ec301 chapter 1 (1.4)
TRANSCRIPT
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1.4 Functions Of
Networking Hardware
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Network Interface Card (NIC)
Act as a physical interface and connectors between
your computer and network cable. (Bertindak sebagaiantaramuka fizikal atau penyambung di antara komputer anda dengan kabel rangkaian)
to provide a physical link to a computer network.
This connection allows computers to communicate
with servers, as well as other computers on the
network. (untuk menyediakan link fizikal kepada jaringan komputer. Sambungan inimembolehkan komputer untuk berkomunikasi dengan pelayan, serta komputer lain di
dalam rangkaian)
Each NIC has a unique serial number, which is called
a MAC address. (Setiap NIC mempunyai satu nombor siri yang unik, yangdisebut alamat MAC)
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Network Interface Card (NIC)Cont
Network interface card functions are:
Provide data from computer to network cable.(Menyediakan data dari komputer untuk kabel rangkaian)
Sending data to another computer. (Menghantar data ke komputeryang lain)
Control the flow of data between the computer and
plug the cable system. (Mengawal aliran data di antara komputer dan sistemkabel penyambung)
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Figure 1-5 A NIC (network interface card)
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Various Types Of Network Interface Card
a. Cards on an expansion board inside a
computer (PCI NIC, PCI Express NIC).
b. Cards installed to the computers bus
externally (PCMCIA adapter, USB port,FireWire, Compact Flash NIC)
c. On-board NIC
d. Wireless NIC
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Various Types Of Network Interface Card
a. Cards on an expansion board inside a
computer (PCI NIC, PCI Express NIC).
b. Cards installed to the computers bus
externally (PCMCIA adapter, USB port,FireWire, Compact Flash NIC)
c. On-board NIC
d. Wireless NIC
Wireless adapters are found in most portable devices, such as
laptops, smart phones, and tablet devices.
External wireless adapters can be purchased and installed on most
computers having an open USB (Universal Serial Bus) port, or unused
expansion slot.
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Install and configure NIC hardware and software.
Refer video in internet
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Functions of LAN connectivity
hardware:
a. Repeater
b. Hub / Switch
c. Bridges
d. Routers
e. Gateways
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(a) Repeater
To regenerate the signal when the signal received is
weak or interference, this device will make a copy ofbits to bits by the original signal strength. (untuk menjanasemula isyarat apabila isyarat yang diterima lemah atau terdapat gangguan, peranti ini akan membuat
satu salinan bit ke bit berdasarkan kekuatan asal isyarat tersebut)
Repeater will receive digital signals from one of theirport then regenerate the signal before sending out
the signal. (Repeater akan menerima isyarat digital dari salah satu portnya kemudian menjanasemula isyarat tersebut sebelum menghantar isyarat tersebut keluar)
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RepeaterCont
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(b) Hub
connection point between the station with the station
and between stations with the server. (titik penyambungan di antarastesyen dengan stesyen dan di antara stesyen dengan server)
have a several number of RJ-45 female connector,
known as a port. (mempunyai beberapa bilangan penyambung female RJ-45 yang dikenalisebagai port)
The function of the hub is broadcasting i.e data is
forwarded towards the all ports of a hub, regardless of
whether the data was intended for the particularsystems in the network or not. (Fungsi hub adalah untuk broadcasting iaitu datadilalukan ke semua port hub, untuk mengetahui apakah data ditujukan untuk host di dalam rangkaian tersebut
atau tidak)
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Hub & Bridge connections in Network
12
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(b) Switch
Switch is a combination of hub and bridge
technology. (Switch adalah gabungan teknologi hub dan bridge)
Switch function is like as it was built by a
small bridge on each port. (Switch berfungsi seolah-olah ia dibinadengan mempunyai bridge kecil pada setiap portnya)
Unlike hubs, switch only transmit or forwards
the data to the destined computer and it
does not broadcasts the data to all its ports.(Tidak seperti hub, switch hanya menghantar data ke komputer penerima sahaja dan tidak broadcast
data ke semua port)
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(c) Bridges
Appearance bridge is like a small box with two
network connectors (port) are connected to twoseparate networks. (seperti sebuah kotak kecil, dengan duapenyambung rangkaian yang disambung kepada dua rangkaian yang terpisah)
Used to transmit data between networks that usingthe same protocol. (Digunakan untuk menghantar data di antararangkaian yang menggunakan protokol yang sama)
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BridgesCont
AHMAD
MAC=00C08BBE0052
ZIANA
MAC=00C08B44E50C
JAMAL
MAC=00C08B11C439
SITI
MAC=00C08B477B72
HUB HUBBRIDGE
PORT
A
PORT
B
Jadual Bridge
PORT
A
PORT
B
00C08B44E50C
Rajah 5.4 : Ziana menghantar data kepada Ahmad
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BridgesCont
AHMAD
MAC=00C08BBE0052
ZIANA
MAC=00C08B44E50C
JAMAL
MAC=00C08B11C439
SITI
MAC=00C08B477B72
HUB HUBBRIDGE
PORT
A
PORT
B
Jadual Bridge
PORT
A
PORT
B
00C08B44E50C
00C08BBE0052
Frame Transmission
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BridgesCont
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(VI) Routers
Multi-port device that makes decisions on how to
manage the contents of the frame, based onprotocol and network address. (Peranti multi-port yang membuatkeputusan terhadap bagaimana hendak menguruskan kandungan frame, berdasar kepada protokol dan
alamat rangkaian)
Routers route the data between two logically and
physically different networks. (Router menghubungkan data antara duarangkaian berbeza)
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RoutersCont
Unlike Switches and Bridges, which use hardware
configured MAC address to determine the
destination of the data, router uses logical network
address such as IP address to make the decision in
determining the destination of the data. (Tidak seperti Switchdan bridge, yang menggunakan alamat MAC sebagai penentu kepada destinasi bagi data, routermenggunakan alamat rangkaian iaitu alamat IP untuk membuat keputusan dalam menentukan destinasi
penghantaran data)
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RoutersCont
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(e) Gateways
Used to connect a computer network with one or more
computer networks that use a different communications
protocols so that information from a computer network canbe given to other computer networks that have a different
protocol. (digunakan untuk menghubungkan satu jaringan komputer dengan satu atau lebihjaringan komputer yang menggunakan protokol komunikasi yang berbeza sehingga informasi dari satu
jaringan computer dapat diberikan kepada jaringan komputer lain yang mempunyai protokol berbeza)
A gateway performs the function of translating the
data from one format to another format without
changing the data itself. (gateway melakukan fungsi menterjemah data dari satuformat ke format lain tanpa mengubah data itu sendiri)
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GatewaysCont
A gateway can be a device, system, software. (gatewayboleh jadi atau mungkin peranti, sistem, perisian)
Router acts as a gateway e.g a router that routes the
data from a IPX network to a IP network is
technically a gateway. (Router bertindak sebagai gateway contohnya router yangmenjadi laluan data dari rangkaian IPX kepada rangkaian IP)
Switch acts as a gateway e.g translational switch
converts from a Ethernet network to a token ringnetwork. (Switch bertindak sebagai gateway contohnyanya terjemahan switch dengan menukardari rangkaian Ethernet kepada rangkaian token ring)
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Build simple peer-to-peer network
using TIA/EIA-568-A or TIA/EIA-568-B
wiring standard.
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Build simple LAN using two hosts and a
switch.
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Build network drive to share a file.
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Assemble and configure a network
printer in a simple LAN.