Journal of Geosciences， Osaka elty University Vol. 12， Art. 2 March， 1969

Early PI'eistocene， FI.orae of Kanazawa Reg，ion， Ishikawa Prefecture， Central Japan， with Special Reference

to the Evol，ution of }uglans*

Hisashi N IREI

(With 1 Table， 10 Figures and 3 Plates)

IlitJ70duction

A variety of plant remains occurred in the early Pleistocene Utatsuyama formation

developing around Kanazawa city facing the Japan Sea， central Japan. It is hence

very important to study the Utatsuyama fiorae to analyze the fioral change from Pliocene

to early Pleistocene in J apan. However， there are few rcports describing the Plio・

Pleistocene florae of districts along the J apan Sea. The present study ¥vas designed to

analyse the characters of the early Pleistocene Utatsuyama sorae and further to investi-

gate the evolution of the Genus Juglans supplementing the previous report (NIREI，

1968).

The present study is based on the assumption that the evolutionary position of

species of the Genus Juglans occurred concomitantly in each district， referring “fossil

walnut" to as the “index fossil". By this assumption， the author wiU try to correlate

the Utatsuyama formation to the Osaka group hy the index fossil “fossil walnut" and

discuss the age of the Utatsuyama formation and the position of the Plio-Pleistocene

boundary in Kanazawa district.

Geological setting

The geology around Kanazawa city is composed of the Hokuriku group， whose geological age has ever considered to be the one roughly from Miocene to Pliocene， and

of the Pleistocene deposits of terrace. Those terraces are divided roughly into three

terrace deposits as mentioned below (Fig. 1).

High terrace deposits (Nodayama terrace)

Middle terrace deposits (Kodatsuno terrace)

Lo¥v terrace deposits (Kasamai terrace)

1. . . . . . 160-175 m above s.1.

11. . . . . .120-140 m above s.1.

70-80 m above s.1.

1 . . . . .. 50-70 m above sJ.

11. . . . .. 30-SO m above s.1.

• Contribution from the Department of Geosciences， No. 205.

7

Hisashi N IREt

The facies of each terrace deposit are

8

mainly the alluvial gravels.

The formations studied mainly by the

UMa7

UUG

可FF

M o

'L

・1εuqL

吋

fccc

卸」

Hooo

shLLL

ot

州

川ap

m

d

on

G

a

Loc.3

UMa6

UMG

UMa5

Loc 8 UMaゐ

Loc.5 UMa3

present a，t[thor in the Hokuriku group are

the Omma formation and the Utatsuyama

formation， the latter overlying on the

former. These two formations， as well as

』

ωaaコdetail from ln formations

mue

q

u

Q

u

e

e

y

h

+t

vd mJ川

mv似

r

u

お

は

u.. tephrochronological point of view and the

results will be

The two

sand bed"

present

"Scoria-

the 1n

paper.

the lower ceous

and Ornma the of part 百lOSt

s1tuat-“Gomashio sand and Pink tuff"

UMa2

. . .' .・・・. . . ・..

」島0 ・00。• .・.

. ・

SOM

ザ

』

FL

』

ω〉〉

O

J

1n

strat1-

Loc.4 UMal

ULG

Sconaceous Sand Bed

. . . • .・.

・・ .. ・ ・.・. . . .. . . ・・.・.

By the above study it became

the stratigraphical

format~on

relation 、

po

n-

--ZA n

---A a

+t n

o

c water cold by characterized fauna

。1S 1n 1S

the of facies the that out pointed also

u.:

《芝芝O

Ommil mollUSCiln 'ilunil

ロlost

the

facies

Columnar section of the typical facies (the Utatsuyama facies) of the Utatsuyama forma-tion and the stratigraphical horizons of each locality of plant remalns

Fig.2

Utatsuyama formation is very variable.

Jfhe author has established three types of

facies (the Utatsuyama facies) the Takao

and the Morimoto facies) at three

districts where the Utatsuyama formation

facies

is developing.

the

will

clay beds

other formations in the Hokuriku group，

have been studied by a number of workers

The author has recently

reported

tephras， i.e.

s1tuat1ng 1n

formation

ing in the midd1e part of the Utatsuyarna

formation， are very useful key beds

studying these two formations

，graphical1y.

clear that

between the Omma

the

assemblage and the Utatsuyama formation

conformity with each other.

Utatsuyama

most typical of the Utatsuyama formation

among the three facies， the

briefly describe the Utatsuyama

characterized by gravel beds，

and sand beds (Fig. 2).

1S

author

facies Since

EarlかPletstoeerteFZorae of Kanazawa 9

Ther1e are main行 th~ee gravel beds in the Utats，uyama formation. The first is the

】owestgravel bed (ULG) situating aJt th:e ~owermost part of the formation. The second

is the midd1e graved bed (UMG) situating at the middle part of the formation. The

Utats，uyama forrnation is divided ~nto the lower and upper parts by UMG. The third is

the upper gravel bed (UUG) sぬlatingat the uppermost part of the formation. The

thickl1'ess of each is， shown in Figure 2. 1n the formatIon there are nonmarine clay beds

and seven marine clay beds， the latter of "vhich are named UMal， UMa2，..... .UMa6 and UMa7 in ascendi.ng order. The stratigraphical horizons and the continuity of

each marine clay bed are as the foUowing: The UMal overlies on the ULG and the

UMa6 on the UMG. These tw'o beds (UMal and UMa6) can be traced through the

area where the formation is developin，g，. Such marine clay beds as UMa2， UMa3 and

UMa4 are alternated with sand bed just like sandwich between the UMal and the UMG.

These beds are， contrary to UMal or UMa:仇 onlypooriy traoed， because they are

usuaUy not continuously connected horI!zontaUy. Thle UMa7 may overlie th.e UUG in

the formatiofi.

Tbe sand beds alternated with. marine clay beds are developing dominantly in the

low創.part of tbe formatぬ11，whefeas iB upper parts the sand beds are observed only poorly; for instaliloe， such t仏hi加nbeds a、sthe Goma総shiosand which bears the Pi位inktωuf鉦fand

ove白ぽぽ宣rlieωslonl砂yon th.e UMaめ6.タ*

Distributi.os' O{. loeali1ty (:)f' plant remains

AU th.IC localities， are illustraωd in the geological map (Fig，. 1). 'The detail of each

location is shown in Figures 3-8.

The Hthofacies and mode of OCC"MrfenCe of plant remains at each locaHty are shown

as fol1ows.

Locality 1

A large cutting found by the roadside (NationaI Route 8) through Momosaka， Morimoto-chu in Kanazawa city (Fiι3).

100M

t

I 50 〆¥、

Fig， 3 More exact situation of locality 1.

* This facies is summarized in the columar section of Figure 2. The detail is shown in the map

of Figure 6.

t

10 日isashiNIREt

The Marine clay bed (UMa 6) that underlies on the gravel bed is found at this

cutting. The plant remains are collected abundantly from the upper part of the marine

clay. The remains are composed of such plants as Juglans Sieboldiana* (P1. 1. 11) Acer

sp. (P1. 11. 22)， Menyanthes trグ'oliata，Styrax japonica (P1. 11. 6)， F~勾'guωsmたUr仰ocωarφpa(Pl.

1. 14伶)， Al仇nuω4uSjαrponi，たca(P到1.11. 11り)， St砂yphyたabum

(P1. 11. 18)， Paliurus sp. (Pl. 11. 16)， Scirpus triangulatus (P1. 111. 18)， and Aesculus trubinata (P1.， 1]]. 1， 2).

Locality 2

About 250 m east of Yanagihashi， North-East region of Kanazawa city (Fig. 4).

o 100M

Fig， 4 More exact situation of locality 2.

At this outcrop， the gravel bed (UMG)， the clay bed， and also the volcanic material-bearing sandy clay bed are observed in an ascending order. The plant remains were

found in. the peaty part at the base of the clay bed. The fol1owing plant remains were

col1ected from this peaty part: Menyanthes trifoliata (P1. ]11. 13)， Alnus japonica， Sctrpus fluviatilis (Pl. 111. 19)， Tsuga oblonga (P1. l. 12) (8. MIKI， 1957)， Tsuga rotundata (Pl. l. 13) (8. MIKI， 1957).

Locality 3

About 300 m east of the National Route 8， Kosaka-machi， eastern part of Kanazawa city (Fig. 5).

F'ig. 5 M<>re exact situation of loeality 3

券 J'uglansmandshurica var. Sieboldiana and Juglans mandshurica var. sachalinensis in the previous

paper (N. NlREI， 1968) are better considered as a synonym of Juglans Sieboldiana MAX..

Ea1かPleistoceneFlorae of Kanazawa 11

The strata around this locality show generally the deep dip to the west and consist

of man.y alternations of the sand beds and tuffacious clay beds.

The fossil plants occurring in the peaty veneer in the tuffaceous clay bed are well

preserved. The following fossil plants could be enumerated. Buxωsp. (P1. 111. 14)，

Fagus crenata (Pl. 1. 18， 19)， Alnus japonica (Pl. 11. 9)， Sapium sebifurum (P1. 11. 15) and

Quercus sp. (Pl. 11. 3).

Locality 4

A large outcrop at ahout 250 m west of Gosho in Kanazawa city (Fig. 6).

The strata ranging from the upper part of tJae Omma forrnation to the Utatsuyama

formation are observed well in detail.

The material of the plant fossil occurred in the sandy part of UMal. The fossil

plant collected from the locality were identified as Juglans mandshurica (P1. 1. 1， 2， 3)

(8. MIKI， 1955)， Corylus heterophylla (P1. 11. 12)， Trapa mammillifera (Pl. 111. 16)

Trapa sp. (Pl. 111. 15) and Menyanthes trifoliata. It is remarkable that the only species

Juglans mandshurica in the genus Juglans was found only at this horizon.

Locality 5

A big cliff of Dangisho， east of Naruwa in. Kanazawa city (Fig. 6).

The occurrence of plant remains was found in marine clay (UMa3) near the

dumping ground. Especial1y， these remains occurred abundantly in the sandy clay

situating at the upper part of UMa3.

The plant remains collected in this locality were the fol1owings: Juglans mand-

shurica (Pl. 1. S， 8)， Juglans Sieboldiana (Pl. 1. 9)， Allltωz

Sωali，ルi化Ci仇na(P到1.111. 6， 8)， Magnolia kobus (Pl. 111. 11)， Fagus sp.， Acer sp. (Pl. 11. 21)，

Euryle ferox (Pl. 111. 20) (8. MIKI， 1960)， and Trapa sp. (Pl. 111. 17).

Locality 6

A cliff by the roadside along the curved way from the Bridge Tenjin to Mt. Utatsu

(Fig. 6).

The dip of the UMG and UMa6 and the slope of the way descend in a paral1el

manner from Mt. Utatsu to the Bridge Tenjin.

The UMa6 developing around this area is chracterized hy the plant fragments

bearing silty marine clay. The plant fossils col1ected from one of the localities are

as follows: Styrax japonたa(Pl. 11. S)， Acer palmatum (Pl. 11. 20)， Aesculus sp.， Alnus

japonica (Pl. 11. 8)， Fagus sp.) Pruntη削u

and Juglμan附SSi，必'ebωoldiana(P到1.1. 10的).

More detailed geological map of Utatsuyama area and more exact situation of locality 4， locality 5 and locality 6 (By H. N 1阻む 1968). Legend: 1. . . . . . Low terrace deposits， 11， 2...... Low terrace deposits 1， 3...... Middle terrace deposits， 4...... High terrace deposits， 5...... Gomashio sand and Pink tuff， 6...... N omarine clay bed， 7 . . . . . . Marine clay bed， 8. . . . . . Gracel bed， 9. . . . . . Scoriaceous sand bed， 10. . . . . . Sand bed， 11...... Strike and dip of bed， 12...... Debris， 13...... Conformity contact， 14. . . . . . U nconformity contact， 15. . . . . . Sand part of the U tatsuyama forma-tion， 16. . . . . .Omma formation.

Risashi N IREt 12

。6 弘bわー 。-......， 。v ，、。。。、，。。，.，。。。ー

。00 0。ー。。 u

a 。‘'。o 0 0 "

v

，'、しoc4

jf，' ぷぷ。

〆 JjOS1ill

。、， 。

。。E。や 阜の守え。王。 o 0

'¥ A A 0。。。~ v 0。

v v v

500M 。

φ

/

dF

，，

/

J'

〆

J

〆

aF

，，

，，

，，

、、

〆ノ、

、

aF

-

司

令

〆

，

-.'

-F

4F

-

'

F

‘

-

〆

-

、

Jコ t:、ぇ :f

J-¥¥〆'1 J/ ‘、、，

， ... I ... _・ー

" ...山 岨圃-一一、、，、，

us

• 。。。・r

• ・

• • -dv

。•

。。 。•

•

。

、、戸

J

，，

r 〆

，，

JF

，

OS

， ， ，

〆・... I

t ， ， ， ， ， ， e 、... ，

、、

、 J，

，

J

1

f

、

、

us

戸~--- 13 7 盟国

，ー

，戸 ~ 14

15

OS 16

US

8

仁コ 10

.>-

9

11

何 .........12

2

5

6

3

4

盟国

四四回

ZEヨ

us ， 、、

ーー ー，

6 Fig.

Early Pleistocene Floγαι of Kanazawa 13

Locality 7

The left side of the val1ey looked down from the way between Tagami and Tomuro

(Fig. 7).

For Tagaml 、.、.、--

a

， -

， -

』司

!_90M Loc.7/ ， ， 。

、、、、、

200 For 10m Ut 0

Fig， 7 More exact situation of locality 7.

The peaty clay bed of about 30 cm in thickness overlies on the UMG. From the

thin bed are collec.ted such plant remains identified as .4lnus japonica (Pl. 11. 10)， M agnolia

kobus (P1. 111. 10)， Styrax japon'Ica (Pl. 11. 4)， Prunus salicina (P1. 111. 5)， Quercus sp.

(Pl. 11. 2， 3)， Fagus sp. (Pl. 1. 17)， Viburnum sp. (Pl. 111. 12) and C"'orylus heteroph)llla

(Pl. 11. 14).

Locallity 8

A cliff exposing at the left side of the river Fushimi that runs down near the

Yalnashina hot spring (Fig. 8).

。 100M

••••••••• ‘. 、、、、

，4a

'

、1s

'

・

司、

，

、/、、/(

.‘、--•

‘ ‘ R.Fu・hlml ・・・咽

Fig. 8 1¥在oreexact situation of locality 8.

The plant remains occurred in the peaty clay (about 0.5 m in thickness) interc-

alating into sand bed that has developed under the alluvial-like gravel bed (UMG).

From .this locality the following plant remains were collected: Juglans mandshu-

rl~ca (Pl. 1. 4， 6， 7)， Fagus microcarpa (Pl. 1. 15， 16) (8. MIKI， 1937)， Qercus sp. (Pl. 11.

1)， Styrax japonたa，Corylus heteropl1ylla (Pl. Il. 13) and Alnus japonica.

、

14 Hisashi N IREI

Discussion and conclusion

In the present paper， exact stratigraphical horizons of all the 8 localities have been

determined by studying the detail of the Utatsuyama formation.

By investigating these fossils of each locality and their geological occurrences， the author identified the plant fossil remains consisting of about 22 species as shown in

Table 1.

Table 1 Summer匂edlist of florae of each locality. “L. 1" means Locality 1.

L，.l L.2 L.3 L.4 L.5 L.16 L.7 L.8

Tsuga rotundata 1¥任IKI 。Tsuga oblonga 1¥任IKI 。Fagus crenata BLUME 。Fagus microcarpa MIKI 。 。Fagus sp. 。。。Quercus sp. 。。Styrax japonica BLUME 。 。。。Alnus japonica STEUD 。。。 。。。。Corylus heterophyl'la FISH 。 。。Sapium sebiferum ROXB. 。 巳

Paliurus nipponicus MIKI 。Paliurus sp. 。Juglans mandshurica MAX. 。。 。Juglans Sieboldiana MAX. 。 。。Acer palmatum THUNB 。Aceγsp. 。 。Staphylea Bumalda DC. 。Aesculus turibinata BLUME 。Aesculu'$ sp. 。 。Magnolia kobus DC. 。 。Pγunus salicinαLINDL 。。。

'Pγunus sp. 。Viburnum sp. 。Pte:γocαγヲαγhoifoliaS. et Z. 。Buxus sp. 。Tγα争αmα:mmillifeγaMIKI 。Tγαpαsp. 。。Menyanthes trifoliata L. 。。 。Sci，γpus t:γiangulαtus L. 。Sci~γ金'us fluvi，αtilis A. G REY 。Euryale ferox SALISB. 。

•

.

Concerning the constitution of the U tatsuyama florae， it is established that the

majority of the remains consists of seeds of broa dleaf trees and of aquatic plants， but only few cones of conifers are found. A vailable data allow only limited discussion on this

problem. The beds of all the 8 localities which bear the plant remains are not such clay

veneer intercalated into gravels but clay beds that deposited under the environments of

lagoon or lake. Cones of conifers might have hardly been flowed and not carried near

the centers of the lagoon or lake through rivers. They might have settled on the delta

well as gravels. On the other hand， suts and seeds such as Juglans， Sかra，')C and

Prunus might have been easily flowed through rivers， those remains would have been able to go far from the delta. In addition， the difference in the composition of remains， seeds or nUts， or conifer cones， might also be brought about by the differences between the

numbers of each produce (K. SUZUKI， 1959).

As author stated (H. NIREI， 1968)， it was observed in the Osaka group tl川 thespecies

in the Genus Juglans changed with the geological age as shown on the schematic columnar

section on the left of Figure 9. By investigating the Juglans nuts collected fronl the

Utatsuyama formation， it was observed that the species of Juglans changed from Juglans mandshurica to Juglans Sieboldiana ascending order in the lTtatsuyama formation

well as in the Osaka group.

一

15 Early Pleistocent， Florae of Kanazawa

UMa 6-Gomashio Sand:-. . UMG 向nkTuff 完

ε ns ~

コ的喝d

C1S ...， コ

as

デ』M噌仏』@aaコ

C

亡帽仏』

ω〉〉

OJ

coriaceous Sand B<<J

.比

帽

Eεo

BEES---

・?

v'

'' a

?・・・・i'821・

・

?

M

つZA--s.制8 .‘

n .‘

PL・0

.. ‘

・3e

p' e

--E-p'

SEE-CEE，.，・?

as

Ma8 Kasur/

Tuff園田ーー

Ma7

Q.

コ。‘-C> Azuki

-Ma3 伺 Tuff~ 帽的。

M a 6

Ma5

Ma4

相・』圃噌仏』酌waa

コ

WH

huu

““r' e

ν'

亡帽仏』@主。J

Ma2

Pink ----Tuff

Ma1

Schematic sucessive ranges of species of Juglans in the Utatsuyama formation and Osaka group (A) Juglans megacinera range (B) Juglans madshuγica range (C) Juglans Sieboldiana range. Geological succession of the Osaka group (left schematic column) was established by M. ITIHARA (1961). “Ma"means marine clay.

Fig.9

、

lS Hisashi NIREI

The successive changes from Juglatls megacinerea to J~glans mandshurica and from

Juglans m仰 dshuricato Juglans Sieboldiana have not yet been known clearly in the

O'saka group， owing to insu伍cientdata. However， the latter {Juglans mandshurica to Juglans Sieboldian吋 became clearer in the Ut匂a低紛tおsu】戸3

As evidently seen i泊nFi氾g，ur閃e9， tne specieωS Jugl，μ'ans m'andゐshuricaoccurred in the strati-

graphical hor包onro:ugh】片yfrom the UMal tωo the UMa4 i;n唄nthe Uta抗ts釦uy戸amatおorma抗tion.On th:e other hand， the horizons in which the Juglans ，Sieboldiana occurred include all

the horizons upper than UMa3. Ac~ordimgly， it seerns that J~glans mandshurica and

Juglans Sieboldiana coexisted for the period of the geQlogical age repres'ented by the

strata from the UMa3 to the UMa4.

sased on tme present investigation using th，e fossi1 walnut as “index fossil"，it seems probable that the Utatsuyama formation is oorrelated with the strata ranging from some

parts of the lower part to the Mpper part of the Osaka group as shown in Figure 9. It is

also possible that the Plio-Pleistocene boundary in the Hokuriku‘group lies in the

Omma formation containing :tauna eharacteri~ed by cold water assemblage. It seems

t出ha抗tno悦tonly the Uta幻tSil町1

belong to the Pleistωtocene deposits.

Aeknew'ledgements

The aeknowledg，m，ents are due to PrQf. N. IKEiBiE and Dr. M. ITIHARA of the Osaka

City Univers，ity for their encouragement and the ~r悩cal reading of this paper. The

writer is indebted to Prof. S. MIKI of the Mukogawa Womens Univers1ity for t>be help of

ident泊catioIilof plallt remains.

Thanks.are slso dllle to Assistant Praf. K. SUZUKI of the Fukush~ma Un[versity， Asi圃

sistant p'rof. S. KOKAVlA of the Osaka City University， Prof. Y. KASENO and Dr. N. FUJI of the Kanazawa U niversity for many valuable suggestions.

The author is gratef1ll1 to Assistant Prof. Y. MASUDA of Osaka C1ity Universitty for his kindness in revisin.g Elilglish manuscript.

References ci~ted

lTIHARA M. (1961): Some problems of the Quatern:ary sedi.metrltaries in the Osaka and Akashi

area. Jour. Inst. Polytech.， Osaka City Univ.， ser. G， 5， p. 47-86. KOKAWA S. (1958): Some tentative menthods for the age帽 estimationby means of morphometry

of Menyanthes remains. Jour. Inst. Polytech.， Osaka City Univ.， ser. D， 9， p. 11:1-118. MIln S. (1937): 到antfossils from the Stegodon beds and the EZephas beds near Akashi. Japan.

Jouγ.Bθta.， 111， no. 4" p. 303-340.

(1952): Trapa of Japan with specialveference to its remains. Jowr. Inst. Polytech.， Osaka City Univ.， ser D， 1， p. 63-=77.

(1953): On Metaseqωia， fossi'} and Hving. Nippon Kobutsu S1vumi no Kai， Kyoto. (1955): Nut remaI!ns (!)f Juglanaceae in Japan. Jour. Ins't. Polytech.， Osaka City Univ.， ser.

D， 6， p. 131-144. (1957): Pinaceae of Japan， with reference to its remains. Jour. Inst. Polytech.， Osaka City

Univ.， ser. D， 8， p. 221-272.

'

，

Early Pleistocene Florae of Kanazawa 17

(1960): Nymphaceae Remains in Japan， with new fossil Genus Eoeuryle. Jour. Inst. Polytech.， Osaka City Univ.， ser. D， 11， p. 63-78.

NIREI H. (1968): Plio・Pleistoceneflorae of Takatsuki region， Osaka prefecture， central J apan， with preliminary rema'rks on the evolution of the Genus Juglans. Jour. Geosci.， Osaka City Univ.， 7， p. 56-78.

SUZUKI K. (1959): On the Flora of the upper Miocene Tennoji formation in Fukushima Basin， Japan， and its Paleoecological Aspect. Monograph， Associa. Geolo. Collabo， Japan， No. 9， p. 26.

Appendix I!

Alphabetical list 01 place na例 es

Dangisho .談 i託、万rrFushimi River .... 伏 見川

Gosho .御 所

Ho nkuriku. . . . . . .. ::1ヒ 陵

Ishikawa. . . . . . . . . .石 ) 11

Kanazawa ........金 沢

Kasamai. . . . . . . . . .笠 知:

Kodatsuno . . . . . . .. ，J ¥立野

Kosaka ノト 坂

Momosaka . . . . . . . .百 坂

Morimoto ........森 本

N aruwa .......... ~.鳥 和

Nodayama . . . . . . . .野田山

Omma . . .ーー.. . . . 大 桑

Osaka . . . . . . . . . . . .大 阪

Tagami ..........問Takao.... ........高 尾

Tenjin Bridge .天 神 橋TomuJマo. . . . . . . . . .戸 室

Utatsuyama .卯辰山

Yamashina . . . . . . . .山 不}

Yanagihashi ...... 柳 精

Appendix 11

Distribution Imap of the U tatsuyama formation and the Osaka group

1 : Distribution of the U tatsuyama formation 2: Distrubtion of the Osaka group

136

~ う Cど 34

に、 I1

戸』 f ス

2 -，・~ ~竹R

1 司目、玄 ._ 司'.

36

•

，

PI:ate [

ー

•

of PlateI 1 Explanation

2U

Fig. 1， 2， 3 Nut of Juglans mandshurica MAX. from Locality 4.

Fig. 4， 6， 7 Nut of Juglans mandshu行caMAX. from Locality 8.

Fig. 5，8 Nut of Juglans mandshurica MAX. from Locality 5.

Fig. 9 Nut of Juglans Sieboldiana MAX. from Locality 5.

Fig. 10 Nut of J'uglans Sieboldiana MAX. from Locality 6.

Fig. 11 Nut of Juglans Sieboldiana MAX. from Locality 1.

Fig. 12 Cone of Tsuga oblonga 1¥任IKIfrom Locality 2.

Fig. 13 Cone of Tsuga rotundata 1¥在IKIfrom Locality 2.

Fig. 14 Acorn of Fagus microcarpa MIKI from Locality 1. Fig. 15 Acorn of Fagus microcaゆaM1KJ irom I..Jocahty 8. Fig. 16 Cupule of Fagus microcarpa MIKI frorn Locality 8.

Fig. 17 Acorn of Fagus sp. from Locality 7.

Fig. 18，19 Cupule of Fagus crenata BLUME from Locality 3.

Fig. 20 Nut of Pterocarya幼 oijoliaSIEB. et Zucc. from Locality 6 .

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Scales of each pictures are in mm unit.

Photos by H. N IREI

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Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

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Fig. 6

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Fig. 9

Fig. 10 F:ig.， 11

Fig. 12

Fiι13 Fig. 14

Fig. 15

Fig. 16

Fig. 17

Fig. 18

Fig. 19

Fig. 20

Fig. 21

Fig. 22

E~pla.nation of Plate 11

Cupule of Quercus sp. from Locality 8. Cupule of Quercus sp. from Locality 7.

B;ud of Quercus sp. from Locality 7.

Seeds of Styrax japottica sLUME from LocaHty 7.

Seed of Styrax JaponiωBLUME from Locality 6.

Seed of Strax japonica BLUME from Locality 1.

Cone of Alnu$ japoni'ωSTEUD from Locality 5.

Two bracts of Alnus japonica SEUf> from LocaHty 6).

Cone of Alnus japonica STEuD from Loeali.ty 3.

Cone of Alnus japonica STEun from Locality 7.

Cones of Alnus japonica STEUD fl[om Locality 1. Seed of Corylus heterophylla F1SH from Locality 4. Seed of .Corylus heteroph少ll'aFIISH from Locality S.

Seed af CQηlus heterophylla FISH from Locality 7.

Seed of Sapium sebiferum Roxs. from Locality 3.

sranch of Paliurus sp. from LocaHty 1.

sranch and a fruit of Paliurus ramosissimu'S POIR. living now.

Btanc}led stem SpiRe of Paliu仰 snipponicus MIKJJ from Locality 1. Seed of Staphylea bumalda iD. C. from Locality 1.

Samara of Acer palmatum THUNB. from Locality 6.

Basal part of Samara of Acer sp. from LocaHty 5.

Basal part of Sam~ra of Acer sp. fFom Localhy l.

Ph0tos by H. NIl~EI

11 Plate Florae of Kanazawa Ear1y Pleistocene • • NIREI 日.

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Fig. 20

Explanatios' of Plate 111

Exocarp of A'esculus turb仇ataBLUME. from LocaHty 1.

Fruit not grown up of Aesculus tuゆinataB.:LUME from Loca'liJty 1.

Fragments of nut ()f Aesculus sp. from lLoea[ity 3.

Insect gal1 of wiUow (salix) ? from Locality 1.

Endecarp 0f Prunus salicina LINDL f~om Locallity 5.

Enclocarps of Prun.us sal'icina LINDL from Locality 5. Fragments of endocarp of PrU1:lUS sp. from LoεaJ1ity 3.

Endocarp of Prunus salu;ina LINDL from Locality 6:.

Seeds of Magnolia kobus from Locality 1. Seed of Mognolia， kobus from Locality 5.

Seed of Viournum sp'. from LocaHty 7.

Seeds of Menyanthes ty，ifolia1ta L. from Locality 2.

Leaf of Buxus sp. from Locality 3.

Nut of Tr:apa sp. from Locality 4.

Nmt of Traρa mammilllfera MIKI from Locarlity 4.

Nut of Trapa sp. from LocaHty 5:.

Seeds of Scirpus triangulatus L. from Locali句 1.

Seeds of Scirpus fiuv.iat~lis A. GRAY f~om Locality 2. Euryale ferox S'ALISB fliom Locality 5.

Phoωs by H. NIREl

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11'1 Plate Early Pleistocene Florae of Kanazawa • • NIREI H.

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