Report Writing

Essential Business Law for Entrepreneurs

by : DR. T.K. JAINAFTERSCHOOL centre for social entrepreneurship sivakamu veterinary hospital roadbikaner 334001 rajasthan, indiaFOR PGPSE PARTICIPANTS mobile : 91+9414430763

What are sources of Indian law ?

Customs or Customary LawOld Indian business practices Judicial Decisions or Precedents Statutes or Legislation (law made by British Government)Personal Law e.g., Hindu and Mohammedan Law, etc. Traditional Community practices (like Parta system, Hundi etc. in Marwari Business systems)

What is ratio decidendi ?

When the court gives a decision, there are two things : 1. ratio decidendi 2. obiter dicta. The underlying principle of a judicial decision, which is only authoritative, is ratio decidendi. Ratio = essence, Decidendi = decision Other statements made by court (by the way) are called obiter dicta.

What is jus non-scriptum

Unwritten law : jus = lawscript=written

What is Subordinate Legislation?

Law made by authorities other than supreme authority are called subordinate legislation. These law are subject to the law of the land and are dependend on the authority of the law making body. For example : law made by municipal bodies is called subordinate law.

What are shrutis and smritis?

Shruti = collection of ancient Indian literature including 4 VedasSmritis : Statements made by ancient saints in India (based on memory)

What are Hadis and Ijmas

These are sources of Mohammedan law. These are the discussions of prophet. These are similar to Koran

What are Kiyas?

Analogy derived from Koran and other such important documents in Mohammedan Law

What are Kachhi and Pakki Adat Systems

Adat = agency system in Indian (marwari) business practices Adat is a system where a firm sends its goods to another firm to sell it out on the behalf of the first firm. If the goods are not sold, it is taken back by the owner and all risks are borne by the owner. The Adati takes commission which is called Adat.

What is law merchant ?

The law of the traders in the UK is called law merchant. This is the source of mercantile law of the UK, which became source of Indian business law.

What is common law ?

principles of law evolved by the judges in making decisions on cases that are brought before them. It is the source of British Law.

What are the types of law?

Constitutional Law Administrative Law Criminal Law Civil Law Mercantile or Commercial LawIP Law (law relating to intellectual property)

What is Doctrine of Stare Decisis

Let the things remain as it is. do not unsettle things which are established stare = remain firm decisis = decision SO it means dont change decision.

What are the various types of precedents?

Precedent means the judgements of the courts. Precedents help in subsequent decisions. There are many types of precedents like : (a) declaratory and original, (b) persuasive, (c) absolutely authoritative, and (d) conditionally authoritative etc. - depending on the nature and enforceablility of the precedent.

What are the various types of meaning of LAW?

Idealistic Try for ideal Positivistic realistic, command of the sovereignHistorical- law evolves over time. Sociological- reflection of social values, Realistic- as per facts, tries to improve situation

Concept

Lots of public parks and gardens are left un-handled or without proper maintenance . The idea is to provide care to the gardens and give a beautiful look to the cities / companies use professionals in garden care promote gardens on terrace of homes

Marketing

Government departments / UIT / PSUs / large companies to be contacted Tenders by government departments to be filed up

Operational plan

Activities to be carried out : levelling, designing, bordering identifying floral plants for beautificationreplacement of soil, removal of garbagefertilisers and spray of necessary pesticidessapling and plantingFoundation and plastering to protect the treescutting and designing the trees

Rates ...

@ 10 per planting sapling for planting trees@ 10 per square meter for planting grass Monthly maintenance charges @ 10 per annum for one square meter garden including charges for fertilizer, new soil etc.Minimum order : 100 trees and garden of minimum 10000 Sq. Meters.

Why???

There are very few firms exclusively doing gardening and garden maintenance with professional expertisethere is a need of beutification of cities

HR plan

The plan is based on work of Gardeners (Mali), so the entire plan will be planned, managed and implemented by gardeners. The gardeners will share the profit of this plan

Global reach ...

Open offices in all important cities and spread beauty across the country ... spread love for nature, and greenaries

THANKS....

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5 DECEMBER 09

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