Early Civilizations – Phoenicians, Hittites, and Hebrews day 1I. Warm-up QuestionsII. Notes Phoenicians and HittitesIII. Chart/ Map/Vocabulary through

chariotsIV. Reading/ QuestionsV. Hebrew notesVI. Vocab through DiasporaVII. Differentiation: Choose between

reading worksheets or foldable (today Hebrews)

Objective: SWBAT describe characteristics of the Phoenicians, Hittites, and Hebrews on a reading worksheet or foldable.

What could happen if you leave alphabet soup on the stove and go out?Question

Warmup Questions, Day 1 • 1. Indus Valley or Fertile Crescent ?

• The area shaded in red on the map was known as the ______________.

• 2. Jericho or Stonehenge? was a Neolithic settlement located in the area depicted on the map.

• 3. Anatolia or Media? Catal Hoyuk was a Neolithic settlement located in

• 4. Iraq or Pakistan: The modern-day country located between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers is _____________?

• 5. monotheistic or polytheistic? Most early civilizations practiced this type of religion _________________.

Fertile Crescent

Jericho

Anatolia

Iraq

polytheistic

Early Civilizations – Persian Empire and Nubia day 2

I. Warm-up QuestionsII. Hebrews quizIII. Notes on Persian EmpireIV. Persia paragraphV. Nubia notesVI. Finish VocabVII.Persian Empire and Nubia

reading worksheets or foldableObjective: SWBAT describe

characteristics of the Persian Empire and Nubia on a reading worksheet or foldable.

Question:

Warm-up Questions, Day 2

1. Which civilization were sea traders who set up colonies and invented the alphabet?

2. The Hittites had superior tools and weapons because they were made of ___

3. Abraham or Jesus The monotheism of this prophet became the basis for not only Judaism, but also Christianity and Islam.

4. Hittites or Hebrews The descendants of Abraham became known as the

5. What set of laws did Moses deliver after he led the Hebrews out of Egypt?

6. Torah or Quran Which is the holy book or sacred writings of Judaism

7. Jericho or Jerusalem King David established this city as capital of Israel. It has religious significance for Judaism, Christianity and Islam.

Phoenicians

Iron

Abraham

Hebrews

Ten Commandments

Torah

Jerusalem

Prehistory to First Civilizations– Unit Review day 3

I. Warm-up QuestionsII. Timeline NotesIII.Unit ReviewIV.Finish packetObjective: SWBAT describe

characteristics of the Paleolithic Era, the Neolithic Era and Early Civilizations on a Test Review

Question:

Warm-up Questions, Day 31. Judaism or Zoroastrianism What was the religion of

the Persian empire?

2. tolerance or cruelty The Persian treated those they conquered with___

3. Royal Road or Silk Roads What did the Persians build to improve communication across the empire.

4. Imperial bureaucracy or city-states What type of government did the Persians have?

5. Israel or Egypt Which civilization had the greatest influence on Nubia?

6. Upper Nile or Lower Nile Where was Nubia located?

7. Sudan or Iran Persia is located in present-day _____.

Zoroastrianism

tolerance

Royal Road

Imperial bureaucracy

Egypt

Upper Nile

Iran

Prehistory to First Civilizations– TEST/Intro India Day 4

I. Warm-up QuestionsII. TestIII.India Reading WksheetIV.Begin NotesObjective: SWBAT describe

characteristics of the Paleolithic Era, the Neolithic Era, and Early Civilizations on a Test

Question:How did the students react when the electricity went out during a test?

Warm-up Questions (8 questions), Day 4Mesopotamia (Sumer)

Egypt

Aleppo

Jericho

Tigris R

Euphrates RUr

3

2 4Neolithic settlements in the Fertile Crescent

Anatolia1

Label the mapsWord bank

Egypt MesopotamiaAnatoliaNeolithic Settlements in the Fertile Crescent

Warm-up Questions, Day 4

India: Indus Valley

Jerusalem

75 6

8

Hebrews (Israel)China

Persian Empire

India: Indus ValleyPersian EmpireHebrews (Israel)China

Early Civilizations (2000 BCE – 500 BCE)

Phoenicians, Hebrews, Persian Empire, and Kush

PHOENICIANS• Great seafaring traders who founded wealthy

city-states in the Fertile Crescent along the Mediterranean coast (present-day Lebanon).

Phoenicia

• set up colonies (lands controlled by a distant nation)

• Carthage became the most powerful colony

                                                                                                                                                         

                                                                                  

Phoenician Accomplishments

• First Alphabet (phonetic symbols stand for sounds)

– 22 letter alphabet (vs. 550 cuneiform characters)

– Basis of modern alphabets

• Great shipbuilders and seafarers

• Spread civilization and the alphabet through trade.

• Use of coins as well as the alphabet made trade much easier.

The Phoenecians

HITTITES• Settled in Asia

Minor (present-day Turkey)

• Learned how to smelt iron from ore.

• Iron was stronger, sharper, and less expensive than other metals.

• Iron weapons and chariots helped forge the Hittite Empire.

HEBREWS• Abraham settled in

the Fertile Crescent between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordon River (present-day Israel)

• His descendents became known as Hebrews.

• Abraham and the Hebrews were the first monotheists

• Monotheism : belief in one god

• Abraham’s monotheism became the foundation of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

Moses• Led the Hebrews out of slavery in Egypt to the

“promised land”(Israel)

• Delivered the Ten Commandments

Beliefs of Judaism

• One God

• Torah

• Ten Commandments

The Religion of the Hebrews (Jews)

The Ten Commandments• State both religious

and moral conduct in that they require that believers both worship God and live justly with one another

The Torah• Holy book of Judaism: contains the records

and beliefs of the Jews

• The first five books of the Old Testament of the Bible

The Torah

David and Goliath (or how David became king of the Hebrews)

Jerusalem

• King David united the tribes of Israel and established Jerusalem as the capital of Israel.

• Today Jerusalem is a holy city to Muslims and Christians as well as Jews.

Holy City of the Jews

Western Wall• In 70 AD the Romans

destroyed the ancient Temple of Jerusalem.

• The West Wall of the Temple Mount is all that remains today.

• Jews consider this wall their most sacred shrine (holy site).

• They come from all over the world to pray at this shrine.

• The site of the original temple is now occupied by a Muslim Mosque (Dome of the Rock).

• Ownership of these and other holy sites has been a source of bickering between Muslims and Jews for

centuries.

Jerusalem and the Wailing Wall

Exile• Jews were driven from their homeland by the

Romans in AD 132. The state of Israel ceased to exist for 1800 years.

Diaspora• Scattering of the Jews

•Jews migrated all around the Mediterranean Sea

PERSIAN EMPIRE• The largest empire in the world

• It stretched from The Nile to the Indus River• Persia: Present-day Iran

How did Persia govern its Empire?

Persian Rulers• Treated conquered

people with tolerance

• Developed an imperial bureaucracy

• Built an extensive road system

• Zoroastrianism (religion)

Tolerance• Persian rulers allowed the people they

conquered to practice their own religions and follow their own customs.

Bureaucracy• A system of managing government through

departments run by appointed officials• Darius divided his empire into provinces each run

by a governor (satrap)

Persian Road System• Great Royal Road

• United the empire (provided a means of communication, trade, and governmental control).

Zoroastrianism

• Early monotheistic religion founded by Zoroaster

• Belief in two opposing forces: good and evil, light and darkness, heaven and hell.

Ahura Mazda: God of truth and light

KUSH

• Located on the upper (southern) Nile

• Present-day Sudan

•Also called Nubia

Kush and Egypt• Ideas and goods

flowed along the Nile between Kush and Egypt

(Lower Nile)

(Upper Nile)

Kush

• Egypt dominated Kush

for 1000 years

Gifts for the King from a country called Nubia

• Kush conquered Egypt and established its own dynasty on

the Egyptian throne

• Kush was eventually conquered by the East African Kingdom of Axum

Contributions of Kush• Meroitic script (writing)

• Steep sided pyramids and palaces

                     

• Gold, copper, and iron working.

Kush

Golden Age of Meroe• After the Assyrians conquered Egypt, Kush

continued to prosper in the booming trade between Africa, Arabia and India

Ahmes Nefertari

Nubian Queen

of Egypt around 1550 B.C

Ahmes Nefertari

of Egypt around 1550 B.C

Nubian Queen