eap library session - nust...• the conclusion to an essay is a summary or review of the main...

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EAP Library session Presented by Ms Tertu Shiweda Head: Faculty & Research Support

Date

Department: Library and Information Services

Contents • Describing the contents of the Library’s collections • Locating books on Library shelves using the DDC system • Divisions • Using the DDC to find books in the Library: • Searching the OPAC for a Call Number • An example of a call number for an item with 3 authors • Using information legally/acknowledging sources and Avoid plagiarising • Plagiarism

• Paraphrasing

• Quoting

• In-Text Citations

• Reference List

Welcome to NUST Library

• The Open Shelf (OS) collection • The Multimedia • The Short Loan (SL) or Study collection. • The Reference collection • The Periodicals collection • The Namibiana collection • The UNESCO

Describing the contents of the Library’s collections


000-900: MAIN CLASSES 000 Computer science; Information; General works 100 Philosophy and Psychology 200 Religion 300 Social sciences 400 Language 500 Science 600 Technology 700 Arts and Recreation 800 Literature 900 History and Geography

Locating books on Library shelves using the DDC system


400 Language 410 Linguistics 420 English languages (and old English languages) 430 German and related languages 440 French and related languages 450 Italian, Romanian and related languages 460 Spanish, Portuguese and Galician 470 Latin and Italic languages 480 Greek languages (classical and modern) 490 Other languages (including African languages

Divisions: Example


• The first time you visit the Library, simply browse, so as to familiarise yourself with the DDC arrangement.

• The shelves are clearly numbered, but if you cannot find the items you want, the Library staff will be pleased to assist you.

Using the DDC to find books in the Library:


• If you want to find a specific book in the Library, search the OPAC

• Then write down the call number which consists of the DDC number plus the first 3 letters of the first-named author’s surname

• (or the first 3 letters of the title – excluding articles i.e. a, an, the).

Searching the OPAC (ENCORE) for a Call Number:


The book called: “Marketing for hospitality and tourism” by Philip Kotler, John Bowen and James Makens has the DDC number 647.940688 and the first 3 letters of the first named author’s surname are KOT. Therefore the call number for the book is 647.940688 KOT

An example of a call number for an item with 3 authors:


• When you write your assignment, you MUST acknowledge where you got your information.

• When you use someone else’s words, and you do not acknowledge

them as your source, you are “plagiarising”; when you acknowledge them as a source, you are “citing”.

Using information legally/acknowledging sources and Avoid plagiarising


When you cite, you need to do so according to a specific style. There are many different styles of referencing/citing, with three of the most widely known being: • The American Psychological Association style (APA) • The Modern Languages Association (MLA) and • The Harvard style. The NUST uses the APA style

Citation styles


plagiarising


1. Paraphrase 2. Quote 3. Cite in-text: Paraphrases; Quotations 4. Reference

How to Avoid Plagiarism


use your own words to express someone else's message or ideas. In a paraphrase, the ideas and meaning of the original source must be maintained; the main ideas need to come through, but the wording has to be your own (Bhagat, 2013).

How to paraphrase

Example of how to paraphrase

1. Original sentence Her life spanned years of incredible change for women

Paraphrased version: She lived through an era of liberating reform for women (Smith, 2015).

2. Original sentence Giraffes like Acacia leaves and hay, and they can consume 65 pounds of food a day

Paraphrased version: A giraffe can eat up to 65 pounds of Acacia leaves and hay every day (National Geographic, 2013).

In-Text Citations

• When you write your assignment, always briefly acknowledge your source “in-text”, i.e. if you are quoting, cite the Author Surname, year of publication and page numbers.

• If you are interpreting information, then you need only cite the Author surname and year (but it doesn’t hurt to add the page number).

• In-text citations contain abbreviated information about a source, i.e. • Quotations: Surname, Year, Page no. • Paraphrases: Surname, Year

• NB: APA style uses name date method for in-text citing

In-text citations examples One (1) Author According to Lubans (2010, p.29) “when you move toward self-management, towards empowerment, some staff members will want to know who is in charge”.

NOTE: There is a rule for 1) The 1st time you cite 3-5 authors 2) The second and subsequent times you cite 3-5 authors

• First in-text citation: If the names are outside the brackets, use “and” between the last 2 names, but if they

are inside the brackets, use the ampersand “&”. List all of the Author surnames.

• e.g. • Johnson, Taylor and Moore (2010) • Johnson, Taylor and Moore (2010, p. 5) • (Johnson, Taylor & Moore, 2010, p. 5)

• Second and subsequent in-text citations: Write the first named Author surname followed by the term “et al.”

• e.g. • Johnson et al. (2010) • Johnson et al. (2010, pp. 60-67) • (Johnson et al., 2010, p. 900) • • References: List all the 3-5 Author names in the citation and separate the names with a comma,

and the last 2 with a comma and an“&”.

• e.g. • Surname, A. A., Surname, B. B., Surname, C. C., & Surname, D. D. (Year). Title of book in • italics and in sentence case: Subtitle if there is one in italics and in sentence case (xx ed.). City of

publication, Country if not published in the USA: Publisher.

Two to five Authors

• Oshima and Hogue (2007) explain that the conclusion to an essay is a summary.

Or

• The conclusion to an essay is a summary or review of the main points discussed in the body (Oshima & Hogue, 2007).

Direct quote • Löfström, Trotman, Furnari, and Shephard (2015, p. 436) noted that “the current proactive ethos towards academic

integrity places great expectations on academic staff and raises questions about how academics themselves view their roles and responsibilities”.

Or

• “the current proactive ethos towards academic integrity places great expectations on academic staff and raises questions about how academics themselves view their roles and responsibilities” (Löfström, Trotman, Furnari, & Shephard, 2015, p.436).

Six or More (6+) Authors

Remember: Enter the surname of the 1st named author followed by the term “et al.” Example: The study recognised five main elements of an academic integrity policy, and grouped them under the headings, access, approach, responsibility, detail and support, with no element given priority over another (Bretag et al., 2011).

WEB ITEMS without authors name

NUST Library Catalogue is the Online Public Access Catalogue (OPAC) that enables you to do searches and see what resources are available in the Namibia University of Science and Technology Library. Searches can be done from any workstation or PC where you have Internet (http://www.nust.na/?q=library). NB. Do not enter this in reference list

http://www.nust.na/?q=library

Indirect Citations/Secondary Sources Name the original work in-text and the secondary source in the Reference List Example • Pieter and Campbell (as cited in McMillan & Schumacher, 2001)

Reference list

Reference List Citations

Note: For every source cited “in-text”, the Reference List must contain full bibliographic details which will assist readers to identify, find and access the item you have cited.

Books

Each entry for a book in the list of works cited should contain all the following elements in the order given below:

surname(s) and initial(s) of the author(s) year of publication title: followed by any additional title information (italic) edition (if other than the first edition) place of publication name of the publisher URL for a book consulted online

This information should be taken from the title page and the back of the title page of a book and should be punctuated as follows: Surname(s), Initial(s). (Year of publication). Title: additional title information. Edition (if other than the first). Place of publication: Publisher.

Books cont..

Author(s) • one author A comma and a space follow the surname and precede the initial(s). A full stop follows each initial:

Smith, A. R. (Remember to put spaces after punctuation)

• two to five authors The names of the two authors are connected by the symbol “&”. The surname and initial(s) of the second and subsequent authors are not inverted:

Smith, A. R., & Nsibande, E. K.

• three or more authors The names of the authors are separated by a comma and those of the penultimate and last authors by the symbol “&”: Smith, A. R., Pillay, E. K & Nsibande, E. K.

Example of reference list (You need to indent ) One (1) Author or Editor

Maudlin, T. (2011). Quantum non-locality and relativity: Metaphysical intimations of modern physics (3rd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell.

Pietschmann, P. (Ed.). (2011). Principles of osteoimmunology: Molecular mechanisms and clinical applications. Berlin, Germany: Springer.

Two (2-7) Authors or Editors

Surname, Initials., Surname, Initials., & Surname, Initials. (Eds.). (Year). Title in italics and in sentence case: Subtitle in italics and in sentence case (-- ed.). City, 2 letter postal code for US State: Publisher. Or City, State: Publisher.

Suzuki, H., Dastur, A., Moffatt, S., Yabuki, N., & Maruyama, H. (2010). Eco2 cities: Ecological cities as economic cities. Washington, DC: World Bank.

Eight or More (8+) Authors

Kreimer, A., Arnold, M., Barham, C., Freeman, P., Gilbert, R., Krimgold, F., . . . Vogt , T. (1999). Market incentives for mitigation investment. Washington, DC: World Bank.

Start the citation with the Title of the item, followed by the Edition and Year of publication Method: • Title in italics and sentence case: Subtitle in italics and

sentence case (-- ed.). (Year). City: Publisher Example Merriam-Webster’s collegiate dictionary (11th ed.). (2005). Springfield, MA: Merriam- Webster.

Items without Authors

Method: Surname, Initials. (Year). Title of article in sentence case: Subtitle in sentence case. Title of Journal in Italics and in Title Case, Vol. number in italics(issue no), pages. Example Comfort, S. (2008). The hidden life of things: Commodification, imperialism and environmental feminism in Arundhati Roy’s: The God of small things. Postcolonial Text, 4(4), 1-27.

JOURNAL ARTICLES : Printed Journal Articles

Use the Digital Object Identifier (DOI), which is a permanent link. Example Daly, F., Teague, P., & Kitchen, P. (2003). Exploring the role of internal communication during organizational change. Corporate Communication: An International Journal, 8(3), 153-162. doi:10.1108/13536280310487612

Electronic Journal Articles with DOI

Use the URL instead of the DOI Example Muirhead, B. (2002). Integrating critical thinking into online classes. USDLA Journal, 16(11). Retrieved from http://www.usdla.org

Electronic Journal Articles without DOI

Example Muirhead, B. (2002). Integrating critical thinking into online classes. USDLA Journal, 16(11). Retrieved from http://www.usdla.org

Electronic Journal Articles without DOI


Example Chauke, P. (2016, August 7). Rio Olympics games. The Sunday Sun, pp. 1-5.

NEWSPAPER ARTICLES: REFERENCE LIST


Example Wright, S. (2001, January 25). Curriculum 2000 draws criticism. The Chronicle. Retrieved from http://www.chronicle.duke.edu/

Electronic Newspaper Articles


Example Scott, E. (2009). Stress in college: Common causes of stress in college. Retrieved from http://stress.about.com/od/studentstress/a/stress_college.htm Please note: Is not necessary for you to enter the date retrieved

WEB ITEMS


Method Surname, Initials. (Contribution), & Surname, Initials. (Contribution). (Year). Title of item in sentence case and italics: Subtitle of item in sentence case and italics [Medium]. Place: Publisher etc. OR Retrieved from URL Example Maynard, L. I. (Producer). (2000). How to avoid plagiarism and copyright infringement [Audio podcast or video]. Retrieved from http://www.xxx.xxx

AUDIOVISUAL ITEMS

Soyizwapi, L. (2005). Use of electronic databases by postgraduate students in the Faculty of Science and Agriculture at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg. MIS thesis. Pietermaritzburg, South Africa: University of KwaZulu-Natal.

Unpublished work e.g Thesis

Crystal, L. (Executive Producer). (1993, October 11). Namibia broadcasting news [Television broadcast]. Windhoek, Namibia: Public Broadcasting Service.

Television broadcast

Because personal e-mail do not provide recoverable data, they (like other personal communications) are not included in the reference list. Cite personal communications in text only. Give the initials as well as the surname of the communicator, and provide as exact date as possible: According to T. K. Lutes (personal communication, April 18, 2001)…

Personal communication (e-mail) etc

Please take note of reference list rules that are found from page 12 to 14 in the APA guide, Which Includes: 1. Alphabetical arrangement The reference list is arranged alphabeticaly (letter by letter) starting with the surname or the first word of the title that is not an article (i.e a, an, the). 2. One author different years The first year listed first 3. Italic Books titles are written in atalic

Reference List rules

4.Indentation In the Reference list use a hanging indentation, for example the second line of each reference is indented by plus minus 12mm from left marging. This help to show clearly where each new citation bigins. E.g Jones, M., & Garfield, T., (2012). Sweet reason: A field guide to modern logic (2nd ed.) Windhoek: Mchmillan

Reference List rules

Thank You.

13 Storch Street Private Bag 13388 Windhoek NAMIBIA

T: +264 61 207 2326 F: +264 61 207 2326 E: [email protected] W: www.nust.na

Department: Library and Information Services

Slide Number 1Slide Number 2Slide Number 3Slide Number 4Slide Number 5Slide Number 6Slide Number 7Slide Number 8Slide Number 9Slide Number 10Slide Number 11Slide Number 12Slide Number 13Example of how to paraphrase�In-Text Citations �In-text citations examplesNOTE: There is a rule for 1) The 1st time you cite 3-5 authors�2) The second and subsequent times you cite 3-5 authorsSlide Number 18Slide Number 19Six or More (6+) Authors WEB ITEMS without authors name Indirect Citations/Secondary Sources �Slide Number 23Reference List Citations��Books��Books cont..Example of reference list �(You need to indent )Slide Number 28Slide Number 29Slide Number 30Slide Number 31Slide Number 32Slide Number 33Slide Number 34Slide Number 35Slide Number 36Slide Number 37Slide Number 38Slide Number 39Slide Number 40Slide Number 41Slide Number 42

eap library session - nust...• the conclusion to an essay is a summary or review of the main...

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