process, it is
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helpful to understand some of the key concepts upon which
visual basic.net is buit.
Since, visual basic.net is a windows development language
we need some familiarity with the visual programming
environment.
FEATURES OF VISUAL BASIC.NET
Visual basic.net provides complete set of tools to
simple rapid application development.
1)It provides a vital link to graphical environment
and allows you to develop applications based on
standard windows features: Dialog boxes,
command buttons, pull down menus, scroll bars,
selection lists, date and time picker etc. It also
allows creating robust applications that fully
makes use of the graphical user interface.
2)Active X data objects (ADO) and OLEDB replace
the open database connectivity (ODBC) API as the
preferred method for accessing shared-file and
client server databases.
3)Internet techniques such as Dynamic HTML
(DHTML), Extensible mark up language
(XML).Active server pages (ASP) and active X.
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4)Document offer browser-based alternatives for
displaying and updating data.
5)Extensions to Visual basic.net class modules assist
in writing middle tier DLLs for Microsoft
transaction server 2.0.
6)A multitude of wizards and other graphical tools
aid developers new to visual basic.net.
7)It provides a vital link to graphical environment
and allows you to develop applications based on
standard windows features: Dialog boxes,
command buttons, pull down menus, scroll bars,
selection lists, date and time picker etc. It also
allows creating robust applications that fully
makes use of the graphical user interface.
8)Active X data objects (ADO) and OLEDB replace
the open database connectivity (ODBC) API as the
preferred method for accessing shared-file and
client server databases.
9)Internet techniques such as Dynamic HTML
(DHTML), Extensible mark up language
(XML).Active server pages (ASP) and active X.
10) Document offer browser-based alternatives
for displaying and updating data.
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11) Extensions to Visual basic.net class modules
assist in writing middle tier Visual basic.net is an
event driven programming language. Visual
basic.net allows you to adopt more of parallel
approach, with independent sections of code for
code for each option that the user may select.
This is known as event driven programming
language.
12) Data environment designer (DED).
13) Drag and drop form generation.
14) Data view window.
15) ADO data control (ADODC).
16) Hierarchical record sets and the flex grid
control.
17) Data report design.
18) Data form wizards.
19) Format objects.
20) Data source classes and data building.
21) MTS transaction mode property of class
modules.
22) Visual data tools(VDTS).
23) SQL editor.
24) Component creation.
25) Language.
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26) Packaging and development wizard.
27) Data object wizard.
28) The integrated development environment.
BACKEND TOOL: Microsoft Access-2003
A database is a collection of information about groups of
time or individuals. database structure is provides by fields
categories of information simple database programs only
allows you to work one list of information at time one set of
fields & records more cables programs like access let you
group multiple list together & records.
Access database includes six do object tables, forms,
reports, queries, macros and visual basic modules before
you begin construing the database, you need to spend
sometime designing the data base. a bad design virtual
database developer often spends as much time designing a
database as they do constructing it. To design a database,
you should follow these steps:
Every database begins with a problem & needs can be
solved by crating a systematic data-tracking system.
Once you established the tables you will be creating
determine what information about each entity should
include. Every field must be part of a species table and
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every field should be automatic that means that you store
data & it’s smallest logical components Stores Street
address, city, state, zip code, later on.
A relationship ties tables to another by including the
primary key from one table to related table. After planned
the tables & relationship & before you begin construing
table & typing name & social security number when you
are convinced that the design is well conceived begin
creating tables and setting.
To determine whether the structure accomplished your
0objects and is easy to work with, being by entering a few
recodes that are a representative sample of the data.
When the access application windows opens, you
immediately see the access dialog box. Access includes a
database wizard that allows you to customize one of there
redesigned data based that come with access. If a
database you want to create is already in the list, you can
the wizard. After you click ok you are immediately
prompted to enter a file name and location for the
database in the file new database dialog box.
An auto form can have one of three different layout data
sheet tabular or columnar the auto form looks a lot like the
3 table’s data sheet views. Right
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Down the navigation buttons you can move the column and
rows around just like the table.
Validations are a way to screen data begins entered in
table or form field’s validations are set in a fields
validations rule property. When you tab or click out the
field, access checks to makes sure the data you entered
matches the rule if not the validation text is displayed.
Chapter 6
SYSTEM ANALYSIS
AND
DESIGN
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6.0 FACT GATHERING TECHNIQUES
Information gathering in many E-Billing and Inventory system is not easy task. It has to be gathered in an organized way so that
(a) No system details are left out.(b) Right problems are identified.(c) Repetitive work is avoided(d) Wrong or incomplete details are not collected.
To do this, a proper search strategy must be decided first, search strategy includes selecting information sources and search methods. It also including modeling methods to make senesce out of information so collected. Here an overall idea about the search methods or fact gathering techniques which are used during gathering information,
They are
(1) Interviewing.(2) Record inspection.(3) Observation.
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We visited many times at the “Company” to get information as well as problems which occurring in the current existing manual system. As each and every person in the company has different type of job to be done so we met some of people in the Company.
6.0.1 Interviews:
Interview allows the analyst to collect or gather the information from the individual or group who are who are generally the current user of the system or potential user of the proposed system.
Interview could be
(a) Structured(b) Unstructured
Structured:
Here it is standardized questions as far as response of the questions is concerned; they are divided into two formats:
(a) Open response formats.(b) Close response formats.
Unstructured:
Here, the questions are worded to suit the respondent that provide the information about the areas overlooked or not thought to be important.
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6.0.2 Record Review
It is said to better believe in record than in people. Thus a good analyst always gets facts from the documents. A existing system can be better understood by the examining existing documents, forms and files. In the record reviews analyst examine information that has been recorded about the system user.
Record May include:
1) Written policy manuals.2) Rules and Regulations.3) Standard operating procedures used in billing
system.4) Forms and documents
Records do not show how tasks are performed or what activities are actually occurring and where decision power lies.
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6.0.3 Observation:
Observation can bring in missed facts, new ways to improve the existing procedures, duplicate work done inadvertently, etc.
Observation can bring in what other fact-finding methods cannot! But this task is delicate because people do not like to be observed they work.
Observation can look for:(a) Operational inefficiencies.(b) Alternative routes and procedure.(c) Interruption in normal flow of work.(d) The usage of files and documents.(e) Informal communication and channel, etc.
On site observation provides close view of the working of the real system. He can observe people, objects, and documents and occurrences of events.
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Chapter 7
PROPOSED
SYSTEM
Generally in colleges the manual system is to be computerized in order to overcome the problems, which affect the existing manual system.
Computerized the existing system with the help of some programming language, database package ease the work of the system up to a great extent.
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In computerized Billing and Inventory System all information about the customer, quotation, its item and etc i.e. managing of orders.
The information about customer is feed with the help of key element. For a single item code different price list is there.
Quick search and retrieval process are their for collecting the information about the item and customers.
It also gives the information about pending work orders
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Chapter 7
SYSTEM
DIAGRAM
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8.0 ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM
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Data Flow Diagram
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Use Case Diagrams
Use case diagram for sales
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Use Case Diagram for Customer Purchase an Item
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Activity Diagram for Invoice
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Activity Diagram for Invoice details
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Sequence Diagram for Item Work Order Status and Balance Quantity
Manufacturing BalanceOrder
Balance Stock Data
Invoice
stock
UpdateInventory()
InformSales()
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Sequence Diagram for Item Purchase
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Class diagram for order processing system
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Class diagram for invoice system
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Collaboration Diagram
Data Dictionary
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TABLENAME
ATTRIBUTENAME
CONTENTS TYPE PKORFK
CUST_MASTER CUST_NOCOMP_NAMEOFFICE_ADDINVOICE_ADDCUST_EMAILFACT_ADDFACT_EMAILFACT_TELFACT_FAXFACT_MOBOFF_TELCONT_1OFF_FAXOFF_DIRTEL
CONT_2
OFF_PURTEL
CONT_3
OFF_ACCTEL
CONT_4
OFF_TECHTEL
PAYMENT_TERMSCUST_GST
CUST_CST
CUST_ECC
CUST_NOTE
Customer NumberCompany NameOffice addressInvoice addressCustomer EmailFactory addressFactory EmailFactory TelephoneFactory Fax NumberFactory MobileOffice TelephoneOffice MobileOffice Fax NumberOffice Director TelephoneOffice DirectorMobileOffice Purchase TelephoneOffice PurchaseMobileOffice Account TelephoneOffice AccountMobileOffice TechnicalTelephonePayment TermsCustomer GST NumberCustomer CST NumberCustomer ECC NumberCustomer Note
NUMBERTEXTTEXTTEXTTEXTTEXTTEXTNUMBERNUMBERNUMBERNUMBERTEXTNUMBERNUMBER
TEXT
NUMBER
TEXT
NUMBER
TEXT
NUMBER
TEXTTEXT
TEXT
TEXT
MEMO
PK
ITEM_MASTER ITEM_CODEITEM_DESCGRADEPRORORTION1MASTER_BATCHPRORORTION2ADDITIVESMOULD_CODEMOULD_LOCCUST_NAMEMOULD_DETAILSSUPPLIERCTSH_NUMBERSHOW_WEIGHTARTICLE_WEIGHTPIECES_PER_KGKGSPCS
Item CodeItem DescriptionGradeProrortion1Master BatchProrortion2AdditivesMould CodeMould LocationCustomer NameMould DetailsSupplierCTSH NumberShow WeightArticle WeightPieces Per KgMoulds in KGMould In PCS
TEXTTEXTTEXTTEXTTEXT TEXTTEXTTEXTTEXTTEXTTEXTTEXTNUMBERNUMBERNUMBERNUMBERNUMBERNUMBER
PK
CUST_DETAILS CUST_NOITEM_CODEITEM_DESCPRICEINPCS_KGTAXES
Customer numberItem CodeItem DescriptionPrice InPcs Per KGTaxes Applicable
NUMBERTEXTTEXTTEXTTEXT TEXT
FK
QUOTATION_MASTER
QUOTATION_NUMBERVENDOR_NUMBERCUST_NUMBERCUST_NAMECUST_ADDATTNREFERENCEDELIVERYTAXESPAYMENTFRIGHTVALIDITYNOTEQ_DATEREMINDER
Quotation Number
Vendor NumberCustomer NumberCustomer NameCustomer addressAttnReferenceDeliveryTaxes ApplicablePaymentFreightValidityNoteQuotation DateQuotation Reminder
AUTONUMBERNUMBERNUMBERTEXTTEXTTEXT TEXTTEXTNUMBERNUMBERTEXTTEXTTEXTDate/timeYES/NO
PK
FK
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QUOTATION_DETAILS
MINIMUM_QTYITEM_CODEITEM_DESCPRICE_INUNITPERKG\PCSTOOLING_PRICEQUOTATION_NUMBER
Minimum QuantityItem CodeItem DescriptionPrice InUnit Per Kg Or PcsTooling PriceQuotation Number
NUMBERTEXTTEXTNUMBERNUMBERNUMBERNUMBER FK
PERFORMA_MASTER
PERFORMA_INVOICE_NOVEN_NOCUST_NOCUST_NAMEATTREFEDELIVERYPAYMENTFRIGHTNOTE
Performa InvoiceNumberVendor NumberCustomer NumberCustomer NumberAttnReferenceDeliveryPaymentFreightNote
AUTONUMBERNUMBERNUMBERTEXTTEXTTEXTTEXTTEXTTEXTTEXT
PK
PEFORMA_DETAILS
PEFORMA_INV_NO
REQ_QTYITEM_CODEITEM_DESCPRICE_IN_RSAMOUNT_IN_RS
Performa Invoice NumberRequired QuantityItem CodeItem DescriptionPrice In RSAmount In RS
NUMBER
NUMBERTEXTTEXTNUMBERNUMBER
FK
ORDER_MASTER WORKORDER_NOQUOTATIONDATECUSTPLANNED_DATENOTE
Work Order NumberQuotation NumberWork Order DateCustomer NamePlanned DateWork Order Note
NUMBERNUMBERDate/TimeTEXTDate/TimeTEXT
PK
ORDER_DETAILS WORKORDER_NOITEM_CODEITEM_DESCQTYPRICE_INUNITBALANCE
Work Order NumberItem CodeItem DescriptionQuantityPrice In RSUnitBalance
NUMBERTEXTTEXTNUMBERNUMBERNUMBERNUMBER
FK
ORDER_PROCESS WORK_ORDER_NOPERFORMA_INV_NO
PURCHASE_ORDER_NODATENOTE
Work Order NumberPerforma Invoice NumberPurchase Order NumberDateText
NUMBERNUMBER
NUMBER
Date/TimeTEXT
FK
ORDER_PROCESS_DETAILS
WORK_ORDER_NOITEM_CODEITEM_DESCQTYPRICEIN_UNITPCSPERKGBALANCE
Work Order NumberItem CodeItem DescriptionQuantityPrice In UnitPieces Per KgBalance
NUMBERTEXTTEXTNUMBERNUMBERNUMBERNUMBER
FK
TAX_INVOICE CUST_NAMECUST_ADDGST_TINECC_NO
Customer NameCustomer AddressGST TINECC Number
TEXTTEXTTEXTTEXT
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Chapter 10
DATA ENTRY
SCREENS
10.0 INTRODUCTION
This section refers to the various types of interfaces, which the users has to face during operating the computerized system of “E-Billing and Inventory System”.
The section refers with the entire interfaced [screens] a user will have to face while operating the current system. It show the various screens appearing in the current
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transactions. All the screens of different transactions in the system are shown here.
The different transaction’s screens shown here in the below given order:
1. Exporta. AREb. CER BY CEN EX OFFc. CER BY CUSTOM OFFd. REBATE SANCTION ORDERe. EXPOST BY POST
2. Domestica. Master
i. Customer Masterii. Item Masteriii. Packing Master
b. Transactioni. Quotationii. Order Entryiii. Order Monitoringiv. Performa Invoicev. Invoice
1. Tax Invoice2. Retail Invoice3. Retail Labour Invoice
c. Reportsi. Customer Reportii. Item Report
d. Settingi. Tax Settingii. Retail Settingiii. Retail Labour Setting
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e. Exit
3. Utilitiesa. Backupb. Change Password
4. Exit
10.1 FORM LAYOUT
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This form is the starting form of the system if LOGIN SUCCESSFUL then you can do the work in to the system.
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After completion of the login procedures the form is look like the above from on which you can select the any module and you can do the work in to the particular module.
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Domestic:
After selection the domestic module you can work on any Master and Transaction forms as above mention.
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After selection the Utilities menu you can work on any Backup and Change Password facility.
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After clicking on back up menu the back up is store in D: drive of computer system.
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This form helps the user to change its password by entering current password.
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Chapter 11
TESTING AND
DEBUGGING
Testing involves exercising the program using data like the real
data processed by the program. The existence of the program
defects or inadequacies is inferred from unexpected system outputs.
Testing may be carried out during the implementation phase to
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verify that the software behaves as intended by its designer and
after the implementation is complete.
Testing is just like quality assurance to review of software
products and related documents for correctness, completeness,
reliability, and maintainability. And it includes assurance that the
system meets the specifications and requirements for it is intended
use and performance. The common view of testing is to prove that
are no errors.
System testing is too much expensive as well as it is not
possible for analyst to prove that software is free and clear of errors.
Therefore, the most useful approach is the process of executing a
program with the explicit intention of finding errors.
Different kinds of testing are used to test different kind of characteristics of the program:
1. Statistical Testing: Statistical testing may be used to test the program’s performance and reliability.
2. Defect Testing: Defect testing is intended to find areas where the program does not conform to its specification.
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Testing Fundamental
1. Testability
Software testability is simply how easily a computer program
can tested. Since testing is so profoundly difficult, it plays to know
what can be done to streamline it. Sometimes programmers are
willing to do things that will help the testing process, and a checklist
of possible design points, features, and so on can be useful in
negotiating with them.
There are certainly that could be used to measure testability in
most of its aspects. Sometimes, testability is used to mean hoe
adequately a particular set of tests will cover the product.
2. Operability
“The better it works, more efficiently it can be tested.”
1. The system has few bugs (Bugs add analysis and reporting overhead to the
test process.)
2. No bugs block the execution of tests.
3. The product evolves in functional stages (Allows simultaneous development and testing.)
3. Obeservability - “What you see is what you test.”
1. Distinct output is generated for is generated for each
input.
2. System states and variables are visible during execution.
3. Past system states and variables are visible.
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4. All factors affecting the output are visible.
5. Internal errors are automatically reported.
6. Source code is accessible.
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4. Controllability - “The better we can control the software, the more the testing can be automated and optimized.”
1. All possible outputs can be generated through some combination of input.
2. All code is executable through some combination of input.3. Software and hardware states and variables can be controlled
by the test engineer.4. Input and output formats are consistent and structured.5. Test can be conveniently specified, automated and reproduced.
5. Decomposability - “By controlling the scope of testing, we can more quickly isolate problems and smarter retesting.”
1. The software system is built from independent modules.2. Software modules can be tested independently.3. Simplicity. “The less there is to test, the more quickly we can test it.”4. Functional simplicity5. Structural simplicity6. Code simplicity.
6. Stability - “The fewer the changes, the fewer the disruptions to testing.”
1. Changes to the software are infrequent.2. Changes to the software are controlled.3. Changes to the software do not invalidate existing tests.
7. Understandability - “The more information we have, the smarter we will test.”
1. The design is well understood.a. Dependencies between internal, external and shared
components are well understood.2. Changes to design are communicated.3. Technical documentation is instantly accessible.4. Technical documentation is specific and detailed.
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8.2 TYPES OF TESTING
1. Unit Testing
Systems are not designed as entire system or nor they tested as single system. Unit testing focuses first on the modules, independently of one another to locate the errors in coding and logic and that contained within that module alone.
For example, Test cases needed to check user, whether user is authorized or not, as well as if user is authorized then which permissions are granted and then checks whether user allows to do function with respect to the permissions assigned to him/her.
We have performed unit testing from bottom up, tested each components of the modules independently. Than integrate all the components and tested each modules independently. After that we have merged all the modules and tested the whole system.
2. System Testing:System Testing does not test the software per se but rather the
integration of each module in the system. The primarily concern is the compatibility of each individual module. Analyst trying to find areas where module has been assigned different specifications for data each length type, and data element name.
3. Storage Test:We have to specify capacity for the system when it is designed
and constructed. Capacity measures in terms of the number of records than the disk will handle of file can contain.
4. Performance TestWhen we are developing a design their concerns are more on
reports inputs and processing sequence then on performance time. Performance time testing is conducted prior to implementation to determine how long it takes to receive to an inquiry.
We have used only one connection for whole system which also increases performance time. In beginning we can’t measure the performance time. But after system is loaded with data, we can sure about performance time.
5. Recovery Testing
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The system should be capable of recover the stored data, if the user has performed the illegal operations or delete records.
For example, we have provided facility, user deletes some records, there is a message: “Are You Sure Want to Delete?” If user press no button, then data will not been deleted. Means user has given one chance before deleting any records.
6. Human Factor TestingAs human being, the users can enter any type of data and save
transaction if there is no data validation. For example, in our project, we provide the test cases so that
the user can’t enter some digital value in the name field. And although, user make mistake, we have provided a message box to acknowledge this error to user.
11.2 GANTT CHART
E-Billing System
What is Gantt Charts?
The simplest planning uses bar charts that show each activity in a system project and the amount of time activity will take. The analyst first identifies each task and estimates the amount of time needed for it. When this information is transferred to the bar chart, the tasks are listed from top to bottom on the left side of the chart in the order in which they will be undertaken. Calendar time is shown from left to right. A horizontal bar marked on the chart of each task, indicating when it starts and when it is expected to be completed.
Gantt Charts are most manageable when the project consists of a limited number of tasks and activities. Otherwise, the size of chart becomes unwieldy and includes so many bars that it is difficult to use information.
Scheduling of our system using Gantt Chart is given Below:
Activity Months1 2 3 4 5 6
Project Development Plan
Requirement Study
Design
Development
Integration
System Testing
Documentation
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Chapter 12
IMPLEMENTATION
E-Billing System
Implementation is a process of having system personal check out and new equipment into use, trained user installs the new application and constructor any files of data needed to use it.
Depending on the size of the organization that will be involve in using. The application and the risk associated with its use. System developers may choose to pilot or to test the operation in only one are of the form, say in one department with only one or two persons. Some times they will run old and new system together to compare the result.
Each implementation strategy has its merits, depending on the situation in which it’s consider regardless of the implementation of the strategy used, developer strive to ensure that the system initial use it’s trouble-free. Since every system and its environment undergo continual change, the information system should keep pace in this senesce implementation is an on going process.
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Chapter 13
LIMITATION OF
THE PROJECT
The new proposed system is such well developed that the limitation of the system is insignificant. The proposed is very flexible and gives desired output. It matches all the
E-Billing System
current requirement even more than that. But still there are some boundaries of the proposed system. We know the system is being developed with the use of computer. The proposed system is computerized E-Billing and Inventory System.
Hence, to run the proposed system we need computers, which are very expensive. So, at first to implement the proposed system the company must financially strong. Computers, printers and many more equipment are necessary for proposed system. Moreover, extra training is necessary for this system. The user of the system must have enough knowledge to run the system. So, extra training is required to conduct to make the user literate for this system.
This system does not work where electricity and other basic needs are not available.
If power supply is not there then the system will not work.
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Chapter 14
FUTURE
ENHANCEMENT
Export modules can be added later.
E-Billing System
All code will be like item code.
Giving the information to the customers about new item on their cell phones.
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Chapter 15
BIBLOGRAPHY
SOFTWARE ENGINEERINGBy Roger.S. Pressman
E-Billing System
VISUAL BASIC.NET Black BookBy Evangeleous Petereous
ASP.Net Professional By Wrox Publications
MSDN 2002By Microsoft