east asian arts 2nd gp

8/3/2019 East Asian Arts 2nd Gp

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EASTASIANARTS

(CHINA,JAPAN,KOREA)


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MAP OF EAST ASIA


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Art forms of China, Korea, and

Japan share many cultural,philosophical, and religious

associations.Over the course of centuries, artist

East Asian countries often depictedsimilar subject matter and employe

INFLUENCES


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Many artistic and technologic

advances first realized theresuch as bronze and porcelaiproduction, later spread toKorea and Japan, where artialtered the manufacturing

processes to achieve new


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Buddhism was a leading force inshaping art during certain phase

of East Asian history.

As Chinese priests from differen

Buddhist movements spread theteachings to Korea and Japan, t

also disseminated Chinese artisand cultural traditions.


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EAST ASIAN ART INCLUDES:

Architecture

Carving Pottery/Ceramics

Weaving

PhysicalOrnaments

Textile Design

Tattoo Traditional Events

Motifs

Theatre designReligious art form

Calligraphy

Landscapepainting

Lacquer works

Paper art works


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ARCHITECTUR


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(Latinarchitectura, from the Gre

arkhitekton, from- "chief" and "buildecarpenter, mason") is both the

process and product of plannindesigning and construction.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latinhttp://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/architecturahttp://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BC%80%CF%81%CF%87%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%AD%CE%BA%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BDhttp://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BC%80%CF%81%CF%87%CE%B9-http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BC%80%CF%81%CF%87%CE%B9-http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CF%84%CE%AD%CE%BA%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BDhttp://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CF%84%CE%AD%CE%BA%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BDhttp://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BC%80%CF%81%CF%87%CE%B9-http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BC%80%CF%81%CF%87%CE%B9-http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E1%BC%80%CF%81%CF%87%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%AD%CE%BA%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BDhttp://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/architecturahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin


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The art and science of design anderecting buildings and other physic

structures.The design and construction of a

building, or group of buildings and space within the site surrounding t

buildings, that have as their princip

purpose human occupancy or use
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Designhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Design


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Chinese architecture emphasizes on

articulation and bilateral symmetry, whichsignifies balance.

Bilateral symmetry and the articulation of

buildings are found everywhere in Chinesearchitecture, from palace complexes to humfarmhouses.

Secondary elements are positioned either sof main structures as two wings to maintain

CHINA
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Articulation_(architecture)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Articulation_(architecture)


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Another characteristic of Chinese architectuits use of a wooden structural frame with piand beams, and earthen walls surrounding

building on three sides.

The main door and windows are in front.Chinese have used wood as a main

construction material for thousands of yearwood to the Chinese represents life, and "lithe main thing Chinese culture in its various

forms endeavours to communicate.


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A siheyuan (Chinese:; pinyin: shyis a historical type of residence that wascommonly found throughout China, most

famously in Beijing.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_languagehttp://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%9B%9Bhttp://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%90%88http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E9%99%A2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinyinhttp://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/s%C3%AChttp://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/h%C3%A9http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/yu%C3%A0nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinahttp://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/yu%C3%A0nhttp://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/h%C3%A9http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/s%C3%AChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinyinhttp://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E9%99%A2http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%90%88http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%9B%9Bhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_language


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In English, siheyuan is

known as Chinesequadrangles.

The name literally means

courtyard surrounded byfour buildin s.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadrangle_(architecture)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Courtyardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Courtyardhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadrangle_(architecture)


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Throughout Chinese

history, the siheyuancomposition was the basi

pattern used for residencepalaces, temples,

monasteries, family,businesses and overnme
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palaceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monasterieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monasterieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palaces


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In ancient times, a spacioussiheyuan would be occupied by

single, usually large and extendfamily, signifying wealth and

prosperity.Today, many remaining siheyua

are still used as housing

complexes, but many lack mod


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Siheyuan in Beijing


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JAPAN


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Austere construction methods, lightwematerials and porous boundaries betw

inside and outside are all hallmarks oftraditional Japanese architecture.

Japan temples and shrines usuallystressed the horizontal and were oftenrelatively small and hidden by trees an

other natural objects.

JAPAN

A traditional


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A traditionalJapanese interiorfeatures a multitude

of partially-screened,geometrically-arranged rooms with

sliding doors that canbe opened to createlarge spaces or

closed to createprivate rooms.

A t diti l J


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A traditional Japanesehouse today is made ofwood and has tatamimatfloors (floor coverings

made of two-inch thickpressed straw, coveredpanels of tightly wovenreeds), sliding shojidoors, wooden walls,

lacquer doors, clay walls,coffered ceiling, slidingdoors, a tile roof, lath-and-plaster walls, woodor metal rain shudders,and tokonama(displayalcoves).

The most expressive


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The most expressiveelement of Japanesearchitecture is the

roof, which tends tohang over the buildinglike a shaggy wig and

stress its smallnessand horizontal plane.

KOREA


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Korean traditional architecture is

characterized by its harmony with natu It has developed through the assimila

of various cultural elements learned frforeign countries, or better learned fro

their human brethren.

KOREA


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Hanok is a term todescribe Korean

traditional houses.Korean architecture

lends consideration

to the positioning ofthe house in relation

to its surroundings,

with thought given tothe land and

The interior structure of the house is also
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_architecturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_architecturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_architecturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_architecture


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The interior structure of the house is alsoplanned accordingly. This principle is alsocalled Baesanimsu(), which meanthe ideal house is built with a mountain in thback and a river in the front, with the ondolheated rock system for heating during cold

winters and a wide daecheong() frontporch for keeping the house cool during hosummers.

A hanokconsists of the floor space and the room are
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ondolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ondol


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pRooms have ondolor a heating system.

Ondolis the heating the floor of a room from undernewith firewood, etc.

The ondolfloor is used to heat the room in winter, anavoid moisture and heat in summer. Hanokare made using only natural materials, such a

earth, stone, and wood.

RELIGIOUS ARCHITECTURE


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RELIGIOUS ARCHITECTURE

A pagoda is the general term in the English

language for a tiered tower with multiple eacommon in India, China, Japan, Korea,Vietnam, Nepal and other parts of Asia.

Some pagodas are used as Taoist houses oworship.

Most pagodas were built to have a religiousfunction, most commonly Buddhist, and weoften located in or near temples.

P d tt t li ht i t ik b
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Pagodas attract lightning strikes becauof their height.

This tendency may have played a roletheir perception as spiritually charged

places.

Many pagodas have a decorated finialthe top of the structure. The finial isdesigned in such a way as to havesymbolic meaning within Buddhism; fo

The finial also functions as a lightning rod
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightninghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiritualityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finialhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finialhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiritualityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightninghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightning_rodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightning_rod


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The finial also functions as a lightning rod, thus helps to both attract lightning and protthe pagoda from lightning damage.

Early pagodas were constructed out of woobut steadily progressed to sturdier materialwhich helped protect against fires and rot.

Pagodas traditionally have an odd number levels, a notable exception being the eightecentury pagoda "folly" designed by Sir Willi

Chambers at Kew Gardens in London.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightning_rodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightning_rod


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Wooden five-storypagoda of Hry-ji in

Japan, built in the 7thcentury, one of the oldestwooden buildings in the

The Iron Pagoda of

Kaifeng, China, built in1049 AD

Nine story pagodHwangryongsa in

built in 645 A

DOLMENS
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C5%8Dry%C5%AB-jihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C5%8Dry%C5%AB-jihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_Pagodahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaifenghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaifenghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_Pagodahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C5%8Dry%C5%AB-jihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C5%8Dry%C5%AB-jihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C5%8Dry%C5%AB-ji


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DOLMENS

A dolmenalso known as a portal tomb, pograve, dolmain (Irish), cromlech (Welsh), an

(Portuguese and Galician),Hnengrab/Hnenbett (German), Adamra(Abkhazian), Ispun (Circassian), Hunebed(Dutch), ds (Swedish), goindol (Korean) or

quoitis a type of single-chamber megalithictomb, usually consisting of three or more uprigstones supporting a large flat horizontal capst(table).

Dolmens were usually covered with earth orsmaller stones to form a barrow, though in macases that covering has weathered away, leav

The Dolmens were generally used as tomb
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welsh_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galician_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abkhazian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adyghe_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedish_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megalithic_tombhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megalithic_tombhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megalithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megalithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumulushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumulushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megalithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megalithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megalithic_tombhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megalithic_tombhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedish_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adyghe_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abkhazian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galician_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portuguese_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welsh_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_language


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The Dolmens were generally used as tombalso used to symbolize communal tombs oaltar for religious service.

They are called "Goindol" in Korea, "dorumin Japan and Seobung in China and in otplaces they are called dolmen or megalith.

The word 'Dol-men' originates from two Brwords meaning 'Stone - table'.

Known as a dolmen


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Known as a dolmenor goindol as it iscalled in Korean, it is akind of single-chambermegalithic tomb,usually consisting of

three or more uprightstones in the groundthat support a large

flat horizontal stone,which serves as a


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Dolmen in Chou-chou Che,

Northeast China

Burial Chamber (Dolmen) in Kysh

A huge flat stone which is believed tobe the cap stone of a dolmen is rollingby the roadside in a bamboo bush.


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JADE CARVING

JADE CARVING


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JADE CARVING

Carving jade has been known to have

occurred in China as far back as the newstone age. Because of it's hardness, it waused to make weapons, tool, blades, and

other utensils. The Chinese and Japanese used jade

carvings for religious and mystic purposes

Round disks and tubes have been excavafrom tombs dating back thousands of yea

The art of jade carving and polishing was
http://www.moneymatters101.com/jewelry/ivorycarvings.asphttp://www.moneymatters101.com/jewelry/ivorycarvings.asp


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e a t o jade ca g a d po s g asalready well developed some 3,000 yearsin the Zhou and Shang dynasties.

With its bright and pure luster, jade hasalways been considered by the Chinese toa treasure of tremendous value.

The Chinese have always had a high degof interest in jade carving that is still practtoday. Their carvings are intricate and weldesigned, displaying a high degree ofworkmanship.

The Chinese used jadef t l b t l f


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for tools, but also forcarved insignias andtalismans probably

related to ceremonialritual.

Jade was prized by theChinese for its durability,

its musical qualities, itssubtle, translucent colors,and its alleged protectivepowers - it was thought to

prevent fatigue and delaythe decomposition of the

Jadechalice, Ming Dyna(1368-1644).

JAPAN JADE
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jadehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chalice_(cup)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_Dynastyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1368http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1644http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1644http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1368http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ming_Dynastyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chalice_(cup)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jade


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JAPAN JADE

Charming spinach-green

nephrite jade gui or kueiritual vessel, Ching dynastyin the period of Guangxu,c. 1875-1908. In thearchaic style with dragonhead handles. The body isscrolled with geometric,

archaic designs andanimals.

The tradition of Korean jadecarving dates back to neolithic
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koreahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neolithichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neolithichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korea


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carving dates back to neolithicfinds along the Namgang riverbasin in Gyeongju. Jade ringsand accessories were worn by

the higher classes of society,especially women, from thethree kingdoms period andreached their peak in theJoseon dynasty, the golden age

of jadework. Korean jadeworkoften includes buddhist motifs,cicadas, and peanut-shapedgood luck talismans on thesmall scale, as well as larger-

scale architectural pieces.

A pair of king'searrings, made fr

gold and jade, earlcentury (Baekje). Ftomb of King Muny
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neolithichttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Namgang&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyeongjuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_kingdomshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseon_Dynastyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muryeong_of_Baekjehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muryeong_of_Baekjehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muryeong_of_Baekjehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cicadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseon_Dynastyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_kingdomshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyeongjuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Namgang&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neolithic


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POTTERY

CERAMIC

Pottery is the material from which the pottery waremade of which major types include earthenware
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthenwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthenware


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made, of which major types include earthenware,stoneware and porcelain.

The place where such wares are made is also calle

pottery(plural "potteries"). Pottery also refers to the art or craft of the potter o

manufacture of pottery.

The definition of potteryused by ASTM is "all firedceramic wares that contain clay when formed, excetechnical, structural, and refractory products.

"Some archaeologists use a different understandinexcluding ceramic objects such as figurines which made by similar processes, materials and the sam

people but are not vessels.

Chinese pottery
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthenwarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stonewarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porcelainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASTM_Internationalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASTM_Internationalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porcelainhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stonewarehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthenware


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C ese potte y

also called Chinese ceramics

Chinese Pottery was made long befohistory was set down in writing.

A coarse gray earthenware was made

before the Shang Dynasty (1766-1122BC), and a finer white pottery was alsomade during this era.


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Ming covered red jar with dra

and sea design from the Jiareign

Painted pottery pot with raisedreliefs of dragons and phoenixes,

Western Han Dynasty (202 BC 9


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Goldfish Vase, reign of theJiajing Emperor (1521

67);

Kangxi period (1662 to 1722blue and white porcelain tea

caddy

JAPANESE POTTERY


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Traditional Japanese folk pottery epitomize

work produced with the ease of unconsciouthought; it is work that is created withoutjudgment and exemplifies pure artistic ener

Initially, Japanese pottery was produced to liquids or grains and to be eaten out of, eacform surrendering to caressing hands.

The sensation of touch became as importathe potter as that of the visual.

Tea bowls are


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synonymous withJapanese pottery.

These humble formswere originally madein great quantities,

providing functionalware for Japan's greatpastime-drinking tea

This is the core ofJa anese folk otter .

A simple feldspathic glaze


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being employed on the Sueperiod pottery. This

beautiful glossy gray-greensurface was the beginningsof Japanese celadons.

With their irregularity andasymmetry, thesesumptuous forms exhibitthe essence of the

Japanese concepts ofbeaut .

20th century


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Japanese ceramicswas not just an

influence in style, butalso an exploration inphilosophy. It was an

inquiry into thespeculative rather thanthe observational, and

it created the freedomto design.

TYPES OF POTTERY IN KOREA :


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Earthenware in

South Korea:Korean

Earthenwaredeveloped duringthe prehistoricperiod and reachedits prime during the

'Silla' and 'Kaya'

Celadon in South


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Korea:

This signifies the useof Jade for PotteryMaking in SouthKorea. This form of

pottery was adaptedfrom China.

Stoneware in South


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Korea:

Known as "Punch'ong"in the country, it iscreated in aninteresting way. The

stoneware is firstpainted by a grayish-green varnish followed

by a white layer.

Whiteware in South Korea:

Whit i b i ll


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Whiteware is basicallythe use of white

porcelain.The beauty of porcelain

Pottery lay in its

simplicity and wasmarked by the motifs ofdragons, peonies, pine

or plum trees, flyingcranes and many

The Koreans have used potteries from


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7000 to 8000 years ago. Since ancientimes they used to make pottery by fir

clay at a heat of 1300 degree CelsiusThey produced unique, original and

beautiful pottery. They traded extensivwith China and adopted manufacturinskills of Celadon.

Korean pottery in theSill (668 935)


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Silla era (668 to 935)

the pottery was plainin color, design andsilhouette at the timeof the unified Silla

era.

Korean pottery in theGoguryeo era (918 to


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Goguryeo era (918 to1392)

In this age the pottersmade foliate designs,key fret, geometricshapes, elliptical panels,

stylized fishes andinsects, and they startedusing incised designsfrom this era. The

glazes used, were

Korean pottery in Joseon dynasty (1392 to 19

i b ll d h ld f K


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it can be called the golden era of Koreanpottery.

The Korean ceramics developed to a grextent and pottery was produced in a larcommercial scale for export. The quality

the pottery also improved considerably.They followed the Chinese Ming Dynastevolving their improved range of pottery

and they are similar in certain aspects tothe Chinese wares.


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After the fall of the Ming dynastymany Chinese potters migrated to


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many Chinese potters migrated toKorea

They had brought colorful and vibranpottery of special forms which wasdiscarded by the Korean potters whopreferred to make simple and less

bedecked wares.

Korea exported most of its potteriesto Ja an and rinci all from the

east asian arts 2nd gp

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