PowerPoint Presentation

East and Southern Africa Many problems face this region and get in the way of development. Vocabulary Poaching - illegal hunting

Ecotourism- tourism that focuses on the environment and seeks to minimize environmental impact

Indigenous- native to a region

Non Governmental organizations - a group that operates on private funding

Label the features on the mapRift ValleyLake Victoria Nile RiverMt. Kilimanjaro Kalahari Desert Namib Desert Madagascar

Physical Features The Great Rift ValleyFormed from two tectonic plates moving away from each other

The land in between the plates sank to form a flat valley with steep sides

Many lakes and rivers are only found along the Valley

Physical Features Mt. KilimanjaroHighest point in Africa, and even though it near the equator the Mountain is snow capped

It is a free standing Volcanic Mountain

Mount Kilimanjaro is the tallest mountain on the African continent and the highest free-standing mountain in the world. 9. Kilimanjaro has three volcanic cones, Mawenzi, Shira and Kibo. Mawenzi and Shira are extinct but Kibo, the highest peak, is dormant and could erupt again. The most recent activity was about 200 years ago; the last major eruption was 360,000 years ago. 8. Nearly every climber who has summitted Uhuru Peak, the highest summit on Kibos crater rim, has recorded his or her thoughts about the accomplishment in a book stored in a wooden box at the top. 7. The oldest person ever to summit Mt. Kilimanjaro was 87-year-old Frenchman Valtee Daniel. 6. Almost every kind of ecological system is found on the mountain: cultivated land, rain forest, heath, moorland, alpine desert and an arctic summit. 5. The fasted verified ascent of Mt. Kilimanjaro occurred in 2001 when Italian Bruno Brunod summitted Uhuru Peak in 5 hours 38 minutes 40 seconds. The fastest roundtrip was accomplished in 2004, when local guide Simon Mtuy went up and down the mountain in 8:27. 4. The mountains snow caps are diminishing, having lost more than 80 percent of their mass since 1912. In fact, they may be completely ice free within the next 20 years, according to scientists. 3. Shamsa Mwangunga, National Resources and Tourism minister of Tanzania, announced in 2008 that 4.8 million indigenous trees will be planted around the base of the mountain, helping prevent soil erosion and protect water sources. 2. South African Bernard Goosen twice scaled Mt. Kilimanjaro in a wheelchair. His first summit, in 2003, took nine days; his second, four years later, took only six. Born with cerebral palsy, Goosen used a modified wheelchair, mostly without assistance, to climb the mountain. 1. Approximately 25,000 people attempt to summit Mt. Kilimanjaro annually. Approximately two-thirds are successful. Altitude-related problems is the most common reason climbers turn back.

5Physical Features Victoria FallsThe Zambezi River is more than 1.25 wide when it cascades over the lip of a large basalt plateau and plunges as much as 354 feet

The mist can be seen over 12 miles away

Physical Features The Serengeti Plain Home to elephants, lions, wildebeest, zebras, giraffes, and gazelles

Poaching or illegal hunting is a problem in Africa

National Parks have been established to protect the animals. Countries also promote ecotourism, or tourism which promotes saving the environment

Physical FeaturesMadagascar Fourth largest island in world

80% of the animals on Madagascar cannot be found anywhere else in the world

90% the natural environment is gone

These tree-hopping, furry creatures might seem like they're related to squirrels orcats, but they're actually more closely related to you and me. Lemurs are primates,just like monkeys, apes and humans. Over 30 different species of lemurs, includingaye-ayes, live in Madagascar. They can travel up to 25 feet in one leap!

Almost half of the world's chameleons (about 60 different species) are found only inMadagascar. Known for their ability to change color, these reptiles vary their appearance inresponse to changes in temperature, light, and mood. By rotating each eye independently,chameleons can see to all sides without moving their heads.Tenrecs, which look similar to moles, shrews, and hedgehogs, wereprobably the first mammals to arrive on the island of Madagascar.When scared, they curl up in a ball and extend spiky hairs to protect themselvesfrom predators.Madagascar's largest predator - the fossa - has a cat-like body and a dog-like nose, but it isneither a cat nor a dog. This endangered animal is actually a close cousin of the mongoose.About twice the size of a house cat, the fossa primarily hunts birds and lemurs. A long tailhelps it balance in trees high above the ground.

8Physical Features Kalahari Desert Temperature can range from 104F to 32FAnother animal found in this region is the eland antelope. Namib Desert Located along the Atlantic OceanThe oldest desert in the wordLocation of the worlds largest sand dunes

Rivers The Nile and the Zambezi are the largest rivers in the Regions

They are difficult to use for transportationcataracts are waterfalls and rapids Sudd Swamps- floating mats of vegetation and papyrus reeds

Resources Natural Resources found in Africa DiamondsGoldPlatinumCopperTin Iron Uranium Some Countries are Rich in Resources, but others have none

Resources South Africa and Botswana both have strong economies because of their mines

People from other African Nations come to South Africa and Botswana to work in the mines

The mines are very dangerous and many miners have lost their lives in accidents and collapses

Farming in Africa Many areas in East Africa are too dry to farm Sudan, Ethiopia, Somalia, and Namibia cannot find enough water to farmSudan and Ethiopia receive more aid than any other counties in the world

Farming and Rivers Some farmer are able to irrigate their land and grow cotton, tea and tobacco.

Rivers are also used for hydroelectric power

Many countries compete for the use of the water in Africa

The need for water causes tension among African nations

Farming and Rivers South Africa has fertile farm land and large commercial farms Sugar caneCottonAvocadosTropical fruits Coffee

People Africa has an indigenous population

There are hundreds of different ethnic groups Zulu, Xhosa, Kikuyu, Hutu, Tutsi Many people are leaving traditional village life for city life

Many ethnic groups have been located in the same political countries, which cause problems.

People People in South and East Africa speak many language, but most belong to the Bantu language group.

Most speak English as a second language due to colonization

People In the south most speak Afrikaans. It comes from the Dutch spoken by early colonist

On the east coast most speak Swahili, which has influence from the Arabic language due to the importance of trade

People 60% of the population are Christians

24% of the population are Muslims

14% practice traditional religions

Conflict Sudan People in the Northern part of this country are Muslims, and people in South are not

After the country became independent, the Northern dominated the country

The south rebelled, and several million people died during the conflict

Conflict Darfur (eastern Sudan)Black farmers are fighting Arab herders over the water supply

The herders with government backing have been attacking farmers in what some call a genocide

Hundred of thousands farmers have died

2.5 million have left their homes and now live in refugee camps

Conflict Rwanda The country contains two ethic groupsTutsi which was an elite class which ruled over the larger group Hutus

After the country gained independence from Belgium the Hutus attacked the Tutsi

During the genocide 1 million Tutsi were killed

The united Nations sent in troops but the killings did not stop.

Tutsi came back into power and many Hutus left the country

Democracy??South Africa has the most democratic government in the region Apartheid has ended (keeping white and black population apart) Blacks on average are still must poorerInequalities still remain in healthcare, unemployment, education and land ownership

Corruption Sudan and Zimbabwe are both ruled by Dictatorship

People cannot choose their leaders

Corruption and oppression are common

Failed policies have led to economic collapse Corruption Somalia does not have a government, but ruled by competing militias and warlords

Theft, violence, and drug use are common

Pirates attack and seize cargo ships in the Indian Ocean and will hold the crews for ransom

More Problems With corruption many countries do not want to do business with African nations

Corrupt leaders also steal and misuse foreign aide

Drug use is high- many chew Khat which cause depression

Lack of education is hurting the health and economy of many nations Disease Mosquitoes carry malaria- a parasite that attacks the red blood cells.

Tsetse Flies cause sleeping Sickness in both animals and humans it cause the brain to swell

Disease Cholera is caused by contaminated water. It can cause kidney failure, coma, dehydration, and shock.

AIDS attacks the Immune system and kills1.5 million people a year

Hopes for the Future Ugandan is hoping to educate people about ADIS by sending out text messages

Countries like Kenya and South Africa are trying to export more goods

Non Governmental organizations (groups that work with private funding) are trying to help with environmental problems, poverty, disease, and conflicts

Working to improve education for women

The African Union has been sending peacekeeping troops to Sudan and Somalia