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Approved Recovery Plan

Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub Endangered Ecological Community

Recovery Plan

Department of Environment and

Conservation (NSW)

February 2004

© Department of Environment and Conservation (NSW), 2004. This work is copyright, however material presented in this plan may be copied for personal use or published for educational purposes, providing that any extracts are fully acknowledged. Apart from this and any other use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced without prior written permission from the DEC. The NPWS is part of the Department of Environment and Conservation Department of Environment and Conservation (NSW) 43 Bridge Street (PO Box 1967) Hurstville NSW 2220 Ph: (02) 9585 6444 www.nationalparks.nsw.gov.au Requests for information or comments regarding this recovery plan should be directed to:- The Director-General, Department of Environment and Conservation (NSW) c/- Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub Recovery Program Coordinator Conservation Programs and Planning, Metropolitan Region Environment Protection and Regulation Division Department of Environment and Conservation PO Box 1967 HURSTVILLE NSW 2220 Ph: (02) 9585 6678 Cover photo: P.H. Glass, Jennifer St. La Perouse This plan should be cited as the following NSW Department of Environment and Conservation (2004) Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub Endangered Ecological Community Recovery Plan. NSW Department of Environment and Conservation, Hurstville. ISBN 0 7313 6763 4

Recovery Plan for the Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub endangered ecological community

Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub Recovery Plan

Executive Summary This document constitutes the formal Commonwealth and New South Wales Recovery Plan for the Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub endangered ecological community. It identifies the actions to be taken to ensure the long-term viability of Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub in nature and the parties who will carry these out.

Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub (ESBS) is listed as endangered on Schedule 1 Part 3 of the NSW Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995 and as endangered under the Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999. It is a sclerophyllous heath/scrub community that once occupied approximately 5,300 hectares between North Head and Botany Bay in the Sydney Basin Bioregion. Today, only 146 hectares of ESBS remains in small, isolated remnants on a range of tenures including private, Local, State and Commonwealth Government land. ESBS occurs on disjunct patches of nutrient poor, aeolian dune sand and may contain small patches of woodland, low forest or limited wetter areas, depending on site topography and hydrology. Commonly recorded species of the community include Banksia aemula, Banksia ericifolia, Banksia serrata, Eriostemon australasius, Lepidosperma laterale, Leptospermum laevigatum, Monotoca elliptica, Pteridium esculentum, Ricinocarpos pinifolius and Xanthorrhoea resinifera. A major threat to ESBS is the further loss and fragmentation of habitat as a consequence of clearing and development. Other known threats include: altered nutrient flows and hydrological regimes; weed invasion; inappropriate fire regimes; mowing, slashing and the inappropriate use of herbicides; grazing by horses and rabbits; over shading; infection by Phytophthora cinnamomi; erosion and physical damage from surface water run-off, bicycles, motor vehicles, horses, rabbits and excessive pedestrian use; inappropriate plantings; factors affecting pollination and seed dispersal processes; seed and wildflower collection; and the dumping of rubbish (including construction materials and green waste). This recovery plan describes our current understanding of ESBS, documents the management actions undertaken to date, and outlines a recovery program over the next five years. To provide for the future recovery of ESBS, this plan advocates a recovery program that:

• maps, assesses and monitors the condition of all ESBS remnants; • ensures that ESBS remnants are not destroyed and that an increased level of legislative protection is

provided over land that provides habitat for ESBS; • favours in-situ protection and the management of threats at ESBS sites; • raises public awareness of ESBS and encourages active community participation in its conservation; and • examines the ecological aspects of ESBS which will inform management decisions regarding the long-

term conservation of the community. It is intended that this recovery plan will be implemented over a five-year period. Recovery actions will largely be implemented using existing resources of various NSW government agencies and community groups. The total cost to implement the plan is $98,000 over five years, however this does not include the cost of preparing and implementing plans of management.

Tony Fleming Bob Debus MP A/Director-General Minister for the Environment

Recovery Plan for the Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub endangered ecological community Acknowledgments This recovery plan was prepared through joint funding from the NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service (which is now part of the NSW Department of Environment and Conservation) and Environment Australia (Commonwealth Endangered Species Project No. 20761).

The NSW Department of Environment and Conservation (DEC) would like to thank the following people and organisations for their assistance during the preparation of the plan: Paul Ibbetson, Bronwyn Conyers and Dionne Coburn (DEC); Daniel Hirschfeld, Tina Digby and Tony Watson (Randwick Council); Michael Buckley (Waverley Council); Dannielle Kirton (Botany Council); Woollahra Council and Manly Council; Michael Mathias, Sonya Dare, Anthony Fitzsimmons and Andrew Freeman (Department of Defence); Robyn Sim and Nick Stroinovsky (Sydney Water Corporation); Nicole Wilmot (Eastern Beaches/Botany Bay CMC); Associate Professor Paul Adam (University of NSW); Judith Peters and Nicola Bryden (Centennial Park and Moore Park Trust); Ken Turner (previously Department of Land and Water Conservation); Energy Australia, Enerserve and Telstra; and the Commonwealth Department of Finance and Administration.

Suzanne O’Neil and Martin Bremner (DEC) are acknowledged for editing the draft and final versions of the plan respectively.

The DEC would also like to acknowledge the members of the local Randwick community who have been, and continue to be, actively involved in the conservation of ESBS.


Table of Contents 1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 1 2 Legislative Context.......................................................................................................................................... 1

2.1 LEGAL STATUS ......................................................................................................................................... 1 2.2 RECOVERY PLAN PREPARATION................................................................................................................ 1 2.3 RECOVERY PLAN IMPLEMENTATION ......................................................................................................... 1 2.4 CRITICAL HABITAT .................................................................................................................................. 2 2.5 KEY THREATENING PROCESSES................................................................................................................ 2 2.6 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................................... 3

3 Conservation Status......................................................................................................................................... 3 4 Distribution and habitat ................................................................................................................................... 3

4.1 HISTORICAL DISTRIBUTION....................................................................................................................... 3 4.2 CURRENT DISTRIBUTION........................................................................................................................... 4 4.3 HABITAT .................................................................................................................................................. 4

4.3.1 Landform and geology ........................................................................................................................... 4 4.3.2 Climate ................................................................................................................................................... 4

4.4 TENURE AND ZONING ............................................................................................................................... 4 5 Description ...................................................................................................................................................... 4

5.1 SCIENTIFIC DESCRIPTION .......................................................................................................................... 4 5.2 DISTINGUISHING THE ESBS COMMUNITY................................................................................................. 7

6 Ecological Processes ....................................................................................................................................... 7 6.1 FIRE ECOLOGY ......................................................................................................................................... 7 6.2 SOIL SEED BANK ECOLOGY ....................................................................................................................... 7 6.3 DISTURBANCE REGIMES ........................................................................................................................... 8

7 Previous Management Actions........................................................................................................................ 9 7.1 ECOLOGICAL STUDIES.............................................................................................................................. 9 7.2 IN-SITU PROTECTION ................................................................................................................................ 9 7.3 RECOVERY TEAM...................................................................................................................................... 9 7.4 ESBS PROFILE AND EIA GUIDELINES ....................................................................................................... 9 7.5 ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ............................................................................................................... 9

8 Management Issues ......................................................................................................................................... 9 8.1 LEVEL OF CURRENT UNDERSTANDING ...................................................................................................... 9 8.2 THREATENING PROCESSES........................................................................................................................ 9

8.2.1 Habitat loss and fragmentation............................................................................................................... 9 8.2.2 Habitat degradation ................................................................................................................................ 9

8.3 ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION ................................................................................................................... 10 8.4 ABILITY TO RECOVER ............................................................................................................................. 10

9 Proposed Recovery Objectives, Actions and Performance Criteria .............................................................. 10 9.1 SURVEY AND ASSESSMENT .......................................................................................................................... 10 9.2 RESERVATION/PROTECTION OF THE COMMUNITY......................................................................................... 10 9.3 THREAT MANAGEMENT AND ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION ............................................................................ 11 9.4 COMMUNITY AWARENESS, EDUCATION AND INVOLVEMENT ........................................................................ 12 9.5 RESEARCH ................................................................................................................................................... 12

10 Consideration of social and economic consequences................................................................................ 13 10.1 SOCIAL CONSEQUENCES ......................................................................................................................... 13 10.2 ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES.................................................................................................................... 13

11 Implementation.......................................................................................................................................... 13 11.1 IMPLEMENTATION COSTS........................................................................................................................ 13

12 Preparation details ..................................................................................................................................... 13 12.1 DATE OF LAST AMENDMENT ................................................................................................................... 13 12.2 REVIEW DATE......................................................................................................................................... 13

13 Contacts ..................................................................................................................................................... 14 13.1 RECOVERY TEAM ................................................................................................................................... 14

14 References ................................................................................................................................................. 14

Recovery Plan for the Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub endangered ecological community List of Tables Table 1: General ESBS site details ..........................................................................................................................5 Table 2: In-situ conservation measures undertaken at ESBS sites ..........................................................................8

List of Figures Figure 1: ESBS distribution map

List of Appendices Appendix 1: ESBS profile and EIA guidelines Appendix 2: Recovery Plan cost schedule Appendix 3: Site details Appendix 4: Site maps Appendix 5: Summary of advice from the NSW Scientific Committee


1 Introduction Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub (ESBS) is a sclerophyllous heath/scrub community that occurs on disjunct patches of nutrient poor aeolian dune sand along the Sydney coast. Small patches of woodland, low forest or limited wetter areas may be present within ESBS, depending on site topography and hydrology. Common species of the community include Banksia aemula, B. ericifolia, B. serrata, Eriostemon australasius, Lepidosperma laterale, Leptospermum laevigatum, Monotoca elliptica, Pteridium esculentum, Ricinocarpos pinifolius and Xanthorrhoea resinifera (Benson & Howell 1990a, 1900b & 1994, NSW Scientific Committee 2002). ESBS once occupied approximately 5,300 hectares between North Head and Botany Bay. Today, only 146 hectares of the community remains in isolated remnants, ranging in size from 0.06 to 69 hectares. These remnants occur across a range of tenures, including private, Local, State and Commonwealth Government land. A major threat to ESBS is the further loss and fragmentation of habitat as a consequence of clearing and development. Other threats to the community include: altered nutrient flows and hydrological regimes; weed invasion; inappropriate fire regimes; over shading; mowing, slashing and the inappropriate use of herbicides; grazing by horses and rabbits; infection by Phytophthora cinnamomi; erosion and physical damage from surface water run-off, bicycles, motor vehicles, horses, rabbits and excessive pedestrian use; inappropriate plantings; factors affecting pollination and seed dispersal processes; seed and wildflower collection; and the dumping of rubbish (including construction materials and greenwaste). ESBS has significant cultural value to local indigenous groups. Indigenous people in the La Perouse area have traditionally used ESBS plant species for shelter, medicine, food and a range of ceremonial purposes. These same uses are likely to have occurred at other ESBS sites. ESBS plant species are still utilised today by local indigenous groups for medicinal purposes and in events such as burial ceremonies. This recovery plan describes our current understanding of ESBS, documents the management actions undertaken to date, and outlines a recovery program for this endangered community over the next five years.

2 Legislative Context

2.1 Legal status The Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub in the Sydney Basin Bioregion ecological community is listed as endangered on Part 3 Schedule 1 of the New South Wales Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995 (TSC Act). Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub of the Sydney Region is listed as an endangered ecological community under the Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act).

2.2 Recovery plan preparation

The EPBC Act (Commonwealth) and the TSC Act (NSW) require the Commonwealth Minister for the Environment and the Director-General of the NSW Department of Environment and Conservation to prepare recovery plans for all Commonwealth listed species and communities, and State listed species, populations and ecological communities respectively. Both legislative instruments include specific requirements for the matters to be addressed by recovery plans and the process for preparing recovery plans. This plan satisfies the provisions of both the EPBC Act and the TSC Act and as such, there will only be one recovery plan operating for ESBS.

2.3 Recovery plan implementation

The TSC Act requires that a public authority must take any appropriate measures available to implement actions included in a recovery plan for which they have agreed to be responsible. Public authorities and councils that are responsible for the implementation of recovery plan actions are required by the TSC Act to report on the measures taken to implement those actions. In addition, the Act specifies that public authorities must not make decisions that are inconsistent with the provisions of the plan. The NSW public authorities relevant to this plan are the Department of Environment and Conservation, Botany Council, Randwick Council, Waverley Council, Manly Council, Sydney Water Corporation, Centennial Park and Moore Park Trust, Energy Australia, the Department of Lands, the Department of Infrastructure, Planning and Natural Resources, the Department of Education and Training, Landcom and the Department of Community Services. The Commonwealth agencies relevant to this plan are the Department of Finance and Administration,

Department of Environment and Conservation (NSW) Page 1


the Department of Defence, the Sydney Harbour Federation Trust, and Telstra. The EPBC Act states that the Commonwealth must implement a recovery plan to the extent to which it applies to Commonwealth areas. Commonwealth areas relevant to this recovery plan include Department of Defence and Sydney Harbour Federation Trust lands at North Head (Manly), Department of Defence lands at Bundock Street (Randwick) and Department of Finance and Administration lands at Malabar Headland. Consequently, public authorities that manage land that contains ESBS must, as the responsible land manager, manage the site in accordance with this recovery plan. Relevant land management issues include noxious weed and pest control, and fire and habitat management. Likewise, the DEC must facilitate research in accordance with the priorities identified in this plan and subject to the controls outlined in this plan.

2.4 Critical Habitat

The TSC Act makes provision for the identification and declaration of critical habitat for species, populations and ecological communities listed as endangered. Declaration of critical habitat provides clear legal recognition of the significance of an area or areas of land for the ongoing survival of a species, population or community. Once declared, it becomes an offence to damage critical habitat (unless the TSC Act specifically exempts the action) and a Species Impact Statement is mandatory for all developments and activities proposed within critical habitat. Under the EPBC Act, critical habitat may be registered for any nationally listed threatened species or ecological community. When adopting a recovery plan, the Federal Minister for the Environment must consider whether to list habitat identified in the recovery plan as being critical to the survival of the species or ecological community. It is an offence under the EPBC Act for a person to knowingly take an action that will significantly damage critical habitat (unless the EPBC Act specifically exempts the action). This offence only applies to Commonwealth areas. However, an action, which is likely to have a significant impact on a nationally listed species or community, is still subject to referral and approval under the EPBC Act. To date critical habitat has not been declared for ESBS. Given that less than 3% of the community remains, the identification of critical habitat is proposed in this recovery plan (see Section 9.2.1).

2.5 Key Threatening Processes

The following key threatening processes, as listed on Schedule 3 of the TSC Act, are potentially relevant to ESBS:

• Clearing of native vegetation; • Invasion of native plant communities by

Chrysanthemoides monilifera; • High frequency fire resulting in the disruption

of life cycle processes in plants and animals and loss of vegetation structure and composition;

• Infection of native plants by Phytophthora cinnamomi;

• Competition and grazing by the feral European Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus(L.);

• Invasion of native plant communities by exotic perennial grasses; and

• Anthropogenic climate change. Clearing of native vegetation is listed as a key threatening process and is a major threat to ESBS. Past and present clearing of ESBS is the primary cause of its endangered status. The clearing of native vegetation adjacent to ESBS stands may also impact upon the community indirectly. Invasion of native plant communities by Chrysanthemoides monilifera is listed as a key threatening process. C. monilifera is a South African species of which two subspecies occur in Australia; ssp. monilifera (Boneseed), and ssp. rotundata (Bitou Bush). Both subspecies can invade and displace native plant communities due to their vigorous growth, prolific seed production and effective seed dispersal (NSW Scientific Committee 1999). Several ESBS remnants suffer from high levels of Bitou Bush infestation.

High frequency fire has the potential to disrupt life cycle processes in native vegetation. Some ESBS remnants have been subject to frequent burning in the past, mostly from illegally lit fires. The re-instatement of appropriate fire regimes (where possible) should be a priority when developing management strategies for sites that contain ESBS (see Section 6.1).

ESBS is likely to be susceptible to infection by Phytophthora cinnamomi either through the direct infection and death of plants, or through habitat degradation and a resultant loss of habitat complexity. Grazing by feral rabbits and competition by exotic perennial grasses (particularly Eragrostis curvula) are also recorded as threats at a number of ESBS remnants.



2.6 Environmental Assessment

The TSC Act amendments to the environmental assessment provisions of the Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979 (EP&A Act) requires that consent and determining authorities consider relevant recovery plans when exercising a decision making function under Parts 4 & 5 of the EP&A Act. Decision-makers must consider known and potential habitat, biological and ecological factors and the regional significance of individual populations. Accordingly, the Department of Environment and Conservation, Botany Council, Randwick Council, Waverley Council, Manly Council, Sydney Water Corporation, Centennial Park and Moore Park Trust, Energy Australia, the Department of Lands, the Department of Infrastructure Planning and Natural Resources, the Department of Education and Training, and the Department of Community Services, when considering any development or activity that may affect ESBS, must consider the conservation strategy outlined in this recovery plan and the Environmental Impact Assessment Guidelines for ESBS (Appendix 1). The EPBC Act regulates actions that may result in a significant impact on nationally listed threatened species and ecological communities. It is an offence to undertake any such actions in areas under State or Territory jurisdiction, as well as on Commonwealth-owned areas, without obtaining prior approval from the Commonwealth Environment Minister. As ESBS is listed under the EPBC Act, any person proposing to undertake actions likely to have a significant impact on this community should refer the action to the Commonwealth Minister for the Environment for consideration. The Minister will then decide whether the action requires EPBC Act approval. Administrative guidelines are available from Environment Australia to assist proponents in determining whether their action is likely to have a significant impact. In cases where the action does not require EPBC Act approval, but will result in the death or injury of a member of the ESBS community and the member is in, or on a Commonwealth area, a permit issued by the Commonwealth Minister under the EPBC Act will be required. The Environment Minister can delegate the role of assessment and approval to other Commonwealth

Ministers under a Ministerial Declaration and to the States and Territories under bilateral agreements. The development of a bilateral agreement between NSW and the Commonwealth is not yet complete, but when in place, will avoid the need for duplication of environmental assessment.

3 Conservation Status Less than 3% (146 ha) of the original distribution of ESBS (5,300 ha) remains, in a number of small and isolated remnants. Only 33 hectares of ESBS (or 0.6% of its original distribution) occurs within conservation reserves (Botany Bay National Park at La Perouse and Sydney Harbour National Park at North Head). In 1997, the NSW Scientific Committee listed Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub as an endangered ecological community on Schedule 1 Part 3 of the TSC Act. This listing occurred because in view of the substantial reduction in the area occupied by ESBS, its fragmentation and the numerous threats operating on surviving remnants, the NSW Scientific Committee was of the opinion that the community was likely to become extinct in nature in NSW unless the factors threatening its survival ceased to operate. In 2000, the Commonwealth Threatened Species Scientific Committee listed Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub of the Sydney Region as an endangered ecological community under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999.

4 Distribution and habitat

4.1 Historical distribution

ESBS once covered approximately 5,300 hectares of land between North Head and Botany Bay in the local government areas of Botany, Manly, Randwick, South Sydney, Waverley and Woollahra (Figure 1). The community occupied nutrient poor sand deposits; had a structural form of heath, scrub and/or low forest; and exhibited considerable floristic variation (Benson & Howell 1990b, NSW Scientific Committee 2002). Historically, the clearing of ESBS occurred as a consequence of the urban expansion of Sydney, as the land occupied by ESBS was of little agricultural value. Residential growth in the late 1800’s and early 1900’s created a steady decrease in the area of ESBS remaining (Benson & Howell 1990b).



4.2 Current distribution

Today, less than 3% of the original distribution of ESBS remains in isolated remnants, ranging in size from 0.06 to 69 hectares. Surviving stands of ESBS totalling 146 hectares have been recorded from the local government areas of Botany, Randwick, Waverley and Manly (Figure 1). Only 33 hectares of ESBS has been recorded from within conservation reserves (Botany Bay National Park at La Perouse and Sydney Harbour National Park at North Head).

An isolated ESBS remnant at an Eastern Suburb’s golf course (PH Glass)

A good quality ESBS remnant at North Head, Manly (PH Glass)

4.3 Habitat

4.3.1 Landform and geology

Quaternary and Pleistocene sands and clays cover much of the Hawkesbury Sandstone in Sydney’s Eastern Suburbs (Benson & Howell 1990a), with the configuration of the underlying sandstone influencing the location and extent of sediments (Roy 1983). Extensive aeolian dune sands occur between Bunnerong and Moore Park, while estuarine silts and clays occur along Sheas Creek and the Cooks River (Benson & Howell 1990a). ESBS once grew extensively over the aeolian dune sands of this region and in wetter areas with concentrated organic material (Benson & Howell 1990a). North Head is a sandstone headland which contains a sand sheet of similar age and composition to that

on which ESBS occurs to the south of the harbour (NSW Scientific Committee 2002).

4.3.2 Climate

The Sydney area has a warm temperate climate with average monthly temperatures between 12°C (winter) and 22°C (summer) and mean annual rainfall of 1104 mm (Bureau of Meteorology 2001).

4.4 Tenure and zoning

Tenure and zoning information for recorded ESBS sites is detailed in Table 1.

5 Description

5.1 Scientific description

ESBS generally forms a sclerophyllous heath or scrub community. Some remnants contain small patches of woodland, low forest or limited wetter areas, depending on site topography and hydrology (NSW Scientific Committee 2002, Benson & Howell, 1990a; 1990b; and 1994). Common ESBS species include Banksia ericifolia, Banksia serrata, Eriostemon australasius, Lepidosperma laterale, Leptospermum laevigatum, Monotoca elliptica, Pteridium esculentum, Ricinocarpos pinifolius and Xanthorrhoea resinifera (Benson & Howell 1990b). Banksia aemula is also a typical species of the community and occurs at its southern limit in La Perouse (Benson & Howell 1990a). The characteristic assemblage of vascular plant species in the community as defined by the NSW Scientific Committee (2002) is: Pteridium esculentum, Caustis pentandra, Dianella revoluta, Eragrostis brownii, Haemodorum planifolium, Hypolaena fastigiata, Lepidosperma laterale, Leptocarpus tenax, Lepyrodia scariosa, Xanthorrhoea resinifera, Acacia longifolia, Acacia suaveolens, Acacia terminalis, Acacia ulicifolia, Actinotus helianthi, Actinotus minor, Allocasuarina distyla, Astroloma pinifolium, Banksia aemula, Banksia ericifolia, Banksia integrifolia, Banksia serrata, Baeckea imbricata, Bauera rubioides, Billardiera scandens, Boronia parviflora, Bossiaea heterophylla, Bossiaea scolopendria, Brachyloma daphnoides, Conospermum taxifolium, Cyathochaeta diandra, Darwinia fascicularis, Darwinia leptantha, Dichelachne crinita, Dillwynia retorta, Epacris longiflora, Epacris microphylla, Epacris



Table 1: General ESBS site details

Site Name & Location Map in Appendix 4

LGA Area (ha)*

Tenure Zoning Condition of remnants Recorded Management Issues

Anzac Parade, Malabar Malabar Headland West

Randwick 0.5 RCC Road 1 patch located in median strip of Anzac Parade

Fire & weed management, mowing &/or slashing, rubbish dumping, access, erosion control

Arthur Byrne Reserve, Maroubra

Malabar Headland West

Randwick 0.02 RCC 6A 1 patch, degraded, contiguous with Malabar West site

Fire & weed management, access, fox/rabbit control, erosion control, drainage/run-off issues

Australian Golf Course, Kensington

Australian Golf Course

Randwick 0.27 Private 6B 3 patches fragmented by road, low species diversity

Fire & weed management, access, rabbit control

Banksmeadow Primary School, Banksmeadow

Banksmeadow Botany 0.27 DE&T 1 patch, fair to poor condition

Management Plan (Bushcare funded) prepared but implementation lacking, fire & weed management, erosion control, rubbish dumping

Bonnie Doon Golf Course, Pagewood (includes Mutch Park)

Bonnie Doon Golf Course

Botany 2.5 Sydney Water

Unzoned Numerous isolated remnants of varying size & condition

Management Plan prepared, fire & weed management, fox/rabbit control, access, erosion control, drainage/run-off issues, mowing &/or slashing, inappropriate plantings, dumping of green waste

Botany Bay NP, La Perouse & Little Bay

La Perouse East & Jennifer St

Randwick 10.78 DEC 8 Six patches, high species diversity in Jennifer Street Patch

Management Plan prepared, fire & weed management, dog/fox/rabbit control, access, erosion control, rubbish dumping, drainage/run-off issues, past soil disturbance

Bunnerong Rd, Chifley Bunnerong Rd, Chifley

Randwick 1.14 Dept of Lands

2A, road 2 patches, degraded Fire & weed management, erosion control, fox/rabbit control, access, past soil disturbance, clearing by residents, rubbish dumping

Bunnerong Substation, Matraville

Bunnerong Substation

Randwick 1.54 Energy Australia

4A 4 patches, fair to poor condition

Fire & weed management, erosion control, fox/rabbit control, inappropriate plantings, mowing &/or slashing, drainage/run-off issues

Centennial Park Centennial Park North & South

Randwick 1.03 CP&MPT 6A 8 patches, fair to poor condition

Draft Management Plan prepared, fire & weed management, access, dog/rabbit control, erosion, inappropriate plantings, mowing/slashing, overshading

Eastlake Golf Course, Eastlakes

Botany Wetlands 1, 2 & 3

Botany 7.32 (includes the Lakes)

Sydney Water

Unzoned Numerous patches, varying condition

Management Plan prepared, fire & weed management, fox/rabbit control, access, erosion control, drainage/run-off issues, mowing &/or slashing, inappropriate plantings, dumping of green waste and other material

Jennifer St (ALC Land), Little Bay

Jennifer St Randwick 0.3 ALC 2B 1 patch, fair condition, contiguous with DEC Jennifer St remnant

Fire & weed management, access, rubbish dumping, rabbit control

Jennifer St (Telstra Land), Little Bay

Jennifer St Randwick 2.0 Telstra 5 1 patch, good condition, contiguous with DEC Jennifer St remnant

Fire & weed management, fox/rabbit control, mowing &/or slashing under cables and around margins, rubbish dumping

Malabar Headland East, Malabar

Malabar Headland East

Randwick 17.4 DF&A 6A, 6B, 8

Several large patches, high diversity, one of the largest most contiguous areas

Draft community Plan of Management prepared, fire & weed management, access, erosion control, dog/horse/fox/rabbit control, possible soil contamination, rubbish dumping

Malabar Headland West, Malabar

Malabar Headland West

Randwick 4.93 DF&A 2B, 6A, 6B

11 patches, high diversity, one of the largest most contiguous areas

Draft Community Plan of Management prepared, fire & weed management, access, erosion control; cat/dog/horse/fox/rabbit control, possible soil contamination, dumping of green waste and rubbish, building of ‘cubbies’



Site Name & Location Map in

Appendix 3 LGA Area

(ha)* Tenure Zoning Condition of remnants Recorded Management Issues

Maroubra Reservoir, Maroubra

Maroubra Reservoir

Randwick 0.06 Sydney Water

5 2 patches, poor condition

Fire & weed management, inappropriate plantings, drainage/run-off issues

North Head, Manly North Head Manly 68.85 DEC, SHFT, DOD

5,8 Several patches, good condition, high species diversity

Fire & weed management, fox/rabbit control, erosion control, infrastructure maintenance and construction, dumped rubbish, drainage/run-off issues

NSW Golf Course, La Perouse

La Perouse East Randwick 12.96 Dept of Lands

6A High species diversity especially since '98 wildfire

Management Plan prepared, fire & weed management, fox/rabbit control, access, erosion control, drainage/run-off issues, inappropriate plantings, mowing/slashing/removal of overstorey, dumping of green waste

Pioneers Park, Malabar Malabar Headland West

Randwick 0.02 RCC 6A 1 small patch, species poor Fire & weed management, access, fox/rabbit control

Prince Henry Hospital, Little Bay

Little Bay North

Randwick 0.96 DOH, Landcom

5 3 patches, varying condition Masterplan for site prepared, fire & weed management, fox/rabbit control, rubbish dumping, boundary plantings, mowing/slashing, access

Randwick Environmental Park, Kingsford

Randwick Environmental Park

Randwick 3.6 DOD, RCC

7 7 patches, relatively good condition

Plan of Management prepared, fire & weed management, erosion control, access, drainage/run-off issues, fox/rabbit control, building of ‘cubbies’, inappropriate plantings, rubbish dumping

St Michael's Golf Course, Little Bay

Little Bay South & La Perouse East

Randwick 7.17 Dept of Lands

6A Numerous patches, varying quality

Fire & weed management, fox/rabbit control, access, erosion control, drainage/run-off issues, mowing/slashing/overspray, dumping of green waste, inappropriate plantings

The Lakes Golf Course, Eastlakes

Botany Wetlands 1, 2 & 3

Botany See Eastlakes

Sydney Water

Unzoned Highly degraded, only few spp. present

Fire & weed management, fox/rabbit control, access, erosion control, drainage/run-off issues, mowing &/or slashing, inappropriate plantings

Wassell St, Matraville Bunnerong Rd, Chifley

Randwick 0.65 RCC 6A 1 patch, degraded Fire & weed management, erosion control, fox/rabbit control, access, drainage/run-off issues

York Rd, Bondi Junction

York Rd Waverley 1.27 DOCS, CP&MPT

5 1 patch, degraded Draft Management Plan prepared, fire & weed management, erosion control, access, overshading, pine needles, rubbish dumping

TOTAL 145.54

*DEC, Geographic Information Systems Unit Key to Table Zoning: 2A & 2B = Residential, 4A &4B = Industrial, 5 = Special Uses, 6A = Open Space, 6B = Private Open Space, 7=Environmental Protection, 8 = National Park Tenure: DFA = Dept of Finance and Administration, SHFT = Sydney Harbour Federation Trust, RCC = Randwick City Council, DE&T = Dept of Education and Training, CP&MPT = Centennial Park & Moore Park Trust, DOD = Dept of Defence, DOH = Department of Health, ALC = Aboriginal Land Council, DOCS = Dept of Community Services



obtusifolia, Eriostemon australasius, Eucalyptus gummifera, Gonocarpus teucrioides, Hakea teretifolia, Hardenbergia violacea, Hibbertia fasciculata, Kunzea ambigua, Lambertia formosa, Leptospermum trinervium, Leptospermum laevigatum, Leucopogon ericoides, Lomandra longifolia, Melaleuca nodosa, Melaleuca squamea, Monotoca elliptica, Monotoca scoparia, Persoonia lanceolata, Philotheca salsolifolia, Pimelea linifolia, Pomax umbellata, Restio fastigiata, Ricinocarpos pinifolius, Styphelia viridis, Woollsia pungens and Xanthosia pilosa. The species list for the entire community is larger than that shown above, with many species only occurring at a few sites or in low numbers. In any particular site, not all of the assemblage listed above may be present. At any one time some species may only be present as seeds in the soil seed bank with no above ground individuals present. The species composition of a site is influenced by the size of the site and by its recent disturbance history (NSW Scientific Committee 2002).

5.2 Distinguishing the ESBS community

The ESBS community is similar to the more widespread coastal heath communities of the eastern seaboard but can be distinguished by the following characteristics:

• ESBS occurs on disjunct patches of nutrient poor aeolian (wind blown) dune sand; and

• Coastal heath occurs on soils derived from sandstone, Holocene marine sands (Benson & Howell 1994), or on aeolian sands of younger age than those of ESBS (NSW Scientific Committee 2002).

Coastal heath is also characteristically much lower than ESBS and, although sharing many species with ESBS, characteristically contains maritime elements such as Baeckea imbricata, Correa alba and Westringia fruticosa (Benson & Howell 1990a; NSW Scientific Committee 2002).

6 Ecological Processes

6.1 Fire Ecology

Fire is an important factor in the ecology of many plant communities (Gill 1975, Purdie 1977). Fire exclusion, which has become a feature of many urban bushland remnants since European settlement, can result in a reduction in species diversity over time (McDonald 1994), as species that depend on fire for seedling recruitment may become locally extinct in its absence (Gill & Bradstock 1995).

While there is a general understanding of the basic fire ecology of some of the component species of ESBS, the fire ecology of ESBS at a community level is not well understood. However, field observations indicate that after a prolonged period (>15 years) without fire or similar disturbance, the floristic composition and vegetation structure of the community becomes simplified with a few species dominating the standing vegetation (P. Ibbetson, DEC, pers. comm.). Fire management in ESBS remnants requires careful consideration, as both high fire frequency and fire exclusion are likely to reduce species diversity. Bradstock et al. (1995) suggest applying a variable fire regime in order to maximise biodiversity conservation, however this needs to be tested for very restricted taxa or communities. Consequently, a variable fire regime for ESBS should be trialed on a small scale as a research priority. In the interim, the following recommendations are made regarding the fire parameters for ESBS: • successive fires at intervals of less than 8 years

should be avoided; • successive fires at intervals of more than 15

years should be avoided; and • fire exclusion for a period of more than 30

years should be avoided. The regular burning of ESBS at frequencies near the lower end of these parameters (ie. every 8 to 10 years) should also be avoided, as this may impact upon the seedling recruitment of component species with a long primary juvenile period (eg Banksia serrata).

6.2 Soil seed bank ecology

There has been very little research conducted on the soil seed bank ecology of ESBS. Lesak (2000) observed that species germinated from samples of soil taken from an ESBS site that were not present as standing vegetation at the donor site, indicating that a soil seed bank for ESBS does exist. Lesak (2000) also found that smokewater did not significantly influence the germination rates of selected ESBS species. Clements et al. (2001) states that ESBS has a high natural resilience to disturbance. By examining the past and current distribution of an ESBS remnant in Randwick, Clements et al. (2001) found that ESBS naturally regenerated on cleared sand where no vegetation remained above the ground but the soil profile remained intact.



These findings highlight the importance of considering soil seedbank ecology and the in-situ resilience of ESBS remnants when developing site specific management strategies.

6.3 Disturbance regimes

Grazing by rabbits and horses may be impacting upon seedling recruitment and fecundity rates in several ESBS remnants. Such grazing may also be contributing to soil erosion (through water and wind) in affected remnants.

Altered hydrological conditions (including water regimes and nutrient flows) from adjacent land uses are adversely affecting some ESBS remnants, particularly those located within, or downslope of, golf courses. In addition to potentially altering the composition and structure of affected remnants, altered hydrological conditions may also contribute to degradation through weed invasion.

Lack of pollination and seed dispersal from insects, birds and mammals could also be threatening the

long-term viability of ESBS remnants. As most remnants are small and isolated, pollination and seed dispersal processes may be severely altered or completely absent. Pollination rates for certain ESBS species may also be impacted by the presence of introduced honeybees.

Competition from weed species including Bitou Bush (Chrysanthemoides monilifera), Lantana (Lantana camara) and African Love Grass (Eragrostis curvula) has contributed to a severe reduction in species diversity at many ESBS remnants.

Some sites, particularly those that have been used in the past by the Department of Defence, may be contaminated. Therefore, contamination may need to be addressed in some site management plans and this may necessitate some clearing of vegetation. Care must be taken to minimise the impact of decontamination activities on ESBS and to restore the impacted area as fully as possible.

Table 2: In-situ conservation measures undertaken at ESBS sites

Site Name & Location Mgt. Plan Weed mgt. Fire mgt. Erosion mgt.

Access mgt.

Protective fencing

Anzac Parade Malabar √ Arthur Byrne Reserve, Maroubra √ √ √ √ Australian Golf Club Kensington Part Banksmeadow Primary School, Banksmeadow

√ √

Bonnie Doon Golf Course, Pagewood

√ √ √

Botany Bay NP, La Perouse √ √ √ √ √ Bunnerong Road, Chifley Bunnerong Substation, Matraville

√

Centennial Park √ √ √ √ Eastlake Golf Course, Eastlakes Draft Jennifer St (ALC Lands), Little Bay

Jennifer St (Telstra Lands), La Perouse & Little Bay

√

Malabar Headland East, Malabar √ Malabar Headland West, Malabar

√ √ √

Maroubra Reservoir Johnston Parade Maroubra

√

North Head, Manly NSW Golf Course, La Perouse √ √ √ Pioneers Park, Malabar Prince Henry Hospital Anzac Parade, Little Bay

Randwick Environment Park, Kingsford

√ √ √

St Michael’s Golf Course, Little Bay

√

The Lakes Golf Course, Eastlakes

Draft

Wassell St., Chifley √ √ √ York Rd, Bondi Junction √ √ √



7 Previous Management Actions

7.1 Ecological Studies Lesak (2000) examined the influence of smokewater treatment on the germination rates (both in-situ and in a greenhouse) of a range of ESBS species. While no significant difference in germination rates was observed following the application of smokewater, several species germinated in the greenhouse that were not present as standing vegetation at the donor site.

7.2 In-situ protection

A range of actions have been implemented to protect and restore ESBS remnants at a number of sites. These actions include the preparation of management plans, bush regeneration, boardwalk construction, fencing, educational signage, land acquisition, and reservation. Table 2 shows a selection of the conservation measures that have been implemented at ESBS sites to date.

7.3 Recovery team

An ESBS recovery team was established in September 1999 to guide the DEC in the preparation and implementation of this recovery plan. The recovery team contains representatives from the DEC, Botany Council, Manly Council, Randwick Council, Waverley Council, Sydney Water Corporation, Enerserve, Department of Defence, Department of Finance and Administration, Centennial Park and Moore Park Trust and the University of NSW.

7.4 ESBS profile and EIA guidelines

The DEC has prepared an ESBS profile to assist public authorities, environmental consultants and private landholders in the management and conservation of ESBS on lands under their control (Appendix 1). Environmental impact assessment guidelines for ESBS have also been prepared to assist consent and determining authorities in the assessment of potential impacts on the community (Appendix 1).

7.5 Environmental Assessment

A number of ESBS sites are currently, or have recently been, assessed in relation to development proposals including lands at Prince Henry Hospital (Little Bay), Randwick Environment Park (Kingsford), York Road (Waverley), and North Head (Manly).

8 Management Issues The following sections identify the management issues affecting ESBS including:

• our current understanding of the ecology of the community;

• threatening processes; • community awareness; • ecological restoration and reconstruction; and • consideration of the ability of ESBS to recover.

8.1 Level of current understanding

The factors that influence ecosystem function in ESBS and hence the long-term viability of the community are not well understood. The cumulative effects of fire, nutrient and hydrological regimes, fragmentation, contamination and competition with introduced species need to be considered when developing site specific management strategies for ESBS.

8.2 Threatening processes

8.2.1 Habitat loss and fragmentation

A major threat to ESBS is the loss and fragmentation of habitat through clearing and development. Less than 3% of the original distribution of the community exists and remaining stands are small and fragmented. The fragmentation of ecological communities has many potential consequences for ecological processes including the following:

• A reduction in species diversity; • An increased susceptibility to degradation

through increased edge-to-area ratios; • A reduction in population size, which in turn

can increase the probability of extinction; • Changes in the fluxes of radiation, wind, water

and nutrients across the landscape; • An increased abundance of defoliating insects

resulting in canopy decline and tree dieback; • The genetic isolation of populations which

may result in the loss of genetic diversity and species fitness; and

• A reduction in seed set resulting from the reduced abundance of pollinating agents (Yates and Hobbs 1997).

8.2.2 Habitat degradation

ESBS remnants are subject to a range of threats including:

• Altered nutrient status; • Altered hydrological regimes; • Over shading;



• Mowing, slashing and the inappropriate use of herbicide;

• Invasion by weed species (particularly Bitou Bush, Lantana and African Love Grass);

• Inappropriate fire regimes; • Grazing and trampling by horses and rabbits; • Infection by Phytophthora cinnamomi; • Erosion and/or physical damage from surface

water run-off, bicycles, motor vehicles, horses, rabbits and excessive pedestrian use;

• Inappropriate plantings in and around remnants;

• Seed and wildflower collection; • Factors affecting pollination and seed dispersal

processes; and • Dumping of rubbish including fill material and

green waste.

8.3 Ecological restoration

It may be necessary to use restorative techniques to reinstate ‘natural’ ecosystem function in degraded ESBS remnants. Such restoration programs should utilise the in-situ resilience of the remnant to the fullest extent practical, by applying low level intervention techniques (ie. natural regeneration from the soil seed bank and other propagules on site) whenever possible (see Perkins 2003). Many ESBS remnants are already subject to restoration programs that are being implemented in accordance with site specific management plans (see Section 7). Sites without active management need similar plans to be prepared. This requirement has been included as a recovery action in Section 9.3.3 of this plan.

8.4 Ability to recover

The ability of ESBS to “recover” is limited given that so little of the community survives and that most of the area that it formerly occupied is now developed. The removal of ESBS from the schedules of the TSC Act is not a recovery objective as the community is likely to remain in relatively small, isolated and disjunct remnants. The successful management of the remaining stands of ESBS through habitat protection and restoration is achievable however, although this is subject to resource availability.

9 Proposed Recovery Objectives, Actions and Performance Criteria

The overall objective of this recovery plan is to restore and maintain existing ESBS remnants and, where possible, expand ESBS into adjacent areas. This will be assessed against the criteria that the risk of extinction of ESBS is decreased by

managing known remnants and reducing threats to the community.

9.1 Survey and assessment Objective To map, assess and monitor the condition of all ESBS remnants.

Criteria A map and status description for each remnant is produced and circulated to relevant land managers.

Recovery actions 9.1.1 The DEC will coordinate, in conjunction with relevant government departments and landholders, the assessment and mapping of all ESBS remnants. 9.1.2 The DEC will distribute maps and site descriptions to all relevant land managers and provide ongoing advice regarding their legislative responsibilities and requirements under the TSC Act. 9.1.3 The DEC, in consultation with the recovery team, will monitor and report on the status of remnants.

9.2 Reservation/protection of the community Objective To ensure that ESBS remnants are not destroyed as a consequence of habitat loss and that an increased level of legislative protection is provided over lands that support the ESBS community.

Criteria All remnants of ESBS are maintained in-situ and the highest achievable level of protection is afforded to all remnants.

Recovery actions 9.2.1 The DEC will prepare a recommendation for the identification of critical habitat to the Minister for the Environment. In order to declare critical habitat, the TSC Act requires that the Director-General of the DEC prepare a recommendation report for the consideration of the Minister for the Environment. It is envisaged that all known ESBS remnants and appropriate site specific buffer zones will be proposed for declaration as critical habitat in that report. A copy of the recommendation report will also be forwarded to the Commonwealth Environment Minister for consideration. 9.2.2 The DEC will discuss options to increase the level of legislative protection of ESBS sites with



the public authorities responsible for managing ESBS on public lands. Protection mechanisms could include joint management agreements, property management plans, voluntary conservation agreements and plans of management. 9.2.3 Public authorities (including Randwick Council, Botany Council, Waverley Council, the Department of Lands, and the DEC) will assess developments and activities, and will prepare environmental planning instruments which avoid and minimise impacts on ESBS. In order to give this effect, consent and determining authorities will ensure that:

(i) developments and activities are assessed with reference to this recovery plan, environmental impact assessment guidelines (Appendix 1) and any future advice from the DEC regarding the distribution, threats and ecology of ESBS;

(ii) development consent issued on land in the vicinity of known ESBS is sensitive to the community; and

(iii) environmental policies, management plans and Environmental Planning Instruments are prepared or reviewed, where appropriate, with reference to this recovery plan and any future advice from the DEC regarding the distribution, threats and ecology of ESBS. 9.2.4 The DEC will continue to liaise with the Commonwealth Department of Finance and Administration regarding the management of ESBS on lands at Malabar Headland and future management options. 9.2.5 The DEC will continue to liaise with the Department of Defence (DOD) and the Sydney Harbour Federation Trust regarding the ongoing management and protection of ESBS on lands at North Head including future management options such as the transfer of lands to the DEC. 9.2.6 The DEC will continue to liaise with the DOD and Randwick City Council regarding the management of ESBS remnants in Randwick Environment Park. 9.2.7 The DEC will continue to liaise with the La Perouse and Metropolitan Aboriginal Land Councils regarding the management of land granted under the NSW Aboriginal Land Rights Act 1994 that contains ESBS. 9.2.8 The DEC will continue to liaise with Telstra regarding the management of ESBS remnants on Telstra owned land at Jennifer Street, Little Bay.

9.2.9 Where appropriate, the Department of Lands will examine reserving for Environmental Protection the Crown lands containing ESBS at Bunnerong Road, Chifley.

9.3 Threat management and ecological restoration Objective To restore, and where practical, connect and enlarge remnants of ESBS through appropriate management.

Criteria Within 2 years of the implementation of this plan, agencies will commence active management of ESBS on lands under their responsibility. In 5-10 years of the implementation of this plan all extant remnants are either in a stable condition or are being actively managed to achieve a practical level of site quality.

Recovery actions 9.3.1 The DEC will develop Best Management Practice Guidelines for the management of ESBS sites. 9.3.2 The DEC in consultation with the recovery team will prioritise sites for active management (ie. bush regeneration) through liaison with relevant experts and community representatives. The criteria for this process will be based upon factors influencing the ecology of the remnant including size, disturbance history (including possible site contamination), species diversity/site quality, ability to recover (including soil seedbed) and existing threats. Some sites considered to be high priority are remnants at Malabar Headland, Randwick Environment Park, Prince Henry, Eastlake Golf Course, St Michaels Golf Course and North Head. Resource allocation will be guided by such factors as security/tenure of site, ability to reduce current local threats and the availability of community resources such as Bushcare groups. 9.3.3 The DEC, Randwick Council, Sydney Water Corporation, Energy Australia, the Department of Defence, the Department of Finance and Administration, the Department of Education and Training, Landcom, the Sydney Harbour Federation Trust and the Centennial Park and Moore Park Trust will develop and implement site specific management plans for each ESBS site under their management. In the case of Crown lands, the Department of Lands, or if currently occupied by reservation or an approved tenure from the Crown, the current reserve trust or licensee of that Crown land will develop and implement site specific



management plans for areas of ESBS under their care and control. Site management plans are to address the management issues below and those identified in Table 1, Section 8.2, and Appendix 3:

• fire management; • weed management; • site hydrology (increased nutrient status, run-

off, stormwater discharge); • pest management (rabbits); • site visitation (access and usage); • decontamination of the site (where relevant); • protective fencing; and • use of educational and interpretive signs. All on-ground restoration work in ESBS remnants will be undertaken by, or under the direct supervision of a person, or persons, with training (such as TAFE certification) and experience in bush regeneration techniques. This work will be guided by site management plans. 9.3.4 The DEC will liaise with the Bitou Bush, High Fire Frequency, and Clearing of Native Vegetation Threat Abatement Planning teams to ensure that best practice management techniques are being considered and utilised for this endangered ecological community.

9.4 Community awareness, education and involvement Objective To develop public awareness regarding ESBS and encourage active community participation in the conservation of ESBS.

Criteria The local community is provided with information conveying the importance of ESBS and given opportunities for participation in its conservation through bush regeneration activities and information days.

Recovery Actions 9.4.1 The DEC and Council Bushcare programs will involve the local community in training and bush regeneration activities for ESBS on their lands and will encourage the establishment of new Bushcare groups. Bush regeneration groups provide a wide range of skills and should be encouraged to work to their strengths and where possible given the opportunity to increase their bush regeneration skills through activities such as Randwick Council’s Wildflower Walk and DEC information and skills exchange days.

9.4.2 The DEC, in consultation with the recovery team, will develop a periodic information leaflet highlighting ESBS conservation and detailing future bush regeneration activities in which the public may become involved. 9.4.3 Randwick, Waverley and Botany Councils will distribute the ESBS information leaflet (prepared under Action 9.4.2) with rate notices. 9.4.4 Land managers will assess the appropriateness of interpretive signs at ESBS sites including short-term (advising of bush regeneration activities) and long-term (educational) signs. 9.4.5 The DEC will continue to liase with representatives of La Perouse and Metropolitan Aboriginal Land Councils to foster involvement in the on-going management of ESBS in regard to its cultural values and traditional uses of ESBS.

9.5 Research Objective To examine the ecological aspects of the ESBS community which will inform management decisions regarding the long-term conservation of the community.

Criteria Research is initiated on key ecological aspects of the community, such as regeneration potential and response to fire, to better inform management strategies.

Recovery Actions 9.5.1 The DEC will liaise with local research institutions (including Universities and the Royal Botanic Gardens) and the Randwick Community Nursery to encourage and facilitate research on ESBS. Research priorities include:

• establishing appropriate fire management for ESBS remnants;

• determining the impact of pest species (flora and fauna) and developing controls;

• long term maintenance of species diversity in remnants (especially understorey);

• maintenance of plant/animal ecological processes such as pollination, seed dispersal, herbivory etc; and

• habitat restoration techniques to improve conditions for biodiversity in the long term.



10 Consideration of social and economic consequences

10.1 Social consequences The main social impacts resulting from the implementation of this recovery plan will affect the local residential community and, to a lesser extent, recreational users around Sydney’s Eastern Suburbs. Restoration and protection of existing ESBS remnants will result in the increased preservation of habitats, thus improving the aesthetic, recreational and educational values of these areas for the community. This will be particularly beneficial, as there are presently only a limited number of opportunities for the community to access and experience the original native flora and fauna of the region. Negative social impacts may include public dissatisfaction with the recovery plan actions that address previously unregulated activities such as illegal access, horse riding, and the clearing of vegetation for motorcycle riding. ESBS also has significant cultural value to local indigenous groups. Indigenous people in the La Perouse area have traditionally used plant species of ESBS for shelter, medicine, food and a range of ceremonial purposes. These same uses are likely to have occurred at other ESBS sites. ESBS plant species are still utilised today by local indigenous groups for medicinal purposes and in events such as burial ceremonies. While the local indigenous community will benefit from the conservation of ESBS as a result of actions identified by this plan, some traditional uses may need to be licensed under the TSC Act. While the DEC is of the opinion that these traditional uses are sustainable and could continue with a licence, there may be a negative social perception that traditional uses are being regulated or scrutinised unnecessarily.

10.2 Economic consequences

The economic consequences of this recovery plan relate to the implementation costs and possible development restrictions. Implementation costs include site assessment, on-ground works, community liaison, and the preparation of plans of management. Some of these actions are already part of the duties performed by relevant staff, for example, DEC staff liaising with the public or council officers regarding the environmental impacts of a proposed development.

As an endangered ecological community listed under the TSC Act and the EPBC Act, ESBS must be considered in statutory environmental impact assessment processes. It is likely that a number of development proposals will need to take ESBS into consideration. Restrictions or conditions on development in areas containing ESBS may reduce the development potential of some sites, and therefore result in large financial losses. The value of such losses is difficult to estimate, due to the number of sites where the community occurs. Actions involving on-ground management programs and the long-term monitoring of sites will also have economic consequences for land managers. These costs will be minimised by seeking funding from external sources and by adopting a co-operative approach to management, which involves the DEC, other relevant landholders and the community.

11 Implementation

11.1 Implementation costs

The total cost to implement this plan is estimated to be $98,000 over 5 years with $90,000 provided as in-kind and $8,000 as cash contributions. This amount does not include site management costs, as these will be determined through the development of plans of management for ESBS remnants. Appendix 2 details the cost and identifies the parties responsible for the implementation of specific recovery actions.

12 Preparation details

This recovery plan was prepared by Philip Glass and Robert Humphries of the DEC’s Threatened Species Unit, Metropolitan Region, in consultation with the ESBS Recovery Team.

12.1 Date of last amendment

No amendments have been made to date.

12.2 Review date

The plan will be reviewed and updated five years from the date of publication.



13 Contacts

13.1 Recovery Team

The Threatened Species Recovery Team for ESBS is coordinated by Central Directorate Threatened Species Unit, Department of Environment and Conservation, PO Box 1967, Hurstville, 2220. Telephone (02) 9585 6678.

14 References

Benson, D.H. and Howell, J. (1990a) Taken for granted. The bushland of Sydney and its suburbs. Kangaroo Press, Kenthurst.

Benson, D.H. and Howell, J. (1990b) Sydney’s vegetation 1788-1988: utilisation, degradation and rehabilitation. Proc. Ecolo. Soc. Aust. 16:115-127.

Benson, D, H, and Howell, J. (1994) The natural vegetation of Sydney 1:100 000 map sheet. Cunninghamia 3(4): 679-729.

Benson, D.H., Ondinea, D. and Bear, V. (1999) Missing Jigsaw Pieces – The Bushplants of the Cooks River Valley. Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney.

Bradstock, R.A., Keith, D.A. and Auld, T.D. (1995) Fire and conservation: imperatives and constraints on managing for diversity. In: Conserving biodiversity: threats and solutions. R. A. Bradstock, T.D. Auld, D.A. Keith, R.T. Kingsford, D. Lunney and D.P. Sivertsen (Eds) Surrey Beatty and Sons, Chipping Norton, NSW.

Clark, S.S. and McLoughlin, L.C. (1986) Historical and biological evidence for fire regimes in the Sydney Region Prior to the arrival of Europeans: implications for future bushland management. Aust. Geographer 17:101-112.

Clements, A., Moore, R., Holdway, P., Rodd, T., Rodd, J. and McDonald, A. (2001) Flora assessment: Proposed “Banksia Grove” residential subdivision, Bundock Street, Randwick.

DEC (2003) Threatened Species Information: Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub in the Sydney Basin Bioregion. NSW Department of Environment and Conservation, Hurstville.

DEC (2003) Environmental Impact Assessment Guidelines: Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub in the Sydney Basin Bioregion. NSW Department of Environment and Conservation, Hurstville

Gill, A.M. (1975) Fire and the Australian Flora: a review. Aust. For. 38:4-25.

Gill, A.M. and Bradstock, R. (1995) Extinction of biota by fires. In R.A. Bradstock, T.D. Auld, D.A. Keith, R.T. Kingsford, D. Lunney and D.P. Sivertsen (eds.) Conserving biodiversity: threats

and solutions. Surrey Beatty and Sons, Chipping Norton, NSW.

Lesak, J. (2000) Honours Thesis: Effect of smoke water on a soil seedbank: Is glasshouse germination a valid test of field response? The University of New South Wales.

Mather and Associates Pty Ltd and Ian Perkins Consultancy Services (1999) Bushland Restoration and Management Plan, for the redevelopment of the Intermodal Freight Terminal and Operational Sidings Muir Road, Chullora. Prepared for National Rail Corporation Ltd.

McDonald, T. (1994) Case study: bushland restoration burns. In C. Brown and L. Tohver (eds.) Bushfire! Looking to the future. Nature Conservation Council, Envirobook Publishing, Sydney.

NSW Scientific Committee (1999) Final determination to list Infection by Phytophthora cinnamomi as a key threatening process. NSW Scientific Committee, Hurstville.

NSW Scientific Committee (2002) Final determination to list Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub in the Sydney Basin Bioregion as an endangered ecological community. NSW Scientific Committee, Hurstville.

Perkins, I. P. (2003) Rehabilitation: An overview. In Plant Conservation: approaches and techniques from an Australian perspective. Brown, C. L., Hall, F., & Mill, J. (Eds) Australian Network for Plant Conservation, Canberra.

Purdie, R. W. (1977) Early stages of regeneration after burning in dry sclerophyll vegetation. II Regeneration by seed germination. Aust. J. Bot. 25:35-46.

Roy, P.S. (1983) Quaternary geology. N Herbert C. (ed) Map accompanying Herbert C. (1983) Geology of the Sydney 1:100,000 Sheet 9130. Geological Survey of NSW, Sydney.

Yates, C.J. and Hobbs, R.H. (1997) Temperate Eucalypt woodlands: A review of their status, processes affecting their persistence and techniques for restoration. Aust. J. Bot. 45: 949-973.


Recovery Plan for Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub: Appendix 1

Appendix 1: Community Profile and Environmental Impact Assessment Guidelines

THREATENED SPECIES INFORMATION

Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub in the Sydney Basin Bioregion Conservation Status Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub in the Sydney Basin Bioregion (ESBS) is listed on Schedule 1 Part 3 of the NSW Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995 and the Commonwealth Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 as an endangered ecological community.

ESBS at Jennifer St. La Perouse. Photo-PH Glass.

Distribution Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub once occupied around 5,300 hectares of land between North Head and Botany Bay. Today, less than 3% of the original distribution of this community remains in a number of isolated remnants, ranging in size from 0.06 to 69 hectares. Surviving stands of ESBS (totalling approximately 146 hectares) have been recorded from the local government areas of Botany, Randwick, Waverley, and Manly. ESBS is one of the most critically endangered communities in NSW.

Habitat ESBS once grew extensively over the aeolian dune sands that overlay the Hawkesbury Sandstone of Sydney’s Eastern Suburbs (Benson & Howell 1990a). On North Head, ESBS occurs on a sand sheet of similar age and composition to that which ESBS occurs on south of the harbour (NSW Scientific Committee 2002).

Description ESBS generally forms a sclerophyllous heath or scrub community. Some remnants contain small patches of woodland, low forest or limited wetter areas, depending on site topography and hydrology. Common species of ESBS include

Banksia aemula, B. ericifolia, B. serrata, Eriostemon australasius, Lepidosperma laterale, Leptospermum laevigatum, Monotoca elliptica and Xanthorrhoea resinifera (NSW Scientific Committee 2002; Benson & Howell 1990a, 1990b, and 1994).

The ESBS community is similar to the more widespread coastal heath vegetation of the eastern seaboard but can be distinguished using the following characteristics. ESBS occurs on disjunct patches of nutrient poor aeolian (wind blown) dune sand. Coastal heath occurs on soils derived from sandstone, Holocene marine sands (Benson & Howell 1994) or on aeolian sands of younger age than those of ESBS (NSW Scientific Committee 2002). Coastal heath is also characteristically much lower than ESBS and, although sharing many species with ESBS, characteristically contains maritime elements such as Baeckea imbricata, Correa alba and Westringia fruticosa (Benson & Howell 1990a; NSW Scientific Committee 2002).

Ecology The floristic composition and structural diversity of ESBS is influenced by the size and disturbance history of the remnant (Benson & Howell 1990a; NSW Scientific Committee 2002). A soil seed bank for ESBS exists and the community has been observed to regenerate naturally on cleared sand where the soil profile remains intact (Lesak 2000; Clements et al 2001).

Field observations indicate that after a prolonged period (>15 years) without fire or similar disturbance, the floristic composition and vegetation structure of ESBS becomes simplified with a few species dominating the standing vegetation (P. Ibbetson, DEC, pers. comm.).

Threats A major threat to ESBS is the loss and fragmentation of habitat through clearing and development. Less than 3% (146 ha) of the original distribution (5,300 ha) of ESBS exists and the remaining stands are small and fragmented.

The fragmentation of ecological communities has many potential consequences for ecological processes including the following:

November 2003

• A reduction in species diversity; • An increased susceptibility to degradation

through increased edge-to-area ratios; • A reduction in population size, which in turn

can increase the probability of extinction; • Changes in the fluxes of radiation, wind,

water and nutrients across the landscape; • An increased abundance of defoliating insects

resulting in canopy decline and tree dieback; • The genetic isolation of populations which

may result in the loss of genetic diversity and species fitness; and

• A reduction in seed set resulting from the reduced abundance of pollinating agents (Yates and Hobbs 1997).

Most ESBS remnants are exposed to a number of potentially degrading processes including:

• Altered nutrient status; • Altered hydrological regimes; • Over shading; • Mowing, slashing and the inappropriate use of

herbicide; • Invasion by weed species (particularly Bitou

Bush, Lantana and African Love Grass); • Inappropriate fire regimes; • Grazing and trampling by horses and rabbits; • Infection of native plants by Phytophthora

cinnamomi; • Erosion and/or physical damage from surface

water run-off, bicycles, motor vehicles, horses, rabbits and excessive pedestrian use;

• Inappropriate plantings in and around remnants;

• Seed and wildflower collection; • Factors affecting pollination and seed

dispersal processes; and • Dumping of rubbish including fill material

and green waste.

Recorded occurrences in conservation reserves

Only 33 hectares of ESBS (0.6% of the original estimated distribution of the community) occurs in conservation reserves (Botany Bay National Park, La Perouse and Sydney Harbour National Park, North Head). Accordingly, the community is not considered to be adequately represented in conservation reserves.

Management

Management actions should address site specific threats and may involve fire management, bush regeneration, pest control, fencing, and public education. Management should also aim to increase the security of sites through appropriate protection mechanisms. This may include the preparation of plans of management, entering into voluntary conservation agreements, rezoning for conservation, etc.

Recovery Plan A recovery plan for ESBS was approved in February 2004.

For Further Information contact Threatened Species Unit, Metropolitan Region, Environment Protection and Regulation Division, Department of Environment and Conservation, PO Box 1967, Hurstville NSW 2220 Phone 02 9585 6678 or www.nationalparks.nsw.gov.au

References Benson, D.H. & Howell, J. (1990a) Taken for granted. The bushland of Sydney and its suburbs. Kangaroo Press, Kenthurst. Benson, D.H. & Howell, J. (1990b) Sydney’s vegetation 1788-1988: utilisation, degradation and rehabilitation. Proc. Ecolo. Soc. Aust. 16:115-127. Benson, D, H, and Howell, J. (1994) The natural vegetation of Sydney 1:100 000 map sheet. Cunninghamia 3(4): 679-729. Clements, A., Moore, R., Holdway, P., Rodd, T., Rodd, J. and McDonald, A. (2001) Flora assessment: Proposed “Banksia Grove” residential subdivision, Bundock Street, Randwick. Lesak, J. (2000) Honours Thesis: Effect of smoke water on a soil seedbank: Is glasshouse germination a valid test of field response? The University of New South Wales. NSW Scientific Committee 2002) Final determination to list Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub in the Sydney Basin Bioregion as an endangered ecological community. NSW Scientific Committee, Hurstville. Yates, C.J. & Hobbs, R.H. (1997) Temperate Eucalypt woodlands: a review of their status, processes affecting their persistence and techniques for restoration. Aust. J. Bot. 45: 949-973.

IMPORTANT DISCLAIMER The NSW Department of Environment and Conservation and the editor expressly disclaim all liability and responsibility to any person, whether a purchaser or reader of this document or not, in respect of anything done or omitted to be done by any person in reliance upon the contents of this document although every effort has been made to ensure that the information presented in this document is accurate and up to date.

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT GUIDELINES

November 2003

Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub in the Sydney Basin Bioregion The following information is provided to assist authors of Species Impact Statements, development and activity proponents, and determining and consent authorities, who are required to prepare or review assessments of likely impacts on threatened species pursuant to the provisions of the Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979. These guidelines should be read in conjunction with the NPWS Information Circular No. 2: Threatened Species Assessment under the EP&A Act: The ‘8 Part Test’ of Significance (November 1996) and with the accompanying species profile. Proponents, consent and determining authorities should note that a recovery plan for the Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub has been prepared and a critical habitat recommendation is in preparation. The recovery plan requires that any developments or activities be assessed in accordance with the recovery plan and these environmental impact assessment guidelines. Development proposals must asses direct and indirect impacts on the community.

Survey

Surveys of Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub (ESBS) can be conducted at any time of year. If surveys are undertaken in spring, when more species are in flower, they are likely to provide a more accurate representation of the diversity of species at a site and so may provide a better indication of the quality and relative significance of a remnant (depending on recent disturbance history). Survey should also include assessment of the soil seed bank. Some species may only be represented as seeds and not as above ground vegetation.

Threatening processes The following key threatening processes listed on Schedule 3 of the TSC Act are potentially relevant to ESBS:

• Clearing of native vegetation; • Invasion of native plant communities by

Chrysanthemoides monilifera; • High frequency fire resulting in the disruption

of life cycle processes in plants and animals

and loss of vegetation structure and composition;

• Infection of native plants by Phytophthora cinnamomi;

• Competition and grazing by the feral European Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus(L.);

• Invasion of native plant communities by exotic perennial grasses; and

• Anthropogenic climate change. Clearing of native vegetation is listed as a key threatening process and is a major threat to ESBS. Past and present clearing of ESBS is the primary cause of its endangered status. The clearing of native vegetation adjacent to ESBS stands may also impact upon the community indirectly. Invasion of native plant communities by Chrysanthemoides monilifera is listed as a key threatening process. C. monilifera is a South African species of which two subspecies occur in Australia; ssp. monilifera (Boneseed), and ssp. rotundata (Bitou Bush). Both subspecies can invade and displace native plant communities due to their vigorous growth, prolific seed production and effective seed dispersal (NSW Scientific Committee 1999). Several ESBS remnants suffer from high levels of Bitou Bush infestation.

High frequency fire has the potential to disrupt life cycle processes in native vegetation. Some ESBS remnants have been subject to frequent burning in the past, mostly from illegally lit fires. The re-instatement of appropriate fire regimes (where possible) should be a priority when developing management strategies for sites that contain ESBS.

ESBS is likely to be susceptible to infection by Phytophthora cinnamomi either through the direct infection and death of plants, or through habitat degradation and a resultant loss of habitat complexity. Grazing by feral rabbits and competition by exotic perennial grasses (particularly Eragrostis curvula) are also recorded as threats at a number of ESBS remnants.

A significant area of habitat It should be noted that all ESBS remnants are small (typically 0.06 to 1 ha), isolated and degraded to some extent. Given that less than 3%

of the original distribution of ESBS remains (146 ha), all remnants should be considered to be significant.

Isolation/fragmentation Isolation and fragmentation are significant issues for ESBS, as a majority of the remnants are small (≤1.0ha) and isolated. Some ESBS remnants occur as retained vegetation in golf courses, and in median strips.

Regional distribution of the habitat The distribution of ESBS is confined to the Sydney Basin Bioregion and surviving remnants are restricted to the Eastern Suburbs of Sydney and North Head.

Limit of known distribution The known northern, southern, eastern and western limits of the endangered community are

at Manly, La Perouse, Malabar and Botany Bay respectively.

Adequacy of representation in conservation reserves or other similar protected areas Approximately 33 hectares of ESBS occurs in Botany Bay National Park and Sydney Harbour National Park. Some sites also occur in council reserves. However, it is considered that this in itself does not ensure the survival of the community (NSW Scientific Committee 2002).

Critical habitat To date critical habitat has not been declared for this community under the TSC Act. The DEC will prepare a Recommendation for the Identification of Critical Habitat for ESBS.

For further information contact: Threatened Species Unit, Metropolitan Region, Environment Protection and Regulation Division, Department of Environment and Conservation, PO Box 1967, Hurstville NSW 2220 Phone 02 9585 6678 or www.nationalparks.nsw.gov.au

REFERENCES

NSW Scientific Committee (1999) Final determination to list invasion by Bitou Bush as a Key Threatening Process. NSW Scientific Committee, Hurstville. NSW Scientific Committee (2002) Final determination to list Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub in the Sydney Basin Bioregion as an endangered ecological community. NSW Scientific Committee, Hurstville.

IMPORTANT DISCLAIMER The NSW Department of Environment and Conservation and the editor expressly disclaim all liability and responsibility to any person, whether a purchaser or reader of this document or not, in respect of anything done or omitted to be done by any person in reliance upon the contents of this document although every effort has been made to ensure that the information presented in this document is accurate and up to date.


Appendix 2: Recovery Plan Cost Schedule Format Costing Table. Estimated costs of implementing the actions identified in the ESBS Recovery Plan are provided below. Action No. Action Title Priority Estimated Cost/yr Total Cost Responsible

party/funding source

In-Kind Cash

Year 1 Year2 Year3 Year 4 Year 5 9.1.1,9.1.2 & 9.1.3

Survey and mapping 1 12,000 3,500 3,500 1,750 1,750 22,500 DEC 17,500 5,000

9.2.1 Critical habitat 1 6,250 6,250 DEC 5,250 1,000 9.2.2,9.2.5 9.2.6 & 9.2.7

Liaison with agencies 1 3,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 13,500 DEC 13,500

9.3.1 Best Practice Mgt. Guidelines 2 5,000 5,000 DEC 5,000 9.3.2 Prioritise sites 2 3,500 3,500 DEC & landholder/

manager 3,500

9.3.3 Site management plans development and implementation

1 * * * * * * DEC, Crown Land/VCL licensee, Randwick Council, SWC, CP&MPT, Energy Australia, DOD, Landcom, DE&T.

9.4.1 Council bush regeneration coord. 2 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 12,500 Randwick Council 12,500 9.4.4 Educational signage 2 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 12,500 DEC 12,500 9.4.2 & 9.4.3 Educational leaflet development and

distribution 2 3,000 3,000 2,500 2,500 2,500 13,500 DEC 8,500 2,000

Randwick Council 1,000 Waverley Council 1,000 Botany Council 1,000 9.5.1 Coordinate research 1 1,750 1,750 1,750 1,750 1,750 8,750 DEC 8,750

TOTAL 40,000 15,750 15,250 13,500 13,500 98,000 90,000 8,000

Priority ratings are: 1 – Action critical to meeting plan objectives, 2 – Action contributing to meeting plan objectives, 3 – Desirable but not essential action ‘In-kind’ funds represent the salary component of permanent staff and current resources * amount to be determined by responsible agency DEC = Dept of Environment and Conservation, SWC = Sydney Water Corporation, CP&MPT = Centennial Park & Moore Park Trust, DOD = Dept of Defence, DE&T = Dept of Education and Training


Appendix 3: Site details This section provides lists of the flora species recorded at each known ESBS site (see table below) and identifies some of the major management issues at these sites. In the following lists:

• the species marked in the ‘ESBS species’ column are species that are identified in the NSW Scientific Committee’s final determination as being part of the characteristic assemblage of vascular plants of ESBS;

• the species marked in the ‘Dry ESBS’ column are species found in dry areas; • the species marked in the ‘Moist ESBS’ column are species found in wet areas on deep sand; and • the species marked in the ‘Transition zone’ column are species found primarily in the transition zones

between deep sands and sandstone outcrops. The nomenclature used follows Harden, G.J. (ed) (1990-1993) Flora of New South Wales. Vol. 1-4 (New South Wales University Press, Sydney). Please note that the species lists contained in this Appendix are not definitive and additional flora species may be present at some sites.

Site Name Relevant map in Appendix 4 Anzac Parade, Malabar Malabar Headland West Arthur Byrne Reserve, Maroubra Malabar Headland West Australian Golf Course, Kensington Australian Golf Course Banksmeadow Primary School, Banksmeadow Banksmeadow Bonnie Doon Golf Course, Pagewood (includes Mutch Park) Bonnie Doon Golf Course Botany Bay NP, La Perouse & Little Bay La Perouse East & Jennifer St Bunnerong Rd, Chifley Bunnerong Rd, Chifley Bunnerong Substation, Matraville Bunnerong Substation Centennial Park Centennial Park North & South Eastlake Golf Course, Eastlakes Botany Wetlands 1, 2 & 3 Jennifer St (ALC Land), Little Bay Jennifer St Jennifer St (Telstra Land), Little Bay Jennifer St Malabar Headland East, Malabar Malabar Headland East Malabar Headland West, Malabar Malabar Headland West Maroubra Reservoir, Maroubra Maroubra Reservoir North Head, Manly North Head NSW Golf Course, La Perouse La Perouse East Pioneers Park, Malabar Malabar Headland West Prince Henry Hospital, Little Bay Little Bay North Randwick Environmental Park, Kingsford Randwick Environmental Park St Michael's Golf Course, Little Bay Little Bay South & La Perouse East The Lakes Golf Course, Eastlakes Botany Wetlands 1, 2 & 3 Wassell St, Matraville Bunnerong Rd, Chifley York Rd, Bondi Junction York Rd


Anzac Parade, Malabar Site surveyed by the NPWS on 27/8/00. 14 species of native plants were noted within ESBS vegetation including 11 characteristic ESBS species. Management issues Weed control Fire management Mowing and other ‘tidying’ activities by Council Litter & rubbish dumping Access Erosion control Main weed species noted Stenatopharum secundatum (Buffalo Grass) Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata (Bitou Bush) Eragrostis curvula (African Lovegrass) Coreopsis lanceolata (Coreopsis) Lantana camara (Lantana) Sundry other species Class Filicopsida Family Botanical Name ESBS

species Dry

ESBS Dennstaedtiaceae Pteridium esculentum X X Class Magnoliopsida Sub-Class Magnoliidae Family Botanical Name ESBS

species Dry

ESBS Epacridaceae Monotoca elliptica X X Fabaceae Acacia sophorae X X - Mimosoideae Acacia suaveolens X X Fabaceae Bossiaea heterophylla X X - Faboideae Dillwynia retorta X X Myrtaceae Leptospermum laevigatum X X Proteaceae Lambertia formosa X X Sub-Class Liliidae Cyperaceae Lepidosperma laterale X X Lomandraceae Lomandra glauca X Lomandra longifolia X X Lomandra sp. X Poaceae Eragrostis brownii X X Imperata cylindrica X Restionaceae Hypolaena fastigiata X X


Arthur Byrne Reserve, Malabar Site surveyed by the NPWS on 26/8/00. 28 species of native plants were noted within ESBS vegetation including 19 characteristic ESBS species. Management Issues Weed control Fire management Access Fox/rabbit control Erosion control Stormwater run-off Main weed species noted Cynodon dactylon (Couch) Class Magnoliopsida Sub-Class Magnoliidae Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Aizoaceae Carpobrotus glaucescens X Casuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X X Dilleniaceae Hibbertia scandens X Epacridaceae Brachyloma daphnoides X X Leucopogon ericoides X X Monotoca elliptica X X Woollsia pungens X X Fabaceae Acacia sophorae X X - Mimosoideae Acacia myrtifolia X Acacia suaveolens X X Acacia ulicifolia X X Fabaceae – Faboideae Dillwynia retorta X Haloragaceae Gonocarpus teucroides X X Myrtaceae Leptospermum laevigatum X X Proteaceae Lambertia formosa X X Rubiaceae Pomax umbellata X X Thymelaeaceae Pimelea linifolia X Sub-Class Liliidae Commelinaceae Commelina cyanea X Cyperaceae Isolepis nodosus X Lepidosperma laterale X X Liliaceae Dianella congesta X X Dianella revoluta X X Lomandraceae Lomandra glauca X Lomandra longifolia X X Poaceae Eragrostis brownii X X Imperata cylindrica X Restionaceae Hypolaena fastigiata X X Xanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea sp. X X


Australian Golf Course, Kensington Site surveyed by the NPWS on 27/2/2001. 16 species of native plants were noted within ESBS vegetation including 12 characteristic ESBS species. The remnant has a small section immediately north of the access road and a larger section along the ridge top to the south of the access road. Management Issues Weed control Fire management Access Rabbit control Main weed species noted Eragrostis curvula (African Lovegrass) Erythrina x sykesii (Coral Tree) Acacia saligna Pinus radiata Other plantings of on-indigenous species

South section Class Filicopsida Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry


Species Dry

ESBS Epacridaceae Brachyloma daphnoides X X Monotoca elliptica X X Fabaceae Acacia suaveolens X X - Mimosoideae Myrtaceae Leptospermum laevigatum X X Proteaceae Banksia aemula X X Kunzea ambigua X X Lambertia formosa X X Xylomelum pyriforme X Sub-Class Liliidae Cyperaceae Lepidosperma laterale X X Lomandraceae Lomandra glauca X Poaceae Aristida racemosa X Eragrostis brownii X X Microlaena stipoides X Restionaceae Hypolaena fastigiata X X Xanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea sp. X X

North section Class Magnoliopsida Sub-Class Magnoliidae Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Epacridaceae Brachyloma daphnoides X X Proteaceae Banksia aemula X X Xylomelum pyriforme X Sub-Class Liliidae Xanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea sp. X X


Banksmeadow Primary School, Banksmeadow Site surveyed by the NPWS on 27/2/01. 15 species of native plants were noted within ESBS vegetation including 7 characteristic ESBS species. Management Issues Weed control Fire management Erosion control Rubbish dumping Main weed species noted Grasses including Cynodon dactylon (Couch) Lantana camara (Lantana) Opuntia sp. (Prickly Pear) Acetosa saggitata (Rumex, Turkey Rhubarb) Class Filicopsida Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Dennstaedtiaceae Pteridium esculentum X X Class Magnoliopsida Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Sub-Class Magnoliidae Campanulaceae Wahlenbergia gracilis X Epacridaceae Brachyloma daphnoides X X Leucopogon virgatus X Fabaceae – Mimosoideae

Acacia sophorae X X

Myrtaceae Leptospermum trinervium X X Thymelaeaceae Pimelea linifolia X X Violaceae Hybanthus monopetalus X Sub-Class Liliidae Commelinaceae Commelina cyanea X Cyperaceae Isolepis nodosa X Lepidosperma laterale X X Lomandraceae Lomandra glauca X Poaceae Danthonia sp. X Microlaena stipoides X Xanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea sp. X X This site has been surveyed previously and the species found previous surveys that were not noted on 27/02/01 are listed below. 4 of these 6 species are characteristic of ESBS. “Report on Banksmeadow Heath” prepared by Doug Benson (Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney). Surveyed 31/10/89. Acacia suaveolens Haemodorum planifolium Hibbertia fascicularis Monotoca elliptica Opercularia aspera “Restoration of Native Vegetation at Banksmeadow Public School” prepared by Danie Ondinea (National Trust of Australia (NSW)). Surveyed 8/96. Cheilanthes sieberi Haemodorum planifolium


Bonnie Doon Golf Course, Pagewood Site surveyed by D. Hirschfeld in May 1997. 42 species of native plants were noted within ESBS vegetation including 31 species that are characteristic of ESBS. Management Issues Weed control Fire management Fill/water/nutrients from tees and greens Fox/rabbit control Mowing/slashing Erosion control Inappropriate mulching and planting Dumping of green waste Access Main weed species noted Eragrostis curvula (African Love Grass) Lantana camara (Lantana) Acetosa saggitata (Rumex, Turkey Rhubarb) Class Magnoliopsida Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Sub-Class Magnoliidae Apiaceae Platysace ericoides X Campanulaceae Wahlenbergia gracilis X Casuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X X Dilleniaceae Hibbertia fasciculata X X Hibbertia linearis X Epacridaceae Astroloma pinifolium X X Brachyloma daphnoides X X Leucopogon ericoides X X Monotoca elliptica X X Woollsia pungens X X Euphorbiaceae Ricinocarpos pinifolius X X Fabaceae Acacia sophorae X X - Mimosoideae Acacia suaveolens X X Acacia ulicifolia X X Fabaceae Bossiaeae heterophylla X X - Faboideae Bossiaeae scolopendria X X Dillwynia glaberrima X Myrtaceae Angophora costata X Corymbia gummifera X X Leptospermum laevigtaum X X Leptospermum trinervium X Melaleuca nodosa X X Pittosporaceae Pittosporum undulatum X Proteaceae Banksia aemula X X Banksia paludosa X Lambertia formosa X X Persoonia lanceolata X X Petrophile pulchella X Rubiaceae Pomax umbellata X X Rutaceae Eriostemon australasius X X Thymelaeaceae Pimelea linifolia X X


Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Sub-Class Liliidae Cyperaceae Caustis pentandra X X Lepidosperma laterale X X Schoenus ericetorum X X Haemadoraceae Haemodorum planifolium X X Lomandraceae Lomandra glauca X Lomandra longifolia X X Poaceae Dichelachne crinita X X Eragrostis brownii X X Themeda australis X Restionaceae Hypolaena fastigiata X X Xanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea resinifera X X


Botany Bay (North) National Park Site surveyed by the NPWS between March 1998 and May 2001. 150 species of native plants were noted within ESBS vegetation including 57 characteristic ESBS species. Management issues Weed control Fire management Possible soil contamination and disturbance from past building construction and Golf Course activities up-slope Inappropriate access and mulch placement Dumping of rubbish (past and continuing) Dog/fox/rabbit control Erosion by wind (and water on steeper slopes) Main weed species noted Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata (Bitou Bush) Eragrostis curvula (African Love Grass) Cynodon dactylon (Couch) Lantana camara (Lantana) Ehrharta erecta (Ehrharta) Acetosa saggitata (Turkey Rhubarb) Stenotaphrum secundatum (Buffalo Grass) Pelargonium capitatum (Pelargonium) Rhynchelytrum repens (Red Natal Grass) Class Lycopsida Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Lycopodiaceae Selaginella uliginosa X Class Filicopsida Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Dennstaedtiaceae Histiopteris incisa X Pteridium esculentum X X Hypolepis muelleri X Dicksoniaceae Calochaena dubia X Gleicheniaceae Gleichenia dicarpa X Lindsaeaceae Lindsaea linearis X Schizaeaceae Cheilanthes sieberi X Schizaea bifida X Class Cycadopsida Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Zamiaceae Macrozamia communis X Class Magnoliopsida Sub-Class Magnoliidae Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Apiaceae Actinotus helianthi X X Actinotus minor X X X Centella asiatica X Xanthosia pilosa X X Platysace ericoides X Platysace stephensonii* X


Family Botanical Name ESBS Dry

Species ESBS Moist ESBS

Apocynaceae Parsonsia straminea X Asteraceae Epaltes australis X Blandfordiaceae Blandfordia nobilis X Campanulaceae Wahlenbergia gracilis X Cassythaceae Cassytha pubescens X Casuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X X Allocasuarina littoralis X Dilleniaceae Hibbertia fasciculata X X Hibbertia linearis X Hibbertia scandens X Droseraceae Drosera sp. X Elaeocarpaceae Elaeocarpus reticulatus X Epacridaceae Astroloma pinifolium X X Brachyloma daphnoides X Epacris longiflora X X X Epacris microphylla X X X Epacris obtusifolia X X Leucopogon ericoides X X Monotoca elliptica X X Styphelia viridis X X Woollsia pungens X X Euphorbiaceae Amperea xiphoclada X Breynia oblongifolia X Poranthera corymbosa X Ricinocarpus pinifolius X X Fabaceae Acacia myrtifolia X X - Mimosoideae Acacia sophorae X X Acacia suaveolens X X Acacia terminalis X X Acacia ulicifolia X X Fabaceae Aotus ericoides X - Faboideae Bossiaea heterophylla X X Bossiaea scolopendria X X Dillwynia glaberrima X Dillwynia retorta X X Hardenbergia violacea X X Hovea linearis X Viminaria juncea X Geraniaceae Pelagonium australe X Goodeniaceae Dampiera stricta X Goodenia lanceolata X Goodenia paniculata X Haloragaceae Gonocarpus micranthus X Gonocarpus teucroides X X Loganiaceae Mitrasacme polymorpha X Myrtaceae Angophora costata X Baeckea imbricata X X Callistemon citrinus X Callistemon linearis X Callistemon rigidus X Calytrix tetragona X



Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Myrtaceae Corymbia gummifera X X Darwinia fascicularis X X Eucalyptus robusta X Kunzea ambigua X X Leptospermum arachnoides X Leptospermum juniperinum X Leptospermum laevigatum X X Leptospermum squarrosum X Leptospermum trinervium X X Melaleuca armillaris X Melaleuca nodosa X X X Melaleuca squamea X X Micromyrtus ciliata X Oleaceae Notelaea sp. X Pittosporaceae Billardiera scandens X X Pittosporum revolutum X Polygalaceae Comesperma ericinum X Proteaceae Banksia aemula X X Banksia ericifolia X X Banksia integrifolia X X Banksia oblongifolia X X Banksia robur X Banksia serrata X X Conospermum taxifolium X X Hakea dactyloides X Hakea gibbosa X Hakea teretifolia X X Isopogon anemonifolius X Kunzea ambigua X X Lambertia formosa X X Lomatia silaifolia X Persoonia lanceolata X X Petrophile pulchella X Xylomelum pyriforme X Rubiaceae Opercularia aspera X Pomax umbellata X X Rutaceae Boronia rigens X Correa reflexa X Eriostemon australasius X X Eriostemon buxifolius X Philotheca salsolifolia X X Zieria laevigata X Zieria pilosa X Smilacaceae Smilax glyciphylla X Stackhousiaceae Stackhousia viminea X Thymelaeaceae Pimelea linifolia X X Verbenaceae Chloanthes stoechadis X Violcaeae Hybanthus monopetalus X Sub-Class Liliidae Commelinaceae Commelina cyanea X



Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Cyperaceae Baumea juncea X Caustis pentandra X X Chorizandra cymbaria X Cyathochaeta diandra X X Gymnoschoenus

Sphaerocephalus X

Isolepis nodosa X Lepidosperma laterale X X Schoenus brevifolius X Schoenus ericetorum X Haemodoraceae Haemodorum planifolium X X Juncaceae Juncus pallidus X Liliaceae Dianella caerulea X Dianella congesta X Dianella revoluta X X Lomandraceae Lomandra glauca X Lomandra longifolia X X Lomandra obliqua X Orchidaceae Cryptostylis erecta X Poaceae Aristida ramosa X Dichelachne crinita X X Entolasia marginata X Eragrostis brownii X X Imperata cylindrica X Microlaena stipoides X Paspalidium distans X Stipa mollis X Themeda australis X Restionaceae Empodisma minus X Hypolaena fastigiata X X Leptocarpus tenax X X X Restio fastigiatus X X Restio planifolius X Xanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea resinifera X X Xyridaceae Xyris complanatus X Xyris gracilis X *ROTAP listed threatened species, Category 3RC-.


Bunnerong Road, Chifley

Site surveyed by the NPWS between August 2000 and May 2002. 29 native species were noted within ESBS vegetation including 22 characteristic ESBS species. Management Issues Weed control Fire management Direct damage by locals cutting and clearing the remnant bush Fox/rabbit control Dumping of rubbish Possible soil disturbance from construction, dumping and levelling of the surrounding area Erosion Access Main weed species noted Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata (Bitou Bush) Eragrostis curvula (African Love Grass) Cynodon dactylon (Couch) Lantana camara (Lantana) Ehrharta erecta (Ehrharta) Acetosa saggitata (Rumex, Turkey Rhubarb) Class Magnoliopsida Sub-Class Magnoliidae Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Cassytheaceae Cassytha sp. X Casuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X X Cunoniaceae Ceratopetalum gummiferum X Epacridaceae Brachyloma daphnoides X X Monotoca elliptica X X Euphorbiaceae Glochidion ferdinandi X Fabaceae Acacia sophorae X X - Mimosoideae Acacia suaveolens X X Fabaceae Bossiaea heterophylla X X - Faboideae Dillwynia retorta X X Myrtaceae Corymbia gummifera X X Leptospermum laevigatum X X Kunzea ambigua X X Melaleuca nodosa X X Pittosporaceae Pittosporum undulatum X Proteaceae Banksia aemula X X Hakea dactyloides X Hakea teretifolia X X Lambertia formosa X X Persoonia lanceolata X X Rubiaceae Pomax umbellata X Rutaceae Eriostemon australasius X X Sub-Class Liliidae Commelinaceae Commelina cyanea X Cyperaceae Lepidosperma laterale X X Phormiaceae Dianella revoluta X X Poaceae Eragrostis brownii X X Imperata cylindrica X Restionaceae Hypolaena fastigiata X X Xanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea sp. X X


Bunnerong Substation, Matraville Site surveyed by the NPWS on 28/2/01. 42 species of native plants were noted within ESBS vegetation including 27 characteristic ESBS species. Management Issues Weed control Fire management Fox/rabbit control Clearing under power lines and along fencelines Possible soil contamination from dumping of fill for construction at the high point Inappropriate plantings Erosion control Main weed species noted Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata (Bitou Bush) Eragrostis curvula (African Love Grass) Lantana camara (Lantana) Rhynchelytrum repens (Red Natal Grass) Chloris gayana (Rhodes Grass) Class Filicopsida Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Dennstaedtiaceae Pteridium esculentum X X

Class Magnoliopsida Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Sub-Class Magnoliidae Campanulaceae Wahlenbergia gracilis X Cassythaceae Cassytha sp. X Casuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X X Cunoniaceae Ceratopetalum gummiferum X Cheilanthaceae Cheilanthus sieberi X Dilleniaceae Hibbertia obtusifolia X Hibbertia scandens X Epacridaceae Astroloma pinifolium X X Leucopogon ericoides X X Monotoca elliptica X X Euphorbiaceae Breynia oblongifolia X Ricinocarpus pinifolius X X Fabaceae Acacia sophorae X X - Mimosoideae Acacia suaveolens X X Acacia terminalis subsp. angustifolia X X Acacia ulicifolia X X Fabaceae Aotus ericoides X - Faboideae Bossiaea heterophylla X X Dillwynia retorta X X Hardenbergia violacea X X Halagoraceae Gonocarpus teucroides X X Myrtaceae Angophora costata X Leptospermum laevigatum X X Pittosporaceae Billardieria scandens X X Pittosporum undulatum X



Species Dry

ESBS Proteaceae Banksia aemula X X Banksia integrifolia X X Persoonia lanceolata X X Rubiaceae Pomax umbellata X X Thymelaeaceae Pimelea linifolia X X Violaceae Hybanthus monopetalus X Cyperaceae Isolepis nodosa X Lepidosperma laterale X X Lomandraceae Lomandra longifolia X Phormiaceae Dianella revoluta X X Poaceae Dichelachne crinita X X Eragrostis brownii X X Imperata cylindrica X Microlaena stipoides X Themeda australis X Xanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea resinifera X X


Centennial Park

Site surveyed by the NPWS on 31/8/00. 21 species of native plant were noted within ESBS vegetation including 17 characteristic ESBS species. Management Issues Weed control Fire management Access Dog/rabbit control Erosion along informal path/bike tracks Mowing Overshading by Radiata Pine Inappropriate plantings including Grevillea cultivars, Callistemon sp., Acacia falcata, Angophora hispida, Dodonea triquetra, Doryanthes excelsa and Platycerium bifurcata Main weed species noted Lantana camara (Lantana) Ehrharta erecta (Ehrharta) Stenotaphrum secundatum (Buffalo Grass) Cynodon dactylon (Couch) Rhynchelytrum repens (Red Natal Grass) Eragrostis curvula (African Love Grass) Protasparagus plumosus (Climbing Asparagus Fern) Araucaria cunninghamii (Hoop Pine) Pennisetum clandestinum (Kikuyu) Phoenix canariensis (Phoenix Palm) Salpichroa origanifolia (Pampas Lily-of-the-Valley) Class Magnoliopsida Sub-Class Magnoliidae Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Transition

zones Epacridaceae Brachyloma daphnoides X X Monotoca elliptica X X Fabaceae Acacia sophorae X X - Mimosoideae Moraceae Ficus rubiginosa X Myrtaceae Kunzea ambigua X X Leptospermum laevigatum X X Melaleuca nodosa X X Pittosporaceae Pittosporum undulatum X Proteaceae Banksia aemula X X Banksia integrifolia X X Banksia serrata X X Lambertia formosa X X Rubiaceae Pomax umbellata X X Sub-Class Liliidae Cyperaceae Lepidosperma laterale X X Liliaceae Dianella revlouta X X Lomandraceae Lomandra longifolia X X Poaceae Dichelachne crinita X X Entolasia marginata X Eragrostis brownii X X Microlaena stipoides X Xanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea resinifera X X


Eastlake Golf Course, Eastlakes Site surveyed by D. Hirschfeld in May 1997. 66 species of native plants were noted within ESBS vegetation including 35 characteristic ESBS species. Management Issues Weed control Fire management Fill/water/nutrients from tees and greens Fox/rabbit control Mowing/slashing Erosion control Inappropriate mulching and planting Dumping of green waste and other material Access Main weed species noted Lantana camara (Lantana) Ehrharta erecta (Ehrharta) Cynodon dactylon (Couch) Rhynchelytrum repens (Red Natal Grass) Eragrostis curvula (African Love Grass) Class Filicopsida Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Cheilanthaceae Cheilanthes seiberi X Dennestaediaceae Pteridium esculentum X X Class Magnoliopsida Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Sub-Class Magnoliidae Apiaceae Platysace ericoides X Campanulaceae Wahlenbergia gracilis X Casuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X X Dilleniaceae Hibbertia fascicularis X X Hibbertia linearis X Hibbertia obtusifolia X Epacridaceae Brachyloma daphnoides X X Leucopogon ericoides X X Leucopogon virgatus X X Monotoca elliptica X X Monotoca scoparia X X Woollsia pungens X X Euphorbiaceae Amperea xiphoclada X Ricinocarpos pinifolius X X Fabaceae Acacia sophorae X X - Mimosoideae Acacia suaveolens X X Acacia ulicifolia X X Fabaceae Aotus ericoides X - Faboideae Bossiaeae heterophylla X X Bossiaeae scolopendria X X Dillwynia retorta X X Glycine microphylla X Hovea linearis X Kennedia runbicunda X



Species Dry

ESBS Goodeniaceae Dampiera stricta X Hypericaceae Hypericum gramineum X Myrtaceae Angophora costata X Baeckea ramosissima X Kunzea ambigua X X Leptospermum laevigtaum X X Leptospermum trinervium X Melaleuca nodosa X Melaleuca thymifolia X Proteaceae Banksia aemula X X Banksia integrifolia X X Banksia paludosa X Grevillea sericea X Hakea dactyloides X Lambertia formosa X X Persoonia lanceolata X X Xylomelum pyriforme X Rhaminaceae Cryptandra amara X Rubiaceae Opercularia aspera X Pomax umbellata X X Rutaceae Eriostemon australasius X X Thymelaeaceae Pimelea curviflora X Pimelea linifolia X X Sub-Class Liliidae Cyperaceae Cyathochaeta diandra X X Cyperus polystachyos X Isolepis nodosa X Lepidosperma laterale X X Schoenus ericetorum X X Iridaceae Patersonia sp. X Haemadoraceae Haemodorum planifolium X X Lomandraceae Lomandra cylindrica X Lomandra glauca X Phormiaceae Dianella revoluta X X Poaceae Aristida racemosa X Dichelachne crinita X X Echinopogon caespitosus X Eragrostis brownii X X Imperata cylindrica X Restionaceae Hypolaena fastigiata X X Xanthorrheaceae Xanthorrhoea resinifera X X


Jennifer St (Aboriginal Land Council Land), Little Bay Site surveyed by the NPWS on 20/5/01. 55 species of native plants were noted within ESBS vegetation including 36 characteristic ESBS species. Management Issues Weed control Fire management Dumping of rubbish and cars Access Rabbit control Main weed species noted Lantana camara (Lantana) Eragrostis curvula (African Love Grass) Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata (Bitou Bush) Andropogon virginicus (Whisky Grass) Class Filicopsida Family Botanical Name ESBS

species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Transition zones

Dennstaedtiaceae Pteridium esculentum X X Lindsaeaceae Lindsaea linearis X Class Magnoliopsida Sub-Class Magnoliidae Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Transition zones

Apiaceae Xanthosia pilosa X X Cassythaceae Cassytha sp. X X Casuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X X Allocasuarina littoralis X X Dilleniaceae Hibbertia fasciculata X X Epacridaceae Astroloma pinifolium X X Brachyloma daphnoides X X Epacris microphylla X X X Epacris longiflora X X X Leucopogon ericoides X X Monotoca elliptica X X Styphelia viridis X X Woollsia pungens X X Elaeocarpaceae Elaeocarpus reticulatus X Fabaceae Acacia sophorae X X - Mimosoideae Acacia suaveolens X X Acacia ulicifolia X X Fabaceae Bossiaea heterophylla X X - Faboideae Dillwynia retorta X X Halagoraceae Gonocarpus tetragynus X Gonocarpus teucrioides X X Loganiaceae Mitrasacme polymorpha X Myrtaceae Calytrix tetragona X Darwinia fascicularis X X Leptospermum laevigatum X X Melaleuca nodosa X X Pittosporaceae Billardiera scandens X X



Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Transition zones

Proteaceae Banksia ericifolia X X Conospermum taxifolium X X Hakea gibbosa X Hakea teretifolia X X Kunzea ambigua X X Persoonia lanceolata X X Petrophile pulchella X Rubiaceae Opercularia aspera X Pomax umbellata X X Rutaceae Eriostemon australasius X X Eriostemon buxifolius X Scrophulariaceae Veronica plebeia X Sterculiaceae Lasiopetalum ferrugineum X Sub-Class Liliidae Cyperaceae Baumea sp. X Cyathochaeta diandra X X X Gahnia sieberana X Isolepis nodosa X Lepidosperma laterale X X Haemadoraceae Haemodorum planifolium X X Liliaceae Dianella caerulea X Lomandraceae Lomandra glauca X X Poaceae Eragrostis brownii X X Paspalidium distans X Restionaceae Hypolaena fastigiata X X X X Lepyrodia scariosa X X X Xanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea resinifera X X X The ROTAP listed Platysace stephensonii was noted at the site on 17/5/01 by Kevin Mills (Kevin Mills & Associates Pty Ltd)


Jennifer Street (Telstra Land), La Perouse Site surveyed by the NPWS on 4/7/01. 79 species of native plants were noted within ESBS vegetation including 45 characteristic ESBS species. Management Issues Weed control Fire management Dumping of rubble and rubbish Weed grasses spreading from the lawn areas Clearing under the cables and around fencelines Fox/rabbit control Main weed species noted Lantana camara (Lantana) Pennisetum clandestinum (Kikuyu) Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata (Bitou Bush) Andropogon virginicus (Whisky Grass) Class Psilopsida Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Transition zones

Psilotaceae Psilotum nudum X Class Lycopsida Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Transition zones

Sellaginellaceae Sellaginella uliginosa X Class Filicopsida Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Transition zones

Dennstaedtiaceae Pteridium esculentum X X Lindseaceae Lindsea linearis X Class Magnoliopsida Sub-Class Magnoliidae Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Transition zones

Apiaceae Platysace stephensonii* X Xanthosia pilosa X X Asteraceae Actinotus helianthii X X Cassythaceae Cassytha sp. X Casuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X X Allocasuarina littoralis X Dilleniaceae Hibbertia fasciculata X X Hibbertia scandens X Epacridaceae Astroloma pinifolium X X Brachyloma daphnoides X X Epacris longiflora X X Epacris microphylla X X X Epacris obtusifolia X X Leucopogon ericoides X X Monotoca elliptica X X Styphelia viridis X X Woollsia pungens X X



Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Transition Zones

Fabaceae Acacia sophorae X X - Mimosoideae Acacia suaveolens X X Acacia ulicifolia X X Fabaceae Bossiaea heterophylla X X Bossiaea scolopendria X X - Faboideae Dillwynia retorta X X Gompholobium glabratum X Goodeniaceae Goodenia sp. X Myrtaceae Callistemon citrinus X X Callistemon rigidus X Calytrix tetragona X Corymbia gummifera X X Darwinia fascicularis X X Darwinia leptantha X X Leptospermum arachnoides X Leptospermum laevigatum X X Leptospermum trinervium X X Melaleuca nodosa X X Micromyrtus ciliata X X Oleaceae Notolaea sp. X Pittosporaceae Billardiera scandens X X Proteaceae Banksia ericifolia X X Banksia integrifolia X X Banksia serrata X X Hakea gibbosa X Hakea teretifolia X X X Kunzea ambigua X X Lambertia formosa X X Petrophile pulchella X Persoonia laevis X Persoonia lanceolata X X Rubiaceae Pomax umbellata X X Rutaceae Eriostemon australasius X X Eriostemon buxifolius X Zieria laevigata X Sub-Class Liliidae Cyperaceae Caustis pentandra X X Cyathochaeta diandra X X Lepidosperma laterale X X Schoenus brevifolius X Schoenus ericetorum X X Dasypogonaceae Lomandra glauca X Lomandra longifolia X X Orchidaceae Acianthus fornicatus X Cryptostylis sp. X Phormiaceae Dianella sp. X Dianella revoluta X X Poaceae Aristida racemosa X Entolasia stricta X Eragrostis brownii X X Imperata cylindrica X Paspalidium distans X



Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Transition zones

Poaceae Stipa sp. X Themeda australis X Restionaceae Hypolaena fastigiata X X Leptocarpus tenax X X Restio planifolius X Smilacaceae Smilax glyciphylla X Xanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea sp. X X * ROTAP listed species 3RC-


Malabar Headland East Site surveyed by the NPWS between July 2000 and July 2001. 91 species of native plants were noted within ESBS vegetation including 41 characteristic ESBS species. Management Issues Weed control Fire management Erosion and damage to plants along informal access tracks (trail bikes, horses, pedestrians) Water and wind erosion on steeper slopes Rabbits (erosion and grazing) Horses (spreading weed propagules and nutrients in faeces, erosion of tracks) Dogs and foxes (nutrients in faeces, erosion and threat to fauna) Possible soil contamination and disturbance from past building construction, military and sewage works. Dumping of vehicles and rubbish Main weed species noted Pennisetum clandestinum (Kikuyu) Cynodon dactylon (Couch) Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata (Bitou Bush) Stenotaphrum secundatum (Buffalo Grass) Sporobolus indicus var. capensis (Parramatta Grass) Paspalum dilatatum (Paspalum) Eragrostis curvula (African Lovegrass) Cortaderia selloana (Pampas Grass) Class Lycopsida Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Transition Zones


Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Transition Zones

Dennstaedtiaceae Pteridium esculentum X X Lindsaeaceae Lindsea linearis X Class Magnoliopsida Sub-Class Magnoliidae Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Transition Zones

Aizoaceae Carpobrotus glaucescens X Apiaceae Actinotus helianthii X X Xanthosia pilosa X X Platysace lanceolata X Cassythaceae Cassytha sp. X Casuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X X Dilleniaceae Hibbertia fasciculata X X Hibbertia linearis X Hibbertia scandens X Droseraceae Drosera sp. X Epacridaceae Astroloma humifusum X Astroloma pinifolium X X Brachyloma daphnoides X X Epacris microphylla X X Leucopogon ericoides X X Leucopogon parviflorus X Monotoca elliptica X X


Family Botanical Name ESBS Species

Dry ESBS

Moist ESBS

Transition Zones

Proteaceae Woollsia pungens X X Euphorbiaceae Amperea xiphodada X Phyllanthus hirtellus X Ricinocarpus pinifolius X X Fabaceae Acacia myrtifolia X - Mimosoideae Acacia sophorae X X Acacia suaveolens X X Acacia ulicifolia X X Fabaceae Bossiaea heterophylla X X - Faboideae Bossiaea scolopendria X Dillwynia floribunda X Dillwynia retorta X X Kennedia rubicunda X Goodeniaceae Dampiera stricta X Lamiaceae Westringia fruiticosa X Myrtaceae Angophora costata X Baeckea imbricata X X Callistemon citrinus X Callistemon linearis X Callistemon rigidus X Darwinia fascicularis X X Kunzea ambigua X X Leptospermum arachnoides X Leptospermum juniperinum X Leptospermum laevigatum X X Leptospermum squarrosum X Leptospermum trinervium X X Melaleuca armillaris X Melaleuca ericifolia X Melaleuca nodosa X X Micromyrtus ciliata X Proteaceae Banksia aemula X X Banksia ericifolia X X Banksia integrifolia X X Banksia robur X Banksia serrata X X Conospermum ellipticum X Conospermum taxifolium X X Hakea gibbosa X Hakea teretifolia X X Lambertia formosa X X Persoonia lanceolata X X Rutaceae Correa reflexa X Eriostemon buxifolius X Philotheca salsolifolia X X Sterculiaceae Lasiopetalum ferrugineum

var. ferrugineum X

Thymelaeaceae Pimelea linifolia X X Sub-Class Liliidae Cyperaceae Baumea juncea X Caustis pentandra X X Cyathochaeta diandra X X Gahnia sp. X



Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Transition Zones

Cyperaceae Isolepis nodosa X X Lepidosperma laterale X X Schoenus ericetorum X Juncaceae Juncus krausii X Lomandraceae Lomandra longifolia X X Lomandra glauca X Phormiaceae Dianella revoluta X X Dianella sp. X Thelionema umbellata X Poaceae Entolasia sp. X Eragrostis brownii X X Imperata cylindrica X Paspalidium distans X Themeda australis X Restionaceae Empodisma minus X Hypolaena fastigiata X X Leptocarpus tenax X X Restio fastigiatus X Typhaceae Typha sp. X Xanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea sp. X X


Malabar Headland West Site surveyed by NPWS between July 2000 and July 2001. 116 native plants were noted within ESBS vegetation including 51 characteristic ESBS species. Management Issues Weed control (particularly Bitou Bush) Fire management Erosion and damage to plants along informal access tracks (trail bikes, horses, pedestrians) Water and wind erosion on steeper slopes Rabbits (erosion and grazing) Horses (spreading weed propagules and nutrients in faeces, erosion of tracks) Dogs, cats and foxes (nutrients in faeces, erosion and threat to fauna) Dumping of green waste, fill and rubble Construction of ‘cubbies’ by local children Main weed species noted Pennisetum clandestinum (Kikuyu) Cynodon dactylon (Couch) Lantana camara (Lantana) Cortaderia selloana (Pampas Grass) Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata (Bitou Bush) Stenotaphrum secundatum (Buffalo Grass) Andropogon virginicus (Whisky Grass) Eragrostis curvula (African Lovegrass) Pittosporum undulatum (Sweet Pittosporum) Paspalum sp. Acacia saligna Class Filicopsida Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Transition zones

Dennstaedtiaceae Pteridium esculentum X X Gleicheniaceae Sticherus flabellatus X Gleichenia dicarpa X Lindseaeceae Lindsea linearis X Class Magnoliopsida Sub-Class Magnoliidae Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Transition zones

Apiaceae Actinotus helianthii X X Centella asiatica X Platysace lanceolata X X Platysace stephensonii* X Xanthosia pilosa X X Asteraceae Helichrysum elata X Ozothamnus diosmifolius X Campanulaceae Wahlenbergia gracilis X Cassythaceae Cassytha sp. X Casuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X X Allocasuarina littoralis X Cunoniaceae Ceratopetalum gummiferum X Dilleniaceae Hibbertia fasciculata X X Hibbertia linearis X Hibbertia scandens X Droseraceae Drosera sp. X Family Botanical Name ESBS Dry Moist Transition


Species ESBS ESBS zones Elaeocarpaceae Elaeocarpus reticulatus X Epacridaceae Astroloma pinifolium X X Brachyloma daphnoides X X Epacris longiflora X X X Epacris microphylla X X Epacris obtusifolia X X Leucopogon ericoides X X X Leucopogon parviflorus X Monotoca elliptica X X Styphelia viridis X X Woolsia pungens X X X Euphorbiaceae Amperia xiphoclada X Ricinocarpus pinifolius X X Fabaceae Bossiaea heterophylla X X - Faboideae Bossiaea scolopendria X X X Dillwynia floribunda X X Dillwynia retorta X X Hardenbergia violacea X X Fabaceae Acacia myrtifolia X - Mimosoideae Acacia sophorae X X X Acacia suaveolens X X Acacia terminalis X X Acacia ulicifolia X X Goodeniaceae Dampiera stricta X Goodenia ovata X Goodenia stelligera X Haloragaceae Gonocarpus micranthus X Gonocarpus tetragynus X Gonocarpus teucrioides X X Myrtaceae Angophora costata X Callistemon citrinus X Callistemon linearis X X Callistemon rigidus X Calytrix tetragona X X Corymbia gummifera X X Darwinia fascicularis X X X Eucalyptus botryoides X Kunzea ambigua X X X Leptospermum laevigatum X X Leptospermum squarrosum X Leptospermum trinervium X X Melaleuca nodosa X X X Melaleuca squamea X Pittosporaceae Billardiera scandens X X Pittosporum undulatum X Proteaceae Banksia aemula X X Banksia ericifolia X X X Banksia integrifolia X X Banksia oblongifolia X Conospermum taxifolium X X Hakea gibbosa X Hakea teretifolia X X X Lambertia formosa X X



Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Transition zones

Proteaceae Lomatia silaifolia X Persoonis laevis X Persoonia lanceolata X X X Petrophile pulchella X Xylomelum pyriforme X Rhamnaceae Cryptandra amara var amara X Rubiaceae Opercularia aspera X Pomax umbellata X X X Rutaceae Boronia floribunda X Boronia parvifolia X X Boronia rigens X Correa reflexa X Eriostemon australasius X X Eriostemon buxifolius X X Stackhousiaceae Stackhousia viminea X Thylmelaeaceae Pimelea linifolia X X Sub-Class Liliidae Cyperaceae Baumea sp. X Cyathochaeta diandra X X Gahnia seiberana X Lepidosperma laterale X X Schoenus brevifolius X Schoenus ericitorum X Lomandraceae Lomandra glauca X Lomandra longifolia X X Haemadoraceae Haemodorum planifolium X Iridaceae Patersonia glabrata X Liliaceae Dianella congesta X Thelionema umbellatum X Orchidaceae Cryptostylis erecta X Pterostylis erecta X Poaceae Aristida ramosa X Danthonia sp. X Dichelachne crinita X X Entolasia stricta X Eragrostis brownii X X Imperata cylindrica X Microlaena stipoides X Paspalidium distans X Stipa sp. X Restionaceae Hypolaena fastigatia X X Restio fastigiatus X X X Smilacaceae Smilax glyciphylla X X Xanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea resinifera X X X * ROTAP listed species, ‘Rare, 3RC-‘


Maroubra Reservoir, Maroubra Site surveyed by NPWS on 27/2/01. 17 species of native plants were noted within ESBS vegetation including 11 characteristic ESBS species. Management Issues Weed control Fire management Past plantings Fill and rock embankment above the site Main weed species noted Lantana camara (Lantana) Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata (Bitou bush) Mixed exotic grasses Acacia saligna Class Magnoliopsida Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Sub-Class Magnoliidae Casuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X X Allocasuarina littoralis X Epacridaceae Brachyloma daphnoides X X Fabaceae Acacia sophorae X X - Mimosoideae Acacia suaveolens X X Myrtaceae Leptospermum laevigatum X X Melaleuca armillaris* X Pittosporaceae Pittosporum undulatum X Proteaceae Banksia integrifolia* X X Banksia serrata* X X Persoonia lanceolata X X Thylemaceae Pimelea linifolia X X Sub-Class Liliidae Cyperaceae Isolepis nodosa X Poaceae Danthonia sp. X Entolasia stricta X Eragrostis brownii X X Restionaceae Restio fastigiatus X X *Some or all of the individuals of these species may have been planted


New South Wales Golf Club, La Perouse Site surveyed by the NPWS on 12/12/00. 113 species of native plants were noted within ESBS vegetation including 46 characteristic ESBS species. Management Issues Weed control Fire management Fill/water/nutrients from tees and greens Erosion control Fox/rabbit control Mowing, slashing, removal of overstorey Path construction Inappropriate planting Dumping of green waste, sand and rubbish Access Main weed species noted Cynodon dactylon (Couch) Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata (Bitou Bush) Lantana camara (Lantana) Protasparagus plumosus (Climbing Asparagus) Pennisetum clandestinum (Kikuyu) Andropogon virginicus (Whisky Grass) Pelargonium capitatum (Pelargonium) Acetosa saggitata (Rumex, Turkey Rhubarb) Class Lycopsida Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS


Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Dennstaedtiaceae Pteridium esculentum X X Gleicheniaceae Gleichenia dicarpa X Class Magnoliopsida Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Sub-Class Magnoliidae Aizoaceae Carpobrotus glaucescens X Apiaceae Actinotus helianthii X X Centella asiatica X Platysace lanceolata X Xanthosia pilosa X X Apocynaceae Parsonsia straminea X Asclepiadaceae Marsdenia suaveolens X Asteraceae Epaltes australis X Campanulaceae Wahlenbergia gracilis X Cassythaceae Cassytha sp. X Casuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X X Allocasuarina littoralis X Centrolepidaceae Centrolepis fascicularis X Chloanthaceae Chloanthes stoechadis X Convolvulaceae Dichondra repens X



Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Cunoniaceae Ceratopetalum gummiferum X Dilleniaceae Hibbertia acicularis X Hibbertia fasciculata X X Hibbertia linearis X Hibbertia scandens X Eleaocarpaceae Eleaocarpus reticulata X Epacridaceae Atsroloma pinifolium X X Brachyloma daphnoides X X Epacris microphylla X X X Leucopogon ericoides X X Monotoca elliptica X X Styphelia viridis X X Euphorbiaceae Amperea xiphoclada X Breynia oblongifolia X Ricinocarpus pinifolius X X Fabaceae Acacia myrtifolia X - Mimosoideae Acacia sophorae X X Acacia suaveolens X X

Acacia ulicifolia X X Aotus ericoides Fabaceae X Bossiaea heterophylla - Faboideae X X Bossiaea scolopendria X X

Dillwynia glaberima X Dillwynia retorta X X Hardenbergia violaceae X X Geraniaceae Pelargonium australe X Goodeniaceae Dampiera stricta X Goodenia paniculata X X Halagoraceae Gonocarpus teucrioides X X Myrtaceae Acmena smithii X Angophora costata X Baeckea imbricata X Callistemon citrinus X Callistemon linearis X Darwinia fascicularis X X Eucalyptus botryoides X Eucalyptus globoidea X Eucalyptus robusta X Kunzea ambigua X X Leptospermum juniperinum X Leptospermum laevigatum X X Leptospermum trinervium X X Melaleuca nodosa X X X Melaleuca armillaris X Oleaceae Notelea ovata X Pittosporaceae Billardieria scandens X X Pittosporum undulatum X Proteaceae Banksia aemula X X Banksia ericifolia X X X Banksia integrifolia X X Banksia serrata X X Conospermum taxifolium X X



Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Hakea dactyloides X Hakea teretifolia X X X Isopogon anemonifolius X Persoonia lanceolata X X Xylomelum pyriforme X Rubiaceae Opercularia aspera X Opercularia varia X Pomax umbellata X X Rutaceae Correa alba X Correa reflexa X Eriostemon australasius X X Philotheca salsolifolia X X Sapindaceae Dodonea triquetra X Solanaceae Solanum aviculare X Sterculiaceae Lasiopetalum ferrugineum

Var. ferrugineum X

Thymelaeaceae Pimelea linifolia X X Violaceae Hybanthus monopetalus X Vitaceae Cissus hypoglauca X Sub-Class Liliidae Commelinaceae Commelina cyanea X Cyperaceae Baumea juncea X Isolepis nodosa X Lepidosperma laterale X X Schoenus ericetorum X Haemadoraceae Haemodorum planifolium X X Liliaceae Thelionema umbellata X Lomandraceae Lomandra glauca X Lomandra longifolia X X Phormiaceae Dianella caerulea X Dianella congesta X Dianella revoluta X X Poaceae Dichelachne crinita X X Entolasia stricta X Eragrostis brownii X X Imperata cylindrica X Microlaena stipoides X Paspalidium distans X Stipa sp. X Themeda australis X Restionaceae Hypolaena fastigiata X X Restio fastigiatus X X Xanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorhoea resinifera X X


North Head, Manly Site surveyed by the NPWS between September 2001 and January 2002. 76 species of native plants were noted within ESBS vegetation including 43 characteristic ESBS species. Management Issues Weed control Fire management Fox/rabbit control Erosion control Infrastructure maintenance and construction Dumping of rubbish Drainage from roads Main weed species noted Lantana camara (Lantana) Eragrostis curvula (African Love Grass) Class Filicopsida Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Transition

zones Dennestaediaceae Pteridium esculentum X X Gleicheniaceae Gleichenia dicarpa X Lindsaeaceae Lindsea linearis X Schizaeaceae Schizea bifida X Class Magnoliopsida Sub-Class Magnoliidae Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Transition

zones Apiaceae Actinotus helianthii X X Actinotus minor X X Platysace lanceolata X Xanthosia pilosa X X Apocynaceae Parsonsia straminea X Cassythaceae Cassytha sp. X Casuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X X Dilleniaceae Hibbertia dentata X Hibbertia scandens X Hibbertia fasciculata X X Hibbertia linearis X Elaeocarpaceae Elaeocarpus reticulatus X Epacridaceae Astroloma humifusum X Astroloma pinifolium X X Brachyloma daphnoides X X Epacris longiflora X X Epacris obtusifolia X X Leucopogon microphyllus X Monotoca elliptica X X Styphelia viridis X X Woollsia pungens X X Euphorbiaceae Amperea xiphoclada X Glochidion ferdinandi X Ricinocarpos pinifolius X X Fabaceae Acacia sophorae X X - Mimosoideae Acacia suaveolens X X Acacia ulicifolia X X


Family Botanical Name ESBS Species

Dry ESBS

Transition zones

Fabaceae Bossiaeae heterophylla X X - Faboideae Bossiaeae scolopendria X X Dillwynia retorta X X Myrtaceae Angophora hispida X Darwinia fascicularis X X Eucalyptus camfieldii X Kunzea ambigua X X Kunzea capitata X Leptospermum laevigtaum X X Leptospermum squarrosum X Melaleuca armillaris X Melaleuca nodosa X X Pittosporaceae Pittosporum undulatum X Proteaceae Banksia aemula X X Banksia ericifolia X X Banksia integrifolia X X Banksia marginata X Banksia oblongifolia X Banksia serrata X X Conospermum ellipticum X Conospermum taxifolium X X Grevillea buxifolia X Grevillea speciosa sp.

Speciosa X

Hakea gibbosa X Hakea teretifolia X X Lambertia formosa X X Persoonia lanceolata X X Rubiaceae Pomax umbellata X X Rutaceae Eriostemon australasius X X Eriostemon buxifolius X Zieria laevigata X Sub-Class Liliidae Cyperaceae Caustis pentandra X X Cyathochaeta diandra X X Gahnia sieberana X Lepidosperma laterale X X Schoenus ericetorum X X Iridaceae Patersonia glabrata X Patersonia sericea X Lomandraceae Lomandra longifolia X X Orchidaceae Galeola cassythoides X Pterostylis anemonifolius X Poaceae Eragrostis brownii X X Restionaceae Hypolaena fastigiata X X Restio fatigiatus X X Xanthorrheaceae Xanthorrhoea resinifera X X


Pioneers Park, Malabar Site surveyed by NPWS on 22/8/00. 18 species of native plants were noted within ESBS vegetation including 12 characteristic ESBS species. Management Issues Weed control Fire management Access Fox/rabbit control Main weed species noted Lantana (Lantana camara) Pampas Grass (Cortaderia selloana) African Love Grass (Eragrostis curvula) Class Filicopsida Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry


Species Dry

ESBS Apiaceae Xanthosia pilosa X X Asteraceae Helichrysum elatum X Dilleniaceae Hibbertia scandens X Epacridaceae Leucopogon ericoides X X Monotoca elliptica X X Fabaceae Acacia sophorae X X - Mimosoideae Haloragaceae Gonocarpus teucrioides X X Myrtaceae Kunzea ambigua X X Leptospermum trinervium X X Pittosporaceae Pittosporum undulatum X Proteaceae Banksia ericifolia X X Rubiaceae Pomax umbellata X X Smilacaceae Smilax glyciphylla X Sub-Class Liliidae Cyperaceae Lepidosperma laterale X X Lomandraceae Lomandra longifolia X X Lomandra multiflora X Poaceae Entolasia stricta X


Prince Henry Hospital, Little Bay Site surveyed by NPWS between July and August 2000. 54 species of plants were noted within ESBS vegetation including 33 characteristic ESBS species. Management Issues Weed control Fire management Fox and rabbit control Dumping of rubbish Inappropriate plantings nearby eg Melaleuca quinquenervia Mowing of lawn and ‘tidying’ of the area Access Main weed species noted Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata (Bitou Bush) Eragrostis curvula (African Lovegrass) Cynodon dactylon (Couch) Lantana camara (Lantana) Stenotaphrum secundatum (Buffalo Grass) Class Magnoliopsida Sub-Class Magnoliidae Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Transition

zones Apiaceae Xanthosia pilosa X X Aizoaceae Carpobrotus glaucescens X Casuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X X Dilleniaceae Hibbertia scandens X Epacridaceae Astroloma pinifolium X X Brachyloma daphnoides X X Epacris microphylla X X Eriostemon buxifolius X Leucopogon ericoides X X Monotoca elliptica X X Styphelia viridis X X Woollsia pungens X X Euphorbiaceae Breynia oblongifolia X Fabaceae Acacia sophorae X X - Mimosoideae Acacia suaveolens X X Fabaceae Bossiaea scolopendria X X - Faboideae Dillwynia retorta X X Dillwynia glaberrima X Gompholobium glabratum X Myrtaceae Angophora costata X Calytrix tetragona X Corymbia gummifera X X Kunzea ambigua X X Leptospermum laevigatum X X Leptospermum trinervium X X Melaleuca nodosa X X Micromyrtus ciliata X Pittosporaceae Billardiera scandens X X Pittosporum undulatum X Proteaceae Banksia ericifolia X X Banksia integrifolia X X



Species Dry

ESBS Transition

zones Proteaceae Conospermum taxifolium X X Hakea teretifolia X X Persoonia lanceolata X X Petrophile pulchella X Rubiaceae Pomax umbellata X X Rutaceae Boronia rigens X Sub-Class Liliidae Cyperaceae Cyathochaeta diandra X X Isolepis nodosa X Lepidosperma laterale X X Schoenus ericetorum X Lomandraceae Lomandra glauca X Lomandra obliqua X Haemadoraceae Haemodorum planifolium X X Phormiaceae Dianella caerulea X Dianella revoluta X X Poaceae Dichelachne crinita X X Entolasia stricta X Eragrostis brownii X X Imperata cylindrica X Paspalidium distans X Stipa sp. X Restionaceae Hypolaena fastigiata X X Xanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea resinifera X X


Randwick Environment Park, Kingsford Site surveyed by the NPWS on 23/11/00. 36 species of native plants were noted within ESBS vegetation including 29 characteristic ESBS species. Management Issues Weed control Fire management Building of ‘cubbies’ by local children Altered hydrology and nutrient status (drainage from fill bank, sports fields and residential areas) Flooding of lake Inappropriate plantings Erosion control Dumping of rubbish Fox/rabbit control Access Main weed species noted Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata (Bitou Bush) Lantana camara (Lantana) Bryophyllum spp (Mother of Millions) Gazania rigens (Gazania) Acacia saligna Eragrostis curvula (African Love Grass) Cynodon dactylon (Couch) Stenotaphrum secundatum (Buffalo Grass) Ehrharta erecta (Ehrharta) Class Filicopsida Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Dennstaedtiaceae Pteridium esculentum X X Gleicheniaceae Gleichenia dicarpa X

Class Magnoliopsida Sub-Class Magnoliidae Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Apiaceae Xanthosia pilosa X X Epacridaceae Astroloma pinifolium X X Brachyloma daphnoides X X Leucopogon ericoides X X Monotoca elliptica X X Styphelia viridis X X Fabaceae Acacia sophorae X X - Mimosoideae Acacia suaveolens X X Acacia terminalis ssp. terminalis X X Acacia ulicifolia X X Fabaceae Bossiaeae heterophylla X X - Faboideae Dillwynia glaberrima X Dillwynia retorta X X Glycine clandestina X Myrtaceae Corymbia gummifera X X Darwinia fascicularis X X Kunzea ambigua X X X Leptospermum laevigtaum X X X



Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Myrtaceae Leptospermum trinervium X X Melaleuca armillaris X X Pittosporaceae Pittosporum undulatum X X Proteaceae Banksia integrifolia X X Conospermum taxifolium X X Hakea teretifolia X X Persoonia lanceolata X X Thymelaeaceae Pimelea linifolia X X Sub-Class Liliidae Cyperaceae Isolepis nodosa X Lepidosperma laterale X X Liliaceae Dianella revoluta X X Lomandraceae Lomandra glauca X X Poaceae Dichelachne crinita X X Eragrostis brownii X X Stipa sp. X Restionaceae Hypolaena fastigiata X X


St. Michaels Golf Course, Little Bay Site surveyed by the NPWS on 27/2/01. 110 species of native plants were noted within ESBS vegetation including 46 characteristic ESBS species. Management Issues Weed control Fire management Fill/water/nutrients from tees and greens Inappropriate mulching and planting Herbicide overspray during weed control work Trimming/removal of bushes Fox/rabbit control Dumping of green waste Erosion control Access Main weed species noted Lantana camara (Lantana) Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata (Bitou Bush) Acetosa sagittata (Rumex, Turkey Rhubarb) Protasparagus aethiopicus (Asparagus Fern) Senna pendula var. glabrata (Cassia) Erythrina x sykessi (Coral Tree) Mixed exotic grasses Class Filicopsida Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Dennstaedtiaceae Histiopteris incisa X Hypolepis muelleri X Pteridium esculentum X X Gleicheniaceae Gleichenia dicarpa X Class Cycadopsida Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Zamiaceae Macrozamia communis X Class Magnoliopsida Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Sub-Class Magnoliidae Aizoaceae Carpobrotus glaucescens X Apiaceae Actinotus helianthi X X Xanthosia pilosa X X Apocynaceae Parsonsia straminea X Asclepiadaceae Marsdenia suaveolens X Asteraceae Helichrysum elatum X Cassythaceae Cassytha sp. X Casuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X X Allocasuarina littoralis X Chloanthaceae Chloanthes stoechadis X Dilleniaceae Hibbertia acicularis X Hibbertia fasciculata X X Hibbertia scandens X Elaeocarpaceae Elaeocarpus reticulatus X



Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Epacridaceae Astroloma pinifolium X X Brachyloma daphnoides X X Epacris microphylla X X Leucopogon ericoides X X Monotoca elliptica X X Styphelia sp. X Woollsia pungens X X Euphorbiaceae Amperea xiphoclada X Breynia oblongifolia X Ricinocarpos pinifolius X X Fabaceae Aotus ericoides X - Faboideae Bossiaea heterophylla X X Bossiaea scolopendria X X Dillwynia sp. X Hardenbergia violaceae X X Viminaria juncea X Fabaceae Acacia myrtifolia X X - Mimosoideae Acacia sophorae X X Acacia suaveolens X X Acacia ulicifolia X X Goodeniaceae Dampiera stricta X Haloragaceae Gonocarpus micranthus X Gonocarpus teucrioides X X Lauraceae Endiandra sieberi X Lobeliaceae Lobelia alata X Loganiaceae Mitrasacme polymorpha X Myrtaceae Angophora costata X Baeckea imbricata X X Callistemon citrinus X X Callistemon linearis X Corymbia gummifera X X Eucalyptus botryoides X Eucalyptus globoidea X Kunzea ambigua X X Leptospermum arachnoides X Leptospermum laevigatum X X Leptospermum trinervium X X Melaleuca armillaris X Melaleuca nodosa X X Micromyrtus ciliata X Oleaceae Notelaea longifolia X Pittosporaceae Billardiera scandens X X Pittosporum undulatum X Proteaceae Banksia aemula X X Banksia ericifolia X X X Banksia integrifolia X X Banksia oblongifolia X Banksia serrata X X Conospermum taxifolium X X Hakea dactyloides X Hakea teretifolia X X X Lambertia formosa X X



Species Dry

ESBS Moist ESBS

Proteaceae Persoonia lanceolata X X Xylomelum pyriforme X Rubiaceae Pomax umbellata X X Rutaceae Correa reflexa X Eriostemon australasius X X Eriostemon buxifolius X Zieria pilosa X Sapindaceae Dodonea triquetra X Sterculiaceae Lasiopetalum ferrugineum X Rulingia hermanniifolia* X Thymelaeaceae Pimelea linifolia X X Violaceae Hybanthus monopetalus X Sub-Class Liliidae Commelinaceae Commelina cyanea X Cyperaceae Baumea juncea X Cyperus polystachyos X Isolepis nodosa X Lepidosperma laterale X X Schoenus brevifolius X Dasypogonaceae Lomandra glauca X Lomandra longifolia X X Lomandra multiflora X Haemadoraceae Haemodorum planifolium X X Liliaceae Dianella caerulea X Dianella congesta X Dianella revoluta X X Orchidaceae Cryptostylis erecta X Poaceae Dichelachne crinita X X Entolasia stricta X X Entolasia marginata X Eragrostis brownii X X Imperata cylindrica X Microlaena stipoides X Paspalidium distans X Stipa sp. X Themeda australis X Restionaceae Hypolaena fastigiata X X Leptocarpus tenax X X Smilacaceae Smilax glyciphylla X Xanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea resinifera X X


The Lakes Golf Course, Eastlakes Site surveyed by D. Hirschfeld in May 1997. 27 species of native plants were noted within ESBS vegetation including 16 characteristic ESBS species. Management Issues Weed control Fire management Mowing and /or slashing Fill/water/nutrients from tees and greens Inappropriate mulching and planting Fox/rabbit control Erosion control Access Main weed species noted Eragrostis curvula (African Love Grass) Lantana camara (Lantana) Erythrina x sykessi (Coral Tree) Acacia saligna Mixed exotic grasses Class Filicopsida Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Dennestaediaceae Pteridium esculentum X X Class Magnoliopsida Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Sub-Class Magnoliidae Campanulaceae Wahlenbergia gracilis X Casuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X X Allocasuarina littoralis X Epacridaceae Brachyloma daphnoides X X Monotoca elliptica X X Fabaceae Acacia sophorae X X - Mimosoideae Acacia suaveolens X X Fabaceae Bossiaeae heterophylla X X - Faboideae Myrtaceae Callistemon citrinus * X Eucalyptus sp. * X Kunzea ambigua X X Leptospermum laevigtaum X X Pittosporaceae Pittosporum undulatum X Proteaceae Banksia aemula X X Banksia integrifolia * X X Banksia paludosa X Lambertia formosa X X Persoonia lanceolata X X Sub-Class Liliidae Cyperaceae Cyperus polystachyos X Isolepis nodosa X Lomandraceae Lomandra glauca X Lomandra longifolia * X X



Species Dry

ESBS Poaceae Entolasia marginata X Eragrostis brownii X X Imperata cylindrica X Xanthorrheaceae Xanthorrhoea resinifera X X * Some individuals of these species may have been planted.


Wassell Street, Matraville Site surveyed by the NPWS on 22/8/2000. 30 native species were noted within ESBS vegetation including 22 characteristic ESBS species. Management Issues Weed control and fire management Access Fox/rabbit control Water & nutrients from road and houses above the site Main weed species noted Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. rotundata (Bitou Bush) Eragrostis curvula (African Love Grass) Cynodon dactylon (Couch) Lantana camara (Lantana) Class Filicopsida Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry


Species Dry

ESBS Casuarinaceae Allocasuarina distyla X X Dilleniaceae Hibbertia scandens X Epacridaceae Leucopogon ericoides X X Monotoca elliptica X X Euphorbiaceae Breynia oblongifolia X Glochidion ferdinandi X Ricinocarpus pinifolius X X Fabaceae Acacia suaveolens X X - Mimosoideae Acacia sophorae X X Fabaceae - Faboideae Aotus ericoides X Myrtaceae Angophora costata X Corymbia gummifera X X Eucalyptus piperita X Leptospermum laevigatum X X Leptospermum trinervium X X Pittosporaceae Billardieria scandens X X Pittosporum undulatum X Proteaceae Banksia aemula X X Banksia ericifolia X X Persoonia lanceolata X X Rubiaceae Pomax umbellata X X Rutaceae Eriostemon australasius X X Sub-Class Liliidae Cyperaceae Lepidosperma laterale X X Haemadoraceae Haemodorum planifolium X X Lomandraceae Lomandra longifolia X X Phormiaceae Dianella revoluta X X Poaceae Entolasia sp. X Restionaceae Hypolaena fastigiata X X Xanthorrhoeaceae Xanthorrhoea sp. X X


York Road, Bondi Junction Site surveyed by the NPWS on 22/8/00. 31 species of native plants were noted in ESBS vegetation including 19 characteristic ESBS species. Management Issues Fire management Weed control Overshading by Radiata Pines Supression of germination by Pine needle mulch Informal access tracks - erosion & damage to plants Dumping of rubbish – litter, building debris etc. Main weed species noted Cynodon dactylon (Couch) Pinus radiata (Radiata Pine) Ehrharta erecta (Ehrharta) Protasparagus aethiopicus (Asparagus Fern) Stenotaphrum secundatum (Buffalo Grass) Lantana camara (Lantana) Tradescantia fluminensis (Wandering Jew) Cortaderia selloana (Pampas Grass) Erythrina x sykessi (Coral Tree) Ipomea cairica (Morning Glory) Yucca Class Filicopsida Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Aspleniaceae Asplenium flabellifolium X Schizeaeceae Cheilanthes sieberi X Class Magnoliopsida Sub-Class Magnoliidae Family Botanical Name ESBS

Species Dry

ESBS Apiaceae Xanthosia tridentata X Xanthosia pilosa X X Epacridaceae Astroloma pinifolium X X Brachyloma daphnoides X X Leucopogon ericoides X X Leucopogon juniperinus X Monotoca elliptica X X Euphorbiaceae Micrantheum ericoides X Fabaceae Bossiaea heterophylla X X - Faboideae Dillwynia glaberrima X Dillwynia retorta X X Fabaceae Acacia sophorae/longifolia X X - Mimosoideae Acacia suaveolens X X Acacia ulicifolia X X Myrtaceae Eucalyptus botryoides X Kunzea ambigua X X Leptospermum laevigatum X X Proteaceae Banksia integrifolia X X Banksia serrata X X Persoonia lanceolata X X



Species Dry

ESBS Sub-Class Liliidae Commelinaceae Commelina cyanea X Cyperaceae Isolepis nodosa X Lomandraceae Lomandra glauca X Lomandra longifolia X X Phormiaceae Dianella revoluta X X Poaceae Dichelachne crinita X X Eragrostis brownii X X Microlaena stipoides X Stipa sp. X Species recorded at this site in previous surveys are listed in “York Road Bushland, Queens Park Survey of Remnant Vegetation & Fauna Habitat on Lots 1 (DP 701512), and 22 and 23 (DP 879582)”. This report was prepared by Urban Bushland Management Consultants in February 2000 for the Moriah War Memorial College as part of a Development Application to Waverley Council. Additional species listed in that report but not recorded during the NPWS survey are:

Bossiaea scolopendria Campylopus introflexus Danthonia sp. Hibbertia scandens Melaleuca armillaris Monotoca scoparia Muellerina celastroides Panicum simile Pittosporum undulatum Pterostylis sp. Sprengelia sp. Stipa pubescens Wahlenbergia gracilis


Appendix 4: Site maps The following maps of known ESBS sites are provided as a guide for land managers to indicate the presence and approximate extent of ESBS in October 2002. Any future assessment of potential environmental impacts must re-survey the relevant area to determine the exact extent of ESBS.


Course

Golf

Australian

Winburn Ave

Day AveTu

nsta

ll A

ve

Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub (ESBS): Australian Golf Course

Copyright NSW Nationa l Parks and W ildlife Servic e August 2001. This map is not guaran teed to be free from erro r or omission. The NSW N ational Parksand W ildlife Service and its employees d isclaim liabilit y fo r any act done on the informat ion in t he map and any consequenc es o f s uch acts or omissions .

N

EW

SCadastreESBS (0.27 ha)

0 5 10 MetresNB This map is indicative only and is not intended for fine scale assessment


Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub (ESBS): Banksmeadow Primary School

Copyright NSW National Parks and W ildlife Servic e August 2001. Th is map is no t guaranteed to be free from erro r o r omission. The NSW N ational Parks and W ildlife Service and its employees d isclaim liabilit y fo r any act done on the info rmat ion in t he map and any consequenc es o f s uch acts or omissions .

N

EW

S

Banksmeadow

Primary School

Step

hen

Road

0 10 20 Metres

Cadastre

ESBS (0.27 ha)NB This map is indicative only and is not intended for fine scale assessment


Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub (ESBS): Bonnie Doon Golf Course

Copyright NSW National Parks and W ildlife Servic e August 2001. Th is map is no t guaranteed to be free from erro r o r omission. The NSW N ational Parksand W ildlife Service and its employees d isclaim liabilit y fo r any act done on the info rmat ion in t he map and any consequenc es o f s uch acts or omissions

N

EW

SESBS (2.50 ha)Cadastre

Heffron Rd

Wentworth Ave

Bonnie

Doon

Golf

Course

Mutch

Park

Doon

Bonnie

Course

Golf

0 50 100 Metres

(see Botany Wetlands Map 3)

NB This map is indicative only and is not intended for fine scale assessment


Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub (ESBS): Botany Wetlands Map 1

Copyr ight NSW Nat ional Parks and Wildlif e Serv ice August 2001. This map is not guaranteed to be freefrom erro r o r omission. The N SW N ational Parks and W ildlife Service and its employ ees dis claim liability

for any act done on the in fo rmation in t he map and any c onsequences of s uch ac ts o r omissions.

N

EW

S

WetlandESBS (2.17 ha)

Sout

hern

Cro

ss D

ve

Pond 4 - 5

Pond 6

0 50 100 Metres

The

Lake

sG

olf

Cour

se

Eas

tlake

Gol

f

Cou

rse

(see Botany Wetlands Map 2)



Eastern SuburbsBanksia Scrub (ESBS):

Botany Wetlands- Map 2

Copyright NSW Nationa l Parks and W ildlife Servic e August 2001 This map is not guarant eed t o be f ree f rom error o r omission The NSW N ationa l Parks and W ildlife Servic e and its employees disc laim liability for any act done on the in formation in the map and any consequences o f s uch ac ts or omissions

N

EW

S

WetlandESBS (4.00 ha)CadastrePond 3A

Pond 3

Sout

hern

Cro

ss D

rive

Wentworth Ave

0 25 50 75 100 Metres

Eastlake Golf Course


The Lakes Golf Course



Copyright NSW National Parks and W ildlife Servic e August 2001 This map is not guarant eed t o be f ree f rom error or omission The NSW N ational Parks and W ildlife Servic e and its employees disc laim liability for any act done on the in formation in the map and any consequences o f s uch ac ts o r omissions

N

EW

S

Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub (ESBS):

Botany Wetlands- Map 3

Wentworth Ave

The Lakes Golf Course


Pond 1

Pond 1A

0 25 50 75 MetresSouthern Cross Drive

WetlandESBS (1.15 ha)


Cadastre


Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub (ESBS): Bunnerong Rd, Chifley

Copyright NSW National Parks and W ildlife Servic e August 2003 This map is not guarant eed t o be f ree f rom error or omission The NSW N ational Parks and W ildlife Servic e and its employees disc laim liability for any act done on the in formation in the map and any consequences of s uch ac ts o r omissions

N

EW

S

Wassell St.

Bunnerong Rd

Military

Rd

Cadastre

ESBS (1.79 ha)

0 20 40 Metres



N

EW

S

Copyright NSW National Parks and Wildli fe Serv ice August 2003. This map is not guaranteed to be freefrom error or omission. The NSW National Parks and W ildli fe Service and i ts employees disclaim liabi lity for any act done on the information in the map and any consequences of such acts or omiss ions

Eastern Suburbs Banskia Scrub (ESBS): Bunnerong Substation, Matraville



Military

Road

0 20 40 Metres

ESBS (1.54 ha)NB This map is indicative only and is not

intended for fine scale assessment


EasternSuburbsBanksia Scrub (ESBS):Centennial Park- North

Copyright NSW Nationa l Parks and W ildlife Servic e August 2001 This map is not guarant eed t o be f ree f rom error o r omission The NSW N ationa l Parks and W ildlife Servic e and its employees disc laim liability for any act done on the in formation in the map and any consequences of s uch ac ts or omissions

N

EW

S

Grand Drive

Dickens Drive

Parkes D

ri ve

Loch

Ave

CENTENNIAL PARK

BusbysPond Lily Pond

RandwickPond Duck Pond

Willow Pond

Fly Casting

Pond

ModelYachtPond

0 50 100 Metres

ESBS (0.76 ha)

Cadastre

Wetland

see York Road

map



Eastern SuburbsBanksia Scrub (ESBS):Centennial Park- South

Copyright NSW Nationa l Parks and W ildlife Servic e August 2001 This map is not guarant eed t o be f ree f rom error o r omission The NSW N ationa l Parks and W ildlife Servic e and its employees disc laim liability for any act done on the information in the map and any consequences o f s uch ac ts o r omissions

N

EW

S

Grand Drive

Alison Rd

Children'sCycleway

Kensington Pond

Kensington Pond

ESBS (0.27 ha)

Cadastre

Wetland

CENTENNIAL PARK

0 25 50 Metres



Jenn

i fer S

t

Botany Bay

National Park

(Jennifer St

Bushland)

Botany

Telstra

Golf Driving Range

Botany

Bay

National

ParkBay

National

Park


Jennifer St

Copyright NSW National Parks and W ildlife Servic e August 2003 This map is not guarant eed t o be f ree f rom error or omission The NSW N ationa l Parks and W ildlife Servic e and its employees disc laim liability for any act done on the in formation in the map and any consequences of s uch ac ts or omissions

N

EW

S

0 50 100 Metres

ESBS (7.06 ha)

Cadastre


(see Little Bay - South map)



La Perouse - East

Copyright NSW National Parks and W ildlife Servic e August 2001 This map is not guarant eed t o be f ree f rom error o r omission The NSW N ationa l Parks and W ildlife Servic e and its employees disc laim liability for any act done on the in formation in the map and any consequences of s uch ac ts or omissions

N

EW

S

Botany Bay National Park

NSW Golf Course

(see Little Bay - South map)

0 50 100 Metres

OceanESBS (19.30 ha)Cadastre

Pacific Ocean

N.B. This map is indicative only and is not intended for for fine scale assessment

LakePerrie

BotanyBayNationalPark


Quadraplegic Association of Australia

Field

Sports

Prince Henry Hospital

Jenn

ifer S

t

Anza

c Pd

e

Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub (ESBS): Little Bay - North

Copyright NSW National Parks and W ildlife Servic e August 2001 Th is map is not guarant eed t o be f ree f rom er ror o r omission The NSW National Park s and W ildlife Service and its employees d isclaim liabilit y fo r any act done on the informat ion in t he map and any consequences of suc h acts or omiss ions

N

EW

S

0 25 50 MetresCadastre



0 20 40 60 80 Metres

Eastern SuburbsBanksia Scrub (ESBS):

Little Bay - South

Copyright NSW Nationa l Parks and W ildlife Servic e August 2001 This map is not guarant eed t o be f ree f rom error o r omission The NSW N ationa l Parks and W ildlife Servic e and its employees disc laim liability for any act done on the in formation in the map and any consequences of s uch ac ts or omissions

N

EW

S

ESBS (6.86 ha)Cadastre

St Michael'sGolf Course

(see La Perouse - East map)

Botany BayNational Park

(see La Perouse - East map)

St Michael'sGolf Course



0 50 100 150 Metres

N

EW

S

Malabar SewageTreatment Works

Pacific Ocean

Long Bay

Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub (ESBS): Malabar Headland - East

Copyr ight NSW National Parks and Wild life Service August 2001 . This map is not guarant eed to be f ree from error o r omission. The N SW N ationa l Parks and W ildlife Service and its employ ees dis claim liability

f or any act done on the inf ormation in the map and any consequences of such act s or omis sions

2020

30

10

40

NB This map is indicative only and is not intended for fine scale assessmentWaterbody

ESBS (17.43 ha)Contours


Anz

ac P

de

Pioneers

Park

Rifle

Range

Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub (ESBS) Critical Habitat: Malabar Headland - West

Copyright NSW Nationa l Parks and W ildlife Servic e August 2001. This map is no t guaranteed to be free from error or omis sion . The NSW National Park s and Wild life Serv ice and it s employees disc laim liability f or any

ac t done on t he information in the map and any consequenc es of suc h acts or omiss ions

Broome St

0 50 100 Metres

N

EW

SCadastre

ESBS (5.45 ha)

40

3020



Copyright NSW National Parks and W ildlife Servic e August 2001 This map is not guarant eed t o be f ree f rom error or omission The NSW N ational Parks and W ildlife Servic e and its employees disc laim liability for any act done on the in formation in the map and any consequences of s uch ac ts o r omissions

N

EW

SVanny Pl

Am

our A

v e

Storey St

Maroubra Reservoir

Fowle r S

t


Maroubra Reservoir

0 10 20 30 Metres

ESBS (0.06 ha)

NB This map is indicative only and is not intended for

fine scale assessment


0 50 100 Metres

Military Reserve

PacificOcean

N

EW

S

Copyright NSW Nationa l Parks and W ildlife Servic e August 2001. Th is map is no t guaranteed to be freefrom erro r o r omission. The N SW N ational Parks and W ildlife Service and its employ ees dis claim liabilit y fo r any ac t done on t he info rmation in the map and any consequenc es of suc h acts or omiss ions


North Head

Waterbody

Cadastre

ESBS (68.85 ha)

Sydney Harbour National Park



WETLAND

Argyle

Bundock St

Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub (ESBS): Randwick Environment Park

Copyright NSW National Parks and W ildlife Servi ce August 2003. This map is not guaranteed to be free from error or omi ssion. The NSW National Parks and Wil dlife Service and its employees disclaim l iability for any act done on the information in the map and any consequences of such acts or missi ons

N

EW

S

Cresc

0 25 50 MetresWetlandCadastreESBS (3.6 ha)



Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub (ESBS): York Road

Copyright NSW Nationa l Parks and W ildlife Servic e August 2001. Th is map is no t guaran teed to be freefrom er ro r o r omission. The N SW N ationa l Parks and W ildlife Service and its employ ees dis claimliabilit y fo r any ac t done on t he info rmation in the map and any consequenc es of suc h acts or omiss ions

N

EW

S

Moriah College

Centennial Park

York Road

0 10 20 Metres

Yo r

k R

o ad

Cadastre



Appendix 5: Summary of advice from the NSW Scientific Committee Under Section 66A of the TSC Act (1995), recovery plans must include a summary of any advice given by the NSW Scientific Committee, details of any amendments made to the plan to take account of that advice and a statement of reasons for any departure from that advice. The Scientific Committee’s comments on the draft Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub Recovery Plan and details of the amendments made are tabled below.

Section Advice Response 9.2 Delete ‘viable’. Given that less than 3% on the

original area remains and that because of adjacent development we are unlikely to be able to increase the area of the community, our objective should be to maintain all remnants in situ.

Amended

9.2.1

A recommendation for critical habitat should be prepared concurrently for the Commonwealth land under the EPBC Act. This should be done in the same time frame as for the TSC Act i.e. within a Year 1 of the Recovery Plan.

Amended

9.5.1 Research priorities need to be better defined. Amended

43 Bridge Street Hurstville 2220 (02) 9585 6444

eastern suburbs banksia dcrub endangered ecological ... · eastern suburbs banksia scrub (esbs) is...

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