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East Asia Biomass Town Concept Promotion Project
East Asia Biomass Town Concept Promotion Project
1st meeting of GBEP Working Group on Capacity
Building for Sustainable Bioenergy, 16 November 2011
Yoshiyasu KamijoYoshiyasu KamijoYoshiyasu KamijoYoshiyasu KamijoLowLowLowLow----carbon energy strategy groupcarbon energy strategy groupcarbon energy strategy groupcarbon energy strategy groupMitsubishi Research Institute,Mitsubishi Research Institute,Mitsubishi Research Institute,Mitsubishi Research Institute, INCINCINCINC
Characteristics of Japanese Biomass UtilizationCharacteristics of Japanese Biomass UtilizationCharacteristics of Japanese Biomass UtilizationCharacteristics of Japanese Biomass Utilization� Advanced Technical Research & Development� Private Company’s practices � Municipal bodies promote biomass utilization under some
reasons (cost reduction for garbage incineration, organic farming , job creation or enhancing reputation etc)
� Severe natural condition (Steep mountain areas, Severe climate etc)
� Cost problem for biomass collection, facility management
� Adjustment among stakeholders for sustainable management is a must (securing raw materials , demands and needs) 1
Biomass TownBiomass TownBiomass TownBiomass Town ConceptConceptConceptConcept((((Japanese Image of Local Resource Japanese Image of Local Resource Japanese Image of Local Resource Japanese Image of Local Resource CirculationCirculationCirculationCirculation))))
Biomass Town: a community where biomass is totally utilized systematically, steadily and properly under the cooperation of stakeholders
Local municipalities are expected to take initiatives in utilizing biomassthrough coordinating stakeholders under the “Biomass Town Concept”
Farm Food factoryBiomass TownsBiomass TownsBiomass TownsBiomass Towns
Farm
Livestock waste
Forest
Food waste
Crop residues
・Electric power and heat generation、
・Biofuels, plastics ・Animal feed
Manure, electricity
Electricity, Heat, Plastics
Lumber residues
Houses
Food factory
Sewage sludge
Utilize biomassUtilize biomassUtilize biomassUtilize biomass
within the same areawithin the same areawithin the same areawithin the same areaRestaurant
Conversion facility
2
Example of Biomass Town in Japan (HitaExample of Biomass Town in Japan (HitaExample of Biomass Town in Japan (HitaExample of Biomass Town in Japan (Hita----city, Ooita city, Ooita city, Ooita city, Ooita prefecture)prefecture)prefecture)prefecture)
Biomass Center
Paddy field/farm
Utilization of liquid fertilizer and compost
Pig waste
garbage24t/day
Liquid fertilizer2,500t/yearcompost300t/year
Pig farmer(7)
170kW ×2
Electricity2000MWh/yearCommunity
sewage(2) Water treatment Center
■ Self sufficientfor electricity andheat�Surpluselectricity is sold
Utilization of heat and electricity
Pig waste5 0 t /day
sludge6 t /day
river
Wastewater
3
Benefits of Biomass Town InitiativesBenefits of Biomass Town InitiativesBenefits of Biomass Town InitiativesBenefits of Biomass Town Initiatives
Vitalization of
Agricultural
Community
Increasing Income and
reducing cost of chemical fertilizers.
Waste reduction
Reducing landfill waste
Local Energy
New Employment
New industries and jobs
Mitigation of Global
Warming
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Local Energy
Generation
(modern bioenergy
access)
Purpose and background of the projectPurpose and background of the projectPurpose and background of the projectPurpose and background of the project
Purpose� To promote the sustainable biomass utilization system which
doesn’t compete with stable food production.� To provide information based on biomass town practices in in
Japan
Background�East Asian countries have abundant biomass which is not
fully and effectively utilized. �Biomass utilization should be compatible with local food
security and environment issues. 5
VietNam
HoChiMimh City CuChi District
((((FY2008~~~~FY2010))))
Thailand
Loei prefecture NaDuang village((((FY2008~~~~FY2010))))
East Asia Biomass Town Concept Promotion Project FY2008East Asia Biomass Town Concept Promotion Project FY2008~~~~~~~~FY2012FY2012
Malaysia
Subang JayaCitySeri Serdang District
((((FY2010~~~~FY2012))))
Indonesia
South Sumatera Province
Palembang City((((FY2010~~~~FY2012))))
6
Overview of Progress in Thailand and VietNamOverview of Progress in Thailand and VietNamOverview of Progress in Thailand and VietNamOverview of Progress in Thailand and VietNam
CountriesCountriesCountriesCountries MotivationMotivationMotivationMotivation MethodologyMethodologyMethodologyMethodology
ThailandThailandThailandThailand �Expansion of organic farming �Soil improvement �Local energy generation (modern bioenergy)Revitalization of the region
�Biodigester�Compost�Wood Vinegaretc.
�Revitalization of the regionVietNamVietNamVietNamVietNam �Conversion to organic farming
�Local energy generation (modern bioenergy)
�Biomass resource utilization
�Large scale biodigester
� Bioethanol research using rice straw
�Compostetc.
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Overview of Progress in Malaysia and IndonesiaOverview of Progress in Malaysia and IndonesiaOverview of Progress in Malaysia and IndonesiaOverview of Progress in Malaysia and Indonesia
CountriesCountriesCountriesCountries MotivationMotivationMotivationMotivation MethodologyMethodologyMethodologyMethodology
MalaysiaMalaysiaMalaysiaMalaysia �Biomass resource utilization (palm residue
and agricultural residue)�Reducing garbage and its utilization (composting and biogas)
�Local energy production
�Biogas from waste water at palm mill�Compost�BDF production�Residents awareness�Local energy production
(waste oil to BDF, food waste to Biogas)awarenessetc
IndonesiaIndonesiaIndonesiaIndonesia � Conversion from imported chemical fertilizers to local organic fertilizer
�Reducing garbage and solving landfill capacity problems
�Producing biogas and biodiesel for local energy
�Compost production�BDF production�Biogas�Residents awarenessetc
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Project ScheduleProject ScheduleProject ScheduleProject Schedule
・Organizing
counterparts
・Discussion
between Working Group
and farmers
・Surveys on
Potential
biomass in
local area ・ Follow
1st year 2nd year 3rd year 4th year~
10
counterparts
・Training
course in Japan for counterparts
and farmers groups
・Municipality’s authorization for Biomass Town Concept
local area
・Organizing
farmers groups
・Draft
Biomass Town
Concept
・ Follow
Up(technical advice and consultation )
9999
Steps to establish “Biomass Town Concept” (1)
Organizing stakeholders
• Finding appropriate
counterparts in Central
Training course in Japan for
counterparts
• Lectures on how to
design Biomass Town
Step 1 Step 2
counterparts in Central
government, Research
institute and municipality
• Selection of the project
site and imaging the
direction of the Concept
• Organizing local Working
Group at the project site
design Biomass Town
Concept (calculation for
potential biomass, needs
survey, economical
analysis, appropriate
technology, etc.)
• Study tour to visit
Japanese Biomass Town
• Workshop (trial design)
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Steps to establish “Biomass Town Concept” (2)
Step 3People’s participation
• Organizing farmers groups (in Thailand:
Step 4Designing “Biomass Town
Concept” by Working Group
• Surveys on potential biomass
of the site area and interview groups (in Thailand: palm farming, organic farming, irrigation farming)
• Farmers discussion on the efficient biomass utilization and difficulties in each famers group
of the site area and interview
by Working Group
• Discussion between Working
Group and farmers groups
• Designing Biomass Town
Concept by Working Group
considering farmers idea
• Municipality’s authorization
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The Realization of “Biomass Town Concept” in NaDuang village,
Loei Prefecture in Thailand supported by DOA,MOAC
• Simple livestock farming
• Unutilized
Before
• Intensive livestock
farming utilizing its
excrement for
AAAAfffftttteeeerrrr tttthhhheeee ddddiiiissssccccuuuussssssssiiiioooonnnn ooooffff “Biomass Town “Biomass Town “Biomass Town “Biomass Town
Concept”Concept”Concept”Concept”Budget preparation
by Thailand
• Unutilized agriculture residue
• Purchasing chemical fertilizer
• Using costly fossil fuel
• Water shortage for agriculture
excrement for
biodigester cooking
energy, fertilizer
• Compost production
for organic farming
• Water supply by human
power (bicycle pump)
12
Soft supportby Japan
Improved NaDuang village by DOA in Thailand
Intensive pig farming Aquaculture
Biodigester using pig excrement
Compost for agriculture
Biomass Town
Biogas for cooking
Bicycle pump to take
up water to farms
13
AchievementAchievementAchievementAchievement�Training course for counterparts in Japan was effective one.�Raising awareness and knowledge level at the Working Group �Established Biomass Town Concept and became a next step to
practical implementation.�Sustainable biomass utilization based on “the Biomass Town
Concept” in Naduang Village� Local energy generation (modern bioenergy access)� Sustainable agricultural material� Sustainable agricultural material� Waste reduction � Sustainable Management by farmer groups
Key elements�Finding appropriate counterparts who have strong
concern for biomass utilization (national level and local level)�Involving local stakeholders into Working group �Communication between local people and Working Group which
leads to practical steps for the realization of the concept.14
Future ProspectFuture ProspectFuture ProspectFuture Prospect
� Thailand will promote this kind of biomass town for similar area.
� Malaysia and Indonesia will establish biomass town concept in FY2012.And some demonstration projects connected with this project are under consideration in both countries. countries.
� Considering manual preparation to share experiences and method for making biomass town concept in East Asian Countries.
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Thank you for your attentions!Thank you for your attentions!Thank you for your attentions!Thank you for your attentions!
Special thanks to Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperative, Thailand.Also special thanks to cooperators in Malaysia, Also special thanks to cooperators in Malaysia, Indonesia and VietNam
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Appendix : Support from JapanAppendix : Support from JapanAppendix : Support from JapanAppendix : Support from Japan
�Finding appropriate counterparts in central government, research institute and municipality
and establish local Working Groups.
�Capacity building for counterparts & people in �Capacity building for counterparts & people in local
level�Support regular Working Group meetings.�Support workshops around target area and
international symposium.�This project aims “Capacity building ” rather than
“Hardware installment” 17
Appendix:Appendix:Appendix:Appendix: Biomass flow at NaDuang villageBiomass flow at NaDuang villageBiomass flow at NaDuang villageBiomass flow at NaDuang village
Wood vinegar
productionIntensive pig
farming
Storage of
liquid
Concentration of
cattle breeding
(pasture)Bicycle pump
excrement
Water storage tank 10mH
wood
vinegarbiochar
excrement
Compost
Soil improvement
Organic
farmingAquaculture
Mushroom cultivation
Biodigester
Palm
cultivation
liquid
fertilizer
Cooking gas
BiogasLiquid
fertilize
r
Palm mill
Palm oil residue
Feed
Soil
improvement
Organic
product
mushroom
Power generationBranding/
Selling organic farm
products implementation
in futureMushroom
bed
BDF
PV panel
Agri-
residue
Mix with water
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