e:ashish raichurold books check 2018laying axe to the tree

vuqØef.kdk

ifjp; ----------------------------------------------------------- 01

LokFkkZP;k eqGkoj dqÚgkMhpk okj -------------------------- 05

eRljkP;k eqGkoj dqÚgkMhpk okj -------------------------- 33

xokZP;k eqGkoj dqÚgkMhpk okj ----------------------------- 55

oklusP;k eqGkoj dqÚgkMhpk okj --------------------------- 85

ifjp;vkf.k vkrk tj >kMkP;k eqGk'kh dqÚgkM Bsoysyhvkgs( ts ts >kM pkaxys QG nsr ukgh rs rs rksMwuvXuhr Vkfdys tkr s- eh ik.;ku s r qepk ckf IrLeki'pkrkiklkBh djrks [kjk( ijarq ekÖ;k ekxwu tks ;srvkgs rks ekÖ;kis{kk leFkZ vkgs] R;kP;k okg.kk mpywupky.;kph ns[khy ek>h ik=rk ukgh( rks ifo= vkRE;kuso vXuhus rqepk ckfIrLek dj.kkj vkgs- R;kP;k gkrkrR;kps lwi vkgs] rks vkiys [kGs vxnh LoPN djhy ovkiys xgw dksBkjkr lkBohy( i.k Hk wl u fo>R;kvXuhus tkGwu Vkdhy ¼eRRk; 3%10&12½-

txkyk ;s'kw f[kzLrkP;k lsospk ifjp; ?kMowu nsr vlrkauk]ckifrLek dj.kkÚ;k ;ksgkukus EgVys dh ;s'kw 'kq)hdj.kkps dk;Zdjko;kl vkyk vkgs- R;kus dqÚgkMhP;k mnkgj.kkpk mi;ksxdsyk th QG u ns.kkÚ;k >kMkP;k eqGk'kh Bsoysyh vlrs-;ksgku xOgkiklwu Hkwl fdaok dksaMk osxGk dj.;kfo"k;h ns[khycksyyk- lkjka'k Eg.kts] nksUgh mnkgj.ks 'kq)hdj.kkP;k vkf.kLoPNrsP;k dkekps o.kZu djrkr- >kMkP;k eqGk'kh dqÚgkMBsoysyh vkgs gs dsoG MgkGîkk o Qka|k rksM.;kps dkelqpohr ukgh] rj vk.k[kh xaHkhj dk;Z lwfpr djrs- R;kpizek.ks]f[kzLr leL;sps ewG nwj djko;kl vkyk- rks dsoG i`"BHkkxkaojhyxks"VhadMs y{k nsr ukgh] rj v'kk ckchadMs y{k nsrks T;klkekU;i.ks MksGîkkal fnl.kkÚ;k xks"VhaP;k ekxs nMysY;k vlrkr-

1

eqGkoj dqÚgkMhpk okj

vki.k eRr; 3%11 eè;s mYysf[kysY;k ifo= vkRE;kP;kckifrLE;koj tksj nsr vlrkauk] vki.k gîkk rF;kdMs nqyZ{kdjrks dh 11 os opu nksu opukaeè;s ncysys vkgs ts ,dk'kq)hdj.kkP;k dk;kZfo"k;h cksyrs ts djko;kl ;s'kw vkyk-vkeP;kiSdh vusdkauh gîkk oLrwfLFkrhdMs dkukMksGk dsykvkgs dh R;kps vkxeu R;k osGsdMs b'kkjk djhr gksrs tsOgkßdqÚgkM >kMkP;k eqGk'kh Bso.;kr vkyh vkgsÞ vkf.k tsOgkHkwl vkxhr tkGwu Vkdys tkbZy- vkEgkyk ifo= vkRE;kP;kckifrLE;kfo"k;h] vU;kU; Hkk"kk cksy.;kfo"k;h vkf.k vkeP;kthoukr ifo= vkRE;kP;k ÑiknkukaP;k izxV gks.;kfo"k;h vkuanokVrks vkf.k vkEgh vR;ar vkuafnr gksrks] i.k vki.k ifo=vkRE;kP;k 'kq)hdj.kkP;k dk;kZdMs Dofprp y{k nsrks- ifo=vkRE;kP;k ckifrLE;kiwohZ vkf.k ckifrLE;kuarj vkeP;k thoukarizHkq ;s'kw f[kzLrkps ,d lkeF;Zoku 'kq)hdj.kkps dk;Z gksrs- ghnq%[kkph xks"V vkgs dh vkeP;kiSdh cgqrsd t.kkauh R;kP;k'kq)hdj.kkP;k dk;kZlkBh vkiys var%dj.k m?kMysys ukghvkf.k dsoG ifo= vkRE;kP;k ckifrLE;kph fuoM dsyh vkgs-gs egRokps vkgs dh vkeP;kr iw.kZ dk;Z dj.;klkBh vkEghizHkqyk eqHkk |koh-

tjh nsokP;k opukph rqyuk Lokfn"V okV.kkÚ;k eèkw'kh]jkstP;k Hkkdjh'kh] rktsrokus dj.kkÚ;k o"Vh'kh vkf.k ekxZnk[kfo.kkÚ;k fnO;k'kh dj.;kr vkysyh vkgs] rjhgh rs HkwltkGwu Vkd.kkÚ;k vXuhlkj[ks] [kMdkpk Hkqxk dj.kkÚ;kgkrksMîkklkj[ks vkf.k thou o vkRek ;kal Hksnwu vkjikj tk.kkÚ;knqèkkjh ryokjhlkj[ks vkgs- gkrksMk] vkx vkf.k ryokj Eg.kwu

2

ifjp;

opukpk la;qDr izHkko vkeP;k thoukP;k R;k {ks=kaoj bfPNr'kq)hdj.kkpk ifj.kke vlyk ikfgts T;kal 'kq)hdj.kkph xjtvkgs!

ck;cy Eg.krs] ßR;kauh rsFkwu fu?kwu tkÅu loZ= ?kks"k.kkdsyh- izHkq R;kaP;kcjkscj dk;Z djhr gksrk o ?kM.kkÚ;k fpUgkaP;k}kjs opukps leFkZu djhr gksrkÞ ¼ekdZ 16%20½- gs opuokpwu dèkh dèkh vki.k ?kkbZ?kkbZus vlk fu"d"kZ dk<rks dhijes'oj vkeP;klkscr dk;Z djhy] ex vkEgh dlsgh dkvlsuk- tjh gs iw.kZi.ks [kjs vlys dh vkeP;klkscr dk;Zdj.;kph nsokph bPNk vkgs] rjh vkeP;k thoukr v'kkdkgh xks"Vh vlrkr T;k vkeP;klkscr dk;Z dj.;kiklwunsokl jks[kwu èkjrkr- tj vkeP;k thoukr v'kk xks"Vh vkgsrT;k ¼nsokps gkr ckaèkrkr½ R;kyk vkeP;klkscr dke dj.;kP;kekxkZr vM[kG.k vk.krkr] rj R;k {ks=kal rksaM |kos ykxsy-

LokFkZ] eRlj] xoZ vkf.k okluk dkgh udkjkRed xks"Vhvkgsr T;k vkeP;klkscr dke dj.;kiklwu nsokl vM[kG.kvk.krkr- tsOgk vkEgh nsokyk eqGk'kh dqÚgkM Bso.;kph vkf.kvkeP;k thoukP;k R;k {ks=kar 'kq)hdj.kkps dke dj.;kphlaèkh nsÅ] rsOgk vkEgh dsoG nsoklkBhp uOgs rj ,desdkalkBhlq)k mRre yksd B:-

3


1

LokFkkZP;k eqGkoj dqÚgkMhpk okjcjspnk] f[kzLrkps] vkf.k dsoG R;kps eu%iwoZd xkSjo dj.;kphvkeph bPNk] vkeps Lor%ps uko iq<s dj.;kph bPNk] lRrk oizHkkokP;k inkaph bPNk] vFkok vkeP;k Ñiknkukal] izfrHkslvkf.k ik=rsl ekU;rk feGkoh gh bPNk ;kauh dyafdr gksrs-tj vkEgh lko/k jkfgyks ukgh rj thoukr vkEgh v'kk fBdk.kh;sÅu iksgkspw tsFks vkEgh vkRE;k,soth ^Lo*us izsfjr gksÅ- ifo=vkRek usgehp f[kzLrkps xkSjo djhy ¼;ksgku 16%14½] i.k^Lo* Eg.kts vkiyk LokFkZ f[kzLrkl |ko;kps xkSjo pks:u ?ksrks-

èkksdk ;k xks"Vhr vkgs dh vkeP;kiSdh cgqrsd yksd dèkhghgs lkoZtfudfjR;k dcwy dj.kkj ukghr dh vkEgkl LokFkZ izsfjrdjhr vkgs- vkEgh pkaxys fo'okl.kkjs vlw 'kdrks ts izkFkZukdjrkr] miokl djrkr] mikluk djrkr vkf.k loZ ;ksX;xks"Vh djrkr- vkf.k rjhgh] tsOgk vkEgh nsokpk 'kksèknhivkeP;k varHkkZxkrhy dksiÚ;kr pedfo.;kph ijokuxh nsrks]rsOgk vkEgkl vls vk<Gwu ;srs dh ts dkgh vkEgh djrksR;kiSdh cÚ;kp xks"Vhapk tUe vkRE;keè;s >kysyk ulrks] rjLokFkkZr >kysyk vlrks- vkeP;kiSdh cgqrsdkalkBh Lops dk;Zrs vksG[k.;kP;k vkeP;k ;ksX;rsis{kk vfèkd lw{e vlrs-

nsgkiklwu ¼Lo½ tUeysys nsg ¼Lo½ vkgs vkf.k vkRE;kiklwutUeysys vkRek vkgs ¼;ksgku 3%6½- gîkk nks?kkaps ewG Li"V vkgs

5


vkf.k T;kpk tUe Lo vFkkZr~ LokFkkZrwu >kyk vkgs R;kpsifjorZu vkRE;kP;k dk;kZr djrk ;sr ukgh] ex R;kus fdrhghmRRkeizdkjs os'kkarj dk dsys vlsuk-

blzk,y yksdkauk lkax dh] fi<îkkufi<îkk rqEgkyk ekÖ;kihzR;FkZgsp ifo= vfHk"ksdkps rsy vl.kkj- gs rsy dks.kkgh O;DrhP;kvaxkyk ykoko;kps ukgh o gîkk izdkjps feJ.k dks.kh djko;kpsukgh( gs ifo= vkgs( vkf.k rqEgh gîkkyk ifo=p ys[kkos- tksdks.kh R;kaP;klkj[ks feJ.k r;kj djhy fdaok dks.kk ijD;kykrs ykohy R;kpk Lotukrwu mPNsn Ogkok ¼fuxZe 30%31&33½-

ifo= vfHk"ksdkps rsy] ts ifo= vkRE;kP;k lkfUu/;kpsvkf.k dk;kZps izrhd gksrs] rs 'kjhjkoj ykoko;kps uOgrs] brjgsrwalkBh R;kph izfrÑrh dk<.;kphgh ijokuxh uOgrh- ts LoustUeysys vkgs R;kpk nso vfHk"ksd d: 'kdr ukgh- oLrwr%]'kkjhfjd cGkr vkRE;kP;k dk;kZps vuqdj.k dj.;kr èkksdkvkgs ¼fuxZe 30%33½-

ts nsgkus ¼Lous½ tUeys vkgs rs nsg ¼Lo½ vkgs vkf.k tsnsgkP;k vèkhu vkgsr R;kauk nsokyk izlUu dfjrk ;sr ukgh ¼jkse8%8½- Eg.kwu dke fdrhgh eksBs dk vlsuk] tj rs nsgkeè;sdj.;kr vkys vlys] rj rs nsokyk izlUurknk;d ukgh-

tks vkiY;k nsgLoHkkoklkBh ¼Lo½ isjrks R;kyk nsgLoHkkokiklwuHkz"Vrsps] uk'kkps ihd feGsy ¼xyrh 6%8½- LokFkkZP;k izsj.ksus tsdk;Z dsys tkrs] rs fVdkÅ ulsy- gh dkes ykdMkph] xorkphvkf.k [kqaVkph vkgsr th vXuhijh{ksr mRRkh.kZ gksÅ 'kdrukghr ¼2 dfjaFk 3%12]13½-

6

LokFkkZP;k eqGkoj dqÚgkMhpk okj

tj LokFkZ vkEgkl izsfjr djhr vlsy] rj vkEgh vkRE;kuspkyw 'kdr ukgh dkj.k ifo= vkRE;kl ts gos vkgs R;kpk nsgfojksèk djrs ¼xyrh 5%17½- R;k,soth] vkEgkyk rs ekxZn'kZu'kksèk.;kph xjt vkgs ts ifo= vkRE;kus izsfjr vkgs- vki.kvkiyh var%dj.ks m?kMw ;k vkf.k izHkqyk ijokuxh nsÅ ;k dhR;kus dqÚgkMkpk okj LoP;k Eg.kts LokFkkZP;k eqGkoj djkok!

lsosr pqdhpk gsrw

fdR;sd gsO;kus o oSjHkkokus f[kzLrkph ?kks"k.kk dfjrkr( vkf.kfdR;sd ln~Hkkokus dfjrkr( eh lqokrsZlacaèkh izR;qRRkj ns.;kluseysyk vkgs gs vksG[kwu rs rh izhrhus dfjrkr( i.k brjvkgsr rs ek>h caèkus vfèkd ladVkph Ogkoh v'kk bPNsus rVikM.;kdfjrk nqtkHkkokus f[kzLrkph ?kk s"k.kk djrkr ¼fQfyIiS-1%15&17½-

izsf"kr ikSy Eg.krks dh f[kzLrh yksdkal ;ksX; xks"Vh pqdhP;kgsrwus dj.ks 'kD; vkgs- rks Eg.krks dh dkgh yksd opukpkizpkj djrkr&gs dj.ks ;ksX; vkgs&i.k rs LokFkhZ egRokdka{ksus]bZ";sZus vkf.k dygkus izsfjr vlrs-

eh eaMGhyk FkksMsls fyfgys( ijarq frP;keè;s vxzx.; gks.;kphykylk èkj.kkjk fn;=Qsl gk vkepk Lohdkj djhr ukgh ¼3;ksgku 1%9½-

fn;=Qsl eaMGhpk lHkkln gksrk T;kyk ekukps LFkkufeGfo.;kph bPNk gksrh- egRokps LFkku feGfo.;kP;k bPNsusizsfjr gksÅu] rks brj iq<kÚ;kfo"k;h eRljkus cksyw ykxyk] R;kus

7


vkfrF; dj.;kl ukdkj fnyk vkf.k brj iq<kÚ;kaps vkfrF;dj.;kph R;kus brjkal eukbZ dsyh- rks vlk O;Drh gksrk T;kusEgVys% ßeyk yksdkaiq<s fnlko;kps vkgs-Þ ßeyk izfl) Ogko;kpsvkgs-Þ ßeh rsFks iq<s mHkk jkgw bfPNrks-Þ ßek>s brjkauh ,sdkos-Þvkè;kfRed xks"Vh dj.ks 'kD; vkgs vkf.k rjhgh rs pqdhusizsfjr vlw 'kdrs- vkEgh ts djhr vkgksr rs dj.ks ;ksX; fnlrsEg.kwu vkEgh R;kps leFkZu d: 'kdr ukgh- vkeP;k izR;sdÑrhekxhy izsj.kk dk; vkgs gs ikg.;klkBh nso vkeP;kvar%dj.kkP;k xkHkkÚ;kpk 'kksèk ?ksrks-

iq"dG yksd nsokP;k opukph HkslG d:u rs fc?kMowu Vkdrkr-vkEgh R;kaP;klkj[ks ukgh] rj tls lkfRodi.kkus o nsokP;k}kjs cksykos rls vkEgh nsokle{k f[kzLrkP;k Bk;h cksy.kkjsvkgks ¼2 dfjaFk 2%17½-

ikSy Eg.krks dh] vls fdR;sd yksd vkgsr ts nsokP;kopukph HkslG djrkr- ßHkslGÞ dj.;kpk vFkZ ßO;DrhxrykHkklkBh nsokP;k opukph HkslG dj.ks-Þ Eg.kwu gs 'kD; vkgsdh dkgh yksd nsokP;k opukP;k HkslG;qDr vkoRRkhpk izpkjdjrkr] th R;kaP;k oS¸;fDrd dYiukauh] LokFkkZus MkxkGysyhvlrs- tj gs ikSykP;k dkGkr ?kMys] rj rs vkeP;k dkGkrghuDdh ?kMw 'kdrs! tsOgk vkEgh nsokP;k opukpk izpkj djrks]rsOgk vls dj.;klkBh vkEgkl vkeP;k gsrwaps j{k.k dsys

8


ts LokFkkZus tUeys vkgs R;kpk nso vfHk"ksd d: 'kdr ukgh-

ikfgts- rs oS ;fDrd ykHkklkBh dj.;kr vkys vkgs dk;\rs LokFkZiw.kZ egRodka{ksus dj.;kr vkys vkgs dk;\ rs egRoizkIr dj.;klkBh dj.;kr vkys vkgs dk;\ gh iz'us vkEghLor%l fopkj.;kph xjt vkgs-

LokFkkZP;k eqGkph izdVhdj.ks

vkeP;keè;s LokFkkZps ewG vkgs fdaok ukgh gs vkEgh dlsvksG[krks\ dèkhdèkh] vkEgh vls letrks dh vkEgh LolkBhiw.kZi.ks e:u pqdyks vkgksr] dsoG ;klkBh dh vkEghcÚ;kp dkGki;Zar miokl o izkFkZuk dsyh vkgs- vkEgh dkghfuf'pr vkè;kfRed f'kLrhaP;k ikyukoj voyacwu vlrksvkf.k R;k f'kLrhP;k ikyukus ewG gsrw [kjks[kj lkè; >kykvkgs fdaok ukgh ;kps ijh{k.k djko;kl pqdrks] gîkk mnkgj.kkr]LokFkkZps ewG nwj dj.;kckcr-

vki.k LokFkkZP;k eqGkP;k dkgh izdVhdj.kkaoj ppkZ d:;k- ;kr vkeP;k izoRrhrhy] fopkjkarhy vFkok vkpj.kkarhydkgh vfHkO;Drhapk lekos'k vkgs] T;k LokFkkZP;k eqGkpsn'kZd vkgsr- tj vkEgkl vkeP;k izoRrhar] fopkjkr vFkokvkpj.kkar gh izdVhdj.ks fdaok vkfo"dj.ks fnlwu vkyh] rjvkEgkyk izHkql gs fopkj.;kph xjt vkgs dh R;kus vkeP;kthoukr LoP;k vFkkZr LokFkkZP;k eqGk'kh dqÚgkM ?kkykoh-

Lor%l iq<s dj.ks ¼yksdkauh tk.kkos vkf.k ialr djkos ghbPNk½

tj ,[kk|k f[kzLrh O;DrhP;k eukr mRRke xk;d vFkok

9


mRRke lqokfrZd Eg.kwu vksG[kys tk.;kph bPNk vlsy] vkf.krks gîkk bPNsus izsfjr vlsy rj gs Lor%l iq<s dj.ks gks;- vki.kts dkgh djrks R;kr fuiq.k vlkos gh bPNk èkj.ks vkf.k R;keqGs[;kfr vFkok ekU;rk izkIr dj.;kph bPNk èkj.ks ;kr QdZvkgs- vkEgkl gs iz'u fopkj.;kph xjt vkgs] ßth dkes vkEghdjrks] rh vkEgh dk djrks\Þ ßdks.krh xks"V vkEgkyk [kjks[kjizsfjr djrs\Þ gs Qkj lksis iz'u vlrhy] ijarq vR;ar egRoiw.kZiz'u vkgsr- tj ,dk ok<R;k eaMGhP;k ikGdkus bPNk èkjyhdh R;kP;ktoG vusd gtkjks yksdkaph eaMGh vlkoh] rjR;kyk Lor%l gk iz'u fopkj.;kph xjt vkgs % ß[kjks[kjvkRE;kaps rkj.k Ogkos gh ek>h bPNk vkgs dk; fdaok R;kekxsLor%ps uko defo.;kph bPNk vkgs dk;\Þ tj ,[kk|kykopukpk izpkj dj.;kph bPNk vlsy] rj vkEgkl gk iz'udj.;kph xjt vkgs dh yksdkal opukiklwu Qk;nk OgkokEg.kwu rls dsys tkr vkgs vFkok ¼rs dj.;kps dkj.k½ R;kO;Drhyk eksBk lqokfrZd vFkok mins'kd Ogkos v'kh bPNkvkgs- R;k ekxhy ckc gh vkgs dh rh izsj.kk Lor%P;k ok<hphvkgs vFkok ¼R;kpk gsrw½ yksdkapk Qk;nk Ogkok v'kh vkgsvkf.k dsoG nsokyk xkSjo izkIr Ogkok v'kh R;kekxs [kjks[kjdGdG vkgs-

eh euq";kadMwu iz'kalk d:u ?ksr ukgh- ts rqEgh ,desdkadMwuiz'kalk d:u ?ksrk vkf.k tks ,dp nso R;kP;kdMwu iz'kalkd:u ?k s.;kph [kViV djhr ukgh] R;k rqEgkyk fo'oklBsork ;s.ks dls 'kD; vkgs\ ¼;ksgku 5%41]44½-

;s'kw R;kP;k dkGkrhy èkkfeZd iq<kÚ;kal mn~ns'kwu cksyr

10


gksrk vkf.k R;kaP;kdMs b'kkjk djhr gksrk dh rs ,desdkadMwueku feGfo.;kl mRlqd gksrs vkf.k nsokdMwu izkIr gks.kkÚ;kxkSjokph R;kauk pkM uOgrh- vkEgkl v'kk fBdk.kh ;s.;kphxjt vkgs] tsFks ;s'kwizek.ks] vkEgkyk euq";kadMwu eku feGfo.;kphxjt Hkklw u;s- tj vkEgh Lor%'kh izekf.kd vlw] rj vkEgkykdGwu ;sbZy dh] vkeP;kiSdh Qkj deh yksd [kjks[kj vlsdjhr vlY;kpk nkok d: 'kdrkr! ;kiq<s vkEgh ;k xks"Vhphrek ckGxrk dkek u;s dh yksd vkeph iz'kalk vFkok Lrqrhdjrkr dk;- R;k,soth] vkeph bPNk dsoG gh vlyh ikfgtsdh nsokdMwu izkIr gks.kkjk eku feGfo.;kpk vkEgh iz;Rudjkok- vki.k dsoG nsokl xkSSjo ns.;kP;k vkf.k yksdkaP;kxjtk iqjfo.;kP;k ,deso gsrwus izpkj djkok] xhr xkos vFkoklsok djkoh] vkf.k euq";kadMwu eku feGfo.;kph bPNk èkjrkdkek u;s- vkEgh tk.krks dh tsOgk euq";kaP;k iz'kalsis{kk LoxkZphokgokgh vkEgkl vfèkd ekSY;oku okVrs] rsOgk vkEgh LokFkkZiklwueqDr vlrks- tsOgk vkeph bPNk dsoG nsokdMwu LrqrhfeGfo.;kph vlrs vkf.k euq";kadMwu leFkZu izkIr dj.;kP;kbPNssus dyafdr ulrs] rsOgk vkeph var%dj.ks 'kq) vlrkrvkf.k LokFkkZiklwu eqDr vlrkr-

tks vkiY;k eukps cksyrks] rks Lor%psp xkSjo ikgrks( ijarqvki.kkyk T;kus ikBfoys R;kps xkSjo tks ikgrks rks [kjk vkgso R;kP;keè;s vuhfr ukgh ¼;ksgku 7%18½-

vkEgkyk Lor%l gs fopkj.;kph xjt vkgs dh vkEghdks.kkpk xkSjo 'kksèkr vkgksr & nsokpk fdaok Lor%pk\ tsOgk

11


vkEgh lsod] eaMGîkk] lsoklaLFkk vFkok f[kzLrh la?kVuk ;kukR;kus ?kks"k.kk djrks vFkok tkfgjkrh nsrks] rsOgk vkEgh vR;arlkoèk vlys ikfgts dh vkEgh Lor%l iq<s djrk dkek u;s]ijarq izHkq ;s'kw f[kzLrkps xkSjo djkos- vFkkZr] ekU;rslkBh vkf.kbrj dk;ns'khj gsrwalkBh uko vko';d vkgs] i.k gs rF;dcwy dj.ks egRokps vkgs dh vkepk gsrw Lor%l iq<s dj.;kpkulkok- tsOgk vki.k Lor%fo"k;h] LokFkkZus izsfjr gksÅu cksyrks][;kfr feGfo.;kpk iz;Ru djrks vkf.k euq";kaph Lrqrh izkIrd: bfPNrks] rsOgk vkEgh Lor%ps xkSjo 'kksèk.;kpk iz;Rudjrks- tsOgk vkEgh [kjks[kj QDr nsokps] vkf.k dsoG R;kpsxkSjo dj.;kpk iz;Ru djrks] rsOgk vkeph var%dj.ks 'kq)vlrkr vkf.k vkeP;kBk;h vèkeZ vk<Gwu ;sr ukgh-

Eg.kwu rqEgh [kkrk] firk fdaok ts dkgh dfjrk rs loZ nsokP;kxkSjoklkBh djk ¼1 dfjaFk- 10%31½-

Lor%l iq<s dj.ks vkt f[kzLrh lsosrgh loZ= izpfyr vkgs-yksd R;kaph ukos vFkok R;kaP;k lsoklaLFkkaph ukos izdkf'krd:u jk=Hkjkr ukeoar gks.;kl mRlqd vlrkr- vkeP;kfujh{k.kkl ;srs dh yksd LokFkkZP;k fdrhrjh 'kksèkkr vkgsr]ikGd LièkkZ djhr vkgsr dh dks.k tkLr vfHkf"kDr vkgsr]lsoklaLFkk vkiY;k ekykpk foØhok< dk;ZØe dj.;kP;k iz;Rukrvkgsr- vk.k[kh cjsp dkgh- LokFkZ ltho vkf.k ojp< vlY;kpsfnlwu ;srs- v'kh osG vkyh vkgs dh vki.k Fkkacwu vkf.kizkekf.kdi.ks vkeP;k var%dj.kkaps ewY;ekiu djkos- vki.k[kjks[kj nsokdMwu izkIr gks.kkÚ;k lUekukP;k 'kksèkkr vkgksr dkvFkok Lor%l iq<s nkeV.;kP;k iz;Rukr xqaryks vkgksr] dh

12


vkeP;ktoG vkRE;kph lkSE; dkum?kkM.kh ,sdwu ?ks.;klkBhosGgh ukgh fdaok laosnu'khyrkgh ukgh\ ts dkgh vkEgh djrksrs dsoG nsokl xkSjo ns.;kP;k gsrwus dsys xsys ikfgts-

LokFkhZ egRokdka{kk ¼nsoklkBh eksBîkk xks"Vh lkè; dj.kkjkvlk dks.kh cu.;kph bPNk èkj.ks½

gîkko:u f[kzLrkP;k Bk;h dkgh vk'oklu] izhrhps dkghlkRou] vkRE;kph dkgh lgHkkfxrk] dkgh dGoGk o d:.kkgh tj vkgsr] rj rqEgh lefpRRk Ogk] Eg.kts ,desdkaojlkj[khp izhfr djk vkf.k ,dtho gk sÅu ,dfpRRk Ogk(v'kkizdkjs ek>k vkuan iw.kZ djk- rV ikM.;kP;k vFkok iksdGMkSy fejo.;kP;k cq)hus dks.khgh vkiysp fgr ikgw udk] rjyhursus ,desdkauk vki.kkis{kk Js"B ekuk( rqEgh dks.khgh vkiyspfgRk ikgw udk] rj nqlÚ;kpsgh ikgk ¼fQfyIiS- 2%1&4½-

ikSy vkEgkl lkoèk djrks dh vkeP;k LokFkZiw.kZ egRodk{ksusvkEgh dkghgh djrk dkek u;s- rFkkfi ;ko:u gs lwfpr gksrsdh nsoklkBh LokFkhZ egRokdka{ksus izsfjr gksÅu dkes dj.ks 'kD;vkgs- gîkk vFkkZus LokFkhZ egRodka{kk gh dsoG nsoklkBh eksBîkkxks"Vh lkè; dj.kkjk O;Drh Eg.kwu vksG[kys tk.;kph izcGbPNk vkgs- nsoktoG vkeP;kiSdh izR;sdklkBh vn~Hkqr ;kstukvkgs- R;kph bPNk vkgs dh iFohoj vkEgh R;kP;k jkT;kphmyFkkikyFk dj.kkjs cukos- i.k R;kP;k jkT;klkBh vkeP;k loZiz;Rukar] tj vkepk gsrw R;kyk fo[;kr dj.;k,soth] Lor%psuko defo.ks vlsy] rj vkEgh LokFkhZ egRokdka{ksus izsfjrvkgksr vls Eg.kkos ykxsy- vkeph izsj.kk yksdkaph lsok gksr

13


vlysyh ikg.;kph izkekf.kd bPNk vlyh ikfgts] ex R;kalvkeph ukos vkf.k vkEgh dks.k vkgksr gs ekghr vlks ok ulks-tj loZ xks"VhaP;k varh ^Lo* gk ^vfèkuk;d* vlsy rj] LokFkhZegRokdka{kk gh izsjd vkgs & f[kzLrkph izhfr uOgs-

,d egRokpk iz'u fopkjkoklk okVrks] ßekÖ;k LoIukarvkf.k n"Vkarkr] ^vfèkuk;d* vFkok ghjks dkSu vkgs\Þ nsofdaok eh\ vki.k fdrhnk rjh yksdkal gh lk{k nsrkauk ,sdysvkgs] ßeh izkFkZuk dsyh vkf.k rs cjs >kys!Þ Hkj cjs dj.kkÚ;knsok,soth ^eh* oj vlrks vkf.k R;kP;kokpwu vkeph dks.krhghizkFkZuk dkekph ukgh- xkSjo izkIr dj.kkjk izkFkZusps mRrj ns.kkÚ;knsok,soth] rks O;Drh Bjrks T;kus izkFkZuk dsyh- vki.k eksBeksBîkklqokrkZlHkkaps vk;kstu d: 'kdrks] i.k R;kekxhy izsj.kk LokFkhZegRokdka{kk vlsy] rj R;k lHksus ijes'oj nso izlUu gksr ukghdkj.k ts nsgLoHkkokr vkgsr rs nsokyk izlUu d: 'kdrukghr- yksd rjhgh opukoj fo'okl d: 'kdrkr vkf.k v'kklHkkar vk'khokZn izkIr d: 'kdrkr dkj.k nso usgehp R;kps opuiw.kZ djko;kl tkx:d vlrks ¼f;eZ;k 1%12½- vkf.k Eg.kwu tsopu cksyys xsys vkgs R;kP;k}kjs] nso yksdkaP;k thoukar R;kphiq"Vh djhy- rFkkfi] fiR;kP;k ukokr R;kP;k var%dj.kkiklwu umn~Hko.kkjhvusd vn~Hkqr dk;sZ dj.;kis{kk fiR;kph bPNk iw.kZ dj.ksvfèkd egRokps vkgs ¼eRRk; 7%21&23½-

14


vkEgh tk.krks dh tsOgk euq";kaP;k iz'kalsis{kk LoxkZph okgokghvkEgkl vfèkd ekSY;oku okVrs] rsOgk vkEgh LokFkkZiklwu eqDrvlrks- tsOgk vkeph bPNk dsoG nsokdMwu Lrqrh feGfo.;kphvlrs vkf.k euq";kadMwu leFkZu izkIr dj.;kP;k bPNssus dyafdrulrs] rsOgk vkeph var%dj.ks 'kq) vlrkr vkf.k LokFkkZiklwueqDr vlrkr-

tls ikSy f'kdforks] LokFkhZ egRodka{kspk bykt vkgs uezvar%dj.k ckGx.ks vkf.k brjkal Lor%is{kk pkaxys let.ks-vkEgkyk brjkal vfèkd ekU;rk ns.;kph xjt vkgs vkf.kR;kaps fgr d'kkr vkgs gs ikg.;kph xjt vkgs & R;kaps Qk;ns]R;kaps dY;k.k vkf.k R;kaps vk'khokZn-

Lokoyacu ¼ifo= vkRE;koj voyacwu jkg.;k,soth Lor%ojvoyacwu jkg.ks½

dkj.k ts vki.k nsokP;k vkRE;kus lsok dj.kkj s] f[k zLr;s'kwfo"k;h vfHkeku ckGx.kkjs o nsgkoj Hkjoalk u Bso.kkjs]rs vki.k lqark >kysysp vkgks ¼fQfyIiS 3%3½-

rj ex vkrkiklwu vkEgh dks.kkyk nsgn"Vîkk vksG[kys gksrsrjh vkrk gîkkiq<s R;kyk rls vksG[khr ukgh ¼2 dfjaFk 5%16½-

Eg.kwu ek.klkfo"k;h dks.kh vfHkeku ckGxw u;s] dkj.k loZdkghrqeps vkgs ¼1 dfjaFk 3%21½-

^Lokoyacu* izHkqoj voyacwu jkg.;k,soth Lor%oj fdaoknqlÚ;kaoj voyacwu jkg.ks- cjspnk] vki.k vkiys f'k{k.k] vuqHko]ik=rk vkf.k dkS'kY;kaeqGs LosPNsus ,[kkns dke gkrh ?ksrks-vkEgkyk Lor%P;k ik=rsr fo'okl vlrks vkf.k vkEgh udGrpfopkj djrks] ßtjh nso ek>h enr djhr ulyk] rjhgh eykukSdjh feGw 'kdrs-Þ vFkkZr] vkEgh gs cksywu nk[kor ukgh!rj] vkEgh ;ksX; vkè;kfRed foèkkuka}kjs vkiY;k Lokoyackojlkoèki.ks ika?k:u ?kkyr vlrks-

izsf"kr ikSykizek.ks] yksd nsgLoHkkokr dks.k vkgsr gs

15


ikg.;k,soth rs vkRE;kr dks.k vkgs gs ikgko;kl vkEghf'kdys ikfgts- yksdkatoG dk; vkgs vFkok rs LokHkkfod{ks=kr dls fnlrkr R;k}kjs vki.k yksdkaps ewY;ekiu djhrukgh- rFkkfi] f[kzLrh txkr lkekU; izFkk gh vkgs dh vki.kcjspnk yksdkal ßnsgLoHkkokuqlkjÞ tk.k.;kpk iz;Ru djrks-vki.k xqIri.ks v'kk yksdka'kh lacaèk LFkkiu dj.;kph bPNkèkjrks T;kapk yksd vknj djrkr] gîkk vk'ksus dh rs vkEgklthoukr vkf.k lsosr ßmapforhy-Þ

gh ;sFks Hkkjrkrhy vkeP;k eaMGîkkar lkekU; xks"V ukghdk;\ vki.k fons'kh yksdkaP;k 'kksèkkr vlrks] R;kauk yxspvklukoj clforks] R;kauk [kq'k djrks vkf.k R;kaph loZ laidZekfgrh izkIr d:u ?ksrks! vkEgh xqIri.ks gh vk'kk djrks dh gklacaèk fons'k tk.;kps fuea=.k izkIr dj.;kph laèkh Bjsy-vkeP;kiSdh toGtoG loZt.k dèkhudèkh rjh vls dj.;kpknks"kh vkgs- i.k ikSy vkEgkl psrkouh nsrks dh nsgLoHkkokuqlkjyksdkapk eku lUeku djrk dkek u;s- vkEgh izR;sdkl lekufjR;kokxfoys ikfgts & R;kaP;k jk"Vªh;RokP;k] inkP;k] o.kkZP;kvkèkkjs uOgs-

tj ijes'oj nso gs lacaèk ?kMowu vk.khr ukgh vkf.k vkEgh;'k laiknukP;k vkiY;k Lor%P;k oS;fDrd bPNsus R;kapk'kksèk ?ksr fQjrks] rj vkEgh vkiY;k LokoyackP;k {ks=kr okojrvkgksr & vkEgh vkiY;k Lor%P;k o brjkaP;k O;fDrxr{kersoj voyacwu vkgksr- gs ^nsgLoHkkokoj* voyacwu jkg.ksgks; vkf.k gs nsokl izlUu dj.kkjs ukgh-

16


rqEgh ekÖ;keè;s jkgk vkf.k eh rqEgkaeè;s jkghu- tls QkVkosykr jkfgY;kokpwu R;kyk vkiY;kvki.k QG nsrk ;sr ukghrls ekÖ;keè;s jkfgY;kokpwu rqEgkykgh nsrk ;s.kkj ukgh-ehp osy vkgs] rqEgh QkVs vkgk( tks ekÖ;keè;s jkgrks vkf.keh T;kP;keè;s jkgrks rks iq"dG QG nsrks] dkj.k ekÖ;kiklwuosxGs vlY;kl rqEgkyk dkgh dfjrk ;sr ukgh ¼;ksgku 15%4]5½-

izHkqokpwu] vkEgh dkghgh d: 'kdr ukghdk;Z djko;klvkEgh v{ke vkgksr vls ukgh- vFkkZr] vkeP;kiSdh vusdt.k vkiY;k Lor%P;k ik=rsP;k cGkoj vusd xks"Vh lkè;d: 'kdrkr- rFkkfi] f[kzLrkokpwu vki.k nsokP;k n"VhusegRokP;k xks"Vh lkè; djko;kl leFkZ Bj.kkj ukgh] v'kkxks"Vh T;k lkoZdkfydn"Vîkk LFkk;h vkgsr-

Lo&j{k.k ¼Lor%ps thou vR;ar fiz; ys[k.ks½

vkEgk lokZatoG Lo&j{k.kkpk gk xq.k tUekiklwup vlrkstks nsokus fnysyk vkgs vkf.k t:jh vkgs- vki.k jgnkjhP;kekxkZoj LoSj èkkor ukgh vFkok ?kjkP;k Nijko:u mMh ekjrukgh & dsoG ;klkBh dh vki.k thoukl ekSY;oku letrks]fo'ks"ksd:u Lor%ps- rFkkfi] nsokP;k vkKsps ikyu dj.;kiklwuLor%l jks[k.ks gs èkksdknk;d vkgs- tj vkEgh vkiY;k laj{k.kklvkeP;k thoukaojhy nsokP;k ikpkj.kkis{kk vfèkd Js"B LFkkunsrks vkf.k rs vkEgkl vkKkikyu dj.;kP;k ekxkZr vM[kG.kvk.krs] rj vki.k vkè;kfRedfjR;k èkksdknk;d fLFkrhr vkgksr-gs LokFkkZP;k eqGkps izdVhdj.k gks; vkf.k rs u"V dj.ks vxR;kpsvkgs- nsokP;k vkKsP;k ikyukps eksy nsÅu Lor%P;k thoukps]

17


inkps] laiRrhps vFkok [;krhps j{k.k dj.;kph bPNk èkj.ksvFkok fo'oklkps ikÅy iq<s Vkd.;kl vfuPNqd vl.ks gs ;kxks"Vhps Li"V n'kZd vkgs dh LokFkZ v|ki izcG vkgs vkf.kR;kl rksaM ns.;kph xjt vkgs-

i.k vkrk ikgk] eh var;kZeh c) gksÅu ;:'kysesr tkrvkgs- rsFks eyk dk; dk; gksbZy rs ekghr ukgh( dsoG brdsdGrs dh] caèkus o ladVs ek>h okV ikgr vkgsr( gîkkfo"k;hifo= vkRek eyk uxjksuxjh lk{k nsr vkgs- eh rj vkiY;kizk.kkph fdaer ,o<hlq)k djhr ukgh] gîkklkBh dh] ehvkiyh èkko vkf.k n s sokP;k Ñisph lqokrk Z fuf'prkFkk Zu slkax.;kph th lsok eyk izHkq ;s'kwiklwu izkIr >kyh vkgs rh'ksoVkl U;koh ¼izsf"krkaph ÑR;s 20%22&24½-

mnkgj.kkFkZ] vki.k c¡xyksj 'kgjkrhy ,dk r:.kkpk fopkjd: ;k] tks nsokoj izhrh djrks- vki.k vls xfgr èk: ;k dhgîkk r:.kkl vesfjdspk izokl dj.;kph] mRre f'k{k.kfeGfo.;kph vkf.k vkiY;k O;kolkf;d thoukr ;'kLohgks.;kph laèkh ykHkyh- R;kps loZ dkgh lqjGhr pkyys vkgs &mRre uksdjh vkgs] jkgko;kl lqanj tkxk vkgs vkf.k R;kpsyXu >kY;koj rks rsFks LFkk;h gks.kkj vkgs- ;sFks Hkkjrkr] R;kpsvkbZoMhy vkf.k vktksck lokZauk R;kP;k gîk ;'kkpk vfHkekuvkgs- vkrk gîkk {k.kh] R;kyk letwu ;sr vkgs dh nso R;kykHkkjrkrhy ,[kk|k fBdk.kh ijr tko;kl vkf.k nsokP;k jkT;klkBhdkghrjh djko;kl ekxZn'kZu djhr vkgs- ex gk r:.k iq#"kR;kP;k thoukrhy ,dk vR;ar egRoiw.kZ {k.kkizr ;sÅu iksgkspykvkgs- R;kyk gk fu.kZ; ?;kok ykxsy dh rks nsokP;k vkKsps

18


ikyu dj.kkj vkgs vFkok Lor%pk ekxZ voyac.kkj vkgs- tjrks vesfjdsr jkg.;kpk fu.kZ; ?ksrks & dkj.k R;kl rks vkthoudkGph laèkh letrks] th R;kus gkrph ok;k tkÅ nsrk dkeku;s & rj gs vkRe&j{k.kkeqGs nsokP;k vkKspk ukdkj dj.ksBjsy- rFkkfi] tj gk r:.k iq#"k vesfjdsr R;kyk ts dkghykHkys vkgs rs lksMwu nsrks & R;kps ;'k] lq[k] laiknu] vkf.k[;krh & vkf.k Hkkjrkr ijr ;sÅu vkf.k nsokus R;kyk tsdkgh djko;kl ikpkj.k dsys vkgs rs dj.;klkBh ikÅympyrks] rj gs Lor%lkBh ej.ks Bjsy! ;keqGs nso vR;ar izlUugksbZy!

eh rqEgkyk [kfpr [kfpr lkaxrks] xOgkpk nk.kk tfeuhriMwu esyk ukgh rj rks ,dVkp jkgrks] vkf.k esyk rj iq"dGihd nsrks- tks vkiY;k ftokoj izhfr dfjrks rks R;kyk eqdsy]vkf.k tks gîkk txkr vkiY;k ftokpk }s"k dfjrks rks R;kpslkoZdkfyd thouklkBh j{k.k djhy ¼;ksgku 12%24]25½-

^Lo&j{k.k* vFkok vkRej{k.kkpk vFkZ gk vkgs dh vki.kLor%ps j{k.k djrks & vkiY;k Lor%P;k thoukaps- tsOgkvki.k vls djrks] rsOgk vki.k ,dVs vlrks- vkRe&j{k.k R;kQynk;drsP;k vkf.k cgqxq.kukP;k ekxkZr vMFkGk vk.krs T;kphnsokl vkeP;k thoukr bPNk vkgs- vkRe&j{k.kklkBh vkephbPNk & nsokP;k vkKsps ikyu dj.;kph fdaer pqdowu vkiY;kthoukaps j{k.k dj.ks & vkEgkl cgqxqf.kr gks.;kiklwu vkf.knsokP;k jkT;klkBh Qyoar gks.;kP;k ekxkZr vM[kG.k vk.khy-tsOgk vkEgh Lor%lkBh e:] rsOgk vkEgh Qyoar gksÅ-

19


mnkgj.kkFkZ] vkeP;k f[kzLrh lsosr] nsokus vykSfdd {ks=krvkepk mi;ksx djkok ;klkBh vkEgkyk Lor%P;k [;krhlkBhejkos ykxsy vFkok R;kl eqdkos ykxsy- ftrD;kank vkEghLor%yk vkRE;kP;k Lokèkhu djrks] Hkfo";ok.khr vFkokvkRE;kP;k Ñiknkukar dk;Z dj.;klkBh] rsOgk vkEgh LolkBhejrks- fo'oklkps ikÅy iq<s Vkd.;klkBh vkEgkyk LolkBhej.;kph xjt vkgs- vki.k iw.kZi.ks ifo= vkRE;koj voyacwuvkgksr- vkEgh vkiyh [;krh èkksD;kr Vkdr vkgksr dkj.ktj vki.k pwd dsyh] rj [kksVk lans"Vk gs uko feG.;kpk èkks[kkvkgs! rFkkfi] Loyk cktwyk Bso.;klkBh] ckgsj ikÅyVkd.;klkBh] vkf.k vkRE;keè;s okoj.;klkBh fo'oklkph xjtvkgs- vkeP;k}kjs R;kph Ñiknkus izokfgr Ogkoh Eg.kwu] nsokP;kyksdkaP;k xjtk iqjfork ;kO;k Eg.kwu R;kl laèkh ns.;klkBhfo'oklkph xjt Hkklrs- vkRE;keè;s izokfgr gks.;klkBh Lor%lej.ks vko';d vkgs- vkRe&j{k.kkph izoRrh ifj.kker% ifo=vkRek vkeP;klkBh T;k xks"Vhph bPNk èkjrks R;kl e;kZfnrdjrs-

20


tsOgk vkEgh LokFkkZus izsfjr gksÅu cksyrks] rsOgk vkEghLor%ph [;krh dk;e dj.;kpk vkf.k euq";ka}kjs iz'kalkizkIr dj.;kpk iz;Ru djhr vlrks] vkEgh Lor%ps xkSjo'kksèkr vlrks- tsOgk vki.k [kjks[kj nsokl xkSjo ns.;kpkvkf.k dsoG R;kyk xkSjo ns.;kpk iz;Ru djrks] rsOgkvkeph var%dj.ks 'kq) vlrkr vkf.k vkeP;kBk;hdqBykgh vèkeZ fnlwu ;sr ukgh-

Lor%l nhu dj.ks ¼tsOgk vkEgh Lor%l nhu djrks rsOgkvkEgkl cjs okVrs½

LoP;k Hkkousps vFkok LokFkZHkkousps nqljs izdVhdj.k tsvkEgh lkafxrysY;k LokFkkZP;k iwohZP;k rhu izdVhdj.kkP;kFkksMîkkQkj foijhr vkgs] rs vkgs Lor%l nhu&ghu nk[kfo.ks-uezrk vR;ar vko';d vkgs- rFkkfi uezrsps ,d vls Lo:ivkgs ts [kÚ;k uezrslkj[ks fnlrs] i.k R;kpk tUe LokFkkZrwu>kysyk vlrks- ;kyk vki.k ^Lor%l nhu dj.ks* Eg.krks &tsOgk yksd Lor%l ghu ysf[krkr rsOgk R;kP;k eukr mRiUugks.kkjh Hkkouk- tsOgk rs Lor%fo"k;h uezi.ks cksyrkr] xjhcvlY;kcn~ny] dfu"B vlY;kcn~ny cksyrkr] rsOgk R;kaukcjs okVrs- R;kauk okbZV okVrs gs R;kauk cjs okVrs! R;kauk okVrsdh gk uezi.kk vkgs vkf.k ;klkBh nso R;kapk Lohdkj djrks!mnkgj.kkFkZ] tsOgk vkEgh xkf;ysY;k mRre xhrkalkBh vkepsvfHkuanu dsys tkrs] rsOgk vkEgh xkÅ 'kdrks gîkk lR;kpkukdkj dj.;k,soth] rs vfHkuanu Lohdkj dj.;kl vkf.k rhiz'kalk nsokyk ns.;kl vkEgkl leFkZ vl.;kph xjt vkgs! gh[kksVh uezrk Bjsy T;kr LokFkZ Hkjysyk vkgs- R;k,soth] vki.k'kkyhursus vfHkuanukpk Lohdkj dsyk ikfgts vkf.k nsokykxkSjo fnyk ikfgts- gh vkpj.kkph ;ksX; i)r Bjsy-

vkEgh Lor% dks.krhgh xks"V vki.k gksÅup Bjfo.;kl leFkZvkgks vls uOgs] rj vkeP;k vaxph ik=rk nsokdMwu vkysyhvkgs ¼2 dfjaFk 3%5½-

rjh eyk nsokiklwu izkIr >kysY;k ÑiseqGs eh rqEgkyk vkBo.k

21


nsÅu FkksMs cgqr vfèkd èkS;kZus fyfgys vkgs( rh Ñik v'khdh] eh ijjk"Vªh;kalkBh ;s'kw f[kzLrkpk lsod gksÅu nsokP;klqokrsZpk ;ktd Ogkos( v'kklkBh dh] ijjk"Vªh; gsp viZ.kifo= vkRE;kus 'kq) gksÅu ekU; Ogkos- gîkko:u nsokP;kxks"Vhlacaèkkus f[kzLr ;s'kwfo"k;h eyk vfHkeku okVrks- f[kzLrkusekÖ;k gkrwu u ?kMfoysys dkgh lkax.;kps èkkMl eh dj.kkjukgh( rj ijjk"Vªh;kauh vkKkikyu djkos Eg.kwu R;kus ekÖ;k'kCnkauh o Ñrhauh] fpUgsa o vn~Hkqrs gîkkaP;k lkeF;kZaus] ifo=vkRE;kP;k lkeF;kZaus ts ts ?kMfoys rsp eh lkaxrks( rs gs dh];:'kysesiklwu lHkksorh bYywfjdeki;Zar eh f[kzLrkph lqokrkZiw.kZi.ks lkafxryh vkgs ¼jksedjkl i= 15%15&19½-

vkEgkyk gh iw.kZ tk.kho vkgs dh vkeph i;kZIrrk nsokdMwu;srs] ijarq vkEgh uezrsph crko.kh djrk dkek u;s tsFks vki.kvkEgkl nsokus fnysyh leFkZrk] lalkèkus] Ñiknkus] ikpkj.ksvkf.k lsok dcwy djko;kl pqdrks- ikSy vlk O;Drh gksrk tksèkS;kZus cksyr vls vkf.k R;kyk ;k xks"Vhph tk.kho gksrh dhnsokus R;kyk vki.k lsod cuko;kl ikpkj.k dsys gksrs- nsokusR;kP;k}kjs dsysY;k xks"Vhafo"k;h rks vk<îkrsus cksyr gksrk- rksuezrsps [kksVs ik[kaM ?ksÅu okojr uOgrk-

eks'ksP;k LoHkkokar nksu pje xks"Vh gksR;k- tsOgk R;kus izFke%lq:okr dsyh] rsOgk R;kyk Lor%oj izpaM vkRefo'okl gksrk-QkjksP;k jktnjckjh izf'k{k.k feGfoY;keqGs] eks'ks ßHkk"k.kkar oÑrhar ijkØeh gksrk-Þ tsOgk R;kyk ekghr >kys dh nsokus bczhyksdkal felz ns'kP;k xqykehfxjhrwu lksMfo.;klkBh mHks dsysvkgs] rsOgk R;kus fopkj dsyk dh rks gs Lor%P;k cGkoj lkè;

22


d: 'kdrks- rks vkRefo'oklkus izsfjr gksÅu vkf.k Lor%ojHkjoalk Bsowu ¼izsf"krkaph ÑR;s 7%22&25½ ckgsj iMyk- nsokykrs nwj djkos ykxys vkf.k eks'ksyk 'ksoVh jkukr tkÅu jkgkosykxys- pkGhl o"kkZuarj] rks Lor%l brdk ß'kqnzÞ ys[kw ykxykdh nso R;kP;k}kjs ts djowu ?ksÅ bfPNr gksrk rs djko;kl rksr;kj gksbZuk vkf.k vki.k vleFkZ vlY;kph lcc rks lkaxwykxyk- R;kus nsokyk fouarh dsyh dh R;kus vk.k[kh dks.kkykikBokos- ;keqGs nso larIr >kyk ¼fuxZe 4%13]14½-

dèkh dèkh] uezrsph vkeph crko.kh nsokyk larIr d:'kdrs- vkEgh fopkj d: 'kdrks dh vkEgh uezi.kk nk[kohrvkgksr] i.k vkEgh nsokyk larIr djrks- nsokus ts vkEgkykfnys vkgs rs dcwy dj.;kph vkEgkyk xjt vkgs vkf.k vkEghuezrsps [kksVs lksax èk:u pkyrk dkek u;s- [kksVîkk uezrsP;keqGk'kh dqÚgkM ?kkyk vkf.k nsokoj fo'okl Bsok!

Lor%lkBh ej.ks & izsf"kr ikSykph lk{k

eh f[kzLrkcjkscj oèkLraHkkoj f[kGysyk vkgs( vkf.k gîkkiq<seh txrks vls ukgh] rj f[kzLr ekÖ;kBk;h txrks( vkf.kvkrk nsgkeè;s ts ek>s thfor vkgs rs nsokP;k iq=kojhyfo'oklkP;k ;ksxkus vkgs( R;kus ekÖ;koj izhfr dsyh o Lor%ykekÖ;kdfjrk fnys ¼xyrh 2%20½-

dkj.k eyk rj tx.ks gs f[kzLr vkf.k ej.ks gs ykHk vkgs¼fQfyIiS 1%21½-

rjh T;k xks"Vh eyk ykHkkP;k gksR;k R;k eh f[kzLrkeqGsgkuhP;k v'kk letyks vkgs ¼fQfyIiS 3%7½-

23


dkj.k f[kzLrkph izhfr vkEgkyk vko:u èkjrs- vkEgh vlsletrks dh] ,d lokZalkBh esyk rj loZ esys( vkf.k rkslokZalkBh gîkkdfjrk esyk dh] ts txrkr R;kauh iq<s Lor%dfjrkuOgs rj R;kaP;klkBh tks esyk o iqUgk mByk R;kP;kdfjrktxkos ¼2 dfjFk- 5%14]15½-

f[kzLrh gîkk ukR;kus] vkEgh vkrk ^Lo* lkBh txr ukgh-vki.k R;kP;klkBh txrks T;kus vki.kkoj izhrh dsyh vkf.kvki.kklkBh ej.k ikoyk- ^vkrk eh uOgs] rj f[kzLr ekÖ;kBk;htxrks* gk vkepk fo"k; vkgs- ;kpk vFkZ gk dh vki.k Loykcktwyk Bsoko;kl r;kj vkgksr & LokFkhZ egRodka{kk] LokFkhZbPNk] Lor%ph izxrh] vkRej{k.k bR;knh] vkf.k v'kk xks"Vhdj.;kph fuoM djrks T;k vkEgh djkO;k vls izHkqyk okVrs-

caèkqtugks] f[kzLr ;s'kw vkiyk izHkq gîkkP;k Bk;h eyk rqEgkfo"k;htks vfHkeku vkgs R;kyk Le:u eh izfrKsoj lkaxrks dh] ehjk st jkst ejrks- euq";LoHkkokizek.ks Eg.kko;kps rj bfQlkareh 'okinkcjkscj y<kbZ dsyh gîkkar eyk dk; ykHk\ esysysmBfoys tkr ukghr] ^rj pyk] vki.k [kkÅ] fiÅ dkj.km|k ejko;kps vkgs-* ¼1 dfjaFk 15%31]32½-

ikSy Eg.krks] ßeh jkst ejrks-Þ rks oèkLraHkkoj f[kGysys thoutxyk- gs [kjs gksrs dh R;kpk NG dj.kkÚ;kaeqGs njjkst R;kpsthou èkksD;kr gksrs vkf.k eR;wP;k toG gksrs- vkf.k rjhgh tsthou rks txyk] rs oèkLraHkkoj f[kGysys thou gksrs- Lops ej.kgs ,d osGph ?kVuk uOgs- vkEgkyk njjkst vkiyk oèkLraHkmpyko;kpk vkgs ¼ywd 9%23½- dkj.k tj vki.k rls djhrukgh] rj vki.k f[kzLrkps f'k"; B: 'kdr ukgh ¼ywd 14%27½-

24


oèkLraHk mpywu pky.;kpk vFkZ dk; vkgs\ dèkhdèkh vkepkoèkLraHk mpywu pky.;kfo"k;h cksyrkauk] yksd v'kk O;Drhpsfp= jaxforkr T;kus txkpk R;kx dsyk vkgs vkf.k vls thoutxr vkgs t.kwdkgh rks riLoh vlkok- ijarq ßoèkLraHkmpy.;kpkÞ lacaèk vkeP;ktoG ckgsj ts dkgh vkgs R;kP;k,sothvkEgh vkrwu ts dk; vkgksr ;kP;k'kh vkgs- oèkLraHk gsej.kkps LFkku vkgs- Lor%lkBh ej.ks- ,[kknk O;Drh dqBY;kghHkkSfrd lq[kkaokpwu >ksiM+hr jkgw 'kdrks] vkf.k rjhgh gV~Vh]Lor%pk erkus pky.kkjk] vkRedsanzh] LokFkhZ vfHkyk"kk iw.kZdj.kkjk vkf.k Lor%yk iq<s dj.;kpk iz;Ru dj.kkjk vlw 'kdrks-vls vlsy] rj gs [kjks[kj ßoèkLraHk mpywu pky.ksÞ uOgs-nqljk O;Drh pkaxY;k ?kjkr jkgw 'kdrks] pkaxyh dkj pkyow'kdrks vkf.k rjhgh Lor%lkBh [kjks[kj esysyk vlw 'kdrks-R;kpk LoHkko uez vkf.k LokFkkZiklwu eqDr vlw 'kdrks- Eg.kwußoèkLraHk mpy.;kpkÞ vkf.k ßLor%lkBh ej.;kpkÞ lacaèk nsoHkfDrvkf.k èkeZijk;.krk ;kaP;k ckgîk Lo:ikis{kk] vkEgh vkrwu tsdkgh vkgksr R;kP;k'kh vkgs-

dkj.k vkEgh vkiyh ?kks"k.kk djhr ukgh( rj f[kzLr ;s'kw gkizHkq vkgs v'kh vkf.k ;s'kwizzhR;FkZ vkEgh rqeps nkl vkgksv'kh Lor%ph ?kks"k.kk dfjrks ¼2 dfjaFk- 4%5½-

25


vkRe&j{k.kklkBh vkeph bPNk & nsokP;k vkKsps ikyu dj.;kphfdaer pqdowu vkiY;k thoukaps j{k.k dj.ks & vkEgkl cgqxqf.krgks.;kiklwu vkf.k nsokP;k jkT;klkBh Qyoar gks.;kP;k ekxkZrvM[kG.k vk.khy-

vki.k dks.kkph ?kks"k.kk djhr vkgksr] dks.kkl iq<s djhrvkgksr vkf.k dks.kkps xkSjo djhr vkgks\ vkeps fdaok ;s'kwps\loZp xks"VhaP;k varh] tj yksd ;s'kw,soth] vkeP;kcn~nycksyw ykxrkr] rj vkEgh [kjks[kj f[kzLrkpk izpkj dsysyk ukgh-tj yksd ;s'kwP;k toG ;s.;k,soth vkeP;kdMs vkÑ"V gksrvlrhy] rj vkEgh [kjks[kj f[kzLrkph lqokrkZ xktfoysyh ukgh-

jkstP;k thouk'kh gs leiZd dj.ks

?kjh irh o iRuh ;k ukR;kus

ftrD;kank vkEgh vkeps vfèkdkj R;kxrks] mnkgj.kkFkZ lsokfeGfo.;kpk vkepk gDd] vkeps ,sdwu ?ks.;kpk gDd &frrD;kank vkEgh LolkBh ejrks!

ekscnY;kr dqByhgh vis{kk u ckGxrk ns.;kph ;ksX;rk ok<hlyko.ks ¼ywd 6%30½-

lwM mxfo.;k,soth {kek dj.;kph ik=rk ok<fo.ks- iyVwuokj d: udk-

ekscnY;kr dlyhgh vis{kk u èkjrk izhrh dj.;kph ;ksX;rkvaxh ck.kk- vki.kkl vls Eg.krk ;kos dh] ßrw etoj izhrhdjhr ulyk] rjhgh eh rqtoj izhrh djrks-Þ gh [kjh vxkisizhrh vkgs! vxkis izhrh ;k xks"Vhoj voyacwu jkgr ukgh dhfrpk ßizhrhpk gkSnÞ fu;feri.ks Hkjkok- vxkis izhrhpk mxensokBk;h gksrks vkf.k R;kph dsoG ,dp ßizseHkk"kkÞ vlrs &ekscnY;kr dqByhgh vis{kk u djrk izse dj.;kps lkeF;Z-

26


vki.k dk; nsrk fdrh Li'kZ djrk] iz'kalsps 'kCn vFkokvlY;k dkgh xks"Vhaoj voyacwu ulrs! gîkk brj xks"Vh mRrevkgsr vkf.k dsY;k ikfgtsr] rjhgh y{kkr Bsok dh vkEgkyknsokleku izhfrr pkyko;kl ikpkj.k dj.;kr vkys vkgs!v'kk izdkjps izse ts ekscnY;kr dlyhgh vis{kk u djrk izhrhdjrs!

?kjh & vkbZoMhy ;k ukR;kus

vkEgh vkiyh LokFkhZ LoIus vkiY;k eqykaoj cGtcjhus yknrkdkek u;s- vkeP;ktoG nsokP;k ,sd.;kps /kS;Z vlys ikfgtsvkf.k vkiY;k eqykal R;kaP;k thoukojhy nsokps vf}rh;ikpj.k iw.kZ dj.;kl izksRlkgu fnys ikfgts- vkeP;k eqykaP;kthouka}kjs vkiyh LoIus iw.kZ dj.;kpk vki.k iz;Ru dj.;kphpwd djrk dkek u;s- gk LokFkZ Bjsy- vki.k vkiY;k eqykalR;kaP;k thoukalkBh nsokph LoIus iw.kZ dj.;kph laèkh nsÅ ;k-vkEgh vkiY;k eqyka}kjs ^nqljs* thou tx.;kpk iz;Ru d:u;s-

?kjh & eqys ;k ukR;kus

gV~Vh vkf.k caM[kksj gksÅ udk- vkKkikyu dj.ks f'kd.;k}kjsLolkBh ejko;kl r;kj vlk!

vkiY;k Lor%P;k xjtk vkf.k Hkkouk ;kar xqjQVwujkg.;k,soth vkiY;k vkbZofMykapk Hkkoukapk vkf.k xjtkapkfopkj djk!

27


'kkGsr@dkystkr ¼fd'kksj@fo'khrhy eqys½

vkiY;k tksMhnkjkalkscr izsekus okxk- lwM ?ks.;k,soth izse djkvkf.k {kek djk-

vk.k[kh dks.kklkBh rjh vkiyh laèkh lksMwu |k- rh laèkh chEg.kwu isjk vkf.k vkiY;k izfrQGklkBh nsokoj fo'okl Bsok!

dkekP;k fBdk.kh

vkiY;kp dYiukapk vkxzg dj.;k,soth vkèkhu gks.;kl f'kdw;k-

vki.k vkiys nks"k dcwy d: ;k- vki.k vls Eg.k.;kl fHkrkdkek u;s dh vkEgh pqdyks gksrks- vki.k {kek djko;kl èkS;Znk[kok- tsOgk vkEgh vkiY;k vagdkjkpk uk'k djrks] rsOgkvkEgh Lor%lkBh gtkj e`R;w ejrks-

eaMGhr

vkEgh in] Js"Brk vkf.k ekU;rslkBh eaMGhr ,desdka'kh LièkkZdjrk dkek u;s- ts dkgh vki.k djrks] rs vki.k fu%LokFkZlsodkP;k var%dj.kkus d: ;k- vki.k y{kkr Bsow ;k dh tjvki.k Lor%yk mapfo.;kpk iz;Ru dsyk] rj vki.k rqPN B:]i.k tj vkEgh Lor%yk uez dsys] rj vkEgh mapfoys tkÅ¼ywd 14%7&11½-

vkEgh Lor%yk] vkeph izfrHkk'kDrh] vkeph Ñiknkus]vfHk"ksd vFkok eaMGhrhy ikpkj.k ;kal iq<s nkeV.;kpk iz;Ru

28


djrk dkek u;s- vki.k ;s'kwps vkf.k ts dkgh vki.k cksyrksvkf.k djrks R;kr ;s'kwps xkSjo d: ;k-

brjkauh vkiys ,sdkos] vki.kkl ikgkos] ekU;rk |koh vkf.kLohdkj djkos] gh bPNk ek:u Vkdw ;k- Lor%P;k egRokphvkeph xjt vki.k ek: Vkdwu ;k- vkeP;k thoukP;k izR;sd{ks=kr nsokyk Js"BRo fnys tkos-

nsokus vykSfdd n"Vîkk vkepk mi;ksx djkok Eg.kwu vkEghvkiY;k izfl)hl esys ikfgts-

lsosr

T;k irhauk lsoslkBh ikpkj.k dj.;kr vkys vkgs R;kauh lkoèkvlys ikfgts dh R;kauh vkiY;k iRuhyk frP;k thoukojhyfrps ikpkj.k lksMwu lsosr R;kps vuqlj.k djko;kl cGtcjhdjrk dkek u;s] fo'ks"ksd:u tj R;kal lsosps ikpkj.k vlY;kpsokVr ulsy rj- vls dj.ks LokFkhZi.kkps Bjsy- R;k,soth]iRuhal R;kaP;k thoukaojhy nsokP;k ikpkj.kkps vuqlj.k dj.;kphlaèkh o izksRlkgu fnys tkos] tjh R;k O;kolkf;d txkrvlY;k rjhgh-

vkEgh T;kal HkkSfrd lq[kkaph lo; >kysyh vlrs] tsOgkxkokar lsok djko;kl ckgsj tkrks] rsOgk vki.k rsFks ns.;krvkysY;k lks;ha'kh tqGrs d:u ?ks.;kpk] lkeatL; lkèk.;kpkvkf.k lekèkkuh jkg.;kpk iz;Ru djkok- vki.k lq[kkph ekx.khdjrk dkek u;s- tjh vkeP;k 'kjhjklkBh gs dBh.k vlys]rjhgh LolkBh ej.;kph gh mRre laèkh Bjsy!

29


i'pkrki vkf.k LolkBh ej.ks

tjh vki.k nsokBk;h mPp {ks=kr izokl d: bfPNr vlyks]rjhgh vki.k izFke v'kk xks"Vhaiklwu nwj gks.;kpk iz;Ru djkokT;k vkEgkl rsFks tk.;kP;k ekxkZr vM[kG.k vk.khr vkgsr-vkEgh v'kk fLFkrhr ;sÅu iksgkspys ikfgts tsFks vkEgh Loiklwunwj >kysys vlkos- tj vkEgh LokFkkZr eqGkoysys jkgw] rjvki.k nsokl ;ksX; rs xkSjo nsÅ 'kd.kkj ukgh- ßEg.kts nsokleksjdks.khgh euq";kus vfHkeku ckGxw u;sÞ ¼1 dfjaFk- 1%29½-vki.k ckifrLek dj.kkÚ;k ;ksgkukleku cukos vkf.k vlsEg.kko;kl r;kj vlkos dh] ßR;kph of) Ogkoh o ek>k ÚgklOgkok gs vo'; vkgsÞ ¼;ksgku 3%30½- vki.k nsokl eqHkk|koh dh R;kus vkeP;k var%dj.kkP;k [kksy Hkkxkarhy fopkjikgkos vkf.k rikl ?;kok dh vkeph dkes LokFkkZus izsfjr rjukghr- ßgs nsok] ek>h >Mrh ?ksÅu ek>s ân; tk.k( eykdlksVhl ykowu ek>s euksxr tk.k- ekÖ;k Bk;h nq"Vi.kkdMsdkgh izo`Rrh vlsy rj ikgk( vkf.k eyk lukru ekxkZus pkyhoÞ¼Lrks= 139%23] 24½- vki.k vkiys gsrw riklwu ikgkos- tjvkiys gsrw Lor%ph ok<] LokFkhZ egRokdka{kk vFkok vkRej{k.k;karwu mn~Hkoys vlrhy] rj vki.k Lor%l Fkkacow ;k- vki.kvkeP;k thoukrhy LokFkkZP;k eqGkal nwj u djrk iq<s tk.;kpkiz;Ru ns[khy djrk dkek u;s- vki.k izHkql fouarh d: ;k dhR;kus vkeph var%dj.ks cnywu Vkdkoh-

vki.k LokFkk Zps ewG miV wu Vkdw ;k% vki.k vkiyspqdhps gsrw] Js"BRokph vkeph bPNk] LokFkhZ egRokdka{kk

30


vkf.k LokFkk Zpk ikBiqjkok ;kal oèkLraHkkoj f[kGkos-vki.k nsokleksj izkekf.kd vlw ;k vkf.k ifo= vkRE;kl laèkhnsÅ ;k dh R;kus vkeP;k thoukr 'kq)hdj.kkps l[kksy dk;Zdjkos-

izkFkZuk

fiR;k] eh dcwy djrks dh ek>s gsrw usgehp 'kq) uOgrs- v'khosG gksrh tsOgk Lor%yk iq<s dj.;kph eh bPNk èkjyh- v'khosG gksrh tsOgk eh dsoG rqÖ;k ekydhP;k xkSjokl Li'kZdsyk- v'kh osG gksrh tsOgk eh ekÖ;klkBh vlysY;k rqÖ;k;kstuk vkf.k gsrw ekU; djko;kl pqdyks vkf.k R;k,sothekÖ;k Lor%P;k LokFkhZ fgrkapk ikBiqjkok dsyk-

fiR;k] eh LokFkkZiklwu eqDr vls thou tx.;kph bPNk èkjrks-izHkq] eh izkFkZuk djrks dh rw ekÖ;keèkhy LokFkkZP;k eqGkoj okjdj- LokFkkZlkBh ej.;kr vkf.k rqÖ;klkBh tx.;kr ek>h enrdj-

ek>s gsrw 'kq) dj- eyk Ñik ns dh eh Lor%yk uez djkos] gstk.kwu dh rw ;ksX; osGh eyk mapfo'khy- eh euq";kaph iz'kalkfeGfo.;kpk iz;Ru djrk dkek u;s] rj dsoG rqÖ;k}kjs izkIrgks.kkjk eku feGfo.;kpk ;Ru djkok-

fiR;k] eh rq>s midkjLrou djrks dh rw rqÖ;k vkRE;k}kjseteè;s dk;Z djhr vkgsl- ;s'kwP;k ukokr] vkesu!

31


izdj.k 2

eRljkP;k eqGkoj dqÚgkMhpk okj^eRlj* ;k 'kCnklkBh nqljk 'kCn vkgs ^gsok-* thoukr dkghxks"Vh v'kk vlrkr T;k vkeP;klkBh Qkj èkksdknk;d vlw'kdrkr vkf.k R;kiSdh ,d xks"V vkgs eRlj- vkeP;kiSdhvusdkal gs letr ukgh dh gh leL;k fdrh xaHkhj vlw'kdrs- vkEgh dèkhdèkh R;kyk O;fDreRokph leL;k Eg.kwuVkGwu nsrks- rFkkfi] rh ;kis{kkgh eksBh leL;k vkgs vkf.kfrP;k'kh xaHkhji.ks O;ogkj dj.ks t:jh vkgs- gîkk izdj.kkr]vkEgh gs let.;kph bPNk èkjrks dh eRlj dk; vkgs] R;kpkxaHkhji.kk vkf.k R;kP;k'kh O;ogkj dlk djkok- nsokps opueRlj dk; vkgs gs Li"Vi.ks let.;kr vkeph enr djhy-vkEgkyk ifo= vkRE;kl laèkh |koh ykxsy dh R;kus gk eRljeqGkiklwu miVwwu dk<kok ts.ksd:u vkeP;kiSdh izR;sdkykR;kiklwu [kjks[kj Lora= gksrk ;kos-

nsgkph desZ rj m?kM vkgsr( rh gh tkjdeZ] v'kq)i.kk]dkekrqji.kk] ewfrZiwtk] psVds] oSj] dyg] eRlj] jkx] rV]QqVh] i{kHk sn] gsok] nk:ckth] jaxsyi.kk vkf.k v'kk brjxks"Vh( gîkkfo"k;h eh rqEgkyk iwohZ ts lkaxwu Bsoys gksrs rspvkrk lkaxwu Bsorks dh] v'kh desZ dj.kkÚ;kauk nsokP;k jkT;kpsoru feG.kkj ukgh ¼xyrh 5%19&21½-

eRlj vkf.k gsok ;k nksUgh xks"Vhapk ojhy opukr mYys[k

33


dj.;kr vkyk vkgs- tsOgk vkEgh okprks dh ts eRlj vkf.kgsok djrkr] R;kauk ßnsokP;k jkT;kps oru feG.kkj ukghÞ rsOgkvkEgkyk ;k xks"Vhapk xaHkhji.kk dGwu ;srks- gk Qkj xaHkhj fo"k;vkgs vkf.k Eg.kwu vkEgh R;kyk rksaM fnys ikfgts-

vkEgkyk loZ= eRljkl rksaM |kos ykxrs & HkkoaMkar] irhvkf.k iRuheè;s] ekyd] deZpkjh bR;knh- fe=kar vkf.k lkscR;karlq)k eRlj vlw 'kdrks- nsokP;k yksdkar vkf.k nsokP;k lsodkarlq)k] eaMGhr eRlj vk<Gwu ;srks-

eRljkl rksaM |kos ykxsy

dkj.k rqEgh vtwugh nSfgd vkgk( T;kvFkhZ rqeP;keè;s gsoko dyg vkgsr] R;kvFkhZ rqeP;keè;s gsok o dyg vkgsr] oekuoh jhrhus pkyrk dh ukgh\ ¼1 dfjaFk- 3%3½-

;sFks] ikSy vkRE;kus ;qDr] vU;kU; Hkk"kk cksy.kkÚ;k yksdkalmn~~ns'kwu cksyr vkgs & ts vkRE;keè;s okoj.ks tk.krkr &vkf.k R;kal ^nsg LoHkkokps* Eg.krks dkj.k R;kaP;kr gsok]dyg] vkf.k eRlj vkgs- gîkk yksdkaoj v|ki nsgLoHkkokphlRrk gksrh-

fdR;sd gsO;kus o oSjHkkokus f[kzLrkph ?kks"k.kk dfjrkr( vkf.kfdR;sd ln~Hkkokus dfjrkr( i.k brj vkgsr rs ek>h caèkusvfèkd ladVkph Ogkoh v'kk bPNsus rV ikM.;kdfjrk nqtkHkkokusf[kzLrkph ?kks"k.kk djrkr ¼fQfyIiS- 1%15]17½-

ikSy vkEgkyk lkaxrks dh f[kzLrkph ?kks"k.kk dj.;klkj[ksvkè;kfRed dk;Zlq)k eRljkus dsys tkÅ 'kdrs- tjh f[kzLrkph

34

eRljkP;k eqGkoj dqÚgkMhpk okj

lqokrkZ lkax.ks pkaxyh xks"V vkgs] rjhgh tsOgk rh eRljkus izsfjrvlrs rsOgk rh nsokP;k n"Vhr ;ksX; Bjr ukgh- vk.k[kh dks.khnwjn'kZu vkgs Eg.kwu eh ns[khy nwjn'kZuoj vlys ikfgts gsnwjn'kZuoj ;s.;kps ,[kk|k izpkjdkps ewG dkj.k vlsy] rjR;kpk gsrw pqdhpk vkgs- nsoklkBh mRlkgh vlrkaukgh vkf.kR;kP;k opukph ?kks"k.kk dj.;kph bPNk vlrkaukgh] tj gsrweRlj vlsy] rj gh xks"V Qkj èkksD;kph vkgs- eRlj vFkokgsok gs nsgkps dke vkgs vkf.k eRljkus izsfjr gksÅu ts dkghdsys tkrs & rs fdrhgh vkè;kfRed vlyss & rjh rs nsoklizlUu d: 'kdr ukgh dkj.k] jksedjkal i= 8%8 Eg.krs] ßtsnsgkP;k vèkhu vkgsr R;kauk nsokyk izlUu dfjrk ;sr ukgh-Þ

x.kuk 5%14 irh vkf.k iRuheè;s eRljkP;k vkRE;kfo"k;hcksyrs- ¼Eg.kwu] dèkh dèkh eRljkP;k vkRE;kus izsfjr vlY;keqGsR;kps ewG lSrkuh vlw 'kdrs-½

ck;cyeè;s eRlj

ck;cyeè;s eRljkph vusd mnkgj.ks vkgsr-

dkbZu vkf.k gkcsy

dkbZu vkf.k gkcsykps O;olk; osxosxGs gksrs- dkbZu 'ksrdjhgksrk] rj gkcsy esa<ikG gksrk- nks?ks izHkqlkBh viZ.k ?ksÅuvkysr- dkbZu Hkwehps mRiUu viZ.k Eg.kwu ?ksÅu vkyk vkf.kgkcsy viZ.k Eg.kwu izk.;kl ?ksÅu vkyk- izHkqus gkcsykP;kviZ.kkpk Lohdkj dsyk T;keqGs dkbZUkkP;k eukr eRlj mRiUu

35


>kyk- ck;cy Eg.krs dh dkbZu jkxkoyk vkf.k R;kpk eukrgsok mRiUu >kyk vkf.k ifj.kker% R;kus vkiY;k Hkkokpk oèkdsyk ¼mRifRRk 4%1&9½-

;kslsQ vkf.k R;kps HkkÅ

tjh ;kdksckyk 12 eqys gksrh] rjhgh rks ;kslsQkoj lokZr tkLrizhrh djhr vls] T;keqGs brj HkkÅ R;kpk gsok d: ykxys-vkbZofMykal gk b'kkjk vkgs dh R;kauh gîkk xks"Vhph [kk=hd:u ?;koh dh R;kauh vkiY;k eqyka'kh fu%i{kikrh orZudjkos] i{kikr d: u;s] dkj.k R;keqGs HkkoaMkar eRlj mRiUugksÅ 'kdrks- ;kdksckus ;kslsQklkBh jaxfcjaxh iks'kkd cufoyk-;kf'kok; ;kslsQkyk v'kh LoIus fnlyh T;kr R;kyk Hkfo";krfeG.kkjs ekukps LFkku R;kus ikfgys- ;k loZ xks"VhaeqGs ;kslsQkpsHkkÅ R;kpk vR;ar gsok d: ykxys] brds dh R;kauh R;kykek:u Vkd.;kps Bjfoys- nsokP;k gLr{ksikus] ;kslsQ felj ns'kkltkÅu iksgkspyk ¼mRifRRk 37%3]4]8( izsf"krkaph ÑR;s 7%9½-

'kkSy vkf.k nkohn

1 'keqosy 18%5&30 ;k opukar jktk 'kkSy vkf.k nkohn;kaP;kr mRiUu eRljkps o.kZu dsysys vkgs- nkohn QDr esaa<+ikGeqyxk gksrk] rjhgh R;kus nsokP;k enrhus xY;kFkkyk ekjys-tsOgk nkohn ;q)kP;k eSnkuko:u ijryk] rsOgk yksd nkohnvkf.k 'kkSy ;kaP;k iz'kalsps xhr xkÅ ykxys- rs Eg.kw ykxysdh 'kkSykus gtkjkal ekjys] i.k nkohnkus ngk gtkjkal ekjys-'kkSykyk gsok okVw ykxyk dkj.k yksdkauh nkfonkyk vfèkd eku

36


fnyk gksrk- 'kkSykP;k var%dj.kkr eRljkps gs ifgys cht gksrsT;keqGs rks v'kk fBdk.kh ;sÅu iksgkspyk tsFks nkfonkpk oèkdj.;kph bPNk R;kpk eukr mRiUu >kyh- 'kkSy nkfonkpk oèkdj.;kpk csr vk[kw ykxyk- R;kus nkfonkl R;kP;k lSU;kpklsukirh cufoys ts.ksd:u R;kus ;q)kr vk?kkMhoj jkgkos- nkfonkusekjys tkos ;kph [kk=h d:u ?ks.;klkBh] R;kus gtkj ify"Vîkkal?kkr dj.;kP;k ekscnY;kr vkiyh dU;k nsÅ dsyh-

dkgh yksdkal R;kaP;k dkekP;k fBdk.kh eRljkyk rksaM |kosykxrs- T;k eWustjiq<s R;kauk tkos ykxrs rks R;kaP;k thoukrßjktk 'kkSyÞ vlw 'kdrks- eWustjyk vlqjf{kr okVrs dh R;kP;kgkrk[kkypk deZpkjh mRre dke djrks vFkok R;kyk HkhrhokVrs dh R;kP;k gkrk[kkypk deZpkjh R;kP;kis{kk tkLr dkedjhy- ifj.kker% eWustjP;k eukr gsok mRiUu gksrks- R;kpkifj.kke Eg.kwu] eWustj bZ";sZus vFkok mn~nkei.ks okxw ykxrks]R;kP;k gkrk[kkyhy deZpkÚ;kP;k eukr iz'u mRiUu gksrks]R;kus dk; pwd dsyh vlkoh-

1 'kewosy 18 eè;s] vki.k okjaokj ikgrks dh nkohncqf)eRrsus okxyk- R;kus lwM ?ksryk ukgh vFkok 'kkSykykR;kph tkxk nk[kowu ns.;kph xjt R;kyk Hkklyh ukgh- R;k,sothrks cqf)eRrsus okxyk vkf.k nsokus gLr{ksi dsyk vkf.k R;kP;kifjfLFkrhdMs y{k fnys- tj vkiY;k dkekP;k fBdk.kh vki.kkleRljkl rksaM |kos ykxr vlsy] rj lwM u ?ks.ks gs cqf)eRrspsBjsy- 'kgk.ki.kkus okxkos- nso gLr{ksi djhy & rks vo';gLr{ksi djhy!

37


eRljkl rkssaM ns.ks

eRljkl rksaM ns.;kpk iz;Ru dj.;kiwohZ] vki.k ifgys gs dcwydsys ikfgts dh vkeP;k var%dj.kkr eRlj jkgrk dkek u;s-vkeP;kiSdh cgqrsd yksd vkiyk gsok vFkok eRlj yiforkr-mnkgj.kkFkZ] tj ,[kknk fe= vkEgkyk lkaxrks dh R;kus ,dfo'ks"k izdkjph dkj ?ksryh vkgs th vkEgkyk okVrs dhvkeP;kis{kk mRre vkgs] rj vkEgkyk FkksMk gsok okVw ykxrks-gs dcwy dj.ks ;ksX; Bjsy dh vkeP;k eukr eRlj vkgs vkf.kvkEgh rks vls Eg.kwu yifo.;k,soth R;kxyk ikfgts dh]ßnsokph Lrqrh vlks] HkkÅ!Þ vkEgh eukiklwu vls Eg.kr ulwvFkok [kjks[kj R;kP;kcjkscj vkuafnr gksr ulw- vkeP;klkBhR;k udkj Hkkousrwu ckgsj iM.ks egRokps vkgs- udkjk}kjs eRljkphHkkouk yifo.ks R;k leL;sl lacksfèkr dj.;kr vkeph enrdj.kkj ukgh- R;k,soth] vkEgh nsokleksj izkekf.kd vlysikfgts- vkEgh nsokl fouarh d: 'kdrks dh R;kus eRljkiklwuvkEgkl lqVdk ns.;kr enr djkoh vkf.k rks rls djhy-rFkkfi tj vkEgh udkjkRed Hkkousr okxr jkfgyks] rj R;k}kjsvkEgh nsokl gLr{ksi dj.;kps nkj can d: vkf.k rks vkephenr d: 'kdr ukgh-

38


eRlj vFkok gsok gs nsgkps dke vkgs vkf.k eRljkus izsfjr gksÅu tsdkgh dsys tkrs & rs fdrhgh vkè;kfRed vlyss & rjh rs nsoklizlUu d: 'kdr ukgh dkj.k] jksedjkal i= 8%8 Eg.krs] ßtsnsgkP;k vèkhu vkgsr R;kauk nsokyk izlUu dfjrk ;sr ukgh-Þ

eRljkps izxV :i

[kwu

eRlj Hkkousus isVwu dkbZukus gkcsykpk [kwu dsyk ¼mRifRRk 4%8½-tjh vkeP;kiSdh vusd t.k yxsp vls Eg.krhy dh vkeP;krdkbZukph [kwuh Hkkouk ukgh] rjhgh [kkyhy opus vkEgkl iqUgkfopkj dj.;kl Hkkx ikMrhy-

^[kwu d# udks*] vkf.k tks dks.kh [kwu djhy rks U;k;lHksP;knaMkl ik= gksbZy] vls izkphu yksdkauk lkafxrys gksrs] gs rqEgh,sdys vkgs- eh rj rqEgkl lkaxrks] tks dks.kh vkiY;k Hkkokoj¼mxkp½ jkxkosy rks U;k;lHksP;k f'k{ksl ik= gksbZy( tks dks.khvkiY;k Hkkokyk] vjs osMxGk] vls Eg.ksy rks ofj"B lHksP;kf'k{ksl ik= gksbZy vkf.k tks dks.kh R;kyk vjs ew[kk Z] vlsEg.ksy] rks ujdkXuhP;k f'k{ksl ik= gksbZy ¼eRRk; 5%21]22½-

tks dks.kh vkiY;k caèkwapk }s"k dfjrks rks ujfgald vkgs( vkf.kdks.kkgh ujfgaldkP;k Bk;h lkoZdkfyd thou jkgr ukgh] gsrqEgkl ekghr vkgs ¼1 ;ksgku 3%15½-

;s'kwus EgVys dh tj vkEgh foukdkj.k ,[kk|koj jkxkoysysvlw] rj vkEgh [kwuh O;Drhleku vkgksr- tsOgk eh nqlÚ;kpkgsok djrks] rsOgk eh [kwuh Bjrks-

larkikpk mnzsd

dkj.k bZ";kZ iq#"kkl larIr dfjrs( lwM mxo.;kP;k fno'kh rksx; dj.kkj ukgh ¼uhfrlw=s 6%34½-

39


;sFks lanHkZ v'kk iRuhpk vkgs ftus O;fHkpkj dsyk vkgs vkf.kftpk ifr larkiyk vkgs- eRljkus gîkk irhl larIr dsys vkgs-v'kh ifjfLFkrh vlw 'kdrs T;keqGs irh larIr gksrks- cjspnk]larkikpk mnzsd eRljkps ewG QksQkoY;keqGs vlw 'kdrks- vkiY;ktksMhnkjkalcaèkkus larIr gks.;kckcr irh o iRuhus Lor%ps ijh{k.kdsys ikfgts- dnkfpr larki mn~Hko.;kps ewG dkj.k gsok vFkokeRlj vlw 'kdrs- gk eRlj ;k xks"VheqGs isVyk vlsy dhiRuh dkgh gtkj #i;s vfèkd deohr vlsy vkf.k irh frphcjkscjh dj.;kpk vkVksdkV iz;Ru djhr vlsy- gh U;wuxaMkphHkkouk irheè;s cÚ;kp fnolkaiklwu ?kj d: ykxrs vkf.k exvpkud larkikpk foLQksV gksrks-

tsOgk vkEgh lkewfgdfjR;k ,d= ;srks] rsOgk vkEgh eksBîkklkeF;kZus nsokph mikluk djhr vlw] i.k gk iz'u fopkjko;kpkmjrks] vkeP;k ?kjh ,dkrkar vlrkauk vkEgh dls okxrks\vkEgh vkiY;k tksMhnkjkal dls okxforks\ vkEgh ?kjP;kifjfLFkrhizr d'kh izfrfØ;k tkghj djrks\ gîkk iz'ukaph mRrjseRljkps ewG vfLrRokr vlY;kps |ksrd vkgsr!

lwM mxfo.ks

fiz;tugks] lwM mxow udk] rj nsokP;k Øksèkkyk okV |k(dkj.k vlk 'kkL=ys[k vkgs dh] ^lwM ?ks.ks ekÖ;kdMs vkgs]eh QsM djhu]* vls izHkq Eg.krks- myVi{kh] ^rq>k 'k=w HkqdsykvlY;kl R;kyk [kko;kyk ns( rkUg syk vlY;kl R;kykI;ko;kyk ns( dkj.k vls dsY;ku s rw R;kP;k eLrdkojfu[kkÚ;kph jkl dfj'khy-okbVkus ftadyk tkÅ udks] rjcÚ;kus okbVkyk ftad ¼jkse 12%19&21½-

40


ck;cy vkEgkl lkaxrs dh vkEgh lwM mxfork dkek u;s-gk fopkj 1 FksLly- 5%15 eè;s O;Dr dj.;kr vkyk vkgs]ßdks.kh dks.kkps okbVkcn~ny okbZV d: u;s Eg.kwu tiwu jkgk]vkf.k loZnk ,desdkaps o lokZaps pkaxys djhr jkgk-Þ

vkEgh Lor%fo"k;h lwM ?ks.;kP;k izÑ"V ekxkZapk voyacdjhr vlw- vkeph ÑR;s m?kMi.ks lwM ?ks.kkjh okVr ulkoh-rjhgh vkEgh vkeph var%dj.ks nsokiklwu yiow 'kdr ukgh-?kjkrhy ,[kk|k O;Drhpk lwM ?ks.;klkBh] vkEgh R;kP;k'khcksy.;kl ukdkj nsr vlw] dkWQh fi.;kl ukdkj nsr vlw]vFkok diMs bL=h dj.;kl ukdkj nsr vlw( dkekP;k fBdk.khvkEgh brjkaiklwu egRokph ekfgrh yiowu Bsohr vlw-v'kkizdkjps orZu ikGdkar vkf.k nsokP;k opukapk izpkjdj.kkÚ;krgh fnlwu ;srs- mnkgj.kkFkZ] ikGdkl R;kP;k lkscrP;klsodkus lHksps fuea=.k fnys] i.k R;kyk vls okVw ykxys dhlHksr R;kyk iqjs'ks ekukps LFkku feGkys ukgh- Eg.kwu vkrk T;kikGdkyk okVys dh R;kP;k'kh ß;ksX; orZuÞ dj.;kr vkysukgh] rks xqIri.ks lwM ?ks.;kP;k fopkjkus nqlÚ;k lsodkl R;kusvk;ksftr dsysY;k lHksl fuea=.k nsrks vkf.k gGwp R;kP;k'khR;kpizdkjps vFkok R;kghis{kk okbZV orZu djrks! v'kkizdkjP;korZukps ewG dkj.k vkgs eRljkpk vkRek-

funZ;rk] nqHkkZouk] jkx

Øksèkkph fu"Bqjrk o dksikpk rMk[kk gh iqjoyh] i.k izsela'k;kiq<sdks.k fVdsy\ ¼uhfrlw=s 27%4½-

tj jkx vFkok Øksèk Øwj vkgs] rj eRlj R;kis{kk nqIiV Øwj

41


vkgs- yksdka'kh funZ;hi.ks vFkok jkxkus okx.ks dèkh dèkh eRljkeqGsvlrs- xhrjRu 8%6 c Eg.krs] ßizse eR;wlkj[ks izcG vkgs(iz sela'k; v/kk syksdklkj[kk fu"Bwj vkgs( R;kph TokykvXuhTokyslkj[kh] fdacgwuk ijes'ojkus iznhIr dsysyk rks vXuhp

vkgs-Þ eRlj gk dcjsbrdk Øwj vlrks- Eg.kwu dèkh dèkhyksdka'kh vkeps meZVi.kkps vkf.k funZ;h orZu eRljkeqGs vlw'kdrs- vkEgh QDr okx.kwd cny.;kpk iz;Ru djrk dkeku;s] rj R;kps ewG dkj.k nwj djkos- HkkoMkar funZ;hi.kkps ewGdkj.k eRlj vlw 'kdrs-

QwV

;kps dkj.k ns[khy eRlj vkgs- vusdnk QwV ;keqGs iMrs dkj.k,[kk|k O;DrhP;k var%dj.kkr eRlj vlrks- ljrs'ksoVh rksiljr tkrks vkf.k R;kpk ifj.kke dyg vkf.k QwV ;kar gksrks-

vR;ar LièkkZyw oRrh

;ksX; fBdk.kh LoLFk LièkkZ mRre vkgs- mnkgj.kkFkZ] [ksGkP;keSnkukoj] LièkkZ dj.ks vkf.k fot;kph bPNk èkj.ks vxnh cjkscjvkgs- vkVksdkV iz;Ru d:u brjkaoj ekr dj.;kph vki.kbPNk èkjrk- v'kkizdkjph LièkkZ pkaxyh vlrs vkf.k rh vkEgkliq<s tk.;kph {kerk nsrs- ijarq cjspnk vki.k gh pwd djrks dhvki.k v'kkizdkjph LièkkZ nsokP;k ?kjkr usÅu rsFks minzoektforks- vkEgh vkeP;k vkè;kfRed thoukrgh ,desdka'khLièkkZ d: ykxrks- mnkgj.kkFkZ] ,d O;Drh nqlÚ;k O;Drhis{kktkLr fnolkapk miokl d: bfPNrks & tks dsoG LièksZP;k

42


vkRE;kus izsfjr vlrks- nqljk O;Drh ts dkgh djhr vkgsR;kis{kk eksBs vls vkEgh d: bfPNrks- ijkdk"Bsph vkè;kfRedLièkkZ ojdj.kh ikgrk eksBîkk vkè;kfRed y{;kapk ikBiqjkokdj.;kl izsfjr djrs- rFkkfi] gîkk xks"Vh nsokP;k n`"VhrizlUurknk;d ulrkr dkj.k R;k eRljkus izsfjr vlrkr-

dyg vkf.k okn

vki.k uhfrlw=s 10%12 eè;s ikgrks dh] ß}s"k dyg mRiUudjrks-Þ gîkk }s"kkpk tUe eRljkeqGs gksÅ 'kdrks T;kpk ifj.kkedygkr ?kMwu ;srks-

rqVdi.kk] Lora= izoRrh vkf.k vlqjf{kri.kk

eRlj vlqjf{kri.kk mRiUu djrks vkf.k R;keqGs O;Drh Lor%lbrjkaiklwu osxGs djrks vkf.k Lora= gksrks- mnkgj.kkFkZ] dkghikGd vkiY;k eaMGhl funsZ'k nsrkr dh R;kauh brj ikGdkaiklwu]lsoklaLFkkaiklwu vkf.k brj fo'okl.kkÚ;kaiklwu osxGs jkgkos-;kps dkj.k cjspnk vlqjf{kri.kkph Hkkouk vlrs ftpk mxeeRlj Hkkousiklwu gksrks- nsokP;k yksdkal brj [kÚ;k lsodkaiklwuizkIr dj.;kps vkf.k R;kaP;k LFkkfud eaMGhr ulysY;k brjfo'okl.kkÚ;kalkscr lgHkkfxRo dj.;kps Lokra«; vlrs-

xjtsis{kk tkLr laj{k.k

dèkh dèkh th xks"V [kjh dGdG vlY;klkj[ks okVrs] rh [kjsEg.kts xjtsis{kk tkLr laj{k.kkps dk;Z vlrs vkf.k R;kpk tUeeRljkeqGs gksÅ 'kdrks- mnkgj.kkFkZ] irh vkiY;k O;kolkf;dn"Vîkk

43


dq'ky iRuhyk gîkk fufeRrkus ?kjh jkgko;kl lkaxrks dh rkslaiw.kZ dqVqackP;k xjtkadMs y{k iqjohy- rFkkfi] gh vfr lqjf{krrsphHkkouk eRljkP;k eqGkiklwu mn~Hkow 'kdrs tsFks irhyk [kjks[kjvkiY;k iRuhpk gsok okVrks- 'kD;r% R;kyk gsok okVrks dh rhdkekP;k fBdk.kh brj iq#"kka'kh cksysy- dnkfpr rks vlqjf{krvkgs dh rh R;kP;kis{kk tkLr deohy- Eg.kwu vfr lqjf{kri.kkpsorZu eRljkeqGs vl.;kph 'kD;rk vlw 'kdrs-

{kqYydi.kk

cjspnk] ygku'kk xks"Vh eksBîkk leL;kal dkj.khHkwr Bjrkr vkf.kjkbZpk igkM gksrks] T;kps dkj.k eRljkph Hkkouk vlw 'kdrs-

44

eRljkps ifj.kke

vkiY;k var%dj.kkr eRljkyk tkxk ns.;kps xaHkhj ifj.kkegksÅ 'kdrkr- tsOgk vkEgkyk eRljkps ifj.kke letwu ;srkr]rsOgk vki.k eRljkP;k eqGkoj dqÚgkMhpk okj djko;kl yxspr;kj gksrks-

eRlj foèoald vkgs

eRlj ekjrks! ßew[kZ rj fpark d#u d:u uk'k ikorks( osMkeRljkus ejrksÞ ¼bZ;ksc 5%2½- vki.k Qkj dkG btk >kY;kokpwu


ijkdk"Bsph vkè;kfRed LièkkZ ojdj.kh ikgrk eksBîkk vkè;kfRedy{;kapk ikBiqjkok dj.;kl izsfjr djrs- rFkkfi] gîkk xks"Vh nsokP;kn"Vhr izlUurknk;d ulrkr dkj.k R;k eRljkus izsfjr vlrkr-

eRljkr txw 'kdr ukgh- eRljHkkouk gGwokji.ks ijarq fuf'prpR;k O;Drhpk uk'k djrs T;kP;k eukr rh jkgrs-

eRljkpk ifj.kke vkeP;k vkjksX;koj gksrks

ß'kkar var%dj.k nsgkps thou vkgs] i.k eRljkus gkMs dqtrkrÞ¼uhfrlw=s 14%30½- var%dj.kkrthy eRlj vkeP;k 'kkjhfjdvkf.k HkkoukRed vkjksX;koj ifj.kke ?kMowu vk.krks- dèkhdèkh]tsOgk yksd 'kkjhfjd jksxkauh ihfMr vlrkr] R;kP;k eqGk'kheRlj gs dkj.k vlrs-

eRlj vkeph n"Vh vaèkwd djrks] vkEgh vkiys y{kxekowu clrks

eRlj vkeph n"Vh vaèkwd djrks] vkEgh vkiys y{; xekowuclrks vkf.k vkeps y{; fopfyr gksrs- ßikrD;kapk gsok d:udks] rj ijes'ojkps Hk; vgfuZ'k ckGxÞ ¼uhfrlw=s 23%17½-mnkgj.kkFkZ] vkeP;k dkekP;k fBdk.kh tsOgk vkEgh v'kk yksdkalikgrks T;kal nsokph Hkhrh ulrs vkf.k rjhgh rs le) vlrs]rsOgk vki.k lkoèk vlys ikfgts dh vki.k R;kapk gsok dkekdjrk u;s- ts yksd vuhfreku vkgsr vkf.k rjhgh Li"Vi.ksle`) vlrkr R;kapk gsok dsY;kus vkEgh vkiys y{; xekow'kdrks-

eRlj vaèk djrks vkf.k izdk'k ikg.;kiklwu ijko`Rrdjrks

;s'kwyk ekj.;kps eq[; dkj.kakiSdh ,d dkj.k Eg.kts eRlj

45


gksrs- eq[; ;ktd ;s'kwpk gsok d: ykxys gksrs- ßR;kus R;klmRrj fnys] rqeP;kdfjrk eh ;gw|kaP;k jktkyk lksMkos v'khrqeph bPNk vkgs dk;\ dkj.k eq[; ;ktdkauh R;kyk gsO;kusèk:u fnys gksrs gs R;kP;k è;kukr ;sÅ ykxysÞ ¼ekdZ 15%9]10½-;s'kwP;k izfl)heqGs vkf.k ts peRdkj rs djhr gksrk R;keqGseq[; ;ktd ;s'kwpk gsok d: ykxys- eRljkeqGs R;kaph var%dj.ksvaèk >kys gksrs vkf.k rs ;s'kwyk f[kLr Eg.kwu jks[kw 'kdysukghr-

eRlj minzo mRiUu djrks

lokZacjkscj ^'kkarrsus jkg.;kpk* o T;kokpwu dks.kkykfg izHkqykikgrk ;sr ukgh rs ifo=hdj.k feGfo.;kpk ^>Vwu iz;Rudjk(* nsokP;k Ñisyk dks.kh m.ks iMw u;s] T;keqGs iq"dG t.kfc?kMwu tkrhy vls ^dks.krsfg dMwi.kkps ewG vadqfjr gksÅuminzo ns.kkjs gksÅ u;s* ¼bczh- 12%14]15½-

tj vki.k dVqRo vkf.k eRlj ;kfo"k;h lkoèk jkfgyks ukgh]rj rks dsoG vkEgklp uOgs] rj vkeP;k laHkksorkyP;k yksdkalghgs izHkkfor djhu- T;k{k.kh vkEgkl gh tk.kho gksrs dhvkeP;kBk;h eRlj vkgs] R;k{k.kh vkEgkl rks nwj dj.;kphxjt vkgs-

eRlj vkf.k dyg xksaèkG vkf.k nqjkRE;kP;k izR;sddk;kZlkBh nkj m?kMrkr

ck;cy Eg.krs dh tsFks eRlj vkgs] rsFks nksu ?kkrd xks"Vhvkgsr & xksaèkG vkf.k izR;sd okbZV dke-

46


i.k rqeP;k eukr rhoz eRlj o rV ikM.;kpk LoHkko vkgsrj rkBk fejow udk] o lR;kfo#) yckMh d: udk- gs Kkuo:u mrjr ukgh( rj rs ,sfgd] bafnz;tU;] lSrkukdMys vkgs-dkj.k tsFks eRlj o rwV ikM.;kpk LoHkko vkgs rsFks vO;oLFkko izR;sd dqdeZ vkgs ¼;kdksc 3%14&16½-

eRlj xksaèkG vkf.k nqjkRE;kP;k izR;sd izdkjP;k dkeklkBhnkj m?kMrks- dèkhdèkh] tsOgk yksd lqVdsP;k 'kksèkkr vlrkrvkf.k izkFkZusph fouarh djrkr] rsOgk dk;eps mik; vuqHkodjrk ;sr ukghr dkj.k yksd nqjkRE;kP;k dk;kZlkBh nkj eksdGsBsorkr- nkj can jkgkos Eg.kwu] leL;sps ewG nwj djkos ykxsy-tksoj vkeP;k var%dj.kkr eRlj vkgs] rksoj xksaèkG vkf.knqjkRE;kP;k izR;sd dk;kZlkBh nkj m?kMs jkghy vkf.k R;kalvkeP;k thoukar izos'k feGsy-

Eg.kwu eRlj gh ,d xaHkhj leL;k vkgs- rh vkeP;kvkjksX;koj ifj.kke djrs] lR;klkBh vkeph n"Vh vaèk djrsvkf.k vkEgh vkiys y{; xekowu clrks] rh minzo fuekZ.kdjrs vkf.k nqjkRE;kP;k izR;sd izdkjP;k dk;kZlkBh nkj eksdGsdjrs-

eRljkiklwu lqVdk izkIr dj.ks-

vki.k eRlj nwj d:u R;kiklwu Lora= thou dls ?kkyow'kdrks\ ifo= 'kkL= vkEgkl gs f'kdfors %

izsekr pkykos

izhrh eRlj djhr ukgh vFkok gsok djhr ukgh ¼1 dfjaFk-

47


13%4½- fo'okl.kkjs Eg.kwu vkeP;kiSdh izR;sdktoG izhrhrpky.;kps lkeF;Z vkgs dkj.k ßdkj.k vki.kkyk fnysY;k ifo=vkRE;kP;k }kjs vkiY;k var%dj.kkr nsokP;k izhrhpk o"kkZo>kyk vkgsÞ ¼jkse 5%5½- izkFkZuk djk vkf.k fuèkkZj djk dhvki.k nsokph izhrh vki.kk}kjs vkf.k T;kfo"k;h vki.kkl eRljokVrks] R;k O;Drhizr izokfgr Ogkoh] Eg.kwu fryk eqHkk |k-Lor%l lkaxk] ßeh ekÖ;k fe=kizr izhrhr pky.;kph fuoMdjhu-Þ nsokP;k izhrhr pky.;k}kjs vki.k eRljkl vkiY;kvar%dj.kkckgsj vkf.k eukckgsj Bsow 'kdw-

brjkaP;k vk'khokZnkar vkuafnr Ogk

ts yksd vkuan djrkr R;kaP;klkscr vkuan djko;kl vkEgklikpkj.k dj.;kr vkys vkgs ¼jkse 12%15½- T;k fe=kus uohudkj fodr ?ksryh vkgs R;kP;klkscr vkuan djk- T;kyk fo'ks"krjrwn vFkok peRdkj ykHkyk vkgs R;k O;Drhlkscr vkuafnrOgk- cjspnk] vki.k xkrks] ßfdrh egku!Þ vkf.k ?kks"k.kk djrksdh rkÚ;kaph mRifRr dj.kkjk] vkf.k es?kxtZuk bR;knh mRiUudj.kkjk nso vkgs- rFkkfi] fe=kyk uohu dkjpk vk'khokZnfeGkyk vkgs gs ikgwu] nqlÚ;k O;Drhyk peRdkj ykHkyk vkgsbR;knh xks"Vh ikgwu vkEgh ßfdrh egku!Þ gs xko;kl f'kdysikfgts- rksp ijes'oj nso dk;Z dj.kkjk vkgs! vkEgh ,desdkaP;kvk'khokZnkar vkuafnr Ogko;kl f'kdys ikfgts-

vki.k iksdG vfHkeku ckGx.kkjs] ,desdkauk phM vk.k.kkjso ,desdkapk gsok dj.kkjs gksÅ u;s- ¼xyrh- 5%26½

48


izR;sd t.k osxGk vkgs gs letwu ?;k

tsOgk vkEgkl letwu ;srs dh izR;sdkl nsokus osxosxGh Ñiknkusfnysyh vkgsr] rsOgk vki.k brjkapk gsok dj.ks VkGw 'kdrks-izR;sdkl ,dk vuU; gsrwus ?kMfo.;kr vkys vkgs ¼jkse 12%4&6½-ifo= 'kkL= vkEgkl lkaxrs dh nsokdMwu osxosxGh Ñiknkusvkf.k lsok izkIr >kY;k vkgsr vkf.k rks vkeP;k}kjs osxosxGîkki)rhus dke djhr vlrks ¼1 dfjaFk- 12%5&7½- mnkgj.kkFkZ]dks.khrjh mins'k nsrks] vk.k[kh dks.kh xhr xkrks vkf.k nqljkdks.khrjh ok| oktforks- nsokus vkEgkl T;kizdkjs ?kMfoys vkgs]R;kr vki.k vkuafnr gks.;kl f'kdys ikfgts- vki.k gs f'kdysikfgts dh vki.k vkiyh Ñiknkus] vfHk"ksd bR;knh xks"Vhaphrqyuk djrk dkek u;s- th Ñiknkus vkEgkl ns.;kr vkyhgksrh dsoG R;kaP;klkBh vkepk U;k; dsyk tk.kkj ukgh] rjT;k fo'oklwi.ks vkEgh nsokP;k xkSjoklkBh vkf.k R;kps gsrw iw.kZdj.;klkBh R;kapk mi;ksx dsyk R;klkBh vkepk U;k; dsyktkbZy- th Ñiknkus vkEgkl ykHkyh vkgs R;kaP;klkBh vki.kÑrK jkgko;kl f'kdys ikfgts- brjka'kh Lor%ph rqyuk dj.ksVkGkos vkf.k vki.k brjkapk gsok dj.ks VkGw 'kdrk-

nsokP;k n"Vhdksukrwu loZ xks"VhadMs ikgkos

vki.k nsokP;k n"Vhdksukrwu loZ xks"VhadMs ikgko;kl f'kdys

49


tksoj vkeP;k var%dj.kkr eRlj vkgs] rksoj xks aèkG vkf.k nqjkRE;kP;kizR;sd dk;kZlkBh nkj m?kMs jkghy vkf.k R;kal vkeP;k thoukarizos'k feGsy-

ikfgts- tsOgk iFohojhy thou lekIr gksbZy] rsOgk dsoGnsokl xkSjo izkIr gksbZy vkf.k dsoG R;kph mikluk dsyhtkbZy- tsOgk vkEgh ;k n"Vhdksukrwu loZ xks"VhadMs ikgw ykxw]rsOgk eRljkyk tkxk mj.kkj ukgh- T;k xks"Vh brD;k egRokP;kokVrkr T;keqGs eRlj mRiUu gksrks] R;k ;kuarj egRokP;kokV.kkj ukghr-

vkEgh Lor%'kh izekf.kd jkfgys ikfgts vkf.k vkeP;kthoukr eRljkP;k Hkkouk dcwy dsY;k ikfgtsr vkf.k R;kapkR;kx dsyk ikfgts- vkEgh lrr vkiY;k var%dj.kkps eRljkiklwuj{k.k dsys ikfgts- vkEgkyk dks.kkpkgh gsok u dj.;kpktk.khoiwoZd iz;Ru dsyk ikfgts- tj vki.k vkiY;k var%dj.kkreRlj jk[kyk] rj nso vkeP;k}kjs dk;Z d: 'kdr ukgh-vki.k dcwy d: ;k] i'pkrki d: ;k vkf.k vkRE;kps 'kq)dj.kkÚ;k dk;kZpk Lohdkj d: ;k!

vki.k eRljkP;k izR;sd eqGkiklwu vkiY;k var%dj.kkpsj{k.k dj.;kph xjt vkgs- dèkhdèkh] dkgh xks"Vh vU;k;kus ?kMw'kdrkr- dnkfpr vkeP;k'kh vU;k;kph orZ.kwd dj.;krvkyh vlsy vkf.k ts vkEgkl feGko;kl gos gksrs rs brjkalfeGkys vlsy- rFkkfi] gs eRlj dj.;kps dkghgh dkj.k ukgh-eRlj R;kxkok vkf.k nsokl nso vlw |kos- vls Eg.kkos] ßnsok]eh dks.kkpkgh gsok d: bfPNr ukgh-Þ

vkEgh lqokfrZd vlw vFkok nsokps lsod vlw vkf.k vkEghbrjkal ikgrks ts vfèkd vfHkf"kDr fnlrkr] R;kaph lsok le)vlrs] R;kauk ikgwu vkeP;k var%dj.kkr eRljkus izos'k djrk

50


dkek u;s- R;kaP;klkBh nsokph Lrqrh vlks! lkscrps nsokllsod Eg.kwu R;kaP;klkscr vkuafnr Ogk- vkEgh eRljkfo#)vkiY;k var%dj.kkps j{k.k dsys ikfgts vFkok vki.k izR;sdizdkjP;k okbZV xks"VhalkBh nkj m?kMrks-

tj vki.k eRljkl cGh iMyk vlky] rj vkEgkl R;krlgHkkxh yksdkaph {kek ekxkoh ykxsy vkf.k nsokl eksdGhd|koh ykxsy dh R;kus R;k ifjfFkrhdMs y{k |kos-

vkeP;k thoukar eRlj vkgs dk;\

nsokP;k ?kjkr eRlj vkgs dk;\

vkEgkyk vkiY;k tksMhnkjkfo"k;h eRlj okVrks dk;\

T;kauh cjsp dkgh laiknu dsys vlsy] vFkok vkeP;kis{kkvfèkd izfrHkkoku vFkok xq.koku vlrhy v'kk vkiY;kHkkokcfg.khafo"k;h vkEgkyk eRlj okVrks dk;\

vkEgkl vkeP;kiq<s xsysY;k lkscR;kapk gsok okVrks dk;\

51


izkFkZUkknsok] ekÖ;k thoukr eRlj vkgs- eh eRljkiklwu eqDr vlsthou txw bfPNrks- izHkq] eh izkFkZuk djrks dh rw ekÖ;kvar%dj.kkrhy eRljkP;k eqGkoj dqÚgkMhpk okj djkok- fiR;k]

vki.k ifo= vkRE;kl vkeP;k thoukrhy eRljkP;k eqGk'khryokjhpk okj dj.;kph eksdGhd |koh-

ekÖ;k thoukr rq>h bPNk iw.kZ Ogkoh- izHkq] brj yksdkaP;kvk'khokZnkar vkuafnr gks.;kps lkeF;Z eyk ns( izR;sd O;DrhosxGh ?kMfo.;kr vkysyh vkgs gs tk.kwu ?ks.;kps lkeF;Z eykns- eyk gs letwu ?ks.;kps lkeF;Z ns dh eh fo'ks"k vkgs- izHkq]izsekus pky.;kr ek>h enr dj( brjka'kh rqyuk u djrk vkf.kR;kapk gsok u djrk] rw eyk fnysY;k tckcnkÚ;kackcr fo'oklwjkg.;kr ek>h enr dj( eRljkiklwu ekÖ;k var%dj.kkps j{k.kdj vkf.k ekÖ;k var%dj.kkr izR;sd izdkjP;k okbZVklkBh nkjcan dj- izHkq] ekÖ;k thoukP;k izR;sd {ks=kr uhfreRRkkiw.kZn"Vhdksu ckGx.;kps lkeF;Z eyk ns( izHkq] eh rq>s midkjekurks dh 'ksoVh rqykp loZ xkSjo izkIr gksbZy- izHkq] T;kO;Drhus eyk nq[kfoys vkgs R;kyk {kek dj.;kph eh fuoMdjrks( dVqRoiw.kZ Hkkouk u ckGx.;kph eh fuoM djrks-

dks.khgh eRljkus izsfjr gksÅu dkghgh djrk dkek u;s( fiR;k]izHkqP;k ?kjkr dqBykgh eRlj ulkok-

fiR;k] eh rq>s midkj ekurks dh rw ekÖ;k var%dj.kkr dk;Zdjhr vkgsl- ;s'kwP;k ukokr eh izkFkZuk djrks] vkesu!

52


vè;k; 3

xokZP;k eqGkoj dqÚgkMhpk okjxokZph O;k[;k vkgs vgadkj] mn~nkei.kk] Qq'kkjdh] Lor%psegRo] cMstko ekaM.ks] Lor%ps xkSjoxku dj.ks vkf.k gh v'khizoRrh vkgs th vkeP;k eukr vlk fopkj Vkdrs dh vkEghbrjkais{kk Js"B vkgksr- gh ßlalkjkfo"k;hph Qq'kkjdhÞ vkgs thLoxhZ; fiR;kdMwu ukgh] i.k vkt txkr R;kps eksBs izpyuvkgs- Lor%fo"k;h xokZus fopkj dj.ks vkf.k dkgh xks"VhackcrxokZus fopkj dj.ks txkl lkekU; okVrs- tj vki.k lkoèkjkfgyks ukgh] rj vki.k gîkkp fopkjlj.khr vkf.k letkrvMdwu jkgw-

ßdkj.k txkr ts loZ vkgs rs] Eg.kts nsgkph okluk] MksGîkkaphokluk o lalkjkfo"k;hph Qq'kkjdh] gh fiR;kiklwu ukghr]rj txkiklwu vkgsrÞ ¼1 ;ksgku 2%16½-

vkEgkl txkr dk; vk<Gwu ;srs\ nsgkph okluk] nsgkphQloh vfHkyk"kk] MksGîkaph ikie; okluk vkf.k rlsp lalkjkphQq'kkjdh] gîkk loZ xks"Vh txkpk Hkkx vkgsr- xoZ vkeP;keukr vlk fopkj Vkdrks dh vkEgh vkiY;k cGkoj dkghrjhlkè; d: 'kdrks- fo'okl.kkjs Eg.kwu] tj vki.k lkoèk jkfgyksukgh] rj xoZ gîkk {ks=kr iq<s ok<r vlrkauk lgt vkeP;kthoukar izos'k djhy- dnkfpr vki.k nsgkP;k oklusfo"k;hvR;ar lkoèk vlw & mnkgj.kkFkZ] O;kfHkpkj & vkf.k MksGîkkaP;k

55


oklukackcr T;keqGs vki.k pqdhP;k xks"VhadMs ikg.;kiklwuokprks- nqljhdMs xoZ brdk lw{e vlrks dh rks lgt vkEghtxr vlysY;k o dk;Z djhr vlysY;k txkP;k pkyhfjrhrwuvkeP;k thoukar izos'k djrks-

ßijes'oj T;kapk }s"k dfjrks v'kk lgk xks"Vh vkgsr( uOgs]R;kyk v'kk lkr xks"Vhapk ohV vkgs( mUeRRk n`"Vh] yckMcksy.kkjh ftOgk] funks Z"k jDr ikM.kkj s gkr] nq"V ;kstukdj.kkjs var%dj.k] nq"deZ dj.;kl Rojsus èkko.kkjs ik;] yckMcksy.kkjk [kksVk lk{kh] o HkkokHkkokar oSeuL; mRiUu dj.kkjkeuq";] gîkk R;k gksrÞ ¼uhfrlw=s 6%16&19½-

;sFks ßmUer n"VhpkÞ mYys[k vkgs- xoZ nsokl ?k.kkLinokVrks vkf.k nso R;kpk frjLdkj djrks-

ßrks vfèkd Ñik dfjrks] Eg.kwu 'kkL= Eg.krs] ^nso xfoZ"Bkaukfojksèk dfjrks] vkf.k yhukaoj Ñik dfjrks-*Þ ¼;kdksc 4%6½-

vkiY;k var%dj.kkr xoZ Bsowu vki.k nsoktoG izkFkZukd: 'kdr ukgh- nso xokZpk fojksèk djrks- ijarq vki.k vlsEg.kwu okn ?kkyw 'kdrk] ßnso etoj izhrh djrks] Eg.kwu rksek>k izfrdkj dlk djhy\Þ rks vki.kkoj izhrh djrks] i.kvki.kkBk;h tks xoZ vkgs rks R;kyk ?k.kkLin okVrks- Eg.kwu nsoxohZ"B O;Drhl VkGrks vkf.k R;kaP;kiklwu nwj jkgrks-

xoZ vkEgkl nsokP;k toG tk.;kr vM[kG.k vk.krks- gsvR;ar tksf[kesps LFkku vkgs] tsFks nso toG ns[khy ;sÅbfPNr ukgh- Eg.kwu T;k izR;sd vkè;kfRed dk;kZr vki.klgHkkxh vlw & ex rh mikluk vlks] izkFkZUkk] nsokps opu

56

xokZP;k eqGkoj dqÚgkMhpk okj

okp.ks] euu] nsokP;k opukpk vaxhdkj] miokl vkf.k iSlsns.kxh Lo:i ns.ks vlks & tj vkeP;k var%dj.kkar xoZ vlsyrj gs loZdkgh fu"izHk Bjrs- vkè;kfRed dk;sZ nsoktoG tk.;kP;kbPNsus vkf.k R;kus vkeP;ktoG ;kos gîkk bPNsus dsyh tkrkr]ijarq tj vki.k xokZpk R;kx djko;kl r;kj ulw] rj nsovkEgktoG ;sÅ 'kdr ukgh- nsokokpwu] vkEgh dkghgh ukgh-

nso Ñik dks.kkl nsrks\ ifo= 'kkL= Eg.krs dh rks uezO;Drhl Ñik iqjforks ¼;kdksc 4%6c½- vkeP;k thoukr nSohÑik izkIr dj.;klkBh uezrk gh iwoZik=rk vkgs- ts dkghvkeP;ktoG vkgs vkf.k ts dkgh vkEgh cuw rs nsokP;k Ñisusvkgs- [kjs Eg.kts] vkEgh ts dkgh cuw vkf.k ts dkgh Lor%iyhdMs lkè; d:] rs dsoG R;kP;k Ñisus vlsy- i.k tjvki.k xokZr pkyr vlw] rj vki.k vkiY;k thoukr nSohÑispk iqjoBk Fkkacow vkf.k dkghgh cuw 'kd.kkj ukgh vFkokdkghgh lkè; d: 'kd.kkj ukgh- Eg.kwu vki.k izFke uezrsuspkyys ikfgts] dkj.k exp nsokph Ñik vkeP;k thoukr izkIrgksÅ 'kdrs-

uezrsokpwu] vki.k vkeP;k thouklkBh nsokph loksZRrevkf.k loksZPp bPNk dèkhgh lkè; d: 'kd.kkj ukgh] R;kbPNsuqlkj cuw 'kd.kkj ukgh- mnkgj.kkFkZ] ikfo«; nSoh; ÑispsQG gks;- vkeP;kiSdh loZp ifo= cuw bfPNrkr] i.k dsoGnsokph Ñik vkEgkl ifo= Bjow 'kdrs- rFkkfi] tj vki.kxokZr pkyr vlw] rj R;keqGs nSoh Ñispk iqjoBk laisy vkf.kÑisokpwu vki.k ifo= cuw 'kdr ukgh- uezrk vkeP;k thoukr

57


nSoh; ÑisP;k lrr iqjoBîkkph [kk=h d:u ?ksrs- nso uezyksdkal Ñik iqjforks vkf.k rks vgadkjh yksdkapk fojksèk djrks-

Fkksj iq<kjh vR;ar uez yksd vlrkr- cjspnk] vki.k dsoGvls xghr èkjrks dh gs iq<kjh vls yksd vkgsr ts lRrkxktforkr vkf.k izHkko Vkdrkr- i.k ck;cy vls Eg.krukgh- tqU;k djkjkr eks'ks gk lokZr Fkksj iq<kjh gksrk- T;kus lkByk[k yksdkal R;kaP;k thoukalkBh nsokP;k gsrwaizr us.;klkBhekxZn'kZu dsys] i.k x.kuk 12%3 Eg.krs] ßeks'ks gk iq#"k rjHkwrykojhy loZ euq";kis{kk uez gksrk-Þ ;keqGs ;k xks"Vhoj HkjiMrks dh eks'ksyk tjh lokZr xfoZ"B O;Drh cu.;kph laèkhvlyh] rjhgh rks laiw.kZ i`Fohojhy lokZr fouez O;Drh gksrk]dkj.k nsokus R;kyk ikpkj.k dsys gksrs- eks'ks uez gksrk vkf.kEg.kwup nso R;kpk mi;ksx d: 'kdyk-

xoZ gh vR;ar lw{e ckc vkgs- nsgkph ikrds vkf.k MksGîkkaphikrds vksG[k.ks lksis vkgs] i.k vkeP;krhy xoZ vksG[k.ksdBh.k tkrs- vkEgkl okVrs dh vkEgh xokZiklwu eqDrvkgksr] rFkkfi vkeP;k fopkjk ar vkEgh cj spnk T;kxks"Vh ck syrks] vkeph izo `Rrh vkf.k okx.kwd ;kojxokZpk dyad vlrks-

58


i.k tj vki.k xokZr pkyr vlw] rj vki.k vkiY;k thoukrnSoh Ñispk iqjoBk Fkkacow vkf.k dkghgh cuw 'kd.kkj ukgh vFkokdkghgh lkè; d: 'kd.kkj ukgh- Eg.kwu vki.k izFke uezrsuspkyys ikfgts] dkj.k exp nsokph Ñik vkeP;k thoukr izkIrgksÅ 'kdrs-

xokZph y{k.ks

tsOgk vkEgh vktkjh vlrks rsOgk MkWDVjyk HksV fnY;koj rksvkeph y{k.ks ikgwu jksxkps funku d: 'kdrks- vki.k Lor%psijh{k.k d: ;k vkf.k ikgw ;k dh vkeP;kr xoZ EgVysY;k gîkkjksxkph y{k.ks fnlwu ;sr vkgsr dk;-

gV~Vh vFkok gsds[kksj vl.ks

,d pkaxY;k izdkjpk gV~Vhi.kk vlrks & nsokps ikpkj.k] gsrwvkf.k nsokP;k xks"Vh ;kfo"k;h vVG vFkok n<+ fu'p;h vl.ks-vkEgh ;ksX; xks"VhalkBh ^gV~Vh* vlys ikfgts- mnkgj.kkFkZ]ifo=rsfo"k;h gV~Vh vlk vkf.k R;kckcr rMtksM d: udk-tsOgk ikfo«;kph xks"V ;srs] rsOgk dks.khgh nqlÚ;k xks"VhadMsvkeps eu oGfork dkek u;s- vkeP;k thoukar nsokP;kikpkjk.kkafo"k;h vki.k gV~Vh vkf.k v<G vlys ikfgts- rjhghvkEgh gV~Vhi.kkiklwu vkf.k xokZrwu tUeysY;k xks"Vhcny.;klkBh vfuPNqd vlys ikfgts-

ßrsOgk nkuh,ykus jktkl mRRkj fnys dh] rqÖ;k ns.kX;k rqttoGp jkgw ns] rq>h bukes nqlÚ;k dks.kkl ns] rFkkfi eh gkys[k jktkl okpwu nk[kforks o R;kpk vFkZ d:u R;kyklkaxrks- gs jktk] ijkRij nsokus rq>k cki ucq[kn~usLlj ;kljkT;] egRo] oSHko o efgek gh fnyh( R;kus R;kl eksBsi.kkfnyk Eg.kwu loZ yksd] loZ jk"Vªkps o loZ Hkk"kk cksy.kkjs yksdR;kP;kiq<s FkjFkj dkir o R;kyk Hkhr( okVsy R;kl rks Bkjekjh o okVsy R;kl ftoar jk[kh( okVsy R;kl rks Fkksj djho okVsy R;kl rk s uhp djh- iq<s R;kP;k ân;kr rkBk

59


f'kjyk] o R;kpk vkRek dBksj gksÅu mUeRRk >kyk- rsOgkR;kyk R;kP;k jkT;inko:u dk<.;kr vkys o R;kps oSHkofgjkowu ?ks.;kr vkys( R;kyk euq";krwu ?kkyowu ns.;kr vkys(R;kps ân; i'k wlkj[ks >kys( rks jkuxk<okeè;s oLrh d:ykxyk( rks cSykizek.ks xor [kkbZ o R;kps 'kjhj vkdk'kkrhynfgojkus fHktr vls ekuoh jkT;koj ijkRij nsokph lRRkkvkgs o R;koj rks ikfgts R;kl LFkkfirks] vls Kku R;kykgksbZi;Zar rks vlk jkfgykÞ ¼nkuh,y 5%17&21½-

nkuh,y vkEgkl lkaxrks dh nsokyk ucq[kn~usLlj jktklflagkluko:u [kkyh dk vk.kkos ykxys- rks xfoZ"B] gV~Vhvkf.k Øwj >kyk gksrk- gV~V vkf.k Øwjrk ;kapk tUe xokZrwugksrks vkf.k gs nqxZq.k lkscr okojrkr- ßiq"dGnk okXnaM >kykvlwugh tks vkiyh eku rkB dfjrks] R;kpk vpkud pqjkMkgksrk] R;kpk dkgh mik; pkyr ukghÞ ¼uhfrlw=s 29%1½- tsOgkdks.kh okjaokj vkeph dkum?kkM.kh djrks vkf.k vkEgh R;klYY;kdMs dkukMksGk dj.;kph izoRrh ckGxrks] rj ck;cyvkEgkl lkoèk djrs dh vkepk uk'k gksbZy- mnkgj.kkFkZ]irhiRuhP;k lacaèkkr] tsOgk iRuh dkgh xks"Vh dj.;kpk fopkjekaMrs vkf.k R;kfo"k;h vkiY;k irhyk R;kpk fopkj ekaM.;kllkaxrs] rsOgk rks gV~Vkus frus ekaMysY;k izR;sd fopkjkpk fopkju djrk vOgsj djrks- ;k myV lq)k d: 'kdrs- cjspnk]frP;k dYiukapk v'kkizdkjs lrr vOgsj dj.;kP;k eqGk'khxoZ vlw 'kdrks-

nqljs mnkgj.k] nsokP;k xks"Vh'kh lacafèkr ckchafo"k;h vlw'kdrs- tsOgk yksd nSoh lYyk nsrkr vkf.k vkeP;k thoukr

60


lqèkkj.kk ?kMowu vk.krkr] rsOgk vkEgh R;kaps ,sdko;kl vfuPNqdvlw 'kdrks] Lor%l dBksj d: 'kdrks vkf.k lqèkkj.ksdMs nqyZ{kdj.ks ilan djrks- v'kk izdkjP;k gV~Vhi.kkiklwu lkoèk vlkosT;kpk tUe lkekU;r% xokZrwu gksrks- tjh cjspnk vki.k pqdhP;kxks"Vhafo"k;h gV~V èkjrks] rjh ;ksX; xks"Vhafo"k;h gV~Vh vl.kspkaxys vkgs- pqdhP;k xks"VhalkBh gV~V /kj.;kps ewG dkj.k xoZvlw 'kdrks- ck;cy Eg.krs dh v'kk dk;kZps ifj.kke Eg.kwuvpkud uk'k ?kMwu ;srks T;kpk mik; djrk ;sr ukgh-

vjsjkoh@Qkthy vkRefo'okl

xokZP;k vkRE;kps nqljs y{k.k Eg.kts vjsjkoh vFkok QkthyvkRefo'okl gks;- xoZ vgadkj mRiUu djrks- mnkgj.kkFkZ] tjtkWuh lrjk o"kkZapk gksrks vkf.k vkiY;k ofMykal Eg.krks] ßeykdkjph pkoh |k] eh jLR;koj xkMh pkyow 'kdrks]Þ R;kpsoMhy dnkfpr R;kyk Eg.krhy] ßtkWuh] rqyk vkèkh xkMhf'kdkoh ykxsy- ex Lor%gwu jLR;koj xkMh pkyfo.;klkBhrqyk yk;lal feGsy-Þ i.k tkWuh gV~V èkjrks] ßiIik] eh lrjko"kkZapk vkgs vkf.k eyk yk;lalph xjt ukgh- eh jLR;kojxkMh pkyow 'kdrks]Þ ex] gk vjsjkohi.kk vkf.k QkthyvkRefo'okl >kyk- vusdnk ;kps ewG xoZ vlrks-

vjsjkohi.kk vkEgkl vlk fopkj djko;kl ckè; djrks dhvkEgkyk loZdkgh ;srs( vkEgkyk dks.kkpk lYyk ,sd.;kphxjt ukgh] vkf.k vkEgkyk ;ksX; izf'k{k.k ?ks.;kphgh xjt ukghvFkok vkEgkl vko';d rs dkghgh dj.ks t:jh ukgh- ßvkEgheokckpk xoZ ,sdwu vkgks] rks vfr xfoZ"B vkgs] R;kpk rkBk]

61


R;kpk xoZ] R;kpk vfHkeku] R;kph mUeRRkrk vkEgh ,sdwuvkgksÞ ¼f;eZ;k 48%29½- ex vkEgkyk xokZlkscr dk; vk<Gwu;srs\ vkEgkyk vfHkeku vkf.k mUeRrRkk fnlwu ;srks- ßehtxkps R;kP;k nq"Vrscn~ny o ikrD;kaps R;kaP;k vU;k;kcn~nyikfjiR; djhu( xfoZ"Bkapk fnek[k can djhu] tqyE;kapk rksjkmrjohuÞ ¼;'k;k 13%11½- Eg.kwu xoZ vjsjkohi.kkl tUe nsrks-ck;cy vkEgkyk f'kdfors dh nsokps [kjs Hk; vkEgkl xokZpk]vjsjkohi.kkpk vkf.k izR;sd nq"V ekxkZpk R;kx dj.;kr enrdjhy-

ijes'ojkps Hk; èkj.ks Eg.kts nq"dekZpk }s"k dj.ks gks;( xoZ]vfHkeku] dqekxZ o mn~nkei.kkph ok.kh ;kapk eh }s"k dfjrs¼uhfrlw=s 8%13½-

f[kzLrh txkrhy vkeP;kiSdh vusdkal vkè;kfRedfjR;kvkØe.k'khy jkgko;kl lkax.;kr vkys gksrs- ßckfIrLek dj.kkjk;ksgku gîkkP;k fnolkiklwu rks vkrki;Zar LoxkZP;k jkT;kojvkØe.k gksr vkgs vkf.k vkØe.k dj.kkjs rs cGdkohr vkgsrÞ¼eRRk; 11%12½- rFkkfi] vki.k vkè;kfRedfjR;k mUer ujkgrk vkè;kfRedfjR;k vkØe.k'khy vlys ikfgts- nsokP;kvkRE;kfo"k;h cyoku vl.ks mRRke vkgs] ijarq leL;k rsOgkmRiUu gksrs tsOgk vki.k vkè;kfRed mUeRRki.kk vkf.k vkè;kfRedvkØe.k'khyrk ;kal ,d letrks- vkè;fRedfjR;k vkØe.k'khygks.;kP;k vkeP;k iz;Rukr] vkepk 'ksoV vkè;kfRedfjR;kmUeRRk gks.;kr gksrks- vkè;kfRed mUeRRki.kk vkeP;k eukr gkfopkj Vkdrks dh vkEgh mRRke vkgksr- mnkgj.kkFkZ] vki.k

62


fopkj djhr vlrks dh vki.k lokZr mRRke eaMGhr vkgksrvkf.k brj eaMGîkkadMs rqPNrsus ikgrks- vkè;kfRed mUeRRki.kkvkeP;kr gk fopkj Vkdrks dh QDr vkeps lxGs ;ksX; vlrsvkf.k ckdhps loZ vkeP;kbrds pkaxys ukghr] vkf.k vkephdke dj.;kph i)r loksZRRke vkgs- vkEgh fopkj d: ykxrksdh f[kzfLrRokpk vkepk czkaM ¼tj vls dkgh vlsy rj!½loksZPp vkf.k ,deso vkgs- ;k xks"Vhafo#) vkEgh Lor%ps j{k.kdsys ikfgts-

vkEgh nsokP;k opukP;k lR;kP;k i{kkus mHks jkfgys ikfgts]i.k vkè;kfRed mUeRRki.kk vkeP;k eukr gk fopkj mRiUudjrks dh QDr vkeP;ktoG lR;kps lokZr eksBs oS ;fDrdizdVhdj.k vkgs vkf.k ßvkEgkyk lokZr [kksy 'kksèk YkkHkykvkgs] dsoG vkepk ekxZ nsokus fu;qDr dsysyk ekxZ vkgsÞvkf.k nqljk dqBykgh ekxZ fuEu izrhpk vkgs gh xks"V vkeP;keukr Qkthy vkRefo'okl Hkjrs] vkEgkyk Lor%P;k n"VhusegRoiw.kZ Bjfors- O;Drhxr fo'okl] i)rh] 'kSyh vkf.kilarh ;kal ,deso Eg.kwu iq<s djrks vkf.k ;k xks"VhdMs nqyZ{kdsys tkrs dh ßdk;kZps fujfujkGs izdkj vkgsr] rjh lokZr loZdk;sZ dj.kkjk nso ,dp vkgsÞ ¼1 dfjaFk- 12%6½- vkEgkyk;klacaèkkus vR;ar lkoèk vlys ikfgts- osxosxGîkk izdkjphdkes vkgsr- tks ijes'oj vkeP;k eaMGîkkar dk;Z djrks rksdks.kR;kgh eaMGhr vkf.k i"BHkwehr dke d: 'kdrks- Eg.kwuvki.k vls Eg.kw 'kdr ukgh dh vkeph i)r ghp ,desoi)r gks;-

63


eh cjkp osG nsokP;k opukpk izpkj dj.;kr vkf.kf'kdfo.;kr ?kkyforks] i.k vusdnk eh Vsi ,sdrks] iqLrdsokprks] brj lsodkal nwjn'kZuoj izpkj djrkauk ikgrks vkf.k,sdrks- v'kkosGh] eh fo|kF;kZizek.ks clrks- eh vusd lans'kizpkj dsys vlrhy( ijarq tsOgk vk.k[kh dks.kh cksyr vlrks]rsOgk ex rks ekÖ;kis{kk ngk o"kkZauh ygku vlks ok iUukl o"ksZo;kpk vlks] eh R;kaps ,sdrks dkj.k ekÖ;k'kh cksy.;klkBhnso R;k O;Drhpk mi;ksx d: 'kdrks- ijarq vkè;kfRed mUeRRki.kkvkEgkyk v'kk lsodkaps ,sd.;kP;k ekxkZr vM[kG.k vk.kw'kdrks] tks vkeP;kis{kk fdR;sd o"ksZ ygku vlsy- vki.ky{kkr Bsow ;k dh ifo= 'kkL=kr gs ns[khy fyfgys vkgs dh nsoxk<ok}kjs lq)k cksyyk!

caM[kksji.kk

caMi.kk xokZP;k eqGkps y{k.k vkgs- rs nsokus useysY;k vfèkdkjkP;kvèkhu gks.;kph vfuPNk gks;( gk vfèkdkj vkEgkl rhu izdkjsns.;kr vkysyk vkgs & R;kps opu] R;kpk vkRek] vkf.kR;kps yksd- mnkgj.kkFkZ] eqykal vkoMks vFkok u vkoMks]vkeP;k thoukar vkbZoMhy gs nsokus useysys vfèkdkjh vkgsr-xoZ nsokus useysY;k vfèkdkjkizr O;Drhal caM dj.;kl izoRrdjrks-

vkaf'kd vkKkèkkjdi.kkyk caM lq)k ekuys tkrs! vkeP;kiSdhvusd t.k dkgh va'kh nsokP;k vkKsps ikyu djrkr- nso'kkSyk'kh cksyyk vkf.k R;kus vekysdh yksdkapk uk'kdj.;kfo"k;h R;kyk dkgh fof'k"V vkKk fnY;k vkf.k ;kaph

64


[kk=h d:u ?ksryh dh R;kus loZ xks"Vhpk iw.kZi.ks uk'k djkok¼1 'keqosy 15½- i.k 'kkSykus R;k vkKsP;k dsoG ,dk Hkkxkpsikyu dsys- R;kus dkgh Hkkxkpk uk'k dsyk vkf.k jktkl odkgh izk.;kal thoar Bsfoys- tsOgk 'keqosykus 'kkSykl fopkjysdh R;kus vls dk dsys] rsOgk 'kkSykus mRRkj fnys dh rksokpysY;k oLrwaps nsokl viZ.k dj.;kfo"k;h fopkj djhr gksrk-'kewosy Eg.krks] ßvoKk tknwfxjhP;k ikrdkleku vkgs] vkf.kgV~V gk ewfrZiwtk o dqynsorkpZu ;klkj[kk vkgs( rw ijes'ojkpk'kCn eksfMyk vkgs Eg.kwu rFkkfi R;kusgh rqyk jkT;inko:u>qxk:u fnys vkgsÞ ¼1 'keqosy 15%23½- 'kkSykpk vijkèkvkaf'kd vkKkikyu gksrk- vkeP;kiSdh dkght.k nsokl lkaxrkr]ßnsok] eh rqyk ek>h viZ.ks nsbZy] i.k rw eyk ek>k n'keka'kekxw udksl-Þ y{kkr Bsok vkaf'kd vkKkikyu lq)k caMkGhvkgs-

ywflQjps iki gs caM[kksji.kkps lokZr eksBs ikrd gksrs]T;kpk mxe xokZrwu >kyk gksrk- ;'k;k 14%12&15 eè;svki.k ywflQjP;k irukfo"k;h okprks] ßgs nSfnR;eku rkÚ;k]izHkkriq=k] rw vkdk'kkrwu dlk iMykl! jk"Vªkl yksGfo.kkÚ;krqyk èkqGhr dls Vkfdys! tks rw vkiY;k eukr Eg.kkykl] ehvkdk'kkr p<su] nsokP;k rkjkax.kkgwu ek>s flagklu mPp djhu]mRRkj Hkkxkrhy nsolHksP;k ioZrkoj eh fojkteku gksbZu- ehes?kkoj vkjksg.k djhu] eh ijkRijkleku gksbZu( R;k rqykvèkksyksdkr] xrsZP;k vèkksHkkxkr Vkfdys vkgs-Þ gs bfrgklkrhycaMi.kkps lokZr eksBs dk;Z gksrs T;kpk tUe xokZrwu >kyk gksrk-

65


dèkh dèkh ygku eqykaph ok< gksr vlrkauk] vkEgkyk vlsokVw ykxrs dh vkEgkyk vkeP;k vkbZofMykais{kk tkLr Kkuvkgs- vkEgkyk vls okVrs dh vkEgh vkèkqfud vkf.k orZekuvkgksr vkf.k txkrhy vR;kèkqfud vkf.k lokZr eksBîkk xks"VhaP;klaidkZr vkgksr- vkEgkyk okVrs dh vkeps vkbZoMhy iqjkruvkf.k vlEc) vkgsr vkf.k Eg.kwu vkEgh R;kaP;k f'kdo.khafo#)vkf.k mins'kkfo#) lrr caM djhr vlrks- gh xks"V vkEgkykcaMi.kkP;k tksf[kesP;k fBdk.kh vk.kwu lksMrs- thoukar vk'khokZnkpsjgL; bfQl- 6%1&3 ;k opukar vk<Gwu ;srs] ßeqykauks] izHkqeè;srqEgh vkiY;k vkbZckikaP;k vkKsr jkgk] dkj.k gs ;ksX; vkgs-^vkiyk cki o vkiyh vkbZ gîkkaP;k eku jk[k] gîkklkBh dh]rq>s dY;k.k Ogkos o rw iFohoj nh?kkZ;q vlkos-* vfHkopuvlysyh ghp ifgyh vkKk vkgs-Þ tsOgk ijh{ksr fyfg.;kphosG ;srs] dkWystkr izos'k ?;ko;kpk vlrks] vkeP;k ukSdjhlkBh]mRRke vkjksX;klkBh xjt vkf.k nh?kkZ;q";kpk vk'khokZn gokvlrks] rsOgk vkEgkyk nsokph xjt vlY;kps Hkklrs- vkEgkykokVrs dh vkeps dY;k.k Ogkos i.k nso Eg.krks dh tj vkepscjs Ogkos vls vkEgkl okVrs] rj vkEgh vkiY;k vkbZckikpkeku jk[kyk ikfgts- gh ifgyh vkKk vkgs T;kP;kekxs vfHkoputksMysys vkgs- tj vki.k R;kps ikyu djky] rj ßrq>s dY;k.kOgkos o rw iFohoj nh?kkZ;w vlkos]Þ vls nso Eg.krks- vki.kvkiY;k vkbZckikapk eku jk[kyk ikfgts vkf.k R;kal ;ksX; rkseku fnyk ikfgts-

ck;cy Eg.krs dh] vkEgh ßizHkqeè;sÞ vkiY;k vkbZofMykaP;kvkKsps ikyu dsys ikfgts- Eg.kwu v'kk ifjLFkrhar tsFks vkbZofMy

66


vkEgkl nsokP;k opukP;k fo#) dk;Z djko;kl ykorkr] rsFksnsokP;k opukP;k i{kkus mHks jkg.;kl vkEgkyk vfèkdkj vkgs-

eh ygku vlrkauk] esFksfMLV ppZP;k Ogh ch ,l eè;s Hkkx?ksr vls tsFks vkEgkyk izHkqyk HksV Eg.kwu ns.;klkBh dkgh iSlkdefo.;kdfjrk ?kjh dkgh dke djko;kl izksRlkgu ns.;krvkys- Eg.kwu eh ekÖ;k ofMykaP;k tksMîkkal ikWyh'k d:u iSlkdefo.;kps Bjfoys- Ogh- ch- ,l laiY;kuarj] eyk dGwuvkys dh iSlk defo.;kph gh [kjks[kj mRRke i)r vkgs vkf.kEg.kwu eh ekÖ;k ofMykaps tksMs ikWyh'k dj.;kps lq: Bsfoys]iS'kkapk fg'kksc Bsfoyk] vkf.k nj efgU;kP;k 'ksoVh R;kP;klkBheyk iSls fnys tkr vls- ;kf'kok;] lkrO;k oxkZiklwu rksckjO;k oxkZi;Zar] dqBykgh iSlk u ?ksrk eh njjkst ldkGhR;kaps diMs bL=h djhr vls- gs ekukps o izfr"Bsps dke gksrs]vkf.k v'kkizdkjs eyk okVrs dh eh R;kaP;k thoukarhy ;'kkpkokVsdjh >kyks- dkgh ldkGh eyk gs dke djkosls okVr uls]i.k eh Lor%yk nsokP;k vkKsps Lej.k d:u nsr vls dh tjeh ekÖ;k vkbZckikpk eku jk[kyk] rj ek>s pkaxys gksbZy- eykmRRke thou gos gksrs vkf.k Eg.kwu eh nsokl EgVys] ßeh rqÖ;kvkKsps ikyu djhr vkgs] Eg.kwu vkrk ek>s cjs gksbZy-Þ tjvki.k lksI;k O;kogkfjd i)rhus ?kjkrhy] vkeP;k dkekP;kfBdk.kP;k vkf.k izHkqP;k ?kjkrhy nsokus useysY;k vfèkdk+Ú;kapkeku jk[kyk] rj vkeP;k thoukaoj vk'khokZn izkIr gksrhy-

migkl dj.kkjs

xokZP;k eqGkps pkSFks y{k.k Eg.kts migkl dj.kkjs cu.ks- migkl

67


dj.ks Eg.kts FkV~Vk dj.ks] vuknj dj.ks] frjLdkj dj.ks vkf.kbrjkal rqPN ys[k.ks gks;- gs lkekU;r% vki.k O;Dr djhrvlysY;k fopkjkar vkf.k brj yksdkafo"k;h vlysY;k vkeP;kerkar vk<Gwu ;srs- dkgh yksd vlrkr ts Dofprp brjkafo"k;hpkaxys cksyrkr- rs usgehp brjkafo"k;h rqPNrsus vkf.kekugkfudkjd vls cksyrkr- gs frjLdkj dj.ks gks; vkf.k ;kpktUe lkekU;r% xokZrwu gksrks-

ck;cy lkaxrs dh migkl dj.kkÚ;kal yksdkapk migkldj.;kr fdrh vkuan okVrks- ßèkeZfuank dj.kkjs èkeZfunsar dksBojvkuan iko.kkjÞ ¼uhfrlw=s 1%22c½- ßmigkl dj.kkÚ;kapk rksvo'; migkl dfjrks] i.k nhukoj rks Ñikizlkn dfjrksÞ¼uhfrlw=s 3%34½- gk lkoèkfxjhpk b'kkjk vkgs dh nso migkldj.kkÚ;kpk migkl djrks! ßxfoZ"B o p<sy euq";kyk mn~nkeEg.krkr] rks xokZP;k rkBîkkus okxrksÞ ¼uhfrlw=s 21%24½-

vkEgkl lkoèk dj.;kr vkys vkgs dh migkl dsY;kusladV mRiUu gksrs & ßmn~nkei.kk dj.kkjs uxjkyk vkx ykowunsrkr] i.k lqK tu Øksèkkyk ?kkyforkrÞ ¼uhfrlw=s 29%8½-

Lor%l uhfreku let.ks@<+ksax

i:'kh vkf.k tdkr ?ks.kkjk ;kaP;k izkFkZusr dk; Qjd gksrk;koj fopkj djk-

ßvki.k èkkfeZsd vkgks vlk ts fdR;sd Lor% fo"k;h Hkjolkèk:u brj lokZal rqPN ekuhr gksrs R;kaukgh R;kus nk[kyklkafxryk] rks vlk- ,d i:'kh o ,d tdkrnkj vls nks?ks

68


t.k izkFkZuk djko;kl oj eafnjkr xsys( i:'kkus mHks jkgwuLor%'kh v'kh izkFkZuk dsyh( gs nsok] brj ek.kls yqckM.kkjh]vèkeh Z] O;fH kp kj h vkg sr] R;k a P;klkj[k k fd aok gî k ktdkrnkjklkj[kkgh eh ukgh] Eg.kwu eh rq>s vkHkkj ekfurks-eh vkBoMîkkrwu nksunk mikl dfjrks( ts eyk feGrs R;klokZapk n'kka'k nsrks- tdkrnkj rj nwj mHkk jkgwu oj LoxkZdMsn"Vh yko.;kl ns[khy u èktrk vkiyk Åj cMohr Eg.kkyk]gs nsok et ikI;koj n;k dj- eh rqEgkl lkaxrks] R;k nqlÚ;kis{kkgk uhfreku B:u [kkyh vkiY;k ?kjh xsyk( dkj.k tks dks.khvki.kkyk map djrks rks uefoyk tkbZy] vkf.k tks dks.khvki.kkyk ueforks rks map dsyk tkbZyÞ ¼ywd 18%9&14½-

dèkh dèkh] vki.k vlk fo'okl èkjrks dh vki.k uhfrekuvkgksr vkf.k vki.k brjkal rqPN ysf[krks- xoZ Lor%l uhfrekuBjforks tks <ksax izoRr dfjrks- Lor%l uhfreku Bjfo.;keqGsvki.k brjkaps nks"k 'kksèkw ykxrks vkf.k vlk fopkj d: ykxrksdh vkEgh R;kaP;kis{kk pkaxys vkgksr] vkEgh Lor%eè;s vlysysnks"k vksG[kw 'kdr ukgh- <ksaxh O;Drh vkiY;k Lor%ps ikilksMwu nsrks] rks brjkal R;kaP;k ikikafo"k;h nks"kh Bjforks- mnkgj.kkFkZ]vki.k vk.k[kh dks.kkl fopk: 'kdrk dh R;k fno'kh R;kusfdoak frus ck;cy dk okpys ukgh] R;kaP;kr vijkèkcksèk mRiUudjrks] i.k tj dk vki.k gkp iz'u Lor%l fopkjyk vlrk]rj ck;cy u okp.;kps ;ksX; dkj.k vki.k 'kksèkwu dk<ysvlrs-

ßrqeps nks"k dk<.;kr ;sÅ u;sr Eg.kwu rqEgh dks.kkps nks"kdk<w udk- dkj.k T;k izdkjs rqEgh nks"k dk<ky R;k izdkjsp

69


rqeps nks"k dk<.;kr ;srhy vkf.k T;k ekikus rqEgh ekiwu|ky R;kp ekikus rqEgkyk ekiwu ns.;kr ;sbZy- rw vkiY;kMksGîkkrys eqlG è;kukr u vkf.krk vkiY;k HkkokP;k MksGîkkrysdqlG dk ikgrksl\ vFkok rqÖ;k MksGîkkrys dqlG eyk dk<wns vlss rw vkiY;k Hkkokyk dls Eg.k'khy\ ikgk] rqÖ;kMksGîkkr rj eqlG vkgs- vjs <ks aX;k] ifgY;kus vkiY;kMksGîkkrys eqlG dk<wu Vkd Eg.kts vkiY;k HkkokP;k MksGîkkrysdqlG dk<.;kl rqyk Li"V fnlsyÞ ¼eRRk; 7%1&5½-

vkEgkl brjkal nks"k ns.;kP;k ikikiklwu eqDr gks.;kphxjt vkgs- dkj.k rs vkEgkl Lor%eèkhy iki vksG[kw nsrukgh- vkeP;kiSdh dkgh t.k brj yksdkarhy nks"k èkqaMkG.;krikjaxr vlrkr] i.k vkiY;k Lor%P;k thoukar vlysys ßeqlGÞvkEgkl letr ukgh- vkEgh brjkaps nks"k nk[kowu ifo= curukgh( brjkarhy nks"k 'kksèk.;k}kjs vki.k nsokP;k toG ns[khy;sÅ 'kdr ukgh- v'kk izdkjph ßnks"k 'kksèk.kkjh lsokÞ fuf'prpvkEgkyk nsoktoG vk.k.kkj ukgh! ewY;ekiu mRRke vkgs i.knsokP;k ?kjkrhy vkeP;klkscrP;k Hkkokcfg.khapk U;k; dj.;kiwohZvkEgh lkoèk vl.;kph xjt vkgs- LoxkZjksg.kkiwohZ f[kzLr ikihyksdkalkBh ej.k ikoyk tsFkwu ,ds fno'kh rks vkepk U;k;kèkh'kEg.kwu ijr ;s.kkj vkgs- nsokP;k jkT;kr] tksoj vki.k izFkeyksdkalkBh vkiys thou okgwu ns.;kl lefiZr gksr ukgh] rksojvki.kkl R;kapk iq<kjh o U;k;kèkh'k Eg.kwu vfèkdkj fnyk tkrukgh- Eg.kwu yksdkapk U;k; dj.;kiwohZ] vkEgh Lor%l fopkjysikfgts dh vki.k R;kaP;klkBh ejko;kl r;kj vkgks dk] tsFksrs vkgsr R;krwu R;kal ckgsj dk<ko;kl] iw.kZRokP;k fBdk.kh

70


vk.kko;kl bPNqd vkgksr dk;! tsOgk vki.k iki] vU;k;vkf.k vèkekZfo"k;h cksyrks] rsOgk vki.k R;kal iquLFkkZfirdj.;kP;k] iw.kZRokl vk.k.;kP;k ,deso gsrwus izsfjr vlysikfgtsr- tj gk vkiyk gsrw vFkok è;s; ulsy] rj vki.k 'kkarjkgko;kl f'kdys ikfgtsr!

dygfiz;rk@HkkaM[kksj vl.ks

dèkhdèkh] vki.k brds dyg fiz; vkf.k HkkaM[kksj gksrks dhR;kps ewG dkj.k [kjks[kj xoZ vlrks- ßxokZeqGs HkkaM.ks ek=gksrkr- i.k pkaxyh elyr ?ks.kkÚ;ktoG Kku vlrsÞ ¼uhfrlw=s13%10½- ßyksHkh euq"; rVk mifLFkr dfjrks( i.k ijes'ojkojHkko Bso.kkjk èk"Viq"V gksrksÞ ¼uhfrlw=s 28%25½- v'kkizdkjsxokZeqGs HkkaM.k mRiUu gksrs-

iwoZxzg

xoZ fdaok vgadkj iwoZxzgkl tUe nsrks- iwoZxzg fof'k"V izdkjP;kyksdkaizr HksnHkko] i{kikr] vlfg".kqrk] vkèkhp BjfoysysvU;k;iw.kZ vkpj.k gks;- vkEgh loZt.k thoukar dèkhrjh]dkgh yksdkaizr dqBY;krjh izdkjpk iwoZxzg ckGxr vlrks- gkxjhc vkf.k Jhear ;kaP;krhy Qjd vlsy] tsFks vkEgkl xjhcO;Drhis{kk Jhear O;Drhizr vfèkd fe=Hkkoh okVrs vFkokyksdkaP;k 'kS{kf.kd ik=rsP;k vkèkkjs vkEgh R;kaP;kfo"k;h iwoZxzgckGxrks- rlsp yksd ns'kkP;k dks.kR;k Hkkxkrwu vkgsr] R;kaP;kRopspk o.kZ dqByk vkgs] R;kaps fyax ;kaP;k vkèkkjs vkf.kdèkhdèkh ppZ fMukWfeus'kuP;k vkèkkjs vkEgh R;kaP;kfo"k;h lkekU;er ekaMrks-

71


v'kk izdkjP;k iwoZxzgkfo#) vkEgkl lkoèkfxjhpk b'kkjkns.;kr vkyk vkgs % ß;gwnh o gsYys.kh] xqyke o Lora=] iq#"ko L=h] gk Hksnp ukgh( dkj.k rqEgh loZt.k f[kzLr ;s'kwP;k Bk;h,dp vkgkÞ ¼xyrh 3%28½- vkEgh loZ nsokps yksd vkgksrvkf.k vkeP;klkBh gs f'kd.ks egRokps vkgs dh xokZeqGs mRiUuiwoZxzgkrwu eqDr gks.;k}kjs izR;sdkl leku okx.kwd d'kh |koh-

vfHkekuh gks.ks@fo'ks"k vlY;klkj[ks okx.ks

dèkh dèkh tjh vkeph ikoys tfeuhoj vlrkr] rjhgh vkephMksdh oj dqBsrjh vkdk'kkr vlrkr- vkeP;kiSdh cgqrsdt.kgîkk lkekU; jksxkus ihfMr vlrkr- izsf"kr ikSy Eg.krks] ßijLij,dfpRRk vlk- eksBeksBîkk xks"Vhaoj fpRRk Bsow udk] rj yhuoRRkhP;k yksdkapk lgokl djk- Lor%yk 'kgk.ks letw udkÞ¼jkse 12%16½- vkEgh brds vfHkekuh vlrks dh vkEgh brjka'khlacaèk lkèkw 'kdr ukgh- vkEgkyk ßvodk'k ;qxkps f'k{k.kÞykHkys vlsy] i.k vki.k vkeph Q'khZ >kM.kkÚ;k O;Drh'khlkèkk laokn lkèkw 'kdr ukgh- vkeph laiRRkh vkEgkyk vfHkekuhBjfors vkf.k vkEgkl vlk fo'okl djko;kl izoRr djrs dhvkEgh ,dk fof'k"V oxkZps yksd vkgksr- vkeps xq.k vkf.kvkeP;k ;ksX;rk] oS;fDrd ik=rk ;keqGs vkEgh vlk fo'oklèk: ykxrks dh vkEgh [kjks[kj fof'k"V oxkZps yksd vkgksr-ßizLrqr ;qxkarY;k èkuokukl fu{kwu lkax dh] rqEgh vfHkekuhgksÅ u;s] papy èkukoj vk'kk Bsow u;s] rj tks ftoar nsovki.kkl miHkksxklkBh loZ dkgh foiqy nsrks R;kP;koj vk'kkBsokohÞ ¼1 rheF; 6%17½- vki.k eksBeksBîkk xks"Vhaoj vkiys

72


eu ykork dkek u;s] rj uez yksdkalkscr laxr djko;klf'kdkos- vkEgkyk vls yksd cu.;kph xjt vkgs ts dks.kk'khghlacaèk lkèkw 'kdrkr vkf.k vkiY;k n"Vhuss cqf)eku ulrkr-

73

xfoZ"B ân;kps ifj.kke

yfTtr djrs

xokZlkscr yTtk ;srs- ßxoZ >kyk dh vizfr"Bk vkyhp] i.kuez tukaP;k Bk;h Kku vlrsÞ ¼uhfrlw=s 11%2½-


xokZph y{k.ks

gV~Vh vFkok gsds[kksj vl.ks

vjsjkoh@Qkthy vkRefo'okl

caM[kksji.kk

migkl dj.kkjs

ik[kaM

Lor%l uhfreku let.ks@<+ksax

dygfiz;rk@HkkaM[kksj vl.ks

iwoZxzg

vfHkekuh gks.ks@fo'ks"k vlY;klkj[ksokx.ks

R;kpk ifj.kke yTtk o fouk'k ;kar gksrks

xoZ >kyk dh uk'k Bsoysyk( eukpk rkBk vèk%ikrkps ewGgks; ¼uhfrlw=s 16%18½-

ßrsOgk R;kus yksdleqnk;kyk iqUgk cksykowu EgVys] rqEgh loZt.k ek>s ,sdk o letwu ?;k( ckgs:u ek.klkP;k vkr tkÅuR;kyk Hkz"V djhy vls dkgh ukgh- rj ek.klkP;k vkrwu tsfu?krs rsp R;kyk Hkz"V dfjrs- T;k dks.kkyk ,sdko;kl dkuvkgsr rks ,sdks- rks yksdleqnk;krwu fu?kwu ?kjh xsY;koj R;kP;kf'k";kauh R;kyk R;k nk[kY;kfo"k;h fopkjys- rks R;kauk Eg.kkyk]rqEgh ns[khy brds vKkuh vkgk dh dk;\ ts dkgh ckgs:uek.klkP;k vkr tkrs rs R;kyk Hkz"V d: 'kdr ukgh] gsrqEgkyk letr ukgh dk;\ dkj.k rs R;kP;k var%dj.kkruOgs rj R;kP;k iksVkr tkrs o 'kkSpdqikrwu ckgsj iMrs- v'kkjhrhus R;kus loZ izdkjps vUu 'kq) Bjfoys- vk.k[kh rksEg.kkyk] ts ek.klkrwu ckgsj fu?krs rsp ek.klkyk Hkz"V dfjrs-dkj.k vkrwu Eg.kts ek.klkP;k var%dj.kkrwu okbZV fopkjfu?krkr( tkjdesZ] pksÚ;k] [kwu] O;fHkpkj] yksHk] nq"Vi.kk]diV] dkekrqji.kk] gsok] f'kO;kxkGh] xoZ] ew[kZi.kk- gîkkloZ okbZV xks"Vh vkrwu ckgsj fu?krkr o ek.klkyk Hkz"VdfjrkrÞ ¼ekdZ 7%14&23½-

;s'kwus xokZl R;k xks"Vhalkscr ;knhc) dsys vkgs T;k vkrwu;srkr vkf.k ek.klkyk v'kq) djrkr- xoZ fouk'kdkjd vkgsvkf.k O;DrhP;k irukl dkj.khHkwr Bjrks-

Lor%ph Qlo.kwd ?kMowu vk.krks

xoZ vkeph Qlo.kwd djrks- ß[kMdkP;k dikjhr mPp LFkkuh

74


ol.kkÚ;k] rw vkiY;k eukr letrksl dh eyk [kkyh tfeuhojdks.k ikM.kkj\ ;k rqÖ;k eukP;k vfHkekukus rqyk nxk fnykvkgsÞ ¼vksc|k 1%3½- ßEg.kwu gh loZ efyurk o mpacGwuvkysyk nq"VHkko lksMwu] rqeP;k ftokps rkj.k djko;kl leFkZvls eqGkfoysys opu lkSE;rsus LohdkjkÞ ¼;kdksc 1%21½-

uez ân;kr nsokps opu Lohdkj dj.;kph iwoZik=rk vkgs]dkj.k opu vkeP;k thoukr vuqHkokRed okLrfodrk Bjysvkgs vkf.k vkeP;keè;s dye dj.;kr vkys vkgs- i.k xoZvkEgkl nsokP;k opukpk Lohdkj dj.;kP;k ekxkZr vM[kG.kvk.krks vkf.k vkeph Qlo.kwd djrks- Qlo.kwd Eg.kts nsokP;kopukps Hkjiwj Kku vl.ks] i.k R;k opukl vkeP;k thoukrcny ?kMowu vk.k.;kph laèkh u ns.ks gks;- ts izdVhdj.k cny?kMowu vk.kr ukgh rs Qlo.kwd dj.kkjs B: 'kdrs] dkj.kvki.k fopkj d: 'kdrks dh vkEgh ^vfèkdkj izkIr dj.kkjs*Bjyks vkgksr] i.k vkEgh dsoG ßtk.krsÞ vkgksr- tk.k.ksvkf.k vfèkdkj dj.ks gîkk iw.kZi.ks nksu osxGîkk xks"Vh vkgsr-vkè;kfRed efLr"d Kku vl.ks vkf.k opukus nsgèkkj.k djkok& tsOgk opu vkeP;k thoukar vuqHkokRed okLrfodrk Bjrs& ;k nksu osxosxGîkk xks"Vh vkgsr- vuqHkokRed okLrfodrsokpwul[kksy vkè;kfRed Kku ckGx.ks O;Drhl vgadkjh cufors-

ck;cy Eg.krs] ßvkrk ewrhZyk nk[kfoysY;k uSos|kfo"k;h %vkiY;k lokZauk Kku vkgs gs vkiY;kyk BkÅd vkgs- KkuQqxfors] izhfr mUufr dfjrsÞ ¼1 dfjaFk- 8%1½- i.k tj vki.kuez var%dj.k ckGxys] rj rs dsoG Kkukis{kk vkeP;k thoukr

75


opukl okLrfodrk Bjohy- lSrkukph yckMh vkeP;k thoukrgGwp dqtcqt] vksjMk Eg.kwu izos'k djrs- rks izdk'kkpk nwrvlY;kps tjh lksax djhr vlyk] rjhgh rks vaèkkjkr pkyrks]mtsMkr uOgs- rks Nijko:u vls Eg.kwu vksjMr ukgh dh] ßehrqeP;k thoukph Qlo.kwd dj.kkjk ;sFks vkgs-Þ i.k R;k,sothrh Qlo.kwd 'kkar dqtcwt Eg.kwu ;srs] gGwp vkeP;k eukrizos'k djrs] vkEgkl Qlfors vkf.k lR; yiowu Vkdrs-

nks"k vkf.k nsokpk U;k;

vkeP;k thoukr xokZpk xaHkhj ifj.kke Eg.kts rks vkeP;kthoukoj nks"k vkf.k nsokpk U;k; ?kMowu vk.krks- ikSy rheF;kllkaxrks dh R;kus izHkqP;k ?kjkr iq<kjh Eg.kwu dks.kkph use.kwddjkoh % ßR;kus xokZus Qqxwu tkÅu lSrkukizek.ks f'k{ksr iMw u;sEg.kwu rks uof'kdk ulkokÞ ¼1 rheF;- 3%6½-

76


r:.k vlks ok o)] vkEgkl vkiY;k var%dj.kkps ijh{k.kdj.;kph xjt vkgs] vkEgh vkeP;k thoukarhy xokZps ewGmiVwu Vkdys ikfgts- vkeph izkFkZuk gh vlkoh] ßizHkq ;s'kw]ekÖ;k thoukrhy xokZP;k eqGkoj dqÚgkMhpk okj dj-Þ

lkSE; vkf.k uez LoHkko ckGx.ks

vkEgkl uez gks.;klkBh ikpkj.k dj.;kr vkys vkgs

xoZ vFkok vgadkj vxnh rksp naM vkf.k nsokpk U;k; ?ksÅu ;srkstks caM dsY;koj lSrkukoj vkyk] R;kyk naM ns.;kr vkyk vkf.knsokP;k lkfUuè;krwu R;kyk nwj dj.;kr vkys-

lkSE;rk] uezrk vkf.k nhurk gs f[kzLrh ln~xq.k vkgsr- T;kikpkj.kklkBh vkEgkl cksykfo.;kr vkys vkgs rs ikpkj.k vkEghlkSE; o nhu gksÅu iw.kZ djkos- ifo= 'kkL= nsokP;k lsodkalvkKk nsrs dh R;kauh uezrsus lsok dsyh ikfgts-

iw.kZ uezrk] lkSE;rk o lgu'khyrk nk[kowu ,desdkauk izhrhusokxowu ?;k ¼bfQl- 4%2½-

rsOgk rqEgh nsokps ifo= o fiz; vls fuoMysys yksd vkgk]Eg.kwu d#.kk;qDr ân;] eerk] lkSE;rk] yhurk] lgu'khyrkgh èkkj.k djk ¼dyLlS- 3%12½-

fojk sèk dj.kkÚ;k auk lk SE;rsus f'k{k.k n s.kkjk] vls vlkos(dnkfpr~ nso R;kauk lR;kps Kku gks.;klkBh i'pkrkicq)hnsbZy ¼2 rheF; 2%25½

uezrk gs [kjs cG vkgs gs letwu ?;k

uezrk fucZGrk ukgh & rF; T;koj [kkyhy fnysY;k opukrHkj ns.;kr vkyk vkgs-

ßi.k eh rqEgkl lkaxrks dh] U;k;kP;k fno'kh lksj o lhnksugîkkauk rqeP;kis{kk lksis tkbZy- gs dQ.kZgwek] rw vkdk'kki;Zarp<foys tk'khy dk;\ rw vèkksyksdki;Zar mrj'khy( dkj.krqÖ;keè;s th ijkØekph ÑR;s ?kMyh rh lnksekr ?kMyhvlrh rj rs vkti;Zar jkfgys vlrs- i.k eh rqEgkl lkaxrksdh] U;k;kP;k fno'kh lnksekl rqÖ;kis{kk lksis tkbZy- R;kosGh;s'kw vls cksyw ykxyk % gs fiR;k] LoxkZP;k o iFohP;k izHkks]eh rq>s Lrou dfjrks( dkj.k Kkuh o fopkjoar gîkkaP;kiklwu

77


gîkk xks"Vh xqIr Bsowu R;k rw ckGdkal izxV dsY;k- [kjsp gsfiR;k] dkj.k gsp rqyk ;ksX; fnlys- ekÖ;k fiR;kus ekÖ;kgkrh loZ dkgh fnys ukgh] vkf.k iq=kokpwu o T;k dks.kklR;kyk izxV djko;kph iq=kph bPNk vlsy] R;kaP;kokpwufiR;kyk dks.kh vksG[khr ukgh- vgks d"Vh o HkkjkØkar tugks]rqEgh loZ ekÖ;kdMs ;k Eg.kts eh rqEgkyk folkok nsbZu- ehtks eukpk lkSE; o yhu vkgs R;k ek>s tw vki.kkaoj ?;k oekÖ;kiklwu f'kdk Eg.kts ^rqeP;k ftokal folkok feGsy]*Þ¼eRRk; 11%22]29½-

;s'kwus Lor%ps o.kZu eukpk lkSE; o yhu vls dsys- eukpk^uez vkf.k yhu* gks.;kfo"k;h tsOgk dks.kh rqPNrsus cksyrksrsOgk lkoèk vlk- gs f[kzLrkpk LoHkko vkf.k pfj= ;kP;kvxnh foijhr vkgs! uezrk iqu:fRFkr f[kzLrkpk ln~xq.k vkgsvkf.k vkeP;k vkRE;keè;s ifo= vkRE;k}kjs mRiUu dsyk tkrks-

vkRE;kP;k}kjs fu"iUu gk s.kkj s QG] izhfr] vkuan] 'kk afr]lgu'khyrk] eerk] pkaxqyi.kk] fo'oklwi.kk ¼xyrh 5%22½-

;s'kwus EgVys]ß^ts lkSE;* rs èkU;] dkj.k rs iFohps oru Hkksxrhy*Þ¼eRRk; 5%5½- ;s'kwus EgVys] lkSE;rk gh nqcZGrk uOgs] rj cGvkgs- eksBeksBîkk fot;kaph fdYyh uezrspk vkRek gks;] dkj.kuez yksd iFohps okjl gksrhy- tj vki.k nsokP;k jkT;kps eksBsfotsrs cuw bfPNr vlw] rj vkeP;ktoG uezrspk vkRekvlyk ikfgts-

usgeh lsodoRrh ckGxkohts dkgh vki.k djrks] R;kr usgeh vkiY;k var%dj.kkps

78


ijh{k.k djkos vkf.k Eg.kkos] ßizHkq] eyk lsodkps var%dj.k gosvkgs-Þ

rlsp vki.kkl Lokeh Eg.kowu ?ksÅ udk( dkj.k rqepk Lokeh,d vkgs] rks f[kzLr gks;- i.k rqeP;keè;s tks eksBk vlsyR;kus rqepk lsod Ogkos- tks dks.kh Lor%yk map djhy rksuefoyk tkbZy vkf.k tks dks.kh Lor%yk ueohy rks map dsyktkbZy ¼eRRk; 23%10&12½-

Hkj Lor%l uez dj.;koj vkgs

v'kh th fpRRkofRr f[kzLr ;s'kwP;k Bk;h gksrh rh rqeP;kBk;hgh vlks( rks nsokP;k Lo:ikpk vluwgh nsokP;k cjkscjhpsvl.ks gk ykHk vkgs vls R;kus ekuys ukgh] rj R;kus Lor%ykfjDr dsys] Eg.kts euq";kP;k izfr:ikps gksÅu nklkps Lo:ièkkj.k dsys( vkf.k euq";izÑrhps vls izxV gksÅu R;kus ej.k]vkf.k rsgh oèkLraHkkojps ej.k lkslys( ;sFksi;Zar vkKkikyud:u R;kus Lor%yk yhu dsys- gîkkeqGs nsokus R;kyk vR;qPpdsys] vkf.k loZ ukokais{kk ts Js"B uko rs R;kyk fnys( gîkkrgsrw gk dh] LoxkZr] i`Fohoj o i`Foh[kkyh izR;sd xqM?kk;s'kwP;k ukokus Vsdyk tkok] vkf.k nsofiR;kP;k xkSjoklkBhizR;sd ftHksus ;s'kw f[kzLr gk izHk q vkgs vls dcwy djkos¼fQfyIiS- 2%5&11½-

usgeh Lor%ps [kjs ewY;ekiu djk

dkj.k eyk izkIr >kysY;k Ñiknkukao:u eh rqEgkaiSdh izR;ssdt.kkyk vls lkaxrks dh] vkiY;k ;ksX;rsis{kk Lor%yk vfèkdekuw udk] rj nsokus izR;sdkyk okVwu fnysY;k fo'oklkP;kifjek.kkuqlkj e;kZnsus Lor%yk ekuk ¼jkse 12%3½-

79


caèkqtugks] dks.kh ek.kwl ,[kk|k nks"kkr lkiMyk rjh ts rqEghvkè;kfRed o`RRkhps vkgk rs rqEgh v'kkyk lkSE; o`RRkhusrkGîkkoj vk.kk( rwgh ijh{ksr iMw u;s Eg.kwu Lor%dMs y{k ns¼xyrh 6%1½-

uezrk loZnk izHkqoj iw.kZi.ks voyacwu jkg.;kr vkgs

rks vfèkd ^Ñik dfjrks*- Eg.kwu 'kkL= Eg.krs] ^nso xfoZ"Bkaukfojk sèk dfjrks] vfk.k yhukaoj Ñik dfjrks*- Eg.kwu nsokP;kvèkhu Ogk( vkf.k lSrkukyk vMok] Eg.kts rks rqEgkiklwuiGwu tkbZy- nsoktoG ;k Eg.kts rks rqEgktoG ;sbZy- vgksikih tugks] gkr fueZG djk( vgks f}cq)hP;k yksdkauks] vkiyhvar%dj.ks 'kq) djk- d"Vh Ogk] 'kk sd djk] jMk( rqeP;kgl.;kpk 'kksd gksoks o rqeP;k vkuankpk fo"kkn gksoks- izHkqleksjuez Ogk] Eg.kts rks rqEgkl mPp djhy ¼;kdksc 4%6&10½-

[kjh uezrk vkeP;k nqcZGrsP;k tk.khosis{kk vkf.k vkeP;kxjtkaP;k fLFkrhis{kk vfèkd vkgs- tsOgk vkeP;k thoukr loZdkghlqjGhr vlrs] vkf.k vkEgh izxrh djhr vlrks vkf.k nsolkeF;kZus vkepk mi;ksx d:u ?ksr vlrks] rsOgk vkEgkyk gsy{kkr Bso.;kph vkf.k vls Eg.k.;kph xjt vkgs] ßnsok] gsloZdkgh rqÖ;keqGs vkgs-Þ eksBk vk'khokZn] cG vkf.k fot;kP;kle;hns[khy] vkEgh izHkqoj vkeps iw.kZi.ks voyacwu jkg.ksvksG[kys ikfgts vkf.k R;kr vkEgh vkuafnr >kys ikfgts] gstk.kwu dh th izR;sd mRre xks"V vkeP;ktoG vkgs] rhR;kP;kdMwu vkyh vkgs- gh [kjh uezrk vkgs-

vkEgh Lor% dks.krhgh xks"V vki.k gksÅup Bjfo.;kl leFkZ

80


vkgks vls uOgs] rj vkeP;k vaxph ik=rk nsokdMwu vkysyhvkgs ¼2 dfjaFk- 3%5½-

vèkhurk vkf.k i'pkrki fdYyh vkgsr

vkeP;k var%dj.kkr xoZ vlY;kph 'kD;rk dcwy dj.;kphvkEgkl xjt vkgs vkf.k vkEgh lrr vkiY;k var%dj.kkps]fopkjkaps] izoRrhaps vkf.k ÑR;kaps ijh{k.k dsys ikfgts- vkEghgîkk letwrhiklwu lqVdk izkIr djkoh dh vkEgh iw.kZi.ks xoZeqDrvkgksr-

Eg.kwu nsokP;k vèkhu Ogk( vkf.k lSrkukyk vMok] Eg.kts rksrqEgkiklwu iGwu tkbZy- nsoktoG ;k Eg.kts rks rqEgktoG;sbZy- vgks ikih tugks] gkr fueZG djk( vgks f}cq)hP;kyksdkauks] vkiyh var%dj.ks 'kq) djk- d"Vh Ogk] 'kksd djk]jMk( rqeP;k gl.;kpk 'kksd gksoks o rqeP;k vkuankpk fo"kkngksoks ¼;kdksc 4%7&9½-

vkEgh lrr izHkqP;k lkfUuè;kr Lor%ps ewY;ekiu dsysikfgts] R;kP;kizr lefiZr Ogkos] i'pkrki djkok] vkiys gkrLoPN djkos vkf.k vkiyh var%dj.ks 'kq) djkoh- vkEghlrr nsokl fouarh dsyh ikfgts dh R;kus vkeP;k var%dj.kkpkBko ?;kok vkf.k R;kP;k vkRE;k}kjs] vkeP;k thoukrhy xoZvFkkZr vgadkj izxV djkok- dkj.k uez O;Drhpk eku jk[kyktkrks-

xoZ euq";kyk [kkyh mrfjrks] i.k T;kps fpRRk uez rks lUekuikorks ¼uhfrlw=s 29%23½-

81


izkFkZuk

fiR;k] eh rqtiq<s ;srks vkf.k rqyk fouarh djrks dh fouez ân;ckGx.;kr rw ek>h enr djkoh- ijes'oj fiR;k] ekÖ;kthoukrhy izR;sd Hkkxkr vlysY;k xokZpk R;kx dj.;krek>h enr dj vkf.k eyk loZnk rqtiq<s uezi.ks pky.;kps]lkSE;rsP;k o yhursP;k vkRE;kr pky.;kps lkeF;Z iqjho-fiR;k] rw ekÖ;k}kjs vkf.k ekÖ;kr ts dkgh d: bfPNrksl] R;kckcr eh dsoG rqtiq<s uez jkgw bfPNrks- gh ek>h bPNk vkgs-izHkq ;s'kw ekÖ;krhy xokZP;k eqGkoj dqÚgkMhpk okj dj!

82


eksBeksBîkk fot;kaph fdYyh uezrspk vkRek gks; dkj.kuez yksd iFohps okjl gksrhy- tj vki.k nsokP;kjkT;kps eksBs fotsrs cuw bfPNr vlw] rj vkeP;ktoGuezrspk vkRek vlyk ikfgts-

ts dkgh vki.k djrks] R;kr usgeh vkiY;k var%dj.kkpsijh{k.k djk vkf.k Eg.kk] ßizHkq] eyk lsodkps var%dj.kgos vkgs-Þ

eksBk vk'khokZn] cG vkf.k fot;kP;k le;hns[khy]vkEgh izHkqoj vkeps iw.kZi.ks voyacwu jkg.ks vksG[kysikfgts vkf.k R;kr vkEgh vkuafnr >kys ikfgts] gstk.kwu dh th izR;sd mRre xks"V vkeP;ktoG vkgs]rh R;kP;kdMwu vkyh vkgs- gh [kjh uezrk vkgs-

vè;k; 4

oklusP;k eqGkoj dqÚgkMhpk okjLokFkZ] eRlj vkf.k xokZP;k eqGkaoj dqÚgkMhpk okj dlk djkokgs dGY;kuarj] vkrk vki.k vkeP;k thoukrhy oklusP;keqGklacaèkh ppkZ d: ;k- okluk Eg.kts dk;\ okluk Eg.ktsdks.krhgh vfu;af=r] v;ksX;] vfrjsdh] ve;kZn bPNk &mRdV bPNk] rGeG vkf.k ,[kk|k xks"Vhph ykylk- ck;cyoklusph O;k[;k ßyksHk vFkok vokLrfod bPNkÞ v'kh djrs-okluk gk txkpk ekxZ vkgs] T;k i)rhus tx dk;Z djrs vkf.kR;kr pkyrs- okluk gh tx O;kiwu Vkdrs-

rqEgh vkiys vijkèk o vkiyh ikrds gîkkeqGs er >kysysgksrk( R;k ikrdkeè;s rqEgh iwohZ pkyr gksrk] vFkkZr~ gîkktxkP;k jgkVhizek.k s varfj{kk arhy jkT;kpk vfèkifr Eg.ktsvkKk eksM.kkÚ;k yksdkar vkrk dk;Z dj.kkÚ;k vkRE;kpkvfèkifr gîkkP;k èkksj.kkizek.ks pkyr gksrk( R;k yksdkar vkEghghloZ iwohZ vkiY;k nSfgd oklukauk vuq:i vls okxyks] vkiY;knsgkP;k o eukP;k bPNkizek.k s djhr gk srk s o LoHkkor%brjkaizek.ks Øksèkkph iztk gksrks ¼bfQl- 2%1&3½-

txkpk ekxZ nsgokluk vkf.k eukP;k okluk iw.kZ dj.ks gkvkgs & tj cjs okVr vlsy vkf.k R;kosGsl vki.kkl lq[kfeGr vlsy & rj rs djk! ,dsdkGh vkEgh gîkk txkP;kpkyhjhfrapk Hkkx gksrks- T;koj oklusps opZLo vkgs- vkEgh

85


R;kuqlkj pkyr gksrks] 'kjhjkP;k o eukP;k vfHkyk"kk iw.kZdjhr gksrks- i.k ;s'kweqGs] vkEgkyk vkrk oklusps opZLo vlysY;ktxkps vl.;kph xjt ukgh-

R;kaP;k ;ksxs eksyoku~ o vfr egku~ v'kh opus vkiY;kykns.;kr vkyh vkgsr] gîkklkBh dh] R;kaP;k }kjs rqEgh oklusiklwumRiUu gks.kkjh txkrhy Hkz"Vrk pqdowu bZ'ojh LoHkkokps okVsdjhOgkos ¼2 is= 1%4½-

okluseqGs gîkk txkr Hkz"Vkpkj vkf.k uSfrd Úgkl vkgs- i.klqokrkZ gh vkgs dh nsokus vkEgkl R;kP;k opukr vR;areksyoku~ o vfr egku v'kh opus fnyh vkgsr] T;kaP;k ;ksxsvkEgh gîkk txkrhy Hkz"Vrsiklwu nwj iG dk<w 'kdrks- vkEgkykHkz"VkpkjkP;k gîkkp tkGkr lkiM.;kps dkj.k ukgh- vkEghR;kiklwu okpw 'kdrks- vkesu! bPNk Lor%eè;s pqdhph ukgh-[kjs Eg.kts] vkeP;k eukr mRRke vkf.k LoLFk bPNk vlY;kikfgtsr- tj vkeP;k eukr bPNk ulsy] rj vkEgkl thoukarizsj.kk izkIr gks.kkj ukgh vkf.k vkEgh thoukar izokgizfrr gksÅ-ck;cy Eg.krs dh vkEgh nsokiklwu vfèkd izkIr dj.;kphbPNk èkjyh ikfgts & R;kps lkfUuè;] R;kps lkeF;Z vkf.kR;kps opu-

Eg.kts ijes'ojkP;k Bk;h rqyk vkuan gksbZy( rks rq>s euksjFkiw.kZ djhy ¼L=ksrlafgrk 37%4½-

nqtZu T;kyk fHkrks rs R;ktoj ;sbZy] vkf.k èkkfeZdkaph bPNkiw.kZ gksrs ¼uhfrlw=s 10%24½-

Eg.kwu eh rqEgkyk lkaxrks] rqEgh izkFkZuk d:u ts dkgh ekxky

86

oklusP;k eqGkoj dqÚgkMhpk okj

rs vkiY;kyk feGkysp vkgs vlk fo'okl èkjk Eg.kts rsrqEgkyk feGsy ¼ekdZ 11%24½-

izkFkZuk dj.;kiwohZ] vkeP;k eukr mRRke vkf.k ;ksX; xks"VhalkBhbPNk vl.ks t:jh vkgs- leL;k rsOgk mRiUu gksrs tsOgkv;ksX; xks"Vhaph bPNk vfu;af=r o ve;kZn gksrs-

dks.kkph ijh{kk gksr vlrk] nsokus eyk eksgkr ?kkrys] vlsR;kus Eg.kw u;s( dkj.k nsokyk okbZV xks"Vhapk eksg gksr ukghvkf.k rks Lor% dks.kkyk eksgkr ikMhr ukgh( rj izR;sdek.kwl vkiY;k oklusus vks<yk tkrks o Hkqyfoyk tkrks rsOgkeksgkr iMrks- ex okluk xHkZorh gksÅu ikikyk tUe nsrsifjiDo >kY;koj ej.kkl mitfors- ekÖ;k fiz; caèkwuks] Qlwaudk ¼;kdksc 1%13&16½-

ijh{kk Eg.kts vkeP;k Lor%P;k bPNkauh o vfHkyk"kkauh]vkeP;k Lor%P;k oklukauh vks<ys tk.ks- lSrkukP;k bPNsus uOgsvFkok vkeP;k 'kstkÚ;kaP;k bPNsus uOgs] rj vkeP;k bPNsusT;k dk;Zjr vkgsr vkf.k vkEgkl vks<.;kpk o eksghr dj.;kpkiz;Ru djhr vkgsr] R;k}kjs R;kpk izfrdkj dj.;kph vkephbPNk dedqor djhr vkgsr- ijh{kk rsOgk ;srs tsOgk vkeP;kvar%dj.kkr okbZVkph bPNk mRiUu gksrs vkf.k R;k bPNspkukdkj dj.;kph vkeph bPNk dedqor gksrs dkj.k vkEghvkeP;k fopkjkaps] foosd cq)hps] dYiukaps vkf.k th ekfgrhvkEgh Lor%l nsrks frps j{k.k djhr ukgh- rh brj yksdkaP;kizHkkok}kjs ?kMw 'kdrs- vFkok rh lwpd fopkjka}kjs] erka}kjs vkf.kdYiuka}kjs ;sÅ 'kdrs tks lSrku vkeP;k eukr ?kkyrks- vkEgklvks<wu us.kkÚ;k vkeP;k bPNk vkgsr- vkEgkl R;k bPNk vèkhudjko;kl f'kdys ikfgts vkf.k R;kal fu;a=.kkr Bsoys ikfgts-

87


lSrku vkEgkl iki djko;kl cGtcjh d: 'kdr ukgh- rksvkeP;k eukr lwpd fopkj ?kkyrks ts vkeP;k bPNkal mRrsftrdjrkr vkf.k tj R;k bPNk fu;af=r ulrhy] rj rs ijh{kkapkizfrdkj dj.;kP;k vkeP;k bPNkal nqcZG d: 'kdrkr-

dkj.k txkr ts loZ vkgs rs] Eg.kts nsgkph okluk] MksGîkkaphokluk o lalkjkfo"k;hph Qq'kkjdh] gh fiR;kiklwu ukghr]rj txkiklwu vkgsr( vkf.k tx o R;kph okluk gh ukgh'khgksr vkgsr( i.k nsokP;k bPNssizek.ks dj.kkjk loZdkG jkgrks¼1 ;ksgku 2%16]17½-

oj fnysY;k mrkÚ;kar] rhu xks"Vhapk mYys[k vkgs & nsgkphokluk] MksGîkkaph okluk o lalkjkfo"k;hph Qq'kkjdh- txMksGîkkaP;k vkf.k nsgkP;k oklusP;k rkoMhr vkgs- ßnsgkP;kokluspkÞ vFkZ v'kk xks"Vh T;k nsgkP;k ikie; vfHkyk"kklarq"V djrkr- vkEgh ts dkgh ikgrks vkf.k R;k ßxks"VhojÞvfèkdkj izkIr dsY;kokpwu T;k xks"Vhph vkEgh bPNk èkjrksR;kal MksGîkkaph okluk rIr djrs-

88

oklusP;k eqGkph y{k.ks vki.k d'kh vksG[kw 'kdrks\


ijh{kk Eg.kts vkeP;k Lor%P;k bPNkauh o vfHkyk"kkauh] vkeP;kLor%P;k oklukauh vks<ys tk.ks-

ijh{kk rsOgk ;srs tsOgk vkeP;k var%dj.kkr okbZVkph bPNk mRiUugksrs vkf.k R;k bPNspk ukdkj dj.;kph vkeph bPNk dedqorgksrs

vkEgkl R;k bPNk vèkhu djko;kl f'kdys ikfgts vkf.k R;kalfu;a=.kkr Bsoys ikfgts-

nsgokluk

dqBY;kgh oLrwalkBh] T;kr mRre Hkkstukpk lekos'kvkgs] vfu;af=r bPNk

ftrD;kank vkEgh e| fi.kkÚ;k] flxkjsV vks<.kkÚ;k] ekndinkFkkZaps lsou dj.kkÚ;k O;DrhdMs nks"k ns.kkjs cksV nk[kforks]frrD;kank vkEgh R;k O;Drhl fol:u tkrks T;kyk mRRkeHkkstukph vkoM vlrs- gîkk loZ xks"Vh lkj[;kp vkgsr!

loZ xks"Vhaph eyk eksdGhd vkgs] rjh loZ xks"Vh fgrdkjdvlrkrp vls ukgh( loZ xks"Vhaph eyk eksdGhd vkgss] rjheh dks.kR;kgh xks"VhP;k vkgkjh tk.kkj ukgh- vUu iksVklkBho iksV vUuklkBh vkgs( i.k R;k nksgksapkgh var nso djhy-i.k 'kjhj tkjdekZlkBh ukgh] rj izHk qlkBh vkgs( vkf.k'kjhjklkBh izHkq vkgs ¼1 dfjaFk- 6%12]13½-

loZ xks"Vhaph eyk eksdGhd vkgs] i.k eh dqBY;kgh xks"VhP;klkeF;kZèkhu gks.kkj ukgh- dèkhdèkh vkiY;k vkoMhP;k HkkstukpkLokn ?ks.ks ekU; Bjrs] i.k tj vki.k R;kP;k rkC;kr vlky]rj rs pqdhps vkgs- ßvUu iksVklkBh o iksV vUuklkBh vkgs(i.k R;k nksgkspkgh var nso djhyÞ ¼1 dfjaFk- 6%13v½-

ikSy R;k yksdkafo"k;h fyfgrks] T;kapk nso R;kaps iksV vkgs% ßuk'k gk R;kapk 'ksoV] iksV gs R;kaps nSor] vkf.k fuyZTti.kkgs R;kaps Hkw"k.k vkgs( R;kaps fpRRk ,sfgd xks"Vhr vlrsÞ ¼fQfyIiS-3%19½- R;kaph Hkwd R;kaP;koj lRrk xktfors vkf.k R;kalfu;a=.kkr Bsfors- gh nsgokluk vkgs] T;kr ,[kk|k oLrwlkBh

89


vfu;af=r bPNk vlrs & mRRke HkkstuklkBh lq)k- tqU;kdjkjkr] vkEgh okprks dh nsokps yksd felj ns'kkrwu ckgsjiMys gksrs] xqykefxjhrwu R;kaph lqVdk >kyh gksrh] R;kauhrkacMk leqnz vksykaMyk gksrk vkf.k rs foiqyrsP;k ns'kkP;kekxkZoj gksrs T;kfo"k;h nsokus R;kal vfHkopu fnys gksrs dhR;k ns'kkr nqèkkeèkkP;k èkkjk okgrhy- vkf.k vpkud R;kaukekal [kk.;kph vukoj bPNk >kyh- gh bPNk brdh rhoz gksrhdh rh ekalklkBh okluk Bjyh-

ßR;kaP;keè;s tks feJ leqnk; gksrk R;kus lksl ?ksryk( vkf.kblzk,y yksdgh iqUgk jMxk.ks xkÅu Eg.kkys] vkEgkyk [kko;kykekal dks.k nsbZy\ felj ns'kkr vkEgkyk ekls QqdV [kko;kykfeGr vlr R;kph vkBo.k vkEgkyk ;srs- R;kpizek.ks dkdMîkk][kjcwts] Hkkth] dkans] ylw.k gîkkaphgh vkEgkyk vkBo.k ;srs(i.k vkrk vkepk tho lqdwu xsyk vkgs( ;sFks gîkk ekU;kf'kok;vkeP;k n"Vhl dkghp iMr ukghÞ ¼x.kuk 11%4&6½-

,d xkSjoh ;kstuk vkf.k nSoh gsrw iw.kZ djhr vlrkauk]blzk,yh yksd mRRke Hkkstukph vukoj bPNk èk: ykxys-R;kaph 'kkjhfjd Hkwd rIr dj.;kP;k rhoz bPNsus izFke LFkkuizkIr dsys vkf.k rs nsokph ;kstuk o gsrw iw.kZ dj.;kis{kk vfèkdegRokps Bjys- ekÖ;k eukr fopkj ;srks dh dkgh osG mioklkrvkf.k izkFkZusr ?kkyfo.;k,soth vkEgh vUukl fdrhnk egRokpsLFkku fnys vkgs!

blzk,yh yksdkauh 'ksoVh nsokph ijh{kk ?ksryh- ck;cy vkEgkllkaxrs dh vkEgh izHkq ijes'ojkph ijh{kk ?ksrk dkek u;s-

90


fnolk es?k o jk=Hkj vfXuizdk'k gîkkaP;k ;ksxs rks R;kal usrvls- R;kus jkukar [kMd QksMwu [kksy tyk'k;kizek.ks Hkjiwjik.kh R;kal I;ko;kl fnys- R;kus [kMdkrwu ik.;kps >jsghdkf<ys] u|kizek.k s ik.kh okgfoys- rFkkfi rs R;kP;kfo#)vfèkdkfèkd ikrd d: ykxys] ijkRijkfo#) :{k vj.;krR;kauh caM dsys- R;kauh vkiyh bPNk rIr dj.;klkBh vUuekxwu vkiY;k eukr nsokph ijh{kk ikfgyh- rs nsokfo#)cksyys( rs Eg.kkys] jkukr Hkk stukph fl)rk dj.;kl nsoleFkZ vkgs dk;\ ikgk] R;kus [kMdkoj Vksyk ekfjyk rksik.kh mlGwu okgw ykxys] o R;kps yksV pkyys( rks Hkkdjghns.;kl leFkZ vkgs dk;\ rks vkiY;k yksdkal ekal iqjohydk;\ gs ,ssdwu ijes'oj dksiyk vkf.k ;kdksckoj R;kpkvfXu isVyk( blzk,ykoj R;kpk Øksèk HkMdyk dkj.k R;kauhnsokoj fo'okl Bsfoyk ukgh] vkf.k R;kus fl) dsysY;krkj.kkoj Hkjolk Bsfoyk ukgh- rjh R;kus ojrh vkHkkGklvkKk dsyh] o vkdk'kk}kj s m?kMyh- [kk.;kdfjrk R;ku sR;kaP;koj ekUU;kpk o"kkZo dsyk] vkf.k R;kal LoxkZrys èkkU;fnys- R;kus iwosZpk okjk vkdk'kkr okgfoyk] vkf.k vkiY;klkeF;kZaus nf{k.kspk okjk vkf.kyk- R;kus R;kaP;koj èkqGhlkj[kkekalkpk vkf.k leqnzkP;k okGwlkj[kk i{;kapk o"kk Zo dsyk(R;kus R;kaP;k Nko.kheè;s] R;kaP;k oLrhHkksorh rs ikfMys- rs[kkÅu rs vxnh rIr >kys( v'kk jhrhus R;kaph bPNk R;kusiqjfoyh- R;kaph bPNk iwjh >kyh uOgrh] vtwu R;kaP;k rksaMhvUukpk ?kkl gksrk] rksp R;kaP;koj nsokpk dksi HkMdyk]vkf.k R;kus R;kaP;krY;k èk"Viq"Vkal ek:u Vkfdys] blzk,ykaP;kr:.kkl Bksdwu [kkyh ikfMys] brds loZ >kys rjh rs ikidjhrp jkfgys] o R;kP;k vn~Hkqr ÑR;kaoj R;kauh fo'okl

91


Bsfoyk ukgh ¼L=ksrlafgrk 78%14&32½-

vlkp nqljk ifjPNsn vkgs %

R;kus rkacMîkk leqnzkyk èkedkfoys vkf.k rks dksjMk >kyk]vkf.k eSnkuko:u pkykos rls R;k tyk'k;kP;k [kksy LFkykao:uR;kus R;kal pkyfoys- R;kus R;kal R;akpk }s"k dj.kkÚ;kP;kgkrwu lksMfoys- 'k=wP;k gkrwu R;kal eqDr dsys- R;kps oSjhik.;kr xMi >kys] R;karyk dks.khgh mjyk ukgh- rsOgk R;kauhR;kP;k opukoj fo'okl Bsfoyk( R;kauh R;kph Lrks=s xkbyh-rjh rs R;kph ÑR;s yodjp foljys- R;kP;k ;kstuslacaèkkusR;kauh èkhj èkfjyk ukgh- jkukr R;kaph okluk vukoj >kyh(vkslkM izns'kkr R;kauh nsokph ijh{kk ikfgyh- rsOgk R;kusR;kaP;k ekx.khizek.ks R;kal fnys] i.k R;kapk tho >qj.khlykfoyk ¼L=ksrlafgrk 106%9&15½-

tsOgk e|] flxkjsV] vFkok eknd inkFkkZalkj[;k oLrwalkBhvfu;af=r bPNk vlrs] rsOgk vkEgh R;kal ^O;lu* Eg.krks-tsOgk pepehr tso.kklkBh vkEgkl vukoj bPNk gksrs] R;kl^[kknkMi.kk* Eg.krkr- nksUgh nsgkP;k okluk vkgsr vkf.k ;s'kwgîkkaP;k eqGkoj izgkj djko;kl vkyk-

ukdkZsfVDl ,ukWfuel ;kal R;kaP;k iqLrdkrhy ßO;luh dks.kvkgs\Þ gîkk izdj.kkr] Eg.kko;kps vkgs] ßvkeP;kiSdh cgqrsdkal;k iz'ukaoj iqUgk fopkj djko;kph xjt Hkklr ukgh] vkEgklekghr vkgs! vkeps laiw.kZ thou o fopkj dqBY;k uk dqBY;krjhizdkjs eknd inkFkkZaoj dsafnzr gksrs & vk.k[kh feGfo.;kps ekxZo i)rh ;kaP;k 'kksèkkr jkg.ks- vkEgh R;kapk mi;ksx dj.;kl

92


txr gksrks vkf.k rls tx.;kph vkEgkyk lo; >kyh gksrh-vxnh lksI;k 'kCnkar] O;luh rks iq#"k fdaok L=h vkgs ftpsthou eknd vkS"kèkkaP;k rkC;kr vkgs- vkEgh yksd vkgksr tslrr vkf.k mRrjksRrj ok<r tk.kkÚ;k jksxkP;k dpkVîkkr vkgksrT;kpk var usgehp lkj[kkp vlrks % canhokl] laLFkk vkf.ke`R;w-Þ R;kr iq<s lkafxrys vkgs dh eknd inkFkkZaps lsoudj.kkjk O;Drh dlk fopkj djrks- R;kr EgVys vkgs] ßtksojeknd vkS"kèkh laiyh ukgh rksoj vkEgkyk eknd inkFkkZar leL;kvkgs vlk vkeP;kiSdh vusdkauh dèkhp fopkjp dsyk ukgh-tsOgk brjkauh vkEgkyk lkafxrys dh vkeP;kr leL;k vkgs]rsOgk vkEgkyk gk fo'okl gksrk dh vkeps dkgh pqdysysukgh] pqdys txkps vkgs- vkEgh gîkk erkpk mi;ksx vkeP;kvkReuk'kd orZukps leFkZu dj.;klkBh dsyk-Þ

T;k yksdkar eknd inkFkkZaalkBh v'kkizdkjph vukoj bPNkvlrs] rs lkekU;r% dèkh dcwy djhr ukghr dh R;kauk leL;kvkgs- tsOgk yksd R;kal lkaxrkr dh leL;k vkgs] rsOgk rsfopkj djrkr dh brj yksd R;kapk vkuan pks:u usÅ bfPNrkr-vkEgh gîkk dkj.kkpk mi;ksx ;k xks"Vhps leFkZu dj.;klkBhdjrks ts [kjks[kj ,d caèku vFkok okluk vkgs-

vfuok;Z lo;h vFkok bPNk

oklusps nqljs y{k.k Eg.kts vfuok;Z lo;h vFkok bPNk vkgsr-xjtsis{kk tkLr >ksi dk<.ks & mnkgj.kkFkZ] tj vki.k fnolkrwu12 rkl >ksir vlky vkf.k vki.kkl [kjks[kj 8 rklkaph xjtvkgs] rj vfrfjDr 4 rkl R;k O;lukpk Hkkx vkgs- vFkok tj

93


vki.kkl okVr vlsy dh efgU;krhy izR;sd vkBoMîkkr ,dflusek ikg.ks vR;ar t:jh vkgs] rj gh vfuok;Z lo; vkf.kbPNk >kyh- nqljs mnkgj.k tk.kwucqtwu [kjsnh dj.;kps {ks=- tjvki.kkl okVr vlsy dh nj vkBoMîkkr vki.k [kjsnh djko;klxsysp ikfgts vFkok dkghrjh pqdys] vkf.k thou iq<s pkyw'kdr ukgh- rj gh vfuok;Z lo;] bPNk vkf.k nsgoklukvkgs- tj vki.k lq[kfoyklkP;k dkgh oLrw toG ckGxY;kikfgtsr vls vki.kkl okVrs vFkok vki.kkl okVrs dh vkiY;ktksM+hnkjkus vki.kkl c{khl fnysp ikfgts] rj rh ,d vfuok;Zlo; vFkok bPNk curs vkf.k gh nsgokluk gks;- th xks"VvkEgkoj fu;a=.k djrs vkf.k xqykekP;k :ikr vkEgkyk caèkukrBsors] rh xks"V O;lu gks;-

nqtZukyk R;kph Lor%php nq"desZ iNkfMrkr( rks vkiY;kpikikP;k ik'kkr lkiMrks ¼uhfrlw=s 5%22½-

vkeph ikis vkEgkl Qlforkr vkf.k vkEgkyk xqyke cuowucaèkukr Bsorkr-

eh rqEgkyk [kfpr [kfpr lkaxrks] tks dks.kh iki dfjrks rksikikpk nkl vkgs ¼;ksgku 8%34½-

rs R;kauk Lora=rsps opu nsrkr vkf.k Lor% rj Hkz"Vrsps nklvkgssr( dkj.k euq"; T;kP;k dgîkkar tkrks R;kpk rks nklghcurks ¼2 is= 2%19½-

th xks"V vkeP;koj fot; feGfors rh vkEgkl caèkukrBsors- vkEgkl gs dcwy djkos ykxsy dh rsFks okluk vkgs-

94


ySafxd fodkj

frljs y{k.k gks; ySafxd fodkj- vkeP;k ;kSu vfHkyk"kkaph;kstuk vkf.k mRiRrh nsokus dsyh gksrh- nsokus T;kizdkjs ;kSuvfHkyk"kkaph ;kstuk r;kj dsyh] rh R;kP;k n"Vhus 'kq) vkgs-oSokfgd thoukarxZr rh ifo= vkgs vkf.k T;kizdkjs frph;kstuk vk[k.;kr vkyh vkf.k frph mRiRrh dj.;kr vkyh]R;kr dkghgh pqdhps ukgh- rFkkfi] vLokHkkfod ;kSufØ;kvkf.k T;kph ;kstuk nsokus dsyh ukgh v'kkizdkjps ;kSulq[knsokleksj ekU; ukgh- vusd f[kzLrh yksd vkgsr ts R;kaP;k ;kSuvfHkyk"ksP;k {ks=kr R;kaP;k nsgoklukaP;k caèkukr vkgsr- jkse1%18&32 gh opus nsokP;k Øksèkkfo"k;h lkaxrkr-

okLrfod th ek.kls vuhrhus lR; nkcwu Bsorkr R;kaP;kvHkDrhoj o vuhrhoj nsokpk Øksèk LoxkZrwu izxV gksrk s-dkj.k nsokfo"k;h izkIr gks.kkj s Kku R;k aP;kr fnlwu ;srs(dkj.k nsokus rs R;kauk nk[kowu fnys vkgs- dkj.k l`"VhP;kfufeZrhiklwu R;kP;k vn'; xks"Vh Eg.kts R;kps lukru lkeF;Zo nsoi.k gh fufeZysY;k inkFkkZao:u Kkr gksÅu Li"V fnlrvkgsr] v'kklkBh dh] R;kauk dlyhgh lcc jkgw u;s- nsokykvksG[kwulq)k R;kauh nso Eg.kwu R;kps xkSjo dsys ukgh fdaokR;kps vkHkkj ekuys ukghr( i.k rs vkiY;k dYiukauh 'kwU;or~>kys vkf.k R;kaps fucqZ) eu vaèkdkjkus Hk:u xsys- Lor%yk'kgk.ks Eg.krk Eg.krk rs ew[kZ cuys( vkf.k vfouk'kh nsokP;kxkSjokph] uk'koar euq";] i{kh] prq"ikn i'kq o ljiV.kkjsizk.kh gîkk aP;k izfresP;k :ik'kh R;kauh vnykcny dsyh-gîkkeqGs rs vkiY;k eukP;k oklukar vlrkauk nsokus R;kauk

95


v'kq)rsP;k Lokèkhu dsys( vls dh] R;kaP;k nsgkph R;kaP;kR;kaP;krp foVacuk Ogkoh- R;kauh nsokP;k [kjsi.kkph yckMh'khvnykcny dsyh] vkf.k fuekZ.kdR;kZ,soth fufeZrkaph HkfDro lsok dsyh( rks fuekZ.kdrkZ rj ;qxkuq;qx èkU;okfnr vkgs-vkesu- gîkk dkj.kkaeqGs nsokus R;kauk nqokZlukaP;k Lokèkhu dsys(R;kaP;krY;k fL=;kauh 'kjhjkpk uSlfxZd miHkksx lksMwu foijhrvkpj.k dsys- rlsp iq#"kkauhgh fL=;kapk uSlfxZd miHkksx lksMwuijLij dkelarIr gksÅu iq#"kk auh iq#"kk acjk scj vuqfpr deZdsys vkf.k R;kauh vkiY;k Hkzkarhps ;ksX; izfrQG vkiY;kBk;hHkksxys- vk.k[kh T;kvFkhZ nsokph tk.kho Bso.;kl rs ekU;>kys ukghr] R;kvFkhZ nsokus R;kauk vuqfpr desZ dj.;klfoijhr eukP;k Lokèkhu dsys- loZ izdkjph vuhfr] nq"Vi.kk]yksHk] okbZVi.kk gîkkauh rs Hkjysys vlwu] gsok] [kwu] dyg]diV] dqcq)h gîkkauh iqjsiqj Hkjysys gksrs- rs pgkM[kksj] fuand]nsokyk frVdkjk vlysys] m)V] xfoZ"B] c<kbZ[kksj] dqdeZdYid]ekrkfirjkaph voKk dj.kkjs] funZ;] vls gksrs- ts gîkk jhrhusokxrkr rs ej.kkl ik= vkgsr] gk nsokpk fu.kZ; R;kauk BkÅdvlwugh rs Lor% R;kp xks"Vh djhr vlrkr] brdsp dsoGuOgs rj R;k dj.kkÚ;kauk laerhgh nsrkr ¼jkse 1%18&32½-

ck;cy Li"Vi.ks b'kkjk nsrs dh leySafxdrk pqdhph vkgs-,d ik'pkR; er vkgs tsFks yksd vlk fopkj djrkr dhnsokus lefyaxh yksdkal mRiUu dsys vlkos- gh fopkjlj.khgGwgGw vkeP;k ns'kkrgh izos'k djhr vkgs- nsokus vkeP;kiSdhdks.kkykgh lefyaxh vls mRiUu dsys ukgh- gk ,d fodkj vkgsvkf.k nsokP;k fu;ekfo#) vkgs- gs vLokHkkfod vkgs] vkf.knsokus vkeph ySfxadrk v'kkizdkjs ?kMfoysyh ukgh- gs iki

96


vkgs vkf.k vkEgh R;koj ik?ka:.k ?kkyw 'kdr ukgh- leySafxdrknsokP;k n"Vhus ekU; ulrkauk rs ekU; vkgs vls vkEgh Eg.kw'kdr ukgh- jkse 1%28 Eg.krs dh] T;kvFkhZ ßnsokph tk.khoBso.;kl rs ekU; >kys ukghr] R;kvFkhZ nsokus R;kauk vuqfprdesZ dj.;kl foijhr eukP;k Lokèkhu dsys-Þ tsOgk yksdvkiY;kp erkus pky.;kpk vkxzg djrkr] vkiY;k vLokHkkfodbPNk&vfHkyk"kkapk ikBiqjkok djrkr] rsOgk nso ek?kkj ?ksrksvkf.k O;Drhps eu vuSfrd ¼vekU;] frjLÑr] fu:i;ksxh]dqpdkeh½ gksrs-

R;kaP;k fopkj izfØ;sr brdk vaèkkj ektrks dh rs fo'okld: ykxrkr dh R;kaph vLokHkkfod thou'kSyh [kjks[kj lkekU;vkgs- mnkgj.kkFkZ] leySafxd vlk fopkj djrkr dh R;kalvlsp ?kMfo.;kr vkys vkgs] ijarq ck;cy R;kl iki Eg.krs!tsOgk O;Drh vkiY;k fopkjkuqlkj vFkok dYiusuqlkj pkywbfPNrks] rsOgk ck;cy Eg.krs dh nso cktwyk gksrks vkf.kEg.krks] ßrqyk gs djk;ps vkgs] djhr jkgk- tj vki.k vkiY;kekxkZus pkyw bfPNrk] rj Bhd vkgs-Þ ySafxd fodkj] vuSfrdrk]fookgiwoZ ySafxd lacaèk] fookgckgîk ySafxd lacaèk] O;kfHkpkj]leySafxdrk vxE;xeu nsokiq<s vekU; vkgsr-

ySafxd fodkjkph brj Lo:is ns[khy vkgs] tls ySafxd vuqHkokapsdYiuk fp= jaxfo.ks- dnkfpr vki.k 'kjhjkus rs ÑR; djhrulky] i.k vki.k vkiY;k [kksyhr clwu loZ izdkjP;k xks"VhaphdYiuk djrk- gk ySafxd fodkj vkgs- gh nsgokluk vkgs vkf.knsokiq<s vekU; vkgs- vkiY;k tksMhnkjklkscr 'kkjhfjd lekxe

97


djhr ulrkaukgh ySafxd lq[k ns.kkÚ;k oLrwapk mi;ksx dj.ks ghlq)k ySafxd foÑfr vkgs- gLreSFkqukP;k caèkukr vl.ks ¼lo;huqlkjgLreSFkwu dj.ks½ ySafxd fodkjkps vkf.k nsgoklusps nqljs mnkgj.kvkgs- gs vki.kkl caèkukr Bsohr vlsy vkf.k vki.kkl Lora=gks.;kph xjt vkgs- vkiY;k thoukrhy gîkk leL;k nso nwjd: bfPNrks-

MksGîkkaph okluk

v'yhy n`';s ¼fp=½ ikg.ks

ßokbVkP;k izR;sd izdkjkiklwu nwj jkgkÞ ¼1 FksLly-- 5%22½-vusd fo'okl.kkjs R;kaP;k ?kjkr v'kkizdkjph lkeqxzh vkY;keqGsv'yhyrsP;k ik'kkr xqrays vkgsr- vkeP;k ldkGP;koRri=krlq)k v'kk tkghjkrh vkf.k LraHk vlrkr T;kr dehoL=s ?kkrysY;k fL=;kaps fp= vlrs- oRri=kar vkrk QDrckrE;k ulrkr] rj toGtoG izR;sd ikukoj vèkZuXu fL=;kaphfp=s vlrkr- gh fp=s u ikgrk dsoG ckrE;k okp.ks dBh.kvkgs- vkt v'kh fp=s tsFks ikgkoh rsFks] fcy&cksMZP;k ekè;ekus]iksLVjoj] baVjusV bR;knhoj xnhZ djhr vlrkr- vusd yksdv'kkizdkjs v'yhyrsP;k ik'kkr lkiMrkr vkf.k vkEgkykR;kfo#) Lor%ps j{k.k dj.;kph xjt vkgs dkj.k v'yhyrkgh MksGîkkaph okluk gks;-

?kk.kjMs fopkj vkf.k vuSfrd dYiuk

yksd ?kk.ksjMîkk fopkjkar vkf.k vuSfrd dYiukar eXu vlrkr-

98


?kk.kjMs fopkj vkf.k dYiuk MksGîkkaP;k okluspk Hkkx vkgsr-ck;cy vkEgkl izksRlkgu nsrs dh vkEgh ifo= vkf.k 'kq)xks"Vhaoj fopkj djkok-

ßcaèk wuk s] 'ksoVh brds lkaxrks dh] ts dkgh lR;] ts dkghvknj.kh;] ts dkgh U;k¸;] ts dkgh 'kq)] ts dkgh iz'kaluh;]ts dkgh Jo.kh;] tks dkgh ln~xq.k] th dkgh Lrqfr] R;kapseuu djkÞ ¼fQfyIiS- 4%8½-

lqanj L=hiq#"kkacn~ny vkd"kZ.k

gs vkEgk lokZauk toGps okVrs vkf.k gh MksGîkkaph okluk vkgs-dkgh yksd vkiyh Mksdh ljG Bsow 'kdr ukghr- ftrD;kanklqanj O;Drh toGwu tkrs frrD;kank R;kaph eku oGrs- ;s'kwusEgVys] ßeh rj rqEgkyk lkaxrks] tks dks.kh ,[kk|k L=hdMsdkesPNsus ikgrks R;kus vkiY;k eukr frP;k'kh O;fHkpkj dsykpvkgsÞ ¼eRRk; 5%28½-

yksHk

yksHk Eg.kts ts nqlÚ;katoG vkgs R;kph bPNk èkj.ks- ck;cyvkEgkl b'kkjk djrs dh yksHk gh ewfrZiwtk vkgs- vkEgh usgehpv'kk O;DrhdMs cksV nk[kforks tks fp=kiq<s] eqrhZiq<s] vFkokiqrGîkkiq<s okdrks] R;kal gh tk.kho ulrs dh R;kaP;kvar%dj.kkrhy yksHk gh ns[khy ewfrZiwtk vkgs- brjkatoG tsdkgh vkgs rs feGfo.;kph rhoz bPNk tj vkiY;k eukrvlsy] rj rks yksHk vkgs- gh ewfrZiwtk vkgs-

99


dkj.k ygkuFkksj loZ Lofgrkyk gikiysyk vkgsr( lans"Vîkkiklwu;ktdki;Zar lxGs diVkapk O;ogkj dfjrkr ¼f;eZ;k 6%13½-

rj i`Fohojhy rqeps vo;o Eg.kts tkjdeZ] veaxGi.kk]dkeokluk] dqokluk o yk sHk&gîkkyk ewfrZiwtk Eg.kkos&gsftos ekjk ¼dyLlS- 3%5½-

yksHk gs ewrhZiwtsps ,d Lo:i gks; dkj.k rs nsoklkBh vlysY;kvkeP;k bPNsis{kk nqlÚ;k xks"VhlkBh vlysY;k bPNsl tkLregRokps LFkku nsrs- ewrhZ Eg.kts nsokP;k vkf.k vkeP;k ovkEgh vkRE;kr vkf.k lR;kr nsoklkscr jk[kr vlysY;klacaèkknjE;ku ;s.kkjh dqByhgh xks"V- gh fp= vFkok iqrGk;klkj[kh dqByh HkkSfrd oLrw vlw 'kdrs] vFkok dqBY;krjhxks"VhlkBh ^izkf.kd* Lusg ;kl nso vkè;kfRed ewrhZiwtsps Lo:iekurks- vkeP;k thoukar nsokps LFkku ?ks.kkjh dqByhgh oLrwewrhZ vkgs] vkf.k rh ,[kknh O;Drh] vUuinkFkZ] ;kSusPNk]m|ksx O;olk;] ØhMk] èkeZ] vFkok miklusps Lo:i vlw 'kdrs-

nso Eg.krks] ßvkiY;k 'kstkÚ;kP;k ?kjkpk yksHk èk: udks] vkiY;k'kstkÚ;kP;k L=hph vfHkyk"kk èk: udks] vkiY;k 'kstkÚ;kpknkl] nklh] cSy] xk<o vFkok R;kph dks.krhgh oLrw gîkkapkyksHk èk: udksÞ ¼fuxZe 20%17½- vk.k[kh dks.kktoG vlysY;koLrwdMs eh ikgrks vkf.k Eg.krks] ßeykns[khy rh oLrw goh]Þrj gk yksHk vkgs- ;s'kw vkEgkl lkoèk djrks dh vkEgh yksHkkiklwutikos % ßvk.k[kh R;kus R;akuk EgVys] laHkkGk] loZ izdkjP;kyksHkkiklwu nwj jkgk( dkj.k dks.kktoG iq"dG laiRRkh vlyhrj rh R;kps thou gksrs vls ukghÞ ¼ywd 12%15½-

100


iSLkk] lRrk] izfl)h] in vkf.k izHkkokph bPNk

iSLkk] lRrk] izfl)h] in vkf.k izHkkokph bPNk Lor%eè;s vkeP;kmi;ksxkph dsoG lkèkus vkgsr- ijarq v'kkizdkjP;k xks"VhalkBhvuqfpr Lusg vFkok vukoj bPNk gh okluk gks;- vxnhv'kkizdkjph ijh{kk lSrkukus ,nsu ckxsr gOosP;k thoukrvk.kyh- ßR;k >kMkps QG [kk.;kl pkaxys] fnl.;kr euksgjvkf.k 'kgk.ks dj.;kl b"V vkgs vls R;k L=hyk fnlwu vkys(rsOgk frus R;kps QG dk<wu [kkYys o vkiY;kcjkscj vkiY;kirhlgh rs fnys( o R;kus rs [kkYysÞ ¼mRifRRk 3%6½- gh rhuizdkjph ijh{kk gksrh % MksGîkkaph okluk ¼ßfnl.;kr euksgjÞ½]nsgokluk ¼ß[kk.;kl pkaxysÞ½] lalkjkfo"k;hph Qq'kkjdh ¼ß'kgk.ksdj.;kl b"VÞ½- Eg.kwu] gîkk izdkjP;k xks"VhalkBh rhoz bPNsiklwuvkEgh Lor%ps j{k.k dsys ikfgts-

txhdrk

tfxd xks"VhalkBh vkd"kZ.k vkEgkl nsokpk 'k=w cuforks- gsMksGîkkP;k oklusps o nsgkP;k oklusps vk.k[kh ,d {ks= vkgs-

rqEgkaeè;s y<k;k o HkkM.ks d'kkrwu mRiUu gksrkr\ rqeP;kvo;okr T;k okluk y<kbZ dfjrkr R;krwu dh ukgh\ rqEghbPNk ?kkr o gsok dfjrk rjh gos rs feGfo.;kl rqEgh leFkZukgh( rqEgh HkkaMrk o y<rk( rqEgh ekxr ukgh( Eg.kwu rqEgkykizkIr gksr ukgh- rqEgh lkaxrk ijarq rqEgkl feGr ukgh( dkj.krqEgh v;ksX; izdkjs ekxrka- vgks vfo'oklw yksdkauks] txkpheS=h gh nsokcjkscj oSj vkgs] gs rqEgkl BkÅd ukgh dk;\ tks

101


dks.kh txkpk fe= gksÅ ikgrks rks nsokpk oSjh Bjyk vkgs¼;kdksc 4%1&4½-

tks txkpk fe= vkgs] rks nsokpk 'k=w vkgs- ek>s vls Eg.k.ksukgh dh vkEgh ;k txkr dqBY;kgh xks"Vhph bPNk èk: u;s-vFkkZr vkEgkyk xkMhph xjt vkgs] jkgko;klkBh ?kj gos]bR;knh- nsokus vkEgkyk fnysY;k oLrwapk vkuan ?ks.;kr dkghghpqdhps ukgh ¼1 rheF;- 6%17½] i.k gîkk txkrhy oLrwalkBhvkiyh bPNk vukoj gksr vlsy] rj vkEgh ßgîkk txkP;kizsekrÞ vkgksr] vkf.k vkEgh nsokps fe= gksÅ 'kdr ukgh-

gko

gko gh vk.k[kh izkIr dj.;kph izcG bPNk vkgs- ßdkj.knzO;kpk yksHk loZ izdkjP;k okbVkps ,d ewG vkgs( R;kP;kikBhl ykxwu fdR;sd fo'oklkiklwu cgdys vkgsr( vkf.kR;kauh Lor%l iq"dG'kk [ksnkauh Hkksldwu ?ksrys vkgsÞ ¼1 rheF;-6%10½- iSlk Lor% okbZV vlw 'kdr ukgh- ijarq R;koj izsevkf.k R;kph gko pqdhph vkgs- nsokph bPNk R;kP;k yksdkalvk'khokZfnr dj.ks vkf.k laiUu dj.ks gh vkgs ;kfo"k;h 'kadkukgh! ijarq nsokP;k vk'khokZnklkBh vkeP;k bPNsr] vusdyksd oklusP;k vik;dkjd {ks=kr HkVdwu tkrkr- gs eaMGhrvfr'k; izpfyr >kys vkgs- vkEgh nsokps vk'khokZn ekxrvkgksr v'kh crko.kh d:u vkEgh eksBs ?kj] vfèkd laiRrh]eksBs ;'k] foLr`r lsok ;kaph ekx.kh djrks- ßvk.k[kh]Þßvfèkd eksBsÞ vkf.k ßvk.k[kh pkaxysÞ ;kapk ikBiqjkok dj.;kP;kizfØ;sr] vkeP;kr udGrp v'kk xks"VhalkBh vuqfpr izse

102


mRiUu gksrs- v'kk oLrwalkBh bPNk vukoj vkf.k vfrjsdh>kyh vkgs- vki.k èkkfeZd iz;Rukiklwu o LoLFk bPNsiklwu nwj>kyks vkgksr] vkf.k oklusP;k fBdk.kh ;sÅu iksgkspyks vkgksr-gs vR;ar tksf[kesps vkgs! vki.k R;k fBdk.kh ijr vkysikfgts tsFks vki.k tk.krks dh ßfpRRk&lekèkkuklg HkfDr gkrj eksBkp ykHk vkgsÞ ¼1 rheF;- 6%6½-

vki.k iSlk] izHkko] in & T;kapk mi;ksx vki.k nsokps gsrwlkè; dj.;klkBh djrks & ;klkj[;k xks"Vhapk Lusg u èkjrknsokP;k loksZPp ikpkj.kkpk] Fkksj LoIukapk vkf.k mnkRr gsrwapkikBiqjkok dsyk ikfgts- iS'kkckcr Lor% dkghgh pqdhps ukgh-[kjs Eg.kts] vkEgkyk iS'kkph xjt vkgs- vkEgh Hkjiwj iS'kklkBhizkFkZuk djrks vkf.k nsokoj fo'okl djrks] ijarq iSlk Lor%eè;svkeps è;s; ukgh- vkeps fcy pqdfo.;kps rs dsoG ,d lkèkuvkgs] ;klkBh dh vkEgkl lqokrkZ lkaxrk ;koh vkf.k vkRE;kapsrkj.k Ogkos vkf.k nsokP;k jkT;kph fufeZrh Ogkoh-

i.k f[kzLrkP;k eaMGhr gksrs gs dh nsokP;k vk'khokZnkapk ikBiqjkokdjhr vlrkauk] vkEgh yksHk] gko vkf.k oklusP;k {ks=kr izos'kdsyk vkgs- vki.k oLrawP;k ekxs xsyks vkgksr vkf.k nsokpsikpkj.k vkf.k nsokus vkEgkl fnysyh LoIus fol:u xsyks vkgksr-^oLrw* QDr R;kph lkèkus vkgsr T;kapk mi;ksx vkEgh nsokP;kikpkj.kkps vuqlj.k dj.;kjkkBh djrks-

103


r:.ki.kkP;k oklukck;cy vkEgkl lkoèk djrs dh] ßr:.ki.kkP;k oklukiklwunwj iG vkf.k 'kq) eukus izHkqpk èkkok dj.kkÚ;kacjkscj uhfreRRo]fo'okl] izhfr] 'kkafr gîkkaP;k ikBhl ykxÞ ¼2 rheF;- 2%22½-tsOgk R;k oklukapk iz'u ;srks T;kP;k ik'kkr r:.k lkiMysysvkgsr] R;kph ,d ykac ;knh r;kj gksrs- vki.k vuSfrdlaxhrkph xks"V ?ksÅ ;k- vkèkqfud laxhrkps vusd vkf.k fofoèkizdkj R;krhy fo"k;oLrwackcr O;lukRed vkf.k fouk'kdkjdvkgsr- R;keqGs izxrh gksÅ 'kdr ukgh vkf.k rjhgh dkghr:.k Eg.kw 'kdrkr] ßeyk rs ,sdko;kps vkgs- tksoj eh dkQh

104


oklusP;k eqGkph y{k.ks

dqBY;kgh oLrwalkBh] vfu;af=r bPNk

vfuok;Z lo;h vFkok bPNk

ySafxd fodkj

v'yhyrk

?kk.kjMs fopkj vkf.k vuSfrd dYiuk

lqanj L=hiq#"kkacn~ny vkd"kZ.k

yksHk

iSLkk] lRrk] izfl)h] in vkf.k izHkkokph bPNk

txhdrk

gko

ihr ukgh vkf.k rs laxhr lq: djhr ukgh] rksoj eh ekÖ;kfnolkph lq:okr d: 'kdr ukgh-Þ gh r:.ki.kkph oklukvkgs- tj rs vfuok;Z vlsy] rj rh okluk gks;- laxhr]nwjn'kZu] flusek] ,Dl&ckWDl] Iys&LVs'ku] baVjusV] pWV :e gsloZ vkèkqfud dkGkrhy r:.ki.kkP;k oklukapk Hkkx vkgsr-;k xks"Vhar dkghgh okbZV ukgh- i.k tj vki.kkl R;kaps O;luvlsy] rj r:.ki.kkP;k oklusus vki.kkl dpkVîkkr Bsfoysvkgs vls Eg.kk;ps- tj vki.k pWV :eeè;s ,d rkl ?kkyforkvFkok baVjusVoj 'kksèk ?ksr jkg.ks vkiyk fnol iw.kZ dj.;klkBhvfuok;Z vlsy] rj gh r:.ki.kkph okluk gks;- T;kal gsdGr ukgh dh ts dkgh rs djhr vkgsr rs ;ksX; vkgs vFkokpqdhps] R;kaP;klkBh lkoèkfxjhpk ,d 'kCn & ß'kadk vlY;klrs lksMwu |k-Þ laèkh dk ?;koh\ v'kk oLrwa'kh O;ogkjp djrkdkek u;s- okbZVkP;k izR;sd izdkjkiklwu iG dk<k- okbZVkP;kizR;sd izdkjkiklwu nwj jkgk ¼1 FksLly-- 5%22½-

oklusP;k eqGkps ifj.kke

vkiY;k thoukr oklusps ewG ckGx.;kps vusd ifj.kke vkgsr-[kkyh dkghaph ;knh ns.;kr vkyh vkgs %

okluk opukl vM[kG.k vk.krs

tj yksd oklusl iq<s ok<r tk.;kph laèkh nsrkr] rj ex rhMksGîkkaph okluk vlks ok nsgokluk( rh R;kaP;k thoukrhynsokP;k opukP;k ifj.kkekoj udkjkRed izHkko Vkdrs- ekdZ4%19 eè;s ;s'kwus EgVys] ßo uarj iziapkph fpark] nzO;kpk eksg

105


o brj xks"Vhapk yksHk gh R;kaP;keè;s f'k:u opukph ok<[kqaVforkr vkf.k rs fu"QG gksrs-Þ vki.k ppZeè;s clwu dqBysghQG u nsrk] o"kkZuqo"ksZ nsokps opu ,sdw 'kdrk- ck;cy Eg.krsdh txkrhy brj oLrwalkBh okluk opukph ok< [kqaVfors vkf.krs vki.kkBk;h ts dkgh djhr vkgs R;kl jn~n djrs-

okluk caèku vk.krs

vki.k vkiys Lokra«; xekowu clrks vkf.k R;k oLrwaps xqykecurks T;kaph vkEgh okluk èkjyh vkgs- ikSykus jkse 6%12 ;kopukr fyfgys vkgs] ßEg.kwu rqEgh vkiY;k 'kjhjoklukaP;kvèkhu u Ogkos Eg.kwu ikikus rqeP;k eR;Z 'kjhjkr jkT; d:u;s-Þ vki.k T;kP;k vkKsps ikyu djrk] R;kps vki.k xqykevkgkr-ßvkKkikyukdfjrk T;kyk rqEgh Lor%l xqyke vlsleiZ.k dfjrk] T;kph vkKk rqEgh ekurk R;kps rqEgh xqykevkgk- T;kpk ifj.kke ej.k vkgs v'kk ikikps xqyke] fdaokT;kpk ifj.kke uhfreRo vkgs v'kk vkKkikyukps rqEgh xqykevkgk] gs rqEgkyk BkÅd ukgh dk;\Þ ¼jkse 6%16½-

okluk vkeP;k izk.kkapk vkf.k 'kjhjkapk uk'k ?kMowuvk.krs

nSfgd okluk vkepk izk.k] eu] bPNk vkf.k Hkkouk ;kfo#);q) djhr vlrs- ßfiz;tugks] ts rqEgh ^izoklh o ijns'koklh*vkgk R;k rqEgkl eh fouarh dfjrks dh] ftokRE;kcjkscj y<.kkÚ;knSfgd oklukiklwu nwj jkgkÞ ¼1 is= 2%11½- tj vki.k vuqfprlekxekr fyIr vlky vkf.k Eg.kr vlky] ßeh fpRr ,dkxz

106


d: 'kdr ukgh]Þ vkf.k vkiys eu vk.k[kh dkgh dj.;klkBhHkjdVr vlrs] rj rh nsgokluk gks; ftyk vkiY;k thoukriq<s ok<r tk.;kph laèkh ykHkyh vkgs] T;keqGs vls ?kMrvkgs- okluk vkeps eu] bPNk vkf.k Hkkouk ;kfo#) ;q)djrs vkf.k vkEgkl vkeP;k eukr] ,dkxz dj.;kP;k vkeP;k{kersr] Lej.k dj.;kP;k vkeP;k ik=rsr vkf.k nsokus vkEgklfnysY;k cq)hr nqcZG djrs- rh vkeP;k 'kjhjklkBh ns[khyvik;dkjd vkgs- ßtkjdekZP;k izlaxkiklwu iG dk<k- ts dks.krsghnqljs ikideZ euq"; dfjrks rs 'kjhjkckgs:u gksrs( ijarq tkstkjdeZ dfjrks rks vkiY;k 'kjhjkckcr iki dfjrksÞ ¼1 dfjaFk-6%18½- tsOgk vki.k ySafxd vuSfrdrsr fyIr gksrk] rsOgkvki.k iki djhr vkgk vkf.k vkiY;k Lor%ps 'kjhj Hkz"Vdjhr vkgk-

oklusP;k leL;soj l[kksy n"Vh

gîkk izdj.kkP;k vkjaHkh] eh EgVys dh tsOgk vkeP;k bPNka}kjsvkf.k vkeP;k Lor%P;k okluka}kjs vkEgh vks<ys tkrks] rsOgkvkEgh ijh{kkar iMrks- ijarq dèkhdèkh] leL;k i"BHkkxkoj ulwuR;kis{kk [kksy vlrs vkf.k R;kph fofoèk brj dkj.ks vlw'kdrkr-

t[eh vkRek

t[eh vkRE;keqGs yksd Qkfty O;lukr iMrkr] T;kaP;kHkkouk nq[kkoY;k tkrkr vFkok m)oLr gksrkr & dnkfprR;kaP;k fiz;tukapk eR;w >kyk vlkok] ?kVLQksV >kyk vlkok]

107


vkfFkZd leL;k vlrhy] dtZcktkjhi.kkyk rksaM |kos ykxysvlsy vFkok R;kaP;k thoukar dkghrjh Hk;adj ?kMys vlsy& R;keqGs rs izek.kkckgsj O;lukr iMys- v'kkizdkjP;k ifjfLFkrharvkEgh izFke ewG dkj.kkl rksaM fnys ikfgts vkf.k R;k O;DrhP;kvkrafjd t[ek cÚ;k dsY;k ikfgtsr- uksdjh xekfoY;keqGsyksd nk: fiÅ ykxrkr] vFkok fiz; fe= T;kP;koj rs voyacwugksrs] rks R;kauk lksMwu xsyk & dnkfpr R;kapk tksMhnkj &vkf.k Eg.kwu rs HkkoukRedfjR;k nq[kkoys gksrs- ;keqGs R;kaukosM ykx.;kph ikGh vkyh gksrh vkf.k rs Qkfty O;lukriMys & e|] flxkjsV] vFkok vuSfrdrk- vki.k izFke leL;sP;keqGkl lacksfèkr dsys ikfgts- ßeuq";kps fpRRk vkiyh O;kfèklgu dfjrs( i.k O;kdqG fpRRk dks.kkP;kus izlUu djosy\Þ¼uhfrlw=s 18%14½- ?kk;kG vFkok t[eh vkRek & 'kkjhfjdt[e uOgs] ijarq vkrhy dkghrjh & cjs >kys ikfgts-

dkgh okluk nqjkRE;ka}kjs izsfjr vlrkr

ifo= 'kkL= izdV djrs dh fofoèk izdkjps nqjkRes vkgs tsikie; vkpj.kkl izsfjr djrkr- dkgh okluk nqjkRE;ka}kjs izsfjrvlrkr- vkEgh nqjkRE;kafo"k;h vki.kkl ?kkc:u lksM.;kluOgs] rj vki.kkl lTt dj.;klkBh cksyrks- vkiY;k Lor%P;kbPNkaf'kok;] loZ xks"Vh ;k ikrGhoj iksgpysY;k vlw 'kdrkrtsFks nqjkRes vkgsr ts gîkk ikrdkal izsfjr djhr vkgsr vkf.kR;kal vkiY;k thoukar etcwr caèku cuohr vkgsr- ck;cyvusd izdkjP;k nqjkRE;kafo"k;h lkaxrs-

v'kq) vkRes vkgsr ts vuSfrd thou'kSyh mRiUu djrkr-

108


v'kq) vkRek ek.klkrwu fu?kkyk Eg.kts rks folkok 'kksfèkrfutZy LFkyh fQjr jkgrks] ijarq rks R;kyk feGr ukgh ¼eRRk;12%43½-

dkgh foÑr vkRes vkgsr] nsokus T;kizdkjs oLrawuh@yksdkauhvlkos vls Bjfoys vkgs] R;kar fodkj mRiUu djrkr vFkokR;kaps mYya?ku djrkr-

ijes'ojku s R;k aP;kr Hk z akro`fRRk ?kkryh vkgs( e|ih ok afrdjhr yksGrks rls R;kauh felj ns'kkyk R;kP;k izR;sd dkekrcgdfoys vkgs ¼;'k;k 19%14½-

gs opu vls nk[kfors dh t.kwdkgh nsokus Hkzkar dj.kkjk vkRekikBfoyk gksrk- rFkkfi laiw.kZ opu ikfgY;kuarj] vkEgh tk.krksdh nsokyk iFohoj vkiyh bPNk lkè; dj.;klkBh foÑrvkRE;kaph xjt ukgh- ;k opukpk ;ksX; vFkZ gk vkgs dh tsOgknsokus yksdkaps v[kaM iki ikfgys ¼gîkk mnkgj.kkr] felj ns'k½]rsOgk R;kus vkiyh nSoh; lqj{kk dk<wu ?ksryh- ;keqGs yksdkaP;kikrdkeqGs vkÑ"V foÑr vkRE;kal R;kaP;k thoukar izos'kfeGkyk vkf.k R;kauh R;kal caèkukr ?ksrys-

os';koRrhps nqjkRes vkgsr

ek>s yksd vkiY;k ykdMkP;k BksdGîkkyk iz'u fopkjrkr(R;kaph dkBh R;kauk 'kdwu lkaxrs( dkj.k vukpkjcq)hus R;kalcgdfoys vkgs] ijes'ojkpk R;kx dj.ks gk vukpkj R;kauhdsyk vkgs ¼gks'ks; 4%12½-

R;kaph desZ R;kauk vkiY;k nsokdMs oGw nsr ukghr] dkj.k

109


vukpkjcq)h R;kaP;k Bk;h vkgs] ijes'ojkyk rs vksG[khrukghr ¼gks'ks; 5%4½-

os';koRrhps vkRes yksdkal nsokiklwu nwj usrkr vkf.k brjxks"Vhaps vuqlj.k dj.;kl izsfjr djrkr] v'kkizdkjs R;kaP;k}kjsvkè;kfRed O;fHkpkj djowu ?ksrkr-

,d caèkukpk vkRek vkgs tks ikikps caèku] vfuok;Z lo;hvkf.k O;lus mRiUu djrks-

ßdkj.k iqUgk Hkhfr ckGxkoh vlk nkli.kkpk vkRek rqEgkykfeGkyk ukgh( rj T;kP;k ;ksxs vki.k vCck] ckik] v'khgkd ekjrks vlk nRRkdi.kkpk vkRek rqEgkyk feGkyk vkgsÞ¼jkse 8%15½-

voKspk vkRek vkgs] tks lR;kfo#) voKk vkf.k caM[kksji.kkmRiUu djrks-

R;k ikrdkaeè;s rqEgh iwohZ pkyr gksrk] vFkkZr~ gîkk txkP;kjgkVhizek.k s varfj{kk arhy jkT;kpk vfèkifr Eg.kts vkKkeksM.kkÚ;k yksdkar vkrk dk;Z dj.kkÚ;k vkRE;kpk vfèkifrgîkkP;k èkksj.kkizek.ks pkyr gksrk ¼bfQl- 2%2½-

gîkk txkpk vkRek vkgs tks txhdrk ?ksÅu ;srks-

vkiY;kyk txkpk vkRek uOgs] rj nsokiklwu fu?k.kkjk vkRekfeGkyk vkgs( gîkklkBh dh] ts nsokus vkiY;kyk Ñisus fnysrs vki.k vksG[kwu ?;kos ¼1 dfjaFk- 2%12½-

cgdfo.kkjk vFkok Hkzfer dj.kkjk vkRek vkgs tks gîkk txkP;k

110


oLrwadMs vkdf"kZr gks.;kl o R;kaP;k ik'kkr iM.;kl yksdkalizsfjr djrks-

vkRek Li"V Eg.krks dh] iq<hy dkGh fo'oklkiklwu fdR;sdyksd Hkz"V gksrhy ¼1 rheF;- 4%1½-

vkf.k nq"V o Hkkasnw ek.kls gh nqlÚ;kl Qlowu o Lor% Qlwunq"Vi.kkar vfèkd ljlkorhy ¼2 rheF;- 3%13½-

Eg.kwu vusd izdkjps nqjkRes vkgsr ts vkeP;k lHkksorkyP;ktxkr dk;Z djhr vlrkr- nq[kkph xks"V gh vkgs dhv'kkizdkjP;k vkRE;kauh fo'okl.kkÚ;kaP;k thoukar izos'k djkokgs 'kD; vkgs-

fo'okl.kkÚ;kP;k thoukar rVcanh vlw 'kdrs

uok tUe izkIr] vU;kU; Hkk"kk cksy.kkÚ;k] ppZyk tk.kkÚ;k]fo'okl.kkÚ;kP;k thoukar & R;kP;k izk.k{ks=kr rVcanh vlw'kdrs T;koj nqjkRE;kaps fu;a=.k vlw 'kdrs- ikSy rVcanhfo"k;hcksyrks % ßdkj.k vkeP;k ;q)kph 'kL=s nSfgd ukghr] rjrVcanh tehunksLr dj.;kl rh nsokP;k n"Vhus leFkZ vkgsr-rdZfordZ o nsofo"k;d Kkukfo#) map mHkkjysys vls loZdkgh ikMwu Vkdwu vkEgh izR;sd dYiuk vafdr d:u frykf[kzLrkiq<s eku okdfo.;kl ykorks( vkf.k rqEgh vkKkikyukriw.kZ Ogky rsOgk loZ vkKkHkaxkcn~ny 'kklu djko;kl vkEghfl) vkgksÞ ¼2 dfjaFk- 10%4&6½-

vuSfrd eu lSrkukph rVcanh vkgs & v'kh cq)h vFkok eu

111


ts okbZVkl pkaxys o pkaxY;kl okbZV letrs- tfxdrsP;kcaèkukr vlysys eu fo'okl.kkÚ;kP;k thoukar lSrkukl ikÅyVkd.;klkBh tkxk nsrs & vkeP;k oSpkfjd thoukph {ks=sT;kal vkEgh izdk'kkr u vk.krk vaèkkjkr Bsforks- v'kh LFkkustsFks vkEgh nsokP;k opukP;k lR;kl lefiZr gks.;k,sothyckMhpk Lohdkj djrks] gîkkp {ks=kar lSrku vkEgkl caèkukrVkdrks- eh ,dk blek'kh cksyr gksrks tks dkgh dkGkiwohZeknd vkS"k?kkaps lsou djhr vls vkf.k eh R;kyk fopkjys] ßrwgs dk djrksl\Þ vkf.k R;kus mRrj fnys] ßeh dkghgh pwddjhr ukgh- eh vki.kkl btk djhr ukgh] ex vki.k gs pqdhpsvls dk Eg.kr vkgk\Þ gk rdZiw.kZ fopkj >kyk] rFkkfi ghrVcanh vkgs- rks fopkj djrks] ßtksoj eh vk.k[kh dks.kkl btkdjhr ukgh] rksoj eknd inkFkkZaps lsou dj.ks Bhd vkgs-Þ

rVcanh dk; vkgs\ rVcanh vkeP;k eukrhy fopkjlj.kh vkgstsFks vkEgh ikikizr lfg".kw >kyks vkgksr] tsFks vkEgh rMtksMdsyh vkgs vkf.k yckMhpk Lohdkj d:u lR;kpk vOgsj dsykvkgs] v'kkizdkjs lSrkukyk vkeP;k eukar izHkkokps LFkku vkf.kcpkokps LFkku fnys vkgs- ßtksoj ikGdkl rs fnlr ukgh] rksojrs ekÖ;klkBh Bhd vkgs]Þ vlk vki.k fopkj d: 'kdrk-Eg.kwu] vkBoMîkkr T;k xks"Vh vki.k djrk R;kfo"k;h vki.kkldkghp pqdhps okVr ukgh vkf.k jfookjP;k igkVs ßgkysyq ;kgÞxkrkauk vkiys eu vki.kkl nks"k nsr ukgh! gh rVcanh vkgs]fopkj'kSyh vkgs th vkeP;k eukr gk fopkj vk.krs dhloZdkgh pkyrs vkf.k vkEgkl ikikizr lfg".kw cufors- vkEghvkeP;k thoukar lSrkukyk izHkkokps LFkku nsrks- gîkk rVcanh}kjs]

112


lSrkukaP;k dk;Zdykikal vkeP;kr [kjks[kj laj{k.k ykHkrs ;kpsdkj.k rh fopkjlj.kh ftpk vkEgh vkeP;k eukr Lohdkjdsyk vkgs vkf.k T;kl eqHkk fnyh vkgs- gs [kjs vkgs dhvkeP;k vkRE;kar ifo= vkRek vkèkhp oLrh djhr vlY;keqGsvkEgkl nqjkRek iNkMw 'kdr ukgh- rFkkfi] f[kzLrh O;DrhnqjkRE;kP;k caèkukr vlw 'kdrs] R;k}kjs ihfMr] =Lr vlw'kdrs] vkf.k R;kP;k eukP;k vFkok 'kjhjkP;k dkgh HkkxkarnqjkRE;kapk dCtk vlrks & tsOgk rks R;akl lrr pqdhP;kfopkjka}kjs vkf.k orZuka}kjs izos'k nsrks- mnkgj.kkFkZ] tj vki.klrr v'yhy fp= vFkok fp=iV ikgr vlky] gss vki.kdèkh dèkh efgU;krwu ,dnk djhr vlky] i.k rh fu;ferlkIrkfgd lo; cuw 'kdrs vkf.k yodjp R;kokpwu vkiyspky.kkj ukghdk; >kys vkgs\ vkiY;k izk.kkaP;k R;k {sk=kojv'kq) vkRE;kpk dCtk >kyk vkgs] T;keqGs vkiY;k var%dj.kkrvfu;af=r vuSfrd vkpj.k ?kMwu ;sr vkgs- Eg.kwu vkrk ghuSfefRrd lo; jkfgysyh ukgh & rs caèku vkf.k rVcanh vkgs-usgehph lo;] vukoj okluk] vfuok;Z orZu gh vR;ar laHkkO;{ks=s vkgsr th nqjkRE;ka}kjs izsfjr vlrkr- ikie; lo;h lacafèkrnqjkRE;kps fuoklLFkku curkr] gs nqjkRes fo'okl.kkÚ;kP;k thoukarrVcanh cuys vkgsr vkf.k R;k O;Drhl caèkukr Bsorkr-

vls Eg.kr vlrkauk] vkEgh izR;sd ikie; orZuklkBh lSrkukyknks"k nsÅu Lor%P;k ikrdkaoj ika?k:u ?kky.;kpk iz;Ru djhrukgh- vls Eg.kw udk] ßlSrku rs ekÖ;k}kjs d:u ?ksr vkgs-Þvki.k nkj m?kMys vkf.k 'k=wyk izos'k fnyk- vki.k tokcnkjvkgkr vkf.k Eg.kwu R;klkBh lSrkukyk nks"k nsÅ udk- vki.k

113


vuSfrd thou'kSyhps xkaHkh;Z letwu ?ksrys ikfgts- tsOgk O;DrhvuSfrd vkpj.k lq: Bsors] rsOgk rh lSrkukl izos'k nsrs dhR;kus R;kP;k eukr] Lusg fo'okr vkf.k 'kjhjkr tkxk feGokoh-Eg.kwu vkEgkyk vkeP;k thoukar 'k=wyk izos'k ns.;kfo#)Lor%pk cpko dsyk ikfgts-

vkEgh oklusps lkeF;Z dls u"V djkos\

lR;kpk Lohdkj djk

Eg.kk] ßgks;] eh lR;kpk Lohdkj d: bfPNrks-Þ lR; dk;vkgs\

T;k dks.kkps dke tGwu tkbZy] R;kpk rksVk gksbZy] rFkkfi rksLor% rkjyk tkb Zy] ij ar q t.k w dk; vXuhr wu ckg sjiMysY;klkj[kk rkjyk tkbZy- rqEgh nsokps eafnj vkgk vkf.krqEgkaeè;s nsokpk vkRek okl dfjrks gs rqEgkl BkÅd ukghdk\ ¼1 dfjaFk- 3%15]16½-

'kjhj ifo= vlys ikfgts- rs MksGîkkaP;k oklusiklwu vkf.knsgoklusiklwu eqDr vlys ikfgts- vkeP;k 'kjhjkar vkf.keukr dks.krhgh vuSfrd vFkok v'kq) xks"V izos'k djrk dkek

114


rVcanh vkeP;k eukrhy fopkjlj.kh vkgs tsFks vkEgh ikikizrlfg".kw >kyks vkgksr] tsFks vkEgh rMtksM dsyh vkgs vkf.kyckMhpk Lohdkj d:u lR;kpk vOgsj dsyk vkgs] v'kkizdkjslSrkukyk vkeP;k eukar izHkkokps LFkku vkf.k cpkokps LFkkufnys vkgs-

u;s- vkeph 'kjhjs ySafxd vuSfrdrsslkBh ?kMfo.;kr vkyhuOgrh-

vUu iksVklkBh o iksV vUuklkBh vkgs( i.k R;k nksgksapkghvar nso djhy- i.k 'kjhj tkjdekZlkBh ukgh] rj izHkqlkBhvkgs( vkf.k 'kjhjklkBh izHk q vkgs- nsoku s izHk qyk mBfoysvkf.k rks vkiY;k lkeF;kZau s vkiY;kykgh mBohy- rqeph'kjhjs f[kzLrkps vo;o vkgsr gs rqEgkl BkÅd ukgh dk;\rj ex eh f[kzLrkps vo;o usÅu rs dlfc.khps vo;o djkosdk;\ dèkhp ukgh! tks dlfc.kh'kh tMyk rks o rh ,d'kjhjvkgsr] gs rqEgkl BkÅd ukgh dk;\ dkj.k ^rh nks?ks ,dnsggksrhy]* vls rks Eg.krks- ijarq tks izHkq'kh tMyk rks o izHkq,d vkRek vkgsr- tkjdekZP;k izlaxkiklwu iG dk<k- tsdks.krsgh nqljs ikideZ euq"; dfjrks rs 'kjhjkckgs:u gksrs(ijarq tks tkjdeZ dfjrks rks vkiY;k 'kjhjkckcr iki dfjrks-rqeps 'kjhj] rqEgkaeè;s ol.kkjk tks ifo= vkRek nsokiklwurqEgkyk feGkyk vkgs R;kps eafnj vkgs gs rqEgkl BkÅd ukghdk;\ vkf.k rqEgh Lor%ps ekyd ukgh( dkj.k rqEgh eksykusfodr ?ksrysys vkgk( Eg.kwu rqEgh vkiY;k 'kjhjkus nsokpsxkSjo djk ¼1 dfjaFk- 6%13&20½-

vkeP;klkBh nsokph bPNk gh vkgs dh vkEgh ifo= vlkos-

dkj.k nsokph bPNk vkgs dh] rqeps ifo=hdj.k Ogkos] Eg.ktsrqEgh tkjdek Zikl wu Lor%yk vfyIr Bsokos- n sokyk uvksG[k.kkÚ;k ijjk"Vªh;kaizek.ks dkeoklusus uOgs] rj ifo=rsuso vczwus rqEgkarhy izR;sdkus vkiY;k nsgkoj rkck dlk Bsokokrs letwu ?;kos ¼1 FksLly--4%3&5½-

115


vkEgkl dcwy dj.;kph vkf.k i'pkrki dj.;kph vkf.kR;kpk R;kx dj.;kph xjt vkgs

vki.k lSrkuklkBh th nkjs eksdGh dsyh] rh vki.k can dsyhikfgtsr- eaMGhr i'pkrki dj.ks] vJw <kG.ks] rh iqlwu Vkd.ksvkf.k nkjkckgsj iM.ks] o ljG T;k xks"Vhaiklwu vkEgkl lqVdkizkIr dj.;kph xjt vkgs R;kp xks"VhadMs ijr tk.ks lksis vkgs-ex vkepk i'pkrki O;FkZ Bjrks-

nsgokluk rIr dj.;klkBh rjrwn d: udk

rj rqEgh izHkq ;s'kw f[kzLrkyk ifjèkku djk] vkf.k nsgoklukrIr dj.;klkBh rjrwn d: udk ¼jkse 13%14½-

vki.k i'pkrki dsY;kuarj gh [kk=h d:u ?;k dh vki.kizR;sd nkj can dsys vkgs- lSrkukyk vkiY;k thoukar laèkh nsÅudk- tj ldkGP;k ckrehi=keqGs vkiys y{k v'yhyrsdMstkr vlsy] rj R;k oRri=kph oxZ.kh can djk- vki.k Eg.krvlky] ßijarq eyk ckreh okpk;ph vkgs-Þ txkrhy izR;sdxks"V tk.kwu ?ksÅu ujdkr tk.;kis{kk vKku jkgwu LoxkZr tk.kscjs- tj vkiY;k dscy Vh OgheqGs vki.k rklu~rkl dkspojiMwu jkgr vlky] rj R;kph oxZ.kh can djk- vki.k Eg.krkdh ckrehlkBh vki.kkl R;kph xjt vkgs] i.k tj vki.kbrj loZdkgh ikgkr vlky] rj dscy Vh OghP;k oxZ.khokpwuLoxkZr tk.ks vfèkd mRRke vkgs- ;s'kwus EgVys] ßrq>k mtokgkr rqyk ikikl izoRr djhr vlsy rj rks rksMwu Vkdwu ns(dkj.k rq>s laiw.kZ 'kjhj ujdkr iMkos( gîkkis{kk rqÖ;k ,dk

116


vo;okpk uk'k Ogkok gs rqÖ;k fgrkps vkgsÞ ¼eRRk; 5%30½-rks v{kj'k% 'kkjhfjd vo;okacn~ny cksyr uOgrk] rj R;koLrwafo"k;h cksyr gksrk T;k ikikl izoRr djrkr- gîkk xks"VhaiklwulDrhus ßnwj >kys ikfgts-Þ 'kjhjklkBh rjrwn d: udk- ,dnki'pkrki dsY;kuarj lSrkukyk iqUgk izos'k dj.;kph laèkh nsÅudk- vFkok vkiyk 'ksoV v'kk fLFkrhr gksbZy th iwohZis{kklkr iVhus okbZV vkgs- ¼tj vki.k R;kfo"k;h xaHkhj ulky] rji'pkrki d: udk-½

dkgh O;ogkfjd xks"Vh djk

gs letwu ?;k dh dkgh {ks=s v'kh vkgs tsFks vki.kkl fot;feGfo.;klkBh uhfreku yksdkaP;k enrhph] lgk¸;kph vkf.kcGkph xjt vkgs- gh xjt vksG[kwu fot;h thou tx.;klkBh;ksX; yksdkaP;k laidkZr jkg.;kr dkghgh pqdhps ukgh- vkEgkyk,desdkaph xjt vkgs- gîkkp ,dk dkj.kkeqGs vkeP;k eaMGhrlsy xzwi~l vlrkr-

vk.k[kh dkgh O;ogkfjd xks"Vh T;k vki.k d:'kdrk R;k vkgsr %

fL=;kadMs okluke; n"Vhus ikg.;kl udkj |k-

rw vkiys fpRRk frP;k lkSan;kZl ikgwu yksyqi gksÅ udks(frP;k us=dVk{kkyk o'k gksÅ udks ¼uhfrlw=s 6%25½-

ts dkgh vki.kktoG vkgs R;kr larq"V vlk-

117


rqeph okx.kwd nzO;yksHkkokpwu vlkoh( toG vkgs rso<îkkarrqEgh rIr vlkos( dkj.k R;kus Lor% EgVys vkgs] ^eh rqyklksMwu tk.kkj ukgh o rqyk Vkd.kkj ukgh-* ¼bczh- 13%5½-

fpRRk&lekèkkuklg HkfDr gk rj eksBkp ykHk vkgs ¼1 rheF;-6%6½-

vèkeZ vkf.k txhd oklukapk ukdkj djk- lH;] uhfreku vkf.kèkkfeZd thou txk-

vki.k vHkDrhyk o ,sfgd oklukauk ukdk:u lkaizrP;k ;qxkare;kZnsus] uhrhus] o lqHkDrhus okxkos ¼rhrkl i= 2%12½-

vkRE;kP;k izsj.ksus pkyk] Eg.kts vki.k nsgokluk iw.kZ dj.kkjukgh-

eh rj Eg.krks] vkRE;kP;k izsj.ksus pkyk] Eg.ktss rqEgh nsgoklukiw.k Z dj.kkjp ukghdkj.k nsgokluk vkRE;kfo#) vkgs ovkRek nsgoklusfo#) vkgs( gh ijLijfo#) vkgsr] gîkklkBhdh] ts dkgh rqEgh bfPNrk rs rqeP;k gkrwu ?kMw u;s- ts f[kzLr;s'kwps vkgsr R;kauh fodkj o okluk gîkkaP;klg nsgLoHkkooèkLraHkkoj f[kGyk vkgs ¼xyrh 5%16]17]24½-

vkiys var%dj.k nsokP;k opukdMs ykok vkf.k vki.k yksHkkiklwueqDr Ogky-

ekÖ;k eukpk dy vU;k¸; ykHkkdMs udks rj rqÖ;k ekxkZareyk uothou ns ¼L=ksrlafgrk 119%36½-

lSrkukl uhfreku thoukps Hk; okVrs & vls thou ts ifo=rsrvkf.k 'kq)rsr nsokl iw.kZi.ks lefiZr vkgs- R;kyk v'kk O;DrhphHkhrh okVr ukgh tks vfHkf"kDr vkf.k ÑiknkusizkIr vkgs] i.k

118


R;kaP;k thoukr ikslysyh ikis vkgsr- [kjs Eg.kts] R;kykv'kk yksdkafo"k;h vkuan gksrks dkj.k rks vkrk ;qfDriwoZdfjR;kR;kapk ßikMko d: 'kdrksÞ vkf.k R;kaP;k iruk}kjs loZfBdk.kP;k f[kzLrh yksdkapk tkLrhr tkLr uk'k djhy- rFkkfi]lSrkukl uhfreku thou vHks| okVrs & vlk cpko T;kr rksf'kjdko d: 'kdr ukgh-

oklusps lkeF;Z ;kus rksMrk ;srs %

119


;k}kjs oklusps lkeF;Z gk.kwu ikMk* lR;kpk Lohdkj dj.ks-

* ikikpk vaxhdkj dj.ks] i'pkrki dj.ks vkf.k R;kpkR;kx dj.ks-

* 'kjhjkP;k oklukaph rjrwn u dj.ks-

* fot; izkIr dj.;klkBh uhfreku yksdkaph enr] cG]vkf.k lgk¸; izkIr dj.ks-

* L=h@iq#"kkafo"k;h ikiokluk ckGx.;kl ukdkj ns.ks-

* ts dkgh vki.kktoG vkgs R;kr larq"V jkg.ks-

* vèkeZ vkf.k txhd oklukapk ukdkj dj.ks o xaHkhj]uhfreRrkiw.kZ vkf.k èkkfeZd thou tx.ks-

* vkRE;kuqlkj pky.ks Eg.kts vki.k nsgkP;k okluk iw.kZdj.kkjp ukgh-

* vkiys var%dj.k nsokP;k opukdMs yko.ks vkf.kyksHkkiklwu lqVdk izkIr dj.ks-

izkFkZuk] vaxhdkj] i'pkrki vkf.k ikikpk R;kxLoxhZ; fiR;k] eh rqÖ;ktoG ;s'kw f[kzLrkP;k ukokr ;srks- ehdcwy djrks dh eh ekÖ;k thoukrhy rh {ks=s Lor%toGjk[kwu Bsfoyh vkgsr th eh iw.kZi.ks ;s'kw f[kzLrkP;k izHkqRokllefiZr dsysyh ukghr & LokFkkZph LFkkus] eRljkph LFkkus]xokZph LFkkus] oklusph LFkkus vkf.k ikikizr lfg".kqrk- vkt];s'kwP;k ukokr] eh rqyk fouarh djrks dh eyk {kek dj vkf.k;s'kwP;k cgqewY; jDrkus eyk 'kq) dj-

¼fof'k"V fu;fer ikis] vkpj.k] O;lu ;kaph ukos ?ksÅuizHkqleksj dcwy djkoh vkf.k i'pkrki djkok½-

ifo= vkRE;kP;k lkeF;kZus vkf.k ;s'kwP;k ukokr] eh ekÖ;kthoukojhy lSrkukP;k izR;sd izHkkokl ckaèkwu Vkdrks- ehv'kq)rsP;k vkRE;kapk vkf.k foÑrhP;k vkRE;kapk vOgsj djrksvkf.k R;kal ekÖ;k thoukr dqBysgh LFkku nsr ukgh- ehos';koRrhP;k vkRE;kpk vOgsj djrks vkf.k ekÖ;k thoukP;kizHkq ijes'ojkiklwu nwj HkVd.;kl ukdkj nsrks- eh izfrKk djrksdh eh izHkq ;s'kw f[kzLrkizr iw.kZ fu"Bk jk[khu- ekÖ;k thoukrnsokps LFkku ?ks.kkÚ;k dks.kR;kgh xks"Vhps vuqlj.k dj.;kl ehukdkj nsrks- eh ewfrZiwtsP;k izR;sd Lo:ikpk R;kx djrks vkf.kR;kal gk.kwu ikMrks- eh [kÚ;k o ftoar ijes'ojkP;k dks.kR;kghizfr:ikph eqHkk ns.;kl ukdkj nsrks& i.k vkRE;kus vkf.k[kjsi.kkus dsoG R;kph mikluk dj.;kph fuoM djrks-

eh caèkukP;k vkRE;kpk vOgsj djrks- ;s'kwP;k ukokr] ;s'kwP;k

120


jDrk}kjs vkf.k ifo= vkRE;kP;k lkeF;kZus eh ekÖ;k thoukrhyikikP;k izR;sd caèkukl rksMrks- eh izR;sd vfuok;Z lo;]vukoj bPNk vkf.k O;lukpk uk'k djrks- ;s'kwP;k ukokr eheqDr vkgs] dkj.k f[kzLrkus eyk caèkeqDr dsys vkgs!

eh voKsP;k vkRE;kpk vOgsj djrks vkf.k lR;kfo#) voKspkvkf.k caMkpk ukdkj djrks- eh lR;kpk Lohdkj djrks vkf.kLor%l nsokP;k opukP;k lR;kP;k vèkhu djrks- eh gîkktxkP;k vkRE;kpk ukdkj djrks vkf.k gîkk txkl le:igks.;kl ukdkj nsrks- ifo= vkRE;kP;k enrhus eh nsokP;kopukuqlkj pky.;kph fuoM djrks- eh Hkzfe"V dj.kkÚ;knqjkRE;kaP;k izHkkokpk vOgsj djrks vkf.k gîkk txkP;k vkd"kZ.kkal'kj.k tk.;kl ukdkj nsrks-

ifo= vkRE;kP;k lkeF;kZ}kjs vkf.k nsokP;k opuk}kjs eh ?kks"k.kkdjrks dh izR;sd rVcanh u"V >kyh vkgs vkf.k ekÖ;k thoukrwuR;kpk ik;k ukghlk >kyk vkgs- eh izHkq ;s'kwyk laèkh nsrks dhR;kus izR;sd {ks=kr R;kps opu o uhfreRo LFkkiu djkos tsFksgîkk rVcanhaps vfLrRo vkgs- nsokps opu] R;kps lkfUuè; oR;kps lR;] ekÖ;k thoukr ,deso rVcanh vlsy- ifo=vkRek eyk loZ lR;kr] 'kq)rsr vkf.k ifo=sr usrks- ;s'kwP;kukokr- vkesu!

121


vkWy ihiYl ppZlkscr HkkfxnkjhvkWy ihiYl ppZ LFkkfud eaMGîkaP;k :ikr laiw.kZ Hkkjr ns'kkr]fo'ks"kr% mRrj Hkkjrkr lqokrkZ xktohr vkiY;k ljgn~nhiyhdMs lsokdjhr vkgs- R;kps fo'ks"k è;s; ¼v½ iq<kÚ;kal fLFkj dj.ks] ¼c½ r:.kkallsoslkBh lqlTt dj.ks vkf.k ¼d½ f[kzLrkP;k eaMGhph ok< dj.ks vkgs-r:.kkalkBh izf'k{k.k lEesyu] f[kzLrh iq<kÚ;kalkBh lHkkaps laiw.kZ o"kZHkjvk;kstu dsys tkrs- ;kf'kok;] iqLrdkaP;k fdR;sd gtkjks izrhapsbaxzth vkf.k brj vusd Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkar foukewY; forj.k dsys tkrs]R;kekxs gsrw gk vkgs dh fo'okl.kkÚ;kal opu vkf.k vkRE;kr ok<d:u nîkkoh-

vkEgh vki.kkl fuea=.k nsrks dh ,dk osGsps nku ikBowu fdaok ekfldvkfFkZd nku ikBowu vkfFkZdfjR;k vkeP;klkscr Hkkfxnkjh djkoh-laiw.kZ jk"Vªkr gs dk;Z djrk ;kos Eg.kwu th nkujk'kh vki.k ikBow'kdrk] R;klkBh vkEgh vkiys vkHkkjh jkgw-

vki.k vkiY;k ns.kX;k psd@cSad MªkW¶VP;k }kjs ßvkWy ihiYl ppZ]csaxyksjÞ P;k ukokoj vkeP;k dk;kZy;kP;k iRR;koj ikBow 'kdrkfdaok [kkyhy ekfgrhP;k vkèkkjs vkeP;k c¡d [kkR;kr Vkdw 'kdrk %

Account Name: All Peoples ChurchAccount Number: 0057213809IFSC Code: CITI0000004Bank: Citibank N.A., No. 5, M.G. Road, Bengaluru,Karnataka 560001

Ñi;k y{kkr Bsok% vkWy ihiYl ppZtoG ,Qlhvkj, ijfeV ukgh-;k dkj.kkLro dsoG Hkkjrh; ukxfjdkaps c¡d va'knku Lohdkj djrk;s.kkj ukgh- vkiyh ns.kxh ikBohr vlrkauk] Li"Vi.ks fygk dhvki.k ,ihlh lsosP;k dks.kT;k {ks=klkBh nku ikBow bfPNrk-R;kpizek.ks] vkeP;klkBh o vkeP;k lsokdk;kZlkBh 'kD; rsOgkizkFkZuk dj.ks foljrk dkek u;s-

èkU;okn vkf.k ijes'oj nso vki.kkl vk'khokZfnr djks!

foukewY; izdk'kus1- vkiY;k thouklkBh ijes'ojkpk gsrw iw.kZ dj.ks2- izkekf.kdi.kk3- jkT;kph LFkkiuk dj.kkjs4- eqGkoj dqÚgkMhpk okj

ojhy loZ iqLrds ihMh,Q vkoRrhr foukewY; MkÅuyksMlkBhvkeP;k ppZP;k ladsrLFkGkoj apcwo.org/publicationsmiyCèk vkgsr- ;kiSdh dkgh iqLrds brj Hkk"kkargh miyCèkvkgsr- gîk iqLrdkaph foukewY; eqfnzr izr izkIr dj.;klkBhbZ&esy ;k Mkd}kjs vkeP;k'khs laidZ djkok-

rlsp] foukewY; vkWfM;ks vkf.k fofM;ks lans'k] lans'kkps uksV~lVh-oh- dk;ZØe vkf.k brj vusd lkeqxzh alkBh vkeP;kladsrLFkGkl HksV nîkkoh % apcwo.org

vkWy ihiYl ppZ

c¡xyksj 'kgjkr ehB vkf.k izdk'k Bjkos] vkf.k Hkkjr ns'kkrrlsp laiw.kZ txkrhy jk"Vªkar ,d vkokt+ cu.ks gk vkWyihiYl ppZ ¼,ihlh½ pk n"Vkar vkgs-

,ihlheè;s vkEgh nsokps laiw.kZ opu dqBY;kgh izdkjph rMtksMu djrk] ifo= vkRE;kP;k vfHk"ksdkus o izdVhdj.kkus lknjdj.;kizr opuc) vkgksr- vkepk fo'okl vkgs dh mRrelaxhr] jpukRed lknjhdj.k] cqf)eRrkiw.kZ rRoleFkZu]ledkyhu lsokdk;kZP;k i)rh] vkèkqfud ra=Kku bR;knh xks"Vhifo= vkRE;kph fpUgs] peRdkj] vn~Hkqr dk;Zs] vkf.k ifo=vkRE;kP;k Ñiknkuka}kjs opukph ?kks"k.kk dj.;kP;k nsokus useyY;ki)rhph tkxk ?ksÅ 'kdr ukghr ¼1 dfjaFk 2%4] 5( bch-a2%3] 4½- vkepk fo"k; ;s'kw vkgs] vkeph fo"k;oLrq opuvkgs] vkeph i)r ifo= vkRE;kps lekF;Z vkgs] vkepkvkos'k yksd vkgsr] vkf.k vkeps è;s; f[kzLrkleku ifjiDorkvkgs-

vkeps eq[;ky; c¡xyksj ;sFks vkgs] i.k vkWy ihiYl ppZP;k Hkkjrkr fdR;sd fBdk.kh 'kk[kk vkgsr- vkWy ihiYl ppZph orZeku ;knh vkf.k laidZ lwpuk ;klkBh vkeP;k ladsrLFkGkl HksV nîkkoh % % www.apcwo.org/locations fdaok ;k iRR;koj bZ&esy ikBokok % [email protected]

lIrkgkar 'kkGk

c¡xyksj ;sFks vkBoMîkkP;k 'ksoVh gks.kkjs oxZ thou vkf.klsosP;k fof'k"V {ks=kar fo'okl.kkÚ;kal izf'kf{kr vkf.k lqlfTtrdj.;klkBh r;kj dj.;kr vkys vkgsr- gs oxZ lks;huqlkjvkBoMîkP;k 'ksoVh ¼'kfuokj@jfookj½] ldkGh 10 rs lk;adkGh5 oktsi;Zar ?ksrys tkrkr- vkBoMîkk varh gks.kkjs gs loZeaMGîkkaP;k o loZ fMukWfeus'kuP;k loZ fo'okl.kkÚ;kalkBh vkgsr]ts izf'k{k.k izkIr dj.;kph vkf.k lsoslkBh r;kj gks.;kphvkoM /kjrkr- [kkyh gîkk oxkZaph ;knh fnysyh vkgs ts ;kosGhlq: vkgsr-

lans"Vîkkph lsok lIrkgkar 'kkGk

jksx cjs dj.ks vkf.k eqDrh lIrkgkar 'kkGk

ifo= vkRE;kP;k Ñiknkukaps izdVhdj.k ;k fo"k;koj lIrkgkar'kkGk

izkFkZuk vkf.k e/;LFkh lIrkgkar 'kkGk

vkarfjd vkjksX; lIrkgkar 'kkGk

thou'kSyh lqokrkZdk;Z lIrkgkar 'kkGk

ijes'oj dk;Z djhr vkgs lIrkgkar 'kkGk

'kgjh fe'ku eaMGh jksi.k ;k fo"k;koj lIrkgkar 'kkGk

f[kzLrh rRo leFkZu ¼ Christian Apologetics½ ;k fo"k;koj lIrkgkar'kkGk

Ñi;k orZeku osGki=d vkf.k vkWu ykbZu iathdj.kklkBh ;k osclkbZVykHksV |k %apcwo.org/weekendschool

f[kzLrh iq<kÚ;kaP;k lHkkaps vk;kstu djkvkWy ihiYl ppZ ikGd] LFkkfud eaMGîkkaps iq<kjh] f[kzLrhlaLFkkaps iq<kjh vkf.k f[kzLrh lsosr dk;Zjr brj yksdkalkBh vkRE;kusvfHkf"kDr lqlTthdj.k rlsp iqjfors- vfHkf"kDr f'kdo.k] vkRE;kP;kekxZn'kZukus izsfjr lsok vkf.ka bEikVsZ'kuf'kok;] vkeph Vhe Hkkx?ks.kkÚ;kalkscr oS ;fDrd laokn vkf.k ppkZ djrs- f[kzLrh iq<kÚ;kaphizR;sd lHkk fo'ks"kr% nksu fdaok rhu fnolkaph vlrs th fof'k"Vfo"k;kaoj dsfUnzr vlrs- R;kr Hkkx ?ks.kkjs rsFkwu uohuhdj.k] lkeFkZ]vf/kdkj] izHkko rlsp izHkko'khyrslkBh lTt gksÅu rsFkwu tkrhy-f[kzLrh iq<kÚ;kaP;k lHkk fo'ks"kr% LFkkfud eaMGh] f[kzLrh lsok] fe'kulaLFkk vkf.k eaMGhP;k fMukWfeus'kuy eq[;ky;kr vkf.k ikGdka}kjsvkiY;k {ks=kr fdaok vkiY;k usVodZ vFkok fMukWfeus'kuP;k varxZrvk;ksftr dsY;k tkrkr- vk;kstd laLFkk lHkspk [kpZ rlsp Hkkx?ks.kkÚ;kal fueaf=r dj.;kpk [kpZ iqjohy- vkWy ihiYl ppZ vkiY;klsok Vheyk LFkkfud eaMGîkkaP;k egklHksr Hkkx ?ks.kkÚ;kaP;k lsoslkBhikBohy-dkgh fo"k; T;kar vkeph Vhe lkekU;r% lsok iqjfors %lathou] vkfRed&tkx`rh] nsokps dk;ZlkfUu/; vkf.k xkSjojkT;kps fuekZrslery Hkwehnsokps ?kjizsf"kr vkf.k lans"Vîkkph lsokvkjksX;nku vkf.k eqDrhph lsok dj.ksvkRE;kph ÑiknkusoSokfgd thou vkf.k dqVwacifo= tukal r;kj dj.ks vkf.k O;kolkf;d fBdk.kkar ifjorZuf[kzLrh iq<kÚ;kaP;k lHkslkBh fo"k;kaP;k orZeku ;knhlkBh Ñik d:ugîk ladsrLFkGkl HksV |k %apcwo.org/CLCf[kzLrh lHkkaP;k dk;ZØekafo"k;h o R;kaP;k rkj[kkalkBh Ñi;k vkEgkl[kkyhy iRR;koj bZesy djkok % [email protected]

vki.kkl ekghr vkgs dk dh nsovki.kkoj izhrh djrks\

lqekjs 2000 o"kkZaiwohZ] nso ekuo Eg.kwu ;k txkr vkyk- R;kpsuko ;s'kw vkgs- rks fl) ikijfgr thou txyk- ;s'kw gk nsgèkkjhijes'oj gksrk] Eg.kwu ts dkgh R;kus EgVys vkf.k dsys] R;k}kjsR;kus nsokl vkeP;koj izdV dsys- rks th opus cksyyk] rksnsokph opus cksyyk- R;kus th dk;sZ dsyh] rh nsokph dk;sZgksrh- ;s'kwus iFohoj vusd peRdkj dsys- R;kus jksX;kal oDysf'krkal cjs dsys- R;kus vkaèkGîkkaps MksGs m?kMys] yaxMîkaklpkyfoys vkf.k izR;sd izdkjps jksx o vktkj R;kus cjs dsys-HkkdjhP;k rqdMîkkal vk'p;ZtudfjR;k cgqxqf.kr d:u R;kusHkqdsY;kl vUu fnys] oknG 'kkar dsys vkf.k brj vusdvn~Hkqr xks"Vh dsY;k-

gîkk loZ xks"Vh vkEgkl izdV djrkr dh nso pkaxyk ijes'ojvkgs T;kph bPNk vkgs dh yksdkauh cjs] LoLFk] vkjksX;laiUuvkf.k vkuafnr vlkos- nso yksdkaP;k xjtk iw.kZ d: bfPNrks-

rj] nsokus euq"; cu.;kpk vkf.k vkeP;k txkr izos'kdj.;kpk fu.kZ; dk ?;kok\ ;s'kw dk vkyk\

vkEgh lokZauh iki dsys vkgs vkf.k v'kk xks"Vh dsY;kvkgsr T;k vkEgkl mRiUu dj.kkÚ;k nsokleksj vekU; vkgsr-ikikps ifj.kke vkfsr- iki gs nso vkf.k ekuokrhy ,dk eksBîkkfHkarhlkj[ks vkgs th ikj djrk ;sr ukgh- iki gs vkEgklnsokiklwu osxGs djrs- T;kus vkEgkl mRiUu dsys vkgs R;kltk.k.;kP;k vkf.k R;kP;klkscr vFkZiw.kZ ukrs LFkkiu dj.;kP;k

ekxkZr rs vkEgkl vM[kG.k vk.krs- Eg.kwu] vkeP;kiSdhfdR;sd t.k brj xks"Vhauh gs fjDr LFkku Hk:u Vkd.;kpkiz;Ru djrkr-

vkeP;k ikikapk nqljk ifj.kke nsokiklwu lnkdkGlkBh vyxgks.ks gks;- nsokP;k U;k;ky;kr] ikikps osru ej.k vkgs- e`R;wnsokiklwu nwj ujdkr lkoZdkfyd rkVkrwV vkgs-

i.k] lqokrkZ gh vkgs dh vki.k ikikaiklwu eqDr jkgw 'kdrksvkf.k nsok'kh iqUgk ukrs LFkkiu d: 'kdrks- ck;cy Eg.krs]ßikikps osru ej.k vkgs] i.k nsokps Ñiknku vkiY;k izHkq ;s'kwf[kzLrkeè;s lkoZdkfyd thou vkgsÞ ¼jksfe;ksa 6%23½- ;s'kwustsOgk oèkLraHkkoj tsOgk vkiyk izk.k fnyk] rsOgk R;kus laiw.kZtxkP;k ikikaph fdaer pqdfoyh] ex rhu fnolkuarj rks iqUgkthoar >kyk] R;kus vusdkal Lor%yk thoar nk[kfoys vkf.kex rks LoxkZl ijryk- nso izhrh vkf.k n;spk nso vkgs- R;kphv'kh bPNk ukgh dh dks.khgh O;Drhus ujdkr uk'k Ogkos-Eg.kwu rks laiw.kZ ekuotkrhl ikikiklwu vkf.k R;kP;k LFkk;hifj.kkekaiklwu eqDr gks.;kpk ekxZ nk[koko;kl vkyk- rks ikI;kalrkjko;kl & vkiY;klk[;k vkf.k ekÖ;klkj[;k yksdkalikikiklwu vkf.k lkoZdkfyd eR;wiklwu okpoko;kl vkyk-

ikikaph gh foukewY; {kek izkIr dj.;klkBh] ck;cy vkEgkllkaxrs dh vkEgh QDr ,d xks"V dsyh ikfgts & izHkq ;s'kwf[kzLrkus oèkLraHkkoj ts dkgh dsys R;kpk Lohdkj dj.ks vkf.klaiw.kZ var%dj.kkus R;kP;kBk;h fo'okl èkj.ks-

ßR;kP;koj fo'okl Bso.kkÚ;k izR;sdkyk R;kP;k ukokus{kek feGsy v'kh lk{k loZ lans"Vs R;kP;kfo"k;h nsrkrÞ ¼izsf"krkaphÑR;s 10%43½-

ßdh ;s'kw izHkq vkgs vls tj rw vkiY;k eq[kkus dcwydj'khy vkf.k nsokus R;kyk esysY;karwu mBfoys vlk vkiY;kvar%dj.kkr fo'okl Bso'khy rj rq>s rkj.k gksbZyÞ ¼jkse-10%9½-

tj vki.k izHkq ;s'kw f[kzLrkBk;h fo'okl Bsoyk] rj vki.kns[khy ikikaiklwu {kek izkIr d: 'kdrk vkf.k 'kq) gksÅ'kdrk-

izHkq ;s'kw f[kzLrkeè;s vkf.k oèkLraHkkoj R;kus vki.kklkBh tsdkgh dsys vkgs R;kP;koj fo'okl dj.;kpk fu.kZ; ?ks.;krvkiyh enr dj.;klkBh [kkyh ,d lksih izkFkZuk fnysyhvkgs- ;s'kwus vki.kklkBh dk; dsys vkgs R;kP;k Lohdkj O;Drdj.;kr vkf.k vkiY;k ikikaiklwu 'kq)rk izkIr dj.;kr ghizkFkZuk vkiyh enr djhy- gh izkFkZuk dsoG ,d ekxZn'kZdvkgs- vki.k vkiY;k 'kaCnkar ns[khy izkFkZuk d: 'kdrk-

fiz; izHkq ;s'kw] vkt eyk dGys dh oèkLraHkkoj rw ekÖ;klkBhdk; dsys- rw ekÖ;klkBh ej.k iRdjysl % rw rq>s cgqewY;jDr okfgysl vkf.k ekÖ;k ikikapk naM pqdfoykl] ;klkBh dheyk {kek izkIr Ogkoh- ck;cy eyk lkaxrs dh tks dks.khrqtoj fo'okl Bsohy] R;kyk R;kP;k ikikaph {kek dsyh tkbZy-

vkt] eh rqtoj fo'okl Bso.;kpk fu.kZ; ?ksrks vkf.koèkLraHkkoj ekÖ;klkBh ej.k iRd:u o iqUgk esysY;karwu thoargksÅu ts dkgh ekÖ;klkBh dsysl] R;kpk eh Lohdkj djrks- ehtk.krks dh ekÖ;k lRÑR;ka}kjs eh Lor%ps rkj.k lkè; d:'kdr ukgh] brj dks.khgh euq"; ek>s rkj.k ?kMowu vk.kw 'kdrukgh- eh ekÖ;k ikikaph {kek deow 'kdr ukgh-

vkt] eh vkiY;k var%dj.kkr fo'okl èkjrks vkf.k ekÖ;keq[kkus gs dcwy djrks dh rw etlkBh ej.k iRdjysl] rwekÖ;k ikikaph fdaer pqdfoyhl] rw iqUgk esysY;karwu mBykl]vkf.k rqÖ;kojhy fo'oklk}kjs] eyk ekÖ;k ikikaph {kek vkf.k'kq)rk izkIr gksrs- ;s'kw] eh rq>s midkj ekurks- rqtoj izhrhdj.;kr] rqyk vk.k[kh tk.kwu ?ks.;kr] vkf.k rqÖ;kizr fo'oklwjkg.;kr ek>h enr dj- vkesu-

uksV~l

e:ashish raichurold books check 2018laying axe to the tree

Documents