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TRIBOLOGY Shopping Mall: shop.randb.co.kr Order Information www.randb.co.kr [email protected] T. 042-935-0490, F. 042-935-0496 R&B Inc.

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Page 1: e Wear catalog 141227 · 2015-06-16 · Tribology is on the intermediate field between science and engineering that deals with the design, friction, wear and lubrication of interacting

TRIBOLOGY

Shopping Mall: shop.randb.co.kr

Order Information

▪ www.randb.co.kr

[email protected]

▪ T. 042-935-0490, F. 042-935-0496

R&B Inc.

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Preface Tribology is on the intermediate field between science and engineering that deals with the design, friction, wear and lubrication of interacting surfaces in relative motion. From this definition, it is evident that tribology plays an extremely important role in the design of mechanical equipment, since relative motion between surfaces of machine components cannot be avoided. The economic effect of improved understanding in tribology cannot be overemphasized. Reasonable design of sliding components and proper selection of materials and lubricants save the cost in maintenance and replacement costs, reduction of losses due to breakdowns, saving in capital investment through increased life of machines and lower energy consumption resulting from lower friction. Therefore, it is imperative to explore and utilize the fundamentals of tribology. For the convenience of the customers on tribology, R&B Inc. has developing the ‘TRIBOTM’ brand system and supplies all kinds of testing equipment with reasonable price, quick delivery. The performance of all kinds of product has been certified and checked sufficiently with careful procedures. ‘TRIBOTM’ is a not world leader brand in tribology field, but will be the world best brand for trying to eliminate the difficulty involved in wear and friction research field and developing new techniques for test. Brand-new Technology in Tribology Field If you want to find superior suitable products for tribology research field, R&B try to solve this problem. ‘TRIBOTM’ products have various kind of advantages; ▪ Tribology analysis technology ▪ Simple and easy wear test and data analysis. ▪ High quality wear and friction information ▪ Various kind of jig and fixture. ▪ Application to wide range of tribology research field

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Wear Standards 마모시험규격은 크게 마모의 기본적인 개념, 용어해설, 마찰계수 등을 다루는 일반적인 규격과 시험규격으로 대별된다. 시험 규격은 매우 다양하나 두 가지로 대별해 보면 Lubricant & Grease 관련 마모시험과 재료의 마모특성을 시험하는 규격으로 나뉜다. 대표적인 ASTM 및 ISO 규격을 정리하면 아래와 같다. ▪ 마모일반 (Wear General)

Wear Data Acquisition ASTM G163 Digital Data Acquisition in Wear and Friction Measurements

Wear data format ASTM G118 Recommended Format of Wear Test Data Suitable for Databases

Wear terminology ASTM G40 Standard Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion

Friction coefficient ASTM D1894 Static and Kinetic Coefficients of Friction of Plastic Film and Sheeting ASTM G115 Measuring and Reporting Friction Coefficients ISO 8295 Plastics-Film and sheeting – Determination of the coefficient of friction

▪ Lubricant & Grease 관련 마모시험

ASTM D3233 Measurement of Extreme Pressure Properties of Fluid Lubricants ASTM D3337 Determining Life and Torque of lubricating greases in small ball bearings JASO M348 Friction characteristics test method for automatic transmission fluids ASTM D2266 Wear Preventive Characteristics of Lubricating Grease (Four-Ball Method) ASTM D2596 Measurement of Extreme-Pressure Properties of Lubricating Grease (Four-Ball Method) ASTM D2783 Measurement of Extreme-Pressure Properties of Lubricating Fluids (Four-Ball Method) KS M2026 Petroleum products-Testing methods for load carrying capacity ASTM D5707 Measuring Friction and Wear Properties of Lubricating Grease Using a High-Frequency,

Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine ASTM D2509 Measurement of Load-Carrying Capacity of Lubricating Grease (Timken Method)

Lubricant & Grease Timken ASTM D2782 Measurement of Extreme-Pressure Properties of Lubricating Fluids (Timken Method) ASTM D4172 Wear Preventive Characteristics of Lubricating Fluid (Four-Ball Method) ASTM D5706 Determining Extreme Pressure Properties of Lubricating Greases Using a High-Frequency,

Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine ASTM D4170 Fretting Wear Protection by Lubricating Greases

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▪ 재료관련 마모시험

Abrasion wear ASTM G65 Measuring Abrasion Using the Dry Sand/Rubber Wheel Apparatus

Ball-on Flat ASTM G133 Linearly Reciprocating Ball-on-Flat Sliding Wear

Block on ring ASTM D2714 Calibration and Operation of the Falex Block-on-Ring Friction and Wear Testing Machine ASTM G137 Ranking Resistance of Plastic Materials to Sliding Wear Using a Block-On-Ring Configuration ASTM G77 Ranking Resistance of Materials to Sliding Wear Using Block-on-Ring Wear Test

Cam 신뢰성 평가기준 RS D 0035 Assembled P/M Camshaft

Cavitation Erosion ASTM G32 Cavitation Erosion Using Vibratory Apparatus

Ceramic ball on disk ISO 20808 Determination of friction and wear characteristics of monolithic ceramics by ball-on-disc method

Coal sampling ISO 1988 Hard coal - Sampling

Coating wear KS D 8335 Methods of wear resistance test for metallic coatings

Cross cylinder ASTM G83 Wear Testing with a Crossed-Cylinder Apparatus

Four ball and EP Test Summary Galling resistance

ASTM G98 Galling Resistance of Materials Jet erosion

ASTM G134 Erosion of Solid Materials by a Cavitating Liquid Jet Pin Abrasion

ASTM G132 Pin Abrasion Testing Pin-on Disk

ASTM G99 Wear Testing with a Pin-on-Disk Apparatus Reciprocating wear

ISO 12156 Diesel fuel -Assessment of lubricity using the high-frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR) Rubber Abrasion wear

ASTM G105 Conducting Wet Sand/Rubber Wheel Abrasion Tests Scratch test

ASTM C1624 Adhesion Strength and Mechanical Failure Modes of Ceramic Coatings by Quantitative Single Point Scratch Testing

Slurry abrasion ASTM G75 Determination of Slurry Abrasivity (Miller Number) and Slurry Abrasion Response of Materials

(SAR Number) Solid particle erosion

ASTM G76 Conducting Erosion Tests by Solid Particle Impingement Using Gas Jets Thrust washer wear

ASTM D3702 Wear Rate and Coefficient of Friction of Materials in Self- Lubricated Rubbing Contact Using a Thrust Washer Testing Machine

R&B 마모관련자료

고체윤활제 및 마찰계수 TN 14 마모시험의 know how 마모 seminar 자료 외 다수 R&B 보유자료 LIST 참조

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Introduction

R&B Inc.는 시험계측기 전문생산 업체로 1997 년 설립되었습니다.

1997 이후 산업체, 연구소 학교에 2,500 여 System 이 공급되어 사용되고 있습니다.

▪ Division

• TOPMET Division Metallography 장비 및 소모품

• TRIBO Division Wear 및 Erosion

• UNITECH Division Material Testing System

▪ History 1997.11 주)알앤비 설립 1999.05 R&D center 설립 2000.02 Venture 기업 등록 2000.10 기술혁신기업 선정 2001.10 INNO Biz 기업 선정 2002.03 ISO 9001: 2000 certificate 2004.11 대덕 Techno Valley 사옥 이전 2005.04 Nano Mechatronics Frontier 사업 참여 2009.07 CE Certificate 2009.10 KOLAS 국제공인시험기관 인정

▪ User List

Wear 및 Erosion 시험기 약 100 여 System 이 국가연구소, 학교, 산업체에 보급되어 사용 중이며

특히 고온 마모 분야에 많이 사용되고 있다.

국공립연구기관

한국철도기술연구소, 한국기계연구원, 포항산업과학연구원, 부산울산중소기업청, 한국전력연구원 한국생

산기술연구원, 자동차 부품 연구원, 대구항공기술연구소, 한국화학연구원, 한국표준과학연구원, 한국원자력연구원

대학

조선대학교, 국민대학교, 서울시립대학교, 창원대학교, 한밭대학교, 강릉대학교, 부산대학교 충남대학교, 울산대학교, 천안공업대학교, KAIST, 경북대학교, 한국해양대학교, 밀양대학교, 안동대학교, 서울대학교, 대림대학교, 한국기술교육대학교, 인하대학교, 경상대학교, 공주대학교, 한양대학교 한국산업기술대학교, 고려대학교, 단국대학교, 두원공과대학교, 경상대학교 목포해양대학교, 명지대학교 전남대학교, 인하공업전문대, 전북대학교, 성균관대학교 순천향대학교, 대구대학교

산업체

LG 디스플레이 SK㈜ 대덕기술원 두산중공업, 신한다이아몬드㈜, 포스코, 동서공업, 아주 steel KCC(주), 아이메탈아이, 대우종합기계, 나노기술개발, 대림 H&L㈜ 포스코, 경창산업, 광양 포스코, 한라공조

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▪ Patent and Certification

약 30 여종의 각종 인정 및 인증, 특허 등을 보유

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▪ Product Index

마모, 마찰, 마식 시험을 할 수 있는 다양한 시험기가 생산되며 고온, 저온, 습식, 건식, 불활성분위기 등 여러 시험 조건의 설정이 가능하다. 또한 정형화된 시험기가 아닌 특정 목적의 Order made 마모시험기의 공급도 가능하다.

Model Number Description

RB311 ST Scratch Tester

RB100 MT Micro Tribo System

RB101 MP Multi-purpose Wear Tester

RB102 PD Pin on Disc Wear Tester

RB103 RB Ring on Block Wear Tester

RB104 FW Fretting Wear Test Machine

RB105 AW Abrasive Wear Tester

RB106 RC Rolling Contact Wear Tester

RB107 ST Seizure Tester

RB108 RF Reciprocating Friction Wear Tester

RB109 FB Four Ball Wear Tester

RB110 ET Solid Particle Erosion Tester

RB111 CE Cavitation Erosion Tester

RB112 SE Slurry Erosion Tester

RB113 CT Cam & Tappet Wear Tester

RB115 FT Friction Tester

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Model No. RB311 ST SKECHTM Scratch Tester Description Scratch tester 는 Coating 층의 접착력을 측정하는 목적으로 사용한다. 시험은 Coating 층에 Diamond tip 을 이용하여 점진적으로 힘을 가해주면서 한쪽 방향으로 끌어 당겨 Tangential 하중(또는 Lateral 하중)의 이상 신호나 AE sensor 로부터의 이상 신호가 나오는 점까지 시험한다. Scratch test 는 3 가지 종류가 제안 1. Progressive load scratch test (PLST) 2. Constant load scratch test (CLST) 3. Multi-pass scratch test (MPST) Characteristics • ASTM C-1624 적용 가능 • Closed loop control • Acoustic emission detector 를 사용한 박리 검출(option)

• 광학적 관찰 가능(option) • PC controlled operation • 실시간 Data display • 실시간 Video 및 Image 측정(Option) • 실시간 Data display • 측정 Data 와 광학적 관찰의 연결 가능 • Progressive load scratch test (PLST) • Constant load scratch test (CLST) • Multi pass scratch test (MPST) • 모든 시험 변수의 Setting 및 Control • Data report form Specification • Dimension: 610W x 300D x 715H • Weight: 80 kg • Normal force( Fn, Newton): 200 or more • Normal force resolution(N): 3mN • Tangential force (Ft, Newton): 200 or more • Tangential force resolution(N): 3mN • Stroke-Z direction (mm): 20 or more • Stroke resolution- Z direction: 10nm • Scratch stroke-X direction (mm): 150 or more • Scratch stroke resolution: 10nm • Loading rate (N/min.): 5~200 • Scratch speed(mm/min): 0.001~100 • Y-direction stroke (mm): manual 30 or more • Specimen table dimension (mm x mm): 40x30 • X-Y table: 150x50 • Indenter: Rockwell C Diamond cone or User defined indenter

• Video microscope magnification (Option): 50x, 200x

Introduction Scratch test covers the determination of the practical adhesion strength and mechanical failure modes of hard and thin ceramic coatings on metal or ceramic substrate at ambient temperature. These ceramic coatings are commonly used for wear/abrasion resistance, oxidation protection, and functional performance improvement. In this test method, a diamond stylus of defined geometry is drawn across the flat surface of a coated test specimen at a constant speed and a defined normal force for a defined distance. The damage along the scratch track is microscopically assessed as a function of the applied load. Special levels of progressive damage are associated with increasing normal stylus forces. The force levels which produce a specific type/level of damage in the coating are defined as a critical scratch load. The test method also describes the use of tangential force and acoustic emission signals as secondary test data to identify different coating damage levels.

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Model No. RB100 MT 미소마모시험기(Micro Tribo System) Description 본 미소마모시험기는 주로 Coating 층이나 미세시편의 마모거동을 측정하는 Pin on Disc & Ball on Disc 마모시험기 이다. 구동 장치는 특별히 고안된 구동 장치를 채택하여 시편의 구동 및 수평 이동 정밀도를 증가시켰으며, 이동 거리 및 주기를 제어 할 수 있도록 하였다. 시편은 Holder 를 교체 함으로써 볼 및 핀으로 교환할 수 있다. 또한 전용 프로그램을 이용하여 특성 데이터를 실시간으로 볼 수 있다. Specification • Load capacity: 0.01N ~ 10N • Load: Precision weight • RPM: Max. 3000RPM • Power: 0.4kw Servo motor • Pin on Disc & Ball on Disc • Friction coefficient • Heating method: Peltier element • Heating range: RT ~ 1500C * Specifications can be changed with user’s define Test Method • Pin on Disc Test (ISO 7148, ASTM G 99) • Ball on Disc (ISO 7148) • Thrust Washer (ASTM D 3702) Specimen • Plate specimen size: up to 12x12x11 mm (Depth,

Width, Height) • Ball specimen: 1, 2, 3 mm diameter • Pin specimen: 1, 2, 3 mm diameter x 10 mm length Display data • Sliding velocity • Normal force • Coefficient of friction • Friction force • Testing time • Number of revolution • Sliding distance • Temperature Control parameters • Sliding velocity • Normal load • Testing time • Testing cycle • Temperature

Introduction To secure performance and durability of micro devices, each element should reduce friction and wear. Miniature mechanical devices such as MEMS and many devices of IT industries have received significant attention due to their great potential in practice. However, issues of surface interactions such as adhesion and wear in these structures have prevented their reliable operation and practical application. The low friction/wear technology aims at protection of severe surface damage of mechanical elements by minimizing the transfer of friction energy or adhesion generated at the contacting interface. The reduction of friction in turn reduces wear damage and thereby extends the life and reliability of products and leads to the improvement in the performance of precision mechanical elements. As the contact between two bodies is initiated from the individual asperities at micro/nano scale, a better understanding of the tribological behavior in the contact interface at micro/nano scale is great importance. This system is suitable to study on microtribology or nanotribology. Application • Friction, wear and lubrication phenomena in

micro/nano scale • Tribology in head-disk interface of magnetic storage

device • Ultra thin film lubrication in micro machine • Tribology in micro machine

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Model No.RB101 MP

Multi-purpose Wear Tester

Description 본 시험기는 Module 별로 다양한 마모시험 수행이 가능한 다목적 마모/마찰시험기 이다. 회전, 왕복동, Ring on block 등의 시험이 가능하며 온도, 습도, 분위기 조절이 가능하다. 하중은 작은 하중에서부터 큰 하중까지 정하중을 가할 수 있는 Hybrid type loading system(Patent)을 적용하였다.. 시편은 Holder 를 교체 함으로써 볼 및 핀으로 교환할 수 있다. 또한 전용 프로그램을 이용하여 특성 데이터를 실시간으로 볼 수 있다. Specification • Load capacity: Up to 1kN • RPM: Max. 1,800RPM • Reciprocating frequency: up to30Hz • Reciprocating stroke: up to 25mm • Power: 0.4kw Servo motor • Pin on Disc & Ball on Disc • Friction coefficient • Heating range: RT ~ 150C • Block on ring module • Reciprocating module * Specifications can be changed with user’s define Test Method • Pin on Disc Test (ISO 7148, ASTM G 99) • Ball on Disc (ISO 7148) • Thrust Washer (ASTM D 3702)

Introduction This multi-purpose wear tester is designed with modular types of rotating module, reciprocating module and block on ring module. Using the rotating module, pin/ball on disc test can be carried out, reciprocating module is used for ball on flat and reciprocating cyclic wear test. Block on ring module is used for block on ring, pin on ring, ball on ring test. Display data • Sliding velocity • Normal force • Coefficient of friction • Friction force • Testing time • Number of revolution • Sliding distance • Temperature Control parameters • Sliding velocity • Normal load • Testing time • Testing cycle • Temperature

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Model No. RB102 PD Pin on Disc 마모시험기(Pin on disc Wear Tester) Description 하중 부가 방식에 따라 두 기종이 있다. Lever에 의해 하중을 가하는 형태 및 Air piston 및 Valve를 사용하여 하중을 조절하는 기종이다. 레버 비는 10:1, 2:1 두 가지로 조절 할 수 있다. Jig의 교체에 따라 One pin on disc, Three pin disc, One ball on disc, Three ball on disc, Thrust washer tester, Four ball test 등이 가능하다. Specification ▪ Rotational speed: 1 to 1,700 rpm ▪ Load capacity: 10, 50, 200kg (Selectable) ▪ Humidity control: 30 ~ 90% R.H ▪ Heating range: ~ 150°C (High Temp. is available with

option) ▪ Lever ratio: 10:1, 2:1 Test Method ▪ Pin on Disc Test (ISO 7148, ASTM G 99) ▪ Ball on Disc (ISO 7148) ▪ Thrust Washer (ASTM D 3702) Specimen Disc Specimen: 30, 60 mm diameter x 8 mm thick Pin Specimen: 5 mm diameter x 20 mm long Ball Specimen: 5.95 mm, 12.7 mm diameter Radius of Test Track: 0 to 60 mm

Control parameters

▪ Rotation speed ▪ Temperature ▪ Load ▪ Time ▪ Cycle ▪ Sliding distance Recorded parameters ▪ Rotational speed ▪ Friction torque ▪ Temperature ▪ Number of revolution ▪ Test duration ▪ Sliding speed ▪ Friction coefficient

▪ Sliding distance

Introduction

Pin on disc wear tester is most popular system in wear testing machine. This system can be used as the ball on disc, pin on disc type with changing the sample jig and fixture.

This system can do following wear test - Ball on disc (One ball, three ball), Pin on disc (One pin, three pin), Pin on plate, Four ball test, Rolling four ball test and Thrust washer test. There are two kinds of loading mechanism. One is lever &weight type and another is air piston type. Lever ratio have two steps and been changeable according to the testing purpose. PC driven controller and software can control the machine and make data acquisition and analysis very easily. All control parameters, current status of machine and data are displayed in large LCD panel.

Report Form

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Model No. RB103 RB Ring on Block Wear Test Machine Description 본 시험기는 미끄럼 마찰에 대한 재료의 저항성을 결정 하는 실험을 할 수 있는 시험기 이다. 여러 조건에서 재료의 상대적인 미끄럼 마찰 특성을 결정 할 수 있도록 제작 되었으며, 다양한 분위기 및 모든 상황을 모사 할 수 있는 시험기 이다. Characteristics • Easy operating • High frame stiffness • Multi safety device • Control of motor rpm. • Easy to use for simple operation. • Control revolution for counter meter • Quick response on dangerous situation Test Method ▪ ASTM D2714 ▪ ASTM G77 ▪ ASTM G137 ▪ ASTM D3704 Specifications ▪ Motor: AC servo motor ▪ Loading mechanism: AC servo motor or hydraulic control system ▪ Load capacity : 20 ~ 10,000 N ▪ Load cell (10,000 N ~ 100 N changeable) ▪ RPM: 60 ~ 3,000 rpm ▪ Heating system: R.T to 150 ± 2°C ▪ Lubricating chamber: R.T to 150 ± 2°C ▪ Vibration sensor

Display parameter • Control signal • Friction coefficient • Vibration • RPM • Time • Load • Total cycle

Control parameter • Temperature • Load • Time • RPM • Cycle

Introduction

This system is designed for various Rolling Contact Wear Test and Simulation for sliding wear

This test method covers a laboratory procedure to measure the resistance of materials under dry sliding conditions. The test utilizes a block-on-ring geometry to rank materials according to their sliding wear characteristics under various conditions. Wear test results are reported as specific wear rates calculated from volume loss, sliding distance, and load. Materials with superior wear resistance have lower specific wear rates. A block of known dimensions is brought into contact with a counterface ring (usually metal) under controlled conditions of contact pressure and relative velocity. This is achieved using a block-on-ring configuration The test is continued until the steady state wear rate is established. Mass loss measurements made after the steady state is established are used to determine the steady state specific wear rate, which is the volume loss per unit sliding distance per unit load. The frictional torque may also be measured during the steady state using a load cell. These data can be used to evaluate the coefficiency of friction for the test combination.

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Model No. RB104 FW Fretting Wear Test Machine Description 본 베어링 내구성 모사시험기는 재료의 내 마모성에 대한 특성을 평가하는 장치로서 Fretting wear 시험을 통해 재료의 상대적인 마모 특성을 비교 할 수 있는 시험기 이다. Controller Controller 는 시험의 Setting 조건을 설정하고 실제 실험을 수행하도록 제작되었다. Rotating RPM 은 AC servo inverter 에 의해 Control 되며, Rotating RPM 및 시험 Cycle 을 결정하여 입력할 수 있으며 RPM 및 Cycle 이 Digital display 된다. Specifications •Load capacity: 300N •Loading Type: Hybrid loading system •Electromagnetic type linear actuator •Maximum force: Max. 300 N •Stroke: ±4 mm •Max. Frequency: 30 Hz. (dependant on the load or

displacement) •Maximum speed: 1,000 mm/sec •Stroke resolution: 1μm

Test Method ▪ ASTM D4170 ▪ ASTM G133

Recorded parameters ▪ Load ▪ Friction force ▪ Temperature ▪ Frequency ▪ Contact potential ▪ stroke

Introduction This system is useful to study on fretting resistance of steel ball and other components operated in fretting (wear) fatigue and fretting corrosion condition.

This system is consisted of main unit (including electromagnetic actuator type loading system), friction force measuring sensor, displacement gage, controller and software.

Followings are the specification of this system.

Control parameters

▪ Frequency ▪ Temperature ▪ Load ▪ Test duration

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Model No. RB105 AW Abrasive Wear Tester Description 본 시험기는 BS 1016-11 “Methods for analysis and testing of coal and coke. General introduction and methods for reporting results” 또는 ISO 1988 “Coal sampling”에 명시하는 방법에 따라 Coal 의 평가에 필요한 Abrasive 시험을 하기 위하여 개발된 마찰 마모 시험기 이다. 본 시험기는 원통형의 Chamber 에 규정에 정한 크기 및 분량의 Coal 을 넣고 역시 규격에 규정한 속도 및 시간 동안 시편이 장착된 Quadrant arm 을 회전시켜 시편의 마모되는 양을 측정하여 coal 의 특성을 측정하는 시험기이다. Characteristics • Easy operating • High frame stiffness • Multi safety device • Control of motor rpm. • Easy to use for simple operation. • Control revolution for counter meter • Quick response on dangerous situation Controller Controller 는 시험의 Setting 조건을 설정하고 실제 실험을 수행하도록 제작되었다. Rotating RPM 은 AC servo inverter 에 의해 Control 되며, Rotating RPM 및 시험 Cycle 을 결정하여 입력할 수 있으며 RPM 및 Cycle 이 Digital display 된다. Test Method ▪ ASTM G65 ▪ BS 1061-11 ▪ ISO 1988 Specifications •Max. RPM: 1470 •Drive motor capacity(kW): 3~4 •Driving spindle size (mm): 170 Ø x 326L •Mill pot size(mm): 219.1 Ø x 8.18T x 229L •Environment <50°C, <80% RH

Guard and quadrant arm Introduction This system is designed for experiment and analysis of coal as BS 1016-11. This equipment fix specific specimen in cylindrical-shaped chamber. And put critical size, quantity of coal into the chamber. After rotate the specimen by constant speed, and weight wear scar loss of the specimen, Wear loss is used for maintenance and repair of power plant equipment. System is consisted of Main frame, Motor, Mill pot, Quadrant arm, Blade and each indicator. Tool steel is used as blade (sample) for minimum wear scar, Hardness is controlled Hv 145~175 by heat treatment. Test step Put critical quantity coal into mill pot, Motor revolution is reached 1.470±30rpm in 10 seconds. Stop the motor at 12,000 ± 20revolution about 490 seconds. Separate the blade from quadrant arm, cleaning, and weighting wear scar loss on analytical balance, Record the wear loss.

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Model No. RB106 RC 구름접촉마모시험기 Rolling Contact Wear Test Machine Description 재료의 구름, 미끄러짐 접촉에 의한 마모 현상을 Simulation 할 수 있는 고속, 고 하중용 Rolling Contact Wear Tester 이다. ASTM 2714, ISO7148 규격에 따라 시험을 수행 할 수 있고, Data acquisition 및 분석 Software 에 의해 온도, 하중, 시간, 회전 수, 속도 등을 On line 으로 Data 를 받아들이고 저장, Plotting 이 가능하도록 설계 되었다. 본 시스템은 원하는 하중의 제어를 Servo motor 에 의한 정 하중 장치를 부착하여 설정하중을 정확하고 손쉽게 부가할 수 있다. Characteristics • Load control: Servo motor closed loop control • Slip ratio control: 0 ~ 100% • Lubrication chamber • Full computer driver system controller • Window based system software Application • Rolling contact wear simulation • Sliding contact wear simulation • Bearing life test simulation • Scuffing test simulation • Gear wear simulation • Friction coefficient measurement • Upper & Lower disk test • Block on Ring test • Ring on Ring test

Specification

•Motor: AC servo motor •Loading mechanism: AC servo motor or hydraulic control system

•Load capacity : 20 ~ 10,000 N •Load cell (10,000 N ~ 100 N changeable) •RPM: 60 ~ 3,000 rpm •Heating system: R.T to 150 ± 2°C •Lubricating chamber: R.T to 150 ± 2°C •Vibration sensor

Introduction

This machine is used for the study on high load lubricate power transmitting contacts and rolling contact fatigue of materials. The test rollers have crowned profile giving a well defined circular contact zone and high Hertzian contact pressure. This system can be used for simulation of wear mechanism on rolling and sliding according to ASTM 2714, ISO7148. Constant load is applied by closed loop controlled AC servo motor. Display parameter • Control signal • Friction coefficient • Vibration • RPM • Time • Load • Total cycle

Control parameter • Temperature • Load • Time • RPM • Cycle

Test Method ▪ ASTM 2714 ▪ ISO 7148

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Model No. RB107 ST Seizure Tester Description 본 시험기는 A/C Compressor 의 구성부품인 사판과 Shoe 에 대한 내구성 검증을 통한 양산 품질의 확보 및 사판 개발에 따른 Coating 의 부착력 및 내마모성, 강도, 마찰계수 등을 조사하기 위한 시험기 이다 . Characteristics • Easy operating • High frame stiffness • Multi safety device • Control of motor rpm. • Easy to use for simple operation. • Control revolution for counter meter • Quick response on dangerous situation Controller Controller 는 시험의 Setting 조건을 설정하고 실제 실험을 수행하도록 제작되었다. Rotating RPM 은 AC servo inverter 에 의해 Control 되며, RPM 및 시험 Cycle 을 결정하여 입력할 수 있으며 Digital display 된다. Specifications •Maximum RPM: 8,000RPM •Formality torque: 11kgf.m •Motor power: 22kw •Pulley and V belt •Air cylinder (belt tension control unit) •Rotating shaft with lubrication system •Hydraulic actuator •Servo valve driver and control card

Introduction

Materials are required to slide against one another, particularly with poor or no lubrication, high friction levels and seizure are commonly seen to occur, which can cause component failure. The wear and seizure has been investigated in sliding against a hard steel counterface by continuous loading experiments carried out in this seizure tester The wear characteristics of materials when considered as a function of load, exhibit distinct mild wear, severe wear and seizure regimes. Mild wear is characterized by formation of a protective iron-rich compacted layer. The severe wear is initiated when the protective layer is removed as a result of subsurface flow. On further increment of load this leads to seizure. Repeatable behavior was achieved in the tests and from the results, zones/points corresponding to seizure were identified based on previous definition from the literature. Friction coefficients behavior was also characterized.

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Model No. RB108 RF 왕복동마모시험기 Reciprocating Friction Wear Tester

Description 다양한 접촉조건 하에서 재료의 마찰, 마모특성을 평가 할 수 있는 장비로서 Point / Line / Area 접촉특성을 Jig 의 교체에 따라 구현할 수 있다. 원하는 Stroke 를 Setting 하여 다양한 접촉상태를 구현할 수 있도록 하였다. 분위기에 의한 시험조건을 구현할 수 있도록 Test chamber 를 설치하여 윤활조건 및 Gas 분위기에서 재료의 마찰, 마모거동을 평가할 수 있다. 측정모드는 마찰력, 마찰계수, 마모량, 접촉저항, 온도로서 시험조건의 설정 및 시험 중 변화하는 데이터를 수집, 저장되도록 구성되었으며, 간단한 형태의 시편으로 미끄럼, 구름운동에 의한 마모, 마찰거동을 평가할 수 있다.

Specification •Load range: 5 ~ 1,000 N •Load cell: 5N or 100N, 1,000N changeable •Transducer type : Piezo-Electric or strain gage type •Frequency range: 1 to 50 Hz •Stroke range: 0.5 ~ 20 mm •Heating method: cartridge or hot air heater •Heating range: ambient to 150°C (400°C option) •Temperature sensor: K type thermocouple Controlled parameters • Frequency • Temperature • Load • Test duration Recorded parameters • Load • Friction force • Temperature • Frequency • Contact potential • Friction coefficient • Stroke

Introduction

This system is the equipment used to evaluate a materials by reciprocating motion and is developed to perform various contact conditions The effects of speed and normal load can be examined under multiple lubrication regimes, and variations in the coefficient of friction can be observed as a function of crank angle degree. Test Method ▪ ASTM D5706 ▪ ASTM D5707 ▪ ASTM G133 ▪ ISO 12156

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Model No. RB109 FB Four Ball Wear Tester Description 강구를 이용한 윤활유의 내마모성을 평가할 수 있는 Four Ball Wear Tester 로서 ASTM D 2783, ASTM D 2266, ASTM D 4172, ASTM D 2596 등의 규격에 따라 모든 시험을 수행 할 수 있다. 이 시스템은 컴퓨터와 연결되어 작동 시 마우스의 클릭에 의한 시스템의 제어 및 작동이 이루어지도록 구성 되었고 Data acquisition and analysis software 에 의해 온도, 하중, 시간, 회전수, 속도 등을 실시간으로 받아들이고 저장, Plotting 이 가능하도록 S/W 가 설계 되었다. 본 시스템은 원하는 하중의 제어를 Servo motor 또는 Air cushion 에 의한 정하중 장치를 부착하여 설정하중을 정확하고 손쉽게 부가할 수 있다. 규격에 따른 시험종류는 Four ball method, Extreme-pressure properties measurement 로 각종 윤활유 (유압작동유, 기어오일, 엔진오일 등)의 내마모성과 극압성능 등을 평가 할 수 있다. Test Method •ASTM D2783 •ASTM D2266 •ASTM D4172 •ASTM D2596 Specification • Motor: AC servo motor • Load capacity: 250 ~ 10,000 N • Load cell (10,000 N, 1,000 N changeable) • RPM: 60 ~ 3,000 rpm • Heating system: R.T to 150°C • Test Ball: 12.7mm steel ball • Optional ball: Φ31/8”, Φ5/16”, Φ15/16”

Application

시험용 강구는 일반적으로 AISI Standard steel No. E-52100 (bearing steel) 12.7 mm, grade 25 EP (Extra polish) Rockwell C hardness 64~66 을 사용하여 윤활유 및 Grease 류를 평가한다.

Control parameter

• Temperature • Load • RPM • Time • Cycle

Introduction

Four Ball Wear Test Machine is used to determine the relative wear-preventing properties of lubricating fluids and greases in sliding and rolling applications.Three steel balls are clamped together to form a cradle upon which a fourth ball rotates on a vertical axis. The balls are immersed in the oil sample at a specified speed, temperature and load. At the end of a specified test time, the average diameter of the wear scars on the three lower balls is measured. During the test, the load is increased every 10 minutes up to the point where the frictional trace indicates incipient seizure.

Display parameter

• Friction torque • Friction coefficient • Time • Cycle • RPM Accessory • Wear scar measuring system

: Stereo microscope (zooming) : X-Y stage & Digital micrometer

• Four Ball Test Jig : ASTM D 2596 • Rolling Four Ball Jig

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Model No. RB110 ET Solid Particle Erosion Tester (DIMPLERTM ) Description 본 Solid particle erosion tester 는 상품명 DIMPLERTM 로 ASTM G76~95 “Conducting Erosion Tests by Solid Particle Impingement Using Gas jets”의 규격을 만족하는 시험기이다 고체입자를 포함한 가스를 재료에 분사하여 재료의 Erosion 에 따른 손실을 측정하는 시험으로서 산업 전반에 걸쳐 많은 응용분야에 사용하고 있다. 예로서 발전소의 Coal ash 에 따른 튜브 손상의 모사 등이 대표적인 사례이다. 실제 Erosion 은 입자크기, 속도, 공격각도, 환경 등에 의해 영향을 받기 때문에 시험에 많은 변수를 갖는다. 따라서 한번의 실험으로 실험 결과를 도출하기는 어려우며 많은 실험결과를 평균하여 사용한다. System 의 구성은 압축공기를 조절하는 부분과 고체입자를 공급하는 부분, 노즐을 통하여 시편에 고체입자를 분사하는 부분, 시편 Stage 및 고체입자의 속도를 측정하는 부분으로 구성되어 있다. 또한 시험 시에는 사용하지 않으나 고체입자의 분사 속도를 측정할 수 있는 Double disc rotating velocity meter 가 공급된다. 기기 구성 • 압축공기 조절부분 • 고체입자를 분사하는 부분 • 시편 Stage • Double disc rotating velocity meter 표준시편을 이용한 기기의 성능평가 Erosion 의 경우 실험에 영향을 주는 인자가 다양하기 때문에 장비의 평가를 표준 시편을 이용하여 측정한다. 즉 규정에 적합한 시편을 준비하고 규정된 조건으로 실험을 하여 이미 정립된 Erosion 값이 얻어 지는지를 측정하여 기기의 적합성을 판단한다. • 표준시편 S20C 재료를 10x30x2 mm 로 가공 후 760C 에서 15 분간 유지 후 공기 중 냉각하여 ASTM 입도 9 및 경도 HRB 70 전후로 만든다. 시험면을 #400 으로 연마하여 표면 거칠기를 RMS 1 ㎛ 정도로 만든다. • 표준시험조건 고체입자: #240 Al2O3 (평균직경 50 ㎛) 분사속도: 30m/s 노즐과 시편거리: 10mm 분사각도: 90 도 온도: 상온 입자 공급속도: 2.0 ± 0.5 g/min • 평균 Erosion rate 상기 조건으로 측정한 Erosion rate는 2.13~ 3.72 x 10-3 mm3/g 내에 존재하면 기기의 성능이 규격을 만족한다고 평가한다.

Introduction

This test method covers the determination of material loss by gas-entrained solid particle impingement erosion with jet nozzle type erosion equipment. This test method describes one well characterized procedure for solid particle impingement erosion measurement. This test method utilizes a repeated impact erosion approach involving a small nozzle delivering a stream of gas containing abrasive particles which impacts the surface of a test specimen. This test method may be used to measure the solid particle erosion of different materials and has been used as a screening test for ranking solid particle erosion rates of materials in simulated environments. Actual erosion service involves particle sizes, velocities, attack angles, environments, etc., Specifications •Max. compressive air pressure (psi): 100 •Max. particle velocity (m/s): 100 or more •Feeder rate: Changeable •Nozzle diameter (mm): Changeable •Nozzle length (mm): More than 50 •Sample elevating distance (mm): 30 •Sample Tilting angle:15~90 Double Disc Rotating Speed Meter Motor power (W) 250 Distance of two disc (mm) 20 Max. RPM 3,000 Disc diameter (mm) 100 Phase 220VAC, Single phase

Test Method • ASTM G76

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Model No. RB111 CE Cavitation Erosion Tester Description 본 System 은 용액 내에서 고속으로 진동하는 재질의 표면에서 발생하는 Cavitation erosion 이 재료에 손상을 주는 현상을 측정하는데 사용한다. 고속 진동은 용액 내에서 Cavity 를 발생시키고 이의 충돌로 인하여 시편의 표면에 손상을 일으키게 된다.본 System 은 고속 진동을 발생하는 초음파 Head, Controller, Timer, Horn 및 냉각 Bath 로 구성된다. 초음파 발생장치에 사용하는 출력은 대략 250 ~ 1000W 가 적당하다. Test Method • ASTM G32 Specification • Specimen position control • Timer: Max. 2 hr (sec, min, hr) • High frequency vibrator: 20 kHz • Horn (Titanium) • Sample holder • Cooling bath: 1 liter ( -20 ~ +50°C±1°C) • Amplitude displacement: 50 micron±5%

Standard Test Terms • ASTM D 1193 의 규격에 명시된 Type III reagent water 로서 증류수 또는 deionized water 를 사용

• 용액의 깊이는 최소 100mm 이상, cooling coil 이 내장

• 시편의 표면은 용액 내 12± 4mm 에 위치하게 설치

• 시편의 중심은 축 중심으로부터 ±5mm 이내에 설치

• 온도는 25±2˚ C 유지한다. • 용액 위의 증기압은 대기압 보다 6%이내. 만일 압력이 다르다면 그 값을 기술

• 진폭은 50μ m ± 5%이내. • 특별한 경우 25 μ m 의 진폭을 사용 • 표준 조건을 사용하지 않는 경우에는 변화된 모든 조건을 기술

Introduction This cavitation erosion test system is designed and developed to measure the cavitation damage on the face of a specimen vibrated at high frequency while immersed a liquid. The vibration induces the formation and collapse of cavities in the liquid, and the collapsing cavities produce the damage to and erosion (material loss) of the specimen. This system is consisted of high frequency generator, timer, horn, cooling bath and transducer controller. The vibratory apparatus used for this system produces axial oscillations of a test specimen inserted to specified depth in the test liquid. An acoustic power output of 250 to 1000W has been found suitable.

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Model No. RB112 SE Slurry Erosion Tester Description 본 시험기는 Model No. RB105 AW Abrasive Wear Tester 와 유사한 기기로서 다만 용액 내에 연마재를 넣어 회전 시키면서 재료의 액체 내에서의 Erosion 특성을 평가하는 장치이다. Characteristics • Easy operating • High frame stiffness • Multi safety device • Control of motor rpm. • Easy to use for simple operation. • Control revolution for counter meter • Quick response on dangerous situation Controller Controller 는 시험의 Setting 조건을 설정하고 실제 실험을 수행하도록 제작되었다. Rotating RPM 은 AC servo inverter 에 의해 Control 되며, RPM 및 시험 Cycle 을 결정하여 입력할 수 있으며 Digital display 된다. Specifications •Max. RPM: 500 •Drive motor capacity(kW): 3~4 •Driving spindle size (mm): 170 Ø x 326L •Mill pot size(mm): 219.1 Ø x 8.18t x 229L •Close side setting (mm): 7 X 40 •Quadrant arm size(mm):190. 2 Ø x 48L •Blade specimen size(mm):38 x 38 x 11t •Environment <50°C, <80% RH

Test Method • ASTM G73 • ASTM G75 • ASTM D3451 • JIS H8503 • ISO 7784

Introduction Slurry erosion tester is a simple and inexpensive test rig which can provide a rapid ranking of the erosion resistance for different materials This system has an arrangement to enable users to test material samples for their resistance to slurry erosion. This is done by immersing the samples in slurry of the desired composition and concentration and rotating the samples about their axis. The much needed uniform distribution of solid particles along the vertical section of the slurry is controlled by the speed of the stirrer. This leads to erosion of the samples and in turn loss of weight. The weight loss of sample is evaluated and resistance to slurry erosion of the samples is determined.

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Model No. RB113 CT 캠 타펫 마모시험기 Cam & Tappet Wear Tester 자동차 엔진내의 Cam 과 Tappet 의 마모현상을 구현할 수 있는 기기로서 실제 자동차의 Cam 과 Tappet 을 Sample 로 사용하여 구동 시 Tappet 의 회전 및 마모현상을 구현하여 실제 엔진 내에서 구동형태와 동일하게 Simulation 할 수 있다. 본 System 은 기존의 Rolling contact wear tester 에 추가로 Cam & Tappet 마모시험을 수행 할 수 있도록 하여 작은 공간에 다양한 시험을 수행 할 수 있다. Rolling contact 에 의한 Fatigue wear test, 회전 비의 조절에 의한 Sliding wear 현상과 Jig 의 교체에 의한 Block on Ring test (ASTM G77, ASTM D 3704)까지 수행 할 수 있어 다양한 형태의 마모시험이 가능하다. 또, 자동 하중 부가장치를 사용하여 고 하중을 Weight 나 Lever 사용에 의한 불편한 하중가압 방식을 배제하고 AC motor 에 의한 Feed back 방식을 사용하여 마모시험 시 발생하는 마모면의 형상에 따라 자동으로 일정한 하중을 제어할 수 있도록 하였다. 윤활은 침적식 형태와 마찰면에 강제 주입이 가능하도록 구성되었고, 엔진내의 윤활유 온도와 동일한 형태를 Simulation 할 수 있다. 시험 중 변화하는 마찰력, 마찰계수, 진동, 온도변화 등을 Monitoring 할 수 있으며, 이 값들의 Limit 를 설정하여 마모시험을 종료할 수도 있다. Cam & Tappet 시험의 경우 Cam 과 Tappet 의 접촉면에서 Tappet 의 회전현상을 Monitoring 할 수 있으며, Cam 과 Tappet 의 크기에 따라 접촉중심을 이동 할 수 있도록 고안되었다. Cam 과 Tappet 을 설치 시 접촉각의 수평을 맞출 수 있도록 수준계를 설치하여 항상 일정한 수평을 유지 할 수 있어 시험의 정확성을 기하였다.

Introduction This system is designed for wear aspect between the cam and tappet in vehicles. Generally the sample is actual cam and tappet of interested engine. So, It is possible to simulate the actual condition of engine behavior. Also this system can be used as rolling contact wear tester including slip stick motion. Specification •Rotational speed: 1 to 3,000 rpm •Load control: Constant/Continuous control •Cam & Tappet load capacity: Max. 1,000 kgf •Spring force manual control type •Friction transducer: 9.8 N.m ~ 196 N.m (changeable) •Vibration sensor: Frequency response: 3 ~ 7,000 Hz •Acceleration range: ±100g •Heating range: ambient to 150°C •Lubricant method: Jet or Deposition Test Method • ASTM G77 • ASTM D3704 • ASTM D2782

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Model No. RB115 FT Friction Tester Description 본 마찰 시험기는 판재와 블록 사이의 평면 마찰 특성을 평가하기 위해 제작된 장비이다. 깨끗한 표면을 가지는 일정한 크기의 판재 시편 위를 일정한 면적을 가지는 블록이 면 접촉한 상태로 일정한 속도로 미끄럼 운동에 의하여 블록과 판재 표면 사이의 마찰 계수를 측정하기 위한 장치이다. 구동은 서보 모터와 드라이버를 이용하여 일정한 속도를 유지하게 되고, 최고 속도는 2m/min 까지 구동이 가능하며, 서보 모터에 의해서 가해지는 일정한 하중은 최대 1500kg 까지 가할 수 있다. 본 시스템은 전체 컴퓨터 구동에 의해서 이루어 지며, 데이터는 엑셀, 오리진, 노트 패드 등 여러 프로그램과 호환이 가능한 형식으로 저장된다 Characteristics • Easy operating • High frame stiffness • Multi safety device • Control of motor rpm. • Easy to use for simple operation. • Control revolution for counter meter • Quick response on dangerous situation Specifications •Load capacity: 100 kg to 1000 kg(Selectable) •Loading Mechanism: Servo motor •Speed: Max. 2000mm/min •Stroke: 300mm •Friction force: Maximum 2,000kg •Data acquisition rate: Max. 1 kHz

Test Method • ASTM D5707 • ISO 8925

Introduction

This friction and wear system is designed for evaluation the tribological properties between the plate and block. Single and cyclic tests are also possible with user’s abject, and all data is saved automatically including vertical load, tangential load and friction coefficient. System construction •Stand alone type frame •Hydraulic servo system •Loading actuator & horizontal moving system •Load & friction force measuring system •Environmental chamber •Induction heating system (sample plate) •Cartridge heating system (counter sample) •Lower/ Upper jig plate •System controller •Data acquisition and analysis software

•Fully computer control

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Wear and Erosion

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R&B Inc. Head Office: 65–1, Techno 8–ro, Yuseong–gu, Daejeon Korea 305–509 Tel: 82–42–935–0490 Fax: 82–42–935–0496 E–mail: [email protected]

Home page: www.randb.co.kr Shopping mall: shop.randb.co.kr

Design and specification can be changed for quality improvement RB058-revised 3 PRINTED 8/2013 COPY RIGHT, R&B Inc.