earthquakes chapter the big idea chapter outline earthquakes release stress that has built up in...
TRANSCRIPT
Earthquakes
CHAPTER
the BIG idea
CHAPTER OUTLINE
Earthquakes release stress that has built up in rocks.
Earthquakes occur along faults.2.12.1
Earthquakes release energy.2.22.2
Earthquake damage can be reduced.2.32.3
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
Earthquakes occur along faults.2.1
SECTION OUTLINESECTION OUTLINE
stress
fault
Normal faults form as rocks are pulled apart.
earthquake
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
Earthquakes occur along faults.2.1
SECTION OUTLINESECTION OUTLINE
stress
fault
Normal faults form as rocks are pulled apart. Reverse faults form as rocks are pushed together.
earthquake
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
Earthquakes occur along faults.2.1
SECTION OUTLINESECTION OUTLINE
stress
fault
Normal faults form as rocks are pulled apart. Reverse faults form as rocks are pushed together. Strike-slip faults form as rocks are pushed horizontally in opposite directions.
earthquake
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
seismic wave
Earthquakes release energy.2.2
SECTIONOUTLINESECTIONOUTLINE
epicenter
seismograph
focus
focus
epicenter
Seismic waves move out from the focus in all directions.
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
Magnitude
0–3.9 Very Minor to Minor
4.0–4.9 Light
5.0–5.9 Moderate
6.0–6.9 Strong
7.0–7.9 Major
Effects Near Epicenter
8.0 and above Great
major to total destruction
rarely noticed
slight damage
some structures damaged
major damage to structures
some well-built structures destroyed
Earthquake damage can be reduced.2.3
SECTIONOUTLINESECTIONOUTLINE
aftershock
liquefaction
A powerful earthquake releases more energy and causes more shaking of the ground than does a weak earthquake.
tsunami
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
Earthquake damage can be reduced.2.3
SECTIONOUTLINESECTIONOUTLINE
aftershock
liquefaction
An area’s risk of earthquakes can be predicted.
0 200 400 kilometers
0 200 400 miles
tsunami
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
Earthquake damage can be reduced.2.3
SECTIONOUTLINESECTIONOUTLINE
aftershock
liquefaction
tsunami
Structures can be designed for greater safety in an earthquake.
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
I. Earthquakes occur along faults.
A. Rocks move along faults.
1. Normal Faults
2.1
KEY CONCEPTSUMMARYKEY CONCEPTSUMMARY
Earthquakes occur along faults.
B. Faults are classified by how rocks move.
2. Reverse Faults
3. Strike-Slip Faults
stress
fault
earthquake
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
2.2
KEY CONCEPTSUMMARYKEY CONCEPTSUMMARY
Earthquakes release energy.
II. Earthquakes release energy.
A. Energy from earthquakes travels through
Earth.
1. Waves and Energy
2. Primary Waves
3. Secondary Waves
4. Surface Waves
B. Seismic waves can be measured.
1. Using Seismographs
2. Locating an Earthquake
seismic wave
epicenter
seismograph
focus
VOCABULARY
KEY CONCEPT CHAPTER HOME
III. Earthquake damage can be reduced.
A. Earthquakes can cause severe damage and
loss of life.
3. Damage from Tsunamis
B. Scientists work to monitor and predict
earthquakes.
1. Earthquake Magnitude
2.3
KEY CONCEPTSUMMARYKEY CONCEPTSUMMARY
Earthquake damage can be reduced.
2. Damage from Earthquakes
aftershock
liquefaction
tsunami
C. Structures can be designed to resist
earthquake damage.