earth’s layers theoriesboundariesearthquakesvolcanoesother 100 200 300 400 500
TRANSCRIPT
Earth’s Layers
Theories Boundaries Earthquakes Volcanoes Other
100 100 100 100 100 100
200 200 200 200 200 200
300 300 300 300 300 300
400 400 400 400 400 400
500 500 500 500 500 500
Label the following diagram of the Earth’s layers.
100
Complete the sentence with the correct word.
Most of the Earth’s mass is found in the ____________.
Mantle
200
True or False:The Earth has grown over hundreds of millions of years.
False. The earth has stayed the same size.
However, the Atlantic Ocean is growing because the seafloor is spreading.
300
400
Earth’s outer core is made of:
a.A very thick solidb.A very thick liquidc.Partly melted rockd.Combination of oxygen & other materials
b. A very thick liquid
500
Explain what convection is and where it happens.
Convection occurs in the mantle. When the thick liquid part of the mantle is heated it becomes lighter and floats above cooler liquid. As it rises it cools and becomes heavier. Then it sinks and is replaced by more hot liquid rising above it. This liquid again cools and sinks while being replaces. This transfer of thermal energy creates a current of movement and causes the plates floating on top of the mantle to move.
100
The theory that continents drifted apart in the past and continues to do so today was called the _________________ _________________ ______________.
Continental Drift Theory
Daily Double Question!!!
What was the man’s name who thought of the Continental Drift Theory?
Alfred Wagener
100
200
What is Pangea and how does it relate to the Continental Drift Theory?
This relates to the Continental Drift theory because Wagener believed the continents used to be one land mass before they drifted apart to where they are today.
Pangea is what Alfred Wagener named the large land mass that was when the Continents were all together.
300
The theory that the Earth’s lithosphere is broken into about twenty moving plates is called _____________ ____________
Plate Tectonics
400
What force causes earth’s tectonic plates to move?
Convection in the mantle
500
Explain the difference between the Continental Drift Theory and the theory of Plate Tectonics.
Continental Drift Theory said that the continents drifted apart over time, but it could not explain how this could happen.
The theory of Plate Tectonics explains this movement by explaining that the earth’s lithosphere is split into about 20 tectonic plates that continuously move away from, into, and next to each other causing the continents to move.
100
An area where plates meet is called a ___________ ______________
Plate Boundary
200
This boundary is formed when plates move away from each other, forming a gap.
Daily Double!!!
Spreading Boundary
300
Formed when plates slide past each other.
Fracture Boundary
400
Formed when two plates push against each other.
Colliding Boundary
500
Name the three kinds of boundaries we studied AND the landforms or reactions that happen at each boundary.
Colliding Boundary – Forms Mountains and Volcanoes
Spreading Boundary – Forms trenches, ridges, volcanoes, and valleys
Fracture Boundary – Causes earthquakes
Describe Seafloor Spreading
100
The instrument that detects ground movement as it occurs is called a _____________________
Seismograph
200
Most earthquakes occur at what kind of boundary?
Fracture Boundary
300
What is the name for the scale that shows the magnitude of an Earthquake?
Richter Scale
400
A break in the earth’s crust at a boundary where plates slide past each other is called a ______________.
Fault
500
Describe how/why an earthquake occurs.
Sudden shifting of rock as tectonic plates shift positions.
100
Most Volcanoes form at what kind of boundary?
Colliding Boundary
200
Most volcanoes are located on the ____________ ____________.
Ocean Floor
300
Most volcanoes are located at a colliding boundary. Those that are not found at a boundary are found on a ___________ ____________.
Hot Spot
400
Explain how volcanoes are formed.
500
Hot melted rock is called _____________ when it is still underground.
Once it comes out of the volcano it is called _________________.
Magma
Lava
100
The temperature of earth’s core is very ____________.
HOT
200
True or False:
Tectonic plates are pushed together under the Pacific Ocean.
True
300
The crust and the upper part of the mantle form the __________________.
Lithosphere
400
Geysers
Magma can become trapped in the lithosphere where it heats water. In some places, the steam spews from the crust. These places are called _____________________.
500
Pretend you have a friend who does not believe that continental drift happens. Name three pieces of evidence that prove the continents have moved away from each other.
Animals and plant species (alive)
The continents fit together
Fossils found of ancient animals