ebola clip. the lymphatic and immune systems day 1
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 2: Ebola Clip. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Day 1](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032802/56649de55503460f94add160/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The Lymphatic and Immune Systems
Day 1
![Page 3: Ebola Clip. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Day 1](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032802/56649de55503460f94add160/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
• Functions?– Return fluid to circulatory system– Defense
• Specific• Non-specific
Lymphatic System
![Page 4: Ebola Clip. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Day 1](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032802/56649de55503460f94add160/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
Organization of the Lymphatic System
![Page 5: Ebola Clip. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Day 1](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032802/56649de55503460f94add160/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
• Fluid leaks from blood capillaries
• Enters lymphatic capillaries
• Returns to circulatory system through lymphatic trunks
Lymph Formation and Flow
![Page 6: Ebola Clip. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Day 1](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032802/56649de55503460f94add160/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
• Structural hierarchy:– Atoms– Molecules– Organelles– Cells– Tissues– Organs– Organ systems
Do you remember…
![Page 7: Ebola Clip. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Day 1](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032802/56649de55503460f94add160/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
• Lymphocytes– T lymphocytes mature in thymus– B lymphocytes mature in bone marrow
• Macrophages– begin as monocytes– leave lymphatic tissue to enter surrounding tissue
Lymphatic Cells
![Page 8: Ebola Clip. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Day 1](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032802/56649de55503460f94add160/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
• Mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue (MALT)• Patches of tissue in mucous membranes
– Respiratory• Tonsils
– GI• Small intestine• Appendix
Lymphatic Tissues
![Page 9: Ebola Clip. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Day 1](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032802/56649de55503460f94add160/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
• Lymph nodes– cleanse lymph– store and produce T and B cells
Lymphatic Organs
![Page 10: Ebola Clip. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Day 1](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032802/56649de55503460f94add160/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
• Spleen– scans and cleans blood
• Thymus– nursery for T cells
Lymphatic Organs
![Page 11: Ebola Clip. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Day 1](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032802/56649de55503460f94add160/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
• Phagocytosis– neutrophils– macrophages (formerly monocytes)– engulf, destroy, debris out via exocytosis
• Natural killer cells– bind to infected cells – proteins perforate cells
Nonspecific Defense
![Page 12: Ebola Clip. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Day 1](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032802/56649de55503460f94add160/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
• Complement– plasma proteins assist with phagocytosis
• Interferons– released by virus infected cells– slow/stop viral growth, replication
Nonspecific Defense
![Page 13: Ebola Clip. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Day 1](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032802/56649de55503460f94add160/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
• Tissue damage• Histamine and other inflammatory chemicals
released• BV dilate, blood flow increases, capillary
permeability increases• Clotting and scar formation
The Development of Inflammation
![Page 14: Ebola Clip. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Day 1](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032802/56649de55503460f94add160/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
• Activation of leukocytes and macrophages causes release of pyrogens
• Hypothalamus raises body temperature, causing a fever
• Advantage?
Fever
![Page 15: Ebola Clip. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Day 1](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032802/56649de55503460f94add160/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
• Day 2
Lymph and Immune Systems
![Page 16: Ebola Clip. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Day 1](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032802/56649de55503460f94add160/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
Review
![Page 17: Ebola Clip. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Day 1](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032802/56649de55503460f94add160/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
Function of lymph vessels?
![Page 18: Ebola Clip. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Day 1](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032802/56649de55503460f94add160/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
Locations of lymph tissue/organs?
![Page 19: Ebola Clip. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Day 1](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032802/56649de55503460f94add160/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
How does lymph fluid get back in circulatory system?
![Page 20: Ebola Clip. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Day 1](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032802/56649de55503460f94add160/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
3 Lines of Defenses?
![Page 21: Ebola Clip. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Day 1](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032802/56649de55503460f94add160/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
Why T and B cells?
![Page 22: Ebola Clip. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Day 1](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032802/56649de55503460f94add160/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
Process?
![Page 23: Ebola Clip. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Day 1](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032802/56649de55503460f94add160/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
• Natural killer cells• Complement• Interferon• Pyrogens
Operation?
![Page 24: Ebola Clip. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Day 1](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032802/56649de55503460f94add160/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
• On the surface of cells• “Self” vs. “nonself”
Antigens
![Page 25: Ebola Clip. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Day 1](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032802/56649de55503460f94add160/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
– Recognize only one antigen– Cloned in response to antigen presentation– Memory cells made
Lymphocytes
![Page 26: Ebola Clip. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Day 1](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032802/56649de55503460f94add160/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
• Rapid, unregulated cell growth• Metastasis• Cells may lodge in lymph nodes
Cancer and Lymph Nodes
![Page 27: Ebola Clip. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Day 1](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032802/56649de55503460f94add160/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
• Strong response to a harmless antigen• Release of histamine• Symptoms…• Anaphylaxis – severe allergic reaction• Allergy shots?
Allergies
![Page 28: Ebola Clip. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Day 1](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032802/56649de55503460f94add160/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
Allergies
![Page 29: Ebola Clip. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Day 1](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032802/56649de55503460f94add160/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
• Like allergies – but attack of own tissues• Cause unclear• Examples
– rheumatoid arthritis– multiple sclerosis– type I diabetes
Autoimmune Disorders
![Page 30: Ebola Clip. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems Day 1](https://reader030.vdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032802/56649de55503460f94add160/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
• HIV – infects and kills helper T cells
• AIDS – helper T cell count falls below 200/mm3– immune system seriously weakened– patient is susceptible to opportunistic infection
HIV and AIDS