e-sense: capturing ambient intelligence for mobile communications through wireless sensor networks

8/8/2019 e-Sense: Capturing Ambient Intelligence for Mobile Communications Through Wireless Sensor Networks

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e-SENSE is an Integrated Project (IP) supported by the European 6th Framework Programme, contract number: 027227

Capturing AmbientIntelligence for Mobile

Communications ThroughWireless Sensor Networks

The e-SENSE vision is a completesystem that combines enablingtechnologies to provide seamlessand nomadic access to new classes

o applications by capturing anunprecedented level o contextin ormation through the use o body,object and environment sensornetworks, integrated into Beyond3G Systems and Plat orms.

Project website :www.ist-e-sense.org



An integrated user and scenario based design approach

The e-SENSEscenario port oliopresents 26 assorted contextaware application concepts that can provide bene ts to the usersand business actors in three application spaces :

Personal application space(Li estyle assistant).

Community application space(Wireless hospital).

Industrial application space(Remote asset monitoring).

16 audiovisual showcases presenting selected scenarios rom theport olio. The scenarios and audivisual showcases can be oundat the e-SENSE project website :www.ist-e-sense.org

A customisedstory telling techniquewith interactive inter ace in our languages presents uture usa-ges and Ambient Intelligence challenges such asmobilityand sensing psycho-social situations.

Scenarios have been presented to thepublic in three countries to study theuser and social acceptance. Limits andopportunities or context aware mobileapplications have been characterised as

well asdesign recommendations.

e-Skiing : a scenario in thePersonal application space

Movie snap-shot o e-Skiing scenario

e-SENSE Scenario Port olioThe e-SENSE assumptions and requirements are based on26 diverse application scenarios (16audio-visual show cases) that have been de-composed into context building blocks and their requirementsand subsequently exposed to acceptance studies, which provided eedback to the project.



Innovative Protocols and Mechanisms or the e-SENSE Subsystems

e-SENSE System ArchitectureBased on the e-SENSE scenarios and analysis, an early re erence model was developed that over the courseo the project has been trans ormed into an end-to-end e-SENSE system architecture , spanning romthe individual nodes to the service plat orm, speci ying the e-STACK (protocol stack architecture), Gatewayextensions and WSN integration into IMS service plat orm, as a novel e-SENSE service enabler . Thescope o the e-SENSE system architecture goes well beyond the ZigBee standard as it :

WSN communication mechanisms tailored to the applicationscenarios proposed in e-SENSE in terms o Protocol Elements

or MAC, Networking, Transport and Management.Energy E cient Air-Inter aces or WSN achieving 20nJ/bit.Cross-optimisation o Protocol Elements and design o severalWSN protocol stack instantiations.Context-aware security, privacy and trust ramework togetherwith protocols and mechanisms orming a complete toolboxsolution providing adaptability, fexibility and scalability tosupport the customisation o e-SENSE architecture.Distributed Services, addressing common services such as

localisation/positioning, timing and synchronisation andservice discovery.Distributed Data Processing, addressing collaborativeprocessing and context awareness support.Data Centric Resource Management, which aims to optimisecomputing and communications resources in a data-centricnetwork.An integrated WSN middleware solution (e-SENSEdistributed middleware), including service discovery, resourcemanagement and semantic transport, based on publish/subscribe.

Integrates advanced protocol concepts and newcommunication paradigms, e.g. data centricity.

Supports complete con guration o the protocolstack or various sensor applications.

O ers enhanced support unctionality or advan-ced WSN applications, e.g. localisation and ran-ging support.

Allows an e cient integration o cross-layer opti-mised protocols.

Considers gateway extensions to allow easy inte-gration o WSNs into B3G systems, e.g integra-tion into IMS based service plat orms.

Allows wireless sensor nodes and the network to

dynamically adapt their behaviour according toenvironmental conditions.

The e-STACK has our subsystems, connectivity (CO),middleware (MI), management (MA) and application(AP) subsystems realising all relevant service unctionso an e-SENSE system.In addition, the proposed system architecture allowsthe e cient integration o e-SENSE systems into an IPmultimedia subsystem (IMS) service plat orm, by ad-ding protocol unctions to the e-STACK implementedin the gateway and providing a novel e-SENSE ser-

vice enabler (SE) in the IMS domain. The SE allowsstandardised access to sensor-based context in or-mation to applications in the IMS domain potentiallyutilising many deployed e-SENSE systems.

ServiceDiscovery

NodeDiscovery

Location andPositioning

TimeSynchronisation

SecurityManager

NodeManager

SystemManager

ServicePromoter

GatewayManager

Management Subsystem

Application Subsystem

Connectivity SubsystemB3GConnectivitySubsystem

Middleware SubsystemMiddlewareSubsystem

Application1

MW DataTransferEntities

MWInteractionManager

MW ControlEntities

CO DataTransferEntities

PHYEntities

CO ControlEntities

Application2

ApplicationN

SAP

SAP

S A P

S A P

S A P

SIP

S essionInitiationP rotocol

HomeSubscriber

Server AS

CSCF*

e-SENSEsystem

e-SENSESE

Diameter

Diameter SIP

Application Plane

Control Plane

Interface between SEand e -SENSE s ystem

Interface betweena pplication serverand e -SENSE SE

*CSCF = Call Session Control Function

Integration into IMS service Plat orm - e-SENSE Service Enabler

e-SENSE system architecture and gateway extension



Ultra Low Power radiosThe radio components are known to be the power consumptionbottleneck in Wireless Sensor Networks. Technology progress,novel design methodologies and accurate speci cation andmodelling help to decrease power consumption.A 20nJ/bit implementation o the IEEE 802.15.4 radio isrealised in e-SENSE, 3 to 10 times below the state-o -the-art. e-SENSE results also include e cient UWB based PHYand MAC components (IEEE 802.15.4a) or Body SensorNetworks in Li estyle Assistant scenarios.

E cient NetworkingOn top o ULP PHYs, cross layer designed protocols arenecessary to achieve system level per ormance and powerconsumption optimisation. e-SENSE proposed and evaluated

e icient MAC+NWK protocols optimally suited or Wire-less Sensor Networks, in particular BSNs and ESNs. Theinterest dissemination solutions rom gateways to nodes andconverge casting solutions rom nodes to gateways showedimproved per ormance with respect to state-o -the-art overseveral metrics.Accurate HW-dependant PHY layer power consumptionmodels were exploited. Robustness to localisation errors wasassessed or geographic based solutions. Experiments basedon COTS plat orm gave a use ul and positive eedback or

urther optimisations.

Service ManagementThe execution model o the e-SENSE system is based onthe instantiation o services on participating sensor nodes. Aquery or context in ormation to the sensor network is transla-ted into the invocation o either a simple or complex service.Service discovery, Service (de)composition, Resource mana-gement, and publish/subscribe as enabling mechanisms arerequired unctions to support the query processing.

Distributed Data and Context ProcessingExporting raw data out o the system or processing at theedge o the network has inherent scalability limitation, both on

the communication bandwidth and the central storage andprocessing power requirements. e-SENSE uses distributeddata and context processing schemes in order to pre-processcontext data as it fows through the network.

e-SENSE Subsystem ComponentsThe e-SENSE project results bring innovation in e fcient ultra low power communications targeting 20nJ/bit,networking and distributed middleware. The e-STACK is a prototype implementation with minimal unctionality.The developed protocols and mechanisms advanced the state o the art signifcantly and can be applied to ahost o problems in the WSN domain.

Application 1

MI MA

S A P Service Discovery

Node Discovery

AS

CO

Pub / Sub ForwardingTechniques

SAP SAP

CO DataTransfer Entities

CO ControlEntities

SAP

SAP

LetiBee chip test board

Sensinode Nano used or e-STACK prototype

e-SENSE WSN node (e-STACK)

Deployement used in the validationo a novel fooding protocol



Body Sensor Network Test Bed and Prototype ApplicationsThe test bed demonstrates an end-to-end implementationo thee-SENSE System Architecture, consisting o bodysensor networks integrated viagateways and the e-SENSE

service enabler into an IP multimedia subsystem (IMS)service plat orm. The system is able tocapture activity,

physiological and emotional state o users , making itavailable to IMS application servers (AS) in the serviceplat orm to realise a variety o enhanced applications in the

areas o personal security, li e-style management and enter-tainment (e.g. e-Skiing).

The test bed demonstrates the realisation o anenviron-

mental sensor network based on the e-SENSE system inan o ce/enterprise environment. Features include, trans ero dynamic context in ormation(e.g. position) or multipleusers, large-scale deployment (entire building),3D Locali-

sation, proximity detection mechanisms and in- eld data

processing . The system is integrated with anubiquitouslydeployed signage in rastructure , able to realise persona-lised and context-aware guidance in public spaces, intelli-gent emergency evacuation, etc.

Ambient Smart Signs

Introduction to e-SENSE Test BedsThe e-SENSE project has generated several test beds and show-cases to demonstrate key innovations

rom the project. These include Ultra Low Power (ULP) Transceiver Components (LetiBee), Body SensorNetwork, Ambient Smart Sign and Mood Detection. The Body Sensor Network and Smart Sign testbeds are illustrated below.

Node 1

Node 2

Node 3

Node 4

Node 4

SensiNodeMicro4

ECG*

Breathing Rate

EDA*

Accelerometer

Smart phone

SensiNodeNano USB

WLAN Access point

Service Enabler

Linux Server

IMS CSCF*

IMS* domain

IMS ApplicationServer

Audio facilityfor mood induction

Body Sensor Network Gateway B3G Service Platform

EnvironmentalTemperature

SensiNodeNano

Temperature

*CSCF : Call Session Control Function*IMS : IP Multimedia Subsystem

*EDA : Electro Dhermal Activity*ECG : Electrocardiogram



e-SENSE has 24 Partners in 11 EU Countries. The project kicked-o in January 2006 and ended in December 2007. The EC contribution towards the projectwas 6.3 Meuro (approximately 10 MEuro Budget) which unded 950 person months over its 24 months duration.

SMEs:Ambient Systems B.V.(Ambient Systems) - Netherlands

HFC Human-Factors-ConsultGmbH(HFC) - Germany

Companies:

ALMA Consulting Group(ALMA CG) - France

EADS De ence andSecuritySystems SA(EADS) - France

Fujitsu Laboratories o Europe(FLE) – United Kingdom

IBM Research GmbH(IBM) - Switzerland

Mitsubishi Electric ITCE(ITE) - France

Nokia Siemens Networks,S.p.A.(NSN) - Italia

Tele ónica Investigación y

Desarrollo Sociedad AnónimaUnipersonal(TID) - Spain

Thales Research & Technology(TRT) – United Kingdom

Universities:

Universities:

Aalborg University(AAU) - Denmark

Consorzio Ferrara Ricerche(CFR) - Italia

Del t University o Technology(DUT) - Netherlands

Eidgenössische TechnischeHochschule(ETHZ) - Switzerland

King’s College London(KCL) - United Kingdom

University o Oulu(UO) - Finland

University o Surrey(UniS) - United Kingdom

University o the Aegean(Aegean) - Great Britain

University o Twente(UT) - Netherlands

Universite Pierre MendesFrance(UPMF) - France

Research Institutes:

Commissariat a L’EnergieAtomique(CEA) - France

Centre Suisse d’Electroniqueet de Microtechnique SA(CSEM) - Switzerland

Fraunho er Gesellscha tzur Förderung derangewandten Forschung(FOKUS) - Germany

Interuniversitair Micro-Electronica Centrum

(IMEC) - Belgium

Administrative Manager:Giuseppe Candela, ALMA [email protected]

Project Coordinator:

Laurent Herault, CEA-LETIlaurent.herault@cea. r

e-SENSE Consortium

C r é a

t i o n : :

C o m

è t e : : w w w . c o

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Technical Manager:Derek Babb, [email protected] [email protected]

e-sense: capturing ambient intelligence for mobile communications through wireless sensor networks

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