Earth’s Interior Layers of the Earth

How much do you know about your planet?

Text Book page numbers 80 - 87

True or False

The Earth is made up of 3 layers.

The Crust is the thickest layer.

The Inner Core is solid. The Mantle has liquid rock.

Answer: False 4 Layers

Answer: False Mantle

Answer: True

Answer: True (so does the Outer Core)

Is Earth’s surface constantly changing?

Yes.

Example : Mount Kilauea in Hawaii - an active volcano

• http://www.discovery.com/tv-shows/discovery-presents/videos/understanding-volcanoes-kilauea-a-volcano-lab/

Crust• The layer of rock that forms Earth’s outer

surface.• The crust is up to 32 Kilometers (20 miles - here

to Stone Mountain) thick.• The crust is made up of the continents and the

ocean floor.• The crust is thickest under high mountains and

thinnest beneath the ocean.• The continental crust consists of rocks such as

granite, sandstone, and marble. The oceanic crust consists of basalt.

• 0 degrees Fahrenheit to 1590 degrees Fahrenheit• The crust’s density and temperature increase

with it’s depth.

Oceanic Crust

Continental Crust

Lithosphere•A rigid layer made up of the

uppermost part of the mantle and the crust.

•There are two kinds of crust: continental and oceanic. Yes, there is even crust under the ocean!

•The lithosphere (geosphere) is the "solid" part of Earth

• It has two parts, the crust and the upper mantle.

Mantle• The layer of hot, solid material between Earth’s

crust and core.• The mantle is the layer under the crust.• It is up to 2,897 kilometers(1,800 miles -from

here to Arizona) thick. • The mantle is made up of rocks such as silicon,

aluminum, iron, and magnesium.• Top layer - hot solid rock 1590 degrees

Fahrenheit• Bottom layer - hot liquid rock 3992 degrees

Fahrenheit• The Mantle’s density and temperature increase

with it’s depth.

AsthenosphereAsthenosphere• Asthenes (GREEK) means weak

• The plastic like layer below the lithosphere is the asthenosphere

• This is the soft layer of the mantle on which the lithosphere floats

Outer Core•The outer core is 2253

kilometers (1,400 miles - here to New Mexico) thick.

•The temperature ranges from 2204 – 4982 degrees Celsius (4000 – 9000 degrees Fahrenheit)

•Made up of the hot liquid metals iron and nickel.

Inner Core• The very center of the earth• 800 miles thick – From here to Dallas, TX• Made of the metals iron and nickel• The inner core is very hot, about 4982

degrees celsius (9000 degrees fahrenheit)

• The inner core is solid. It is under so much pressure from the layers above that the metal cannot spread out and become liquid.