e fficient cooperative diversity schemes and radio resource allocation for ieee 802.16j
DESCRIPTION
WCNC 2008. WCNC 2008. E fficient Cooperative Diversity Schemes and Radio Resource Allocation for IEEE 802.16j. Department of Electronic Systems, Aalborg University, Denmark Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Carleton University, Canada Speaker: Chan-Ying Lien. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Efficient Cooperative Diversity Schemes and
Radio Resource Allocation for IEEE 802.16j
Department of Electronic Systems, Aalborg University, DenmarkDepartment of Systems and Computer Engineering, Carleton University, Canada
Speaker: Chan-Ying Lien
WCNC 2008
WCNC 2008
Basak Can, Halim Yanikomeroglu, Furuzan Atay Onat, Elisabeth De Carvalho and Hiroyuki Yomo
WCNC 2008
WCNC 2008
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OutlineOutline
• Introduction• System Model• Cooperative Diversity Schemes• Scheduling And Radio Resource Allocation
For Multi-hop Cellular Networks• The Frame Structure• Performance Evaluation• Conclusions And Future Works
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RSRSRSRSRSRSRSRS
IntroductionIntroduction
BSBSBSBS
RSRSRSRS
MSMSMSMS
• In IEEE 802.16j:
MSMSMSMS MSMSMSMS MSMSMSMS MSMSMSMS MSMSMSMS
RSRSRSRS
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IntroductionIntroduction
BSBSBSBS
MSMSMSMS
• In IEEE 802.16j:
RSRSRSRS
Source
Relay
Destination
First phaseSR
SD
Second phaseRD
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System ModelSystem Model
• IEEE 802.16j based two-hop cellular network• A single cell with
– multiple fixed relays– multiple users
• low mobility users
• Channel gains of each sub-channel remain unchanged during one frame– consists of a certain number of OFDM symbols
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System ModelSystem Model
• AMC– The considered modulation modes
• BPSK, QPSK, 16-QAM and 64-QAM
– The considered FEC• 1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 5/6, 7/8 and 1
• Scheduling– A modified version of Proportional Fair Scheduling
(PFS)
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System ModelSystem Model
• j {1, 2, ..., J}∈ – denotes the sub-channel index in the frequency
domain
• u {1, 2, ...,U}∈– denotes the MS index
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System ModelSystem Model
• The end-to-end throughput with AMC is given by
ρ(γ) = R(γ)(1 - pe(γ))
• SNR γ• R(γ) represents the nominal rate (in b/s/Hz) of the selected AMC mo
de based on γ
• pe(γ) represents the block error rate with the selected AMC mode
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System ModelSystem Model
• R(γ) = M×η– AMC mode is 16-QAM M=4– Coding rate η = ½
• R(γ) = 4 * (1/2) = 4/2 (b/s/Hz)
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System ModelSystem Model
• Define the coverage area with radius r• The user throughput is above 0.5 b/s/Hz with pro
bability p
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Cooperative Diversity SchemesCooperative Diversity Schemes
• A. Cooperative Transmit Diversity–1– First phase
• MS and RS listen to the transmission of the BS
– Second phase• both BS and RS transmit simultaneously to the MS
– The post–processing instantaneous SNR at each sub-channel j achieved after space time decoding at the MS
same AMC mode is used
BSBSBSBS
MSMSMSMS
RSRSRSRS
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Cooperative Diversity SchemesCooperative Diversity Schemes
• A. Cooperative Transmit Diversity–1– With such link adaptation at a sub-channel j, the end-to-end
throughput per channel use is given by
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Cooperative Diversity SchemesCooperative Diversity Schemes
• B. Cooperative Transmit Diversity–2– The cooperative diversity–2 is a subset of cooperative
diversity–1– The main difference is that, the MS does not exploit th
e signal received during the first phase
– The AMC mode to be used in the first phase is chosen based on γSR,j for each sub-channel j BSBSBSBS
MSMSMSMS
RSRSRSRS
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Cooperative Diversity SchemesCooperative Diversity Schemes
• B. Cooperative Transmit Diversity–2– For the second phase, the AMC mode for each sub-channel j is
chosen based on the post–processing SNR given by
– the end-to-end throughput per channel use is given by
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Cooperative Diversity SchemesCooperative Diversity Schemes
• C. Cooperative Receive Diversity– In the first phase
• the source transmits at a particular AMC mode while both the relay and the destination receive
– In the second phase• the relay repeats with the same AMC mode and the BS rema
ins silent
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Cooperative Diversity SchemesCooperative Diversity Schemes
• C. Cooperative Receive Diversity– A potentially higher multiplexing loss due to the need f
or identical AMC modes and hence equal–duration phases
– Hence, cooperative receive diversity cannot outperform cooperative transmit diversity–2.
BSBSBSBS
MSMSMSMS
RSRSRSRS
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BSBSBSBS
MSMSMSMS
RSRSRSRS
Cooperative Diversity SchemesCooperative Diversity Schemes
• D. Cooperative Selection Diversity– With conventional relaying, the S → R transmissions occur in the
first phase
– During the first phase• The destination chooses not to receive
– In the second phase• only the relay transmits
• The destination relies solely on the signals received via the R → D link
– BS dynamically chooses between conventional relaying and direct transmission
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Cooperative Diversity SchemesCooperative Diversity Schemes
• D. Cooperative Selection Diversity– When the BS chooses to use conventional relaying
• the post–processing SNR at the MS is equal to γRD,j
• otherwise it is equal to γSD,j
– For the first phase of conventional relaying• the AMC mode is determined based on γSR,j
– For the second phase based on γRD,j
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Cooperative Diversity SchemesCooperative Diversity Schemes
• D. Cooperative Selection Diversity– Hence, the end-to-end throughput with conventional r
elaying is given by
– The end-to-end throughput with cooperative selection diversity is then given by
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Cooperative Diversity SchemesCooperative Diversity Schemes
• E. Adaptive Cooperative Diversity Scheme– Adaptive cooperative diversity scheme chooses the
best scheme (in terms of end-to-end throughput)• direct transmission • the aforementioned cooperative diversity schemes
– If the two schemes have the same performance the one with less complexity is selected BSBSBSBS
MSMSMSMS
RSRSRSRS
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Cooperative Diversity SchemesCooperative Diversity Schemes
• E. Adaptive Cooperative Diversity Scheme– We order the schemes with increasing complexity as f
ollows:• direct transmission• conventional relaying• cooperative transmit diversity–2 • cooperative transmit diversity–1
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Scheduling And Radio Resource Allocation Scheduling And Radio Resource Allocation For Multi-hop Cellular NetworksFor Multi-hop Cellular Networks
• The scheduling and the radio resource allocation are performed at the BS
• For each sub-channel j and for each user (i.e., MS) u, the BS calculates the post–processing SNR with the relay, i.e.,
• Let γSD,u,j denote the instantaneous SNR the user u experiences on a subchannel j in the S → D link
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Scheduling And Radio Resource Allocation Scheduling And Radio Resource Allocation For Multi-hop Cellular NetworksFor Multi-hop Cellular Networks
• The BS plugs in γSD,u,j , γSR,j and to the look-up table and reads the corresponding throughput and nominal rate for each of them
• It calculates the end-to-end throughput with the relay,i.e.,
• Let = ρ(γSD,u,j) define the throughput that user u can obtain on sub-channel j w/o relay. For each user and for each sub-channel
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Scheduling And Radio Resource Allocation Scheduling And Radio Resource Allocation For Multi-hop Cellular NetworksFor Multi-hop Cellular Networks
• BS first decides on to relay or not by
• For each sub-channel j, BS calculates the PFS metric for each user
ρu[k − 1] represents the past average throughput of user u at DL frame k−1.
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Scheduling And Radio Resource Allocation Scheduling And Radio Resource Allocation For Multi-hop Cellular NetworksFor Multi-hop Cellular Networks
• for each sub-channel, the BS schedules the user who has the maximum PFS metric, i.e.,
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Scheduling And Radio Resource Allocation Scheduling And Radio Resource Allocation For Multi-hop Cellular NetworksFor Multi-hop Cellular Networks
• Once the users are scheduled, the past average throughput for each user is updated by using a low pass filter with a time constant of T slots.
• This update is done according to
– cu,j is equal to one if user u is scheduled on subchannel j, otherwise it is equal to zero
– The time constant T adjusts the level of fairness of the scheduler. T should be long enough to provide fairness to the users
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The Frame StructureThe Frame Structure
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Performance EvaluationPerformance Evaluation
• A. Simulation Setup– An FEC block
• 96 coded bits
– One sub-channel • 8 data sub-carriers
• 1 pilot subcarrier
• over t consecutive OFDM symbols
– t {2, 3, 6, 12}∈ represents the number of OFDM symbols required to transmit one FEC block
– First phase can use up to 12 OFDM symbols– Second phase is fixed to 12 OFDM symbols– The scalable OFDMA mode with 1024 sub–carriers with a
system bandwidth of 10 MHz is considered
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Performance EvaluationPerformance Evaluation
• 60 users– with speeds up to 7.7 km/h
• 60 sub-channels• Frames
– 5 ms• For the S → R links the wireless channel model developed is used
with a path-loss exponent of 3
• Rician K factor of 10• For the R → D and S → D links the Non-LOS (NLOS) channel mode
l presented in is used with a path-loss exponent of 3.5
• Carrier frequency is 2.5 GHz• The effect of shadowing is not considered
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Performance EvaluationPerformance Evaluation
• The BS is at the center of the cell• All the relays are positioned symmetrically at a distance
of 10.4 km to the BS• The relays improve the coverage and system throughput while still
maintaining a reliable and high speed (using 64-QAM) link with the BS
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Performance EvaluationPerformance Evaluation
• B. Relative Performance Evaluation of the Cooperative Diversity Schemes
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Performance EvaluationPerformance Evaluation
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Performance EvaluationPerformance Evaluation
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Performance EvaluationPerformance Evaluation
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Performance EvaluationPerformance Evaluation
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Conclusions And Future WorksConclusions And Future Works
• Efficient radio resource allocation and user scheduling techniques have been developed for the DL transmissions in a two-hop cellular network using the emerging IEEE 802.16j standard
• Cooperative selection diversity scheme is a promising cooperative diversity scheme compared to the other more complex cooperative diversity schemes which require coherent signal combining at the MS
• Future work:– multi-cell– users with high mobility
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Thank You