eco-innovation & future actions with oecd · · 2016-03-29eco-innovation & future actions...
TRANSCRIPT
Eco-innovation &
Future Actions with OECD
2007, June 22 Director, R&D Div., METI/Japan
Yuko Yasunaga, Ph.D.@OECD workshop on Sustainable Manufacturing
Production and Competitiveness / Copenhagen
<Contents>
1. Why do we discuss “Eco-innovation” ?2. What is “Eco-innovation” ?3. Current Situation surrounding “Eco-innovation”4. Technologies/ Business-models/ Institutional
Scheme for “Eco-innovation”~Case Studies from Japan’s Experiences~
5. Related Questions6. Future Actions with OECD (for discussion)
1. Why do we discuss “Eco-innovation” ?
○ Emerging constraints:
- Environment (CO2,Hazardous wastes,···)
- Energy (Peak-out of Oil / Gas, BRICs consumptions.)
- Resource (Rare metals, Rare earth)
○ Critical importance for the whole picture of “new ”
society and “new” industries.
Need a novel growth model in the 21st. Century
2. What is “Eco-innovation” ? (1)
○ “Create” environment / energy / resource rather than “consume” those
Sustainable industrial structure / technologySustainable social infrastructureSustainable life-style
Technology / Business model / Institutional framework
○ Need a long-term and global viewpoint (need a paradigm change)
○ Dimensions and approach« 3 dimensions »
« Comprehensive approach »
《Technology side》
- Decrease Fossil Fuel Dependence /CO2 Emission Apply Non-carbon Input for EnergyApply Non-fossil Carbon Input for chemicals
- Decrease Critical Element (Rare-metal, Rare-earth, etc.) Consumption and Develop Manufacturing Technologies with Ubiquitous Resources
- New Manufacturing Process out of High-temperature / High- pressure / Large-scale process
- Cyclic Eco-friendly Production Complex - “Small Factory”
(Small products from small production facility)- On-demand/Reconfigurable/No-warm-up Production- Biomimetic Technology- Energy/Resource Conserving Infrastructure
(IT network, Electric Power Generation/Grid, Transportation)
2. What is “Eco-innovation” ? (2)
Industry Society/City Infrastructure Life-styleManufacturing service Energy Supply City/Transportation Home Office
Technology
Biz-model
InstitutionalSystem
Sustainable Industry Structure
Sustainable Manufacturing
Green Servicizing
“Small Factory”
Gov’t Support for Market Penetration
Cyclic resource use
Sustainable Social Infrastructure
Superconductivity Elec.Transmission
Renewable Energy EVFCV
Modal shift
Comprehensive energy biz
Sustainable Life style
SOHO/tele-work
3D-VR
Energy-dependent Housing
Community-Scale Fuel Cells
Auto leasing /sharing
Sustainable Town Building
Civil Engineering with Cyclic Resource Utilization
Ultra long life housing
Localized supply/consumption
HydrogenFueling Station
“Compact City”
Sustainable Office Supply
No Commuting
Personal-contract base office work
2. What is “Eco-innovation” ? (3)
“eco-innovation”
Environment-centric Human-centric
Biz Model
Specific
Comprehensive
Social/public Personal
bio-mass
Social System
Sustainable society
R&D
“Low Carbon Society”
ergonomics/human-inspired engineering
Energy conservation
secured life
International Penetration/cooperation
Trans-por-tation
manufacturing
service industry
TechnologyRenewable Energy
2. What is “Eco-innovation” ? (4) - Wider Concept
Industry / Society of 21st.Century
Sustainable Industry Sustainable Society Sustainable Life
●Biomass-based Chemical Industry/Green Chemistry
●” Small Factory ”
●”Eco-Friendly-Complex”
● Bio-mimetics
<Transportation>
●Sustainable Energy Supply System<Energy>
<Home>
<Office>
<Industrial Sectors>
<IT>Environment-friendly IT Infrastructure
(NGN, Low power device, Low power display, etc. )
2. What is “Eco-innovation” ? (5)
●High-tech Industry with Ubiquitous Elements
Renewable, Nuclear, Hydrogen, Superconductivity, etc.
FCV / EV, energy- saving ITS, new road infrastructure
●Environment-friendly Transportation System
●Low Energy Consumption andLong-life Housing
●Energy / Resource Saving Office
3. Current Situation Surrounding “Eco-innovation”
○ Very Weak Linkage between Science/Technology/Business !
Technology (Corporate Lab.)
Science (Univ.)
(Biz Unit)
Potential
Market
Weak Signal
Business Weak Signal
(Almost) Only “Kaizen” & “Combination and Optimization” Type Development
(Almost) No Basic Research by Industry
(Almost) No Interdisciplinary Research Effort between Different Fields
Smaller Biz than Expected
Weak Linkage between Science & Technology
Chemistry
Biology
Physics
Energy Scie
nce
Weak linkage
(1)Technologies for Sustainable Industrial Structure
(1)Indium(In)
Used in Flat Panel Display as Transparent Electrode
(2)Tungsten(W)
Used in Super-hard
Manufacturing Tool
Substitution (ZnO,etc.),Conservation with Nano-level Thin Film
Flat Panel TV
Substitution
( Ti-based Alloy, etc.)
<New Manufacturing with Ubiquitous Resources>
Large-scale production in large
facilityMicro-reactor &
continuous process
Small Chip Micro Reactor
<Table – Top Chemical Factory>
Stacked Micro-reactor
4. Technologies / Business-models/ Institutional Scheme for “Eco-innovation”
(2)Biz Model for Sustainable Industrial Structure
Panassonic’s “Light Service” Biz: contract only providing ” light”, with light bulb owned by Panassonic
●Automobile Shredder Residual
●PCB from Appliances Appliances
(contents)Cu 2~10%Au 0.3~0.7g/tAg 0.3~0.7g/tPb 0.2~0.5%
input 44,400t/yr
Cu 1,780t/yr
Au 22kg/yr
Ag 440kg/yr
Pb 180t/yr
●milling
●de-chlorization
Steam Factory
Reduction in Heavy Oil Consumption (5,000kl/yr)
<Metal Smelter as a Recycle Plant>
Metal Recovery
processing
metal recovery furnace
4. Technologies / Business-models/ Institutional Scheme for “Eco-innovation”
(3)Sustainable Social Infrastructure in a “Compact City”
Renewable Electricity Generation and
Superconductivity Transmission Line
Local Heat/Electricity Supply from
Production Facility to City Infrastructure
Local Water Recycle electricity
heat
water
biomass fuel
Local supply of Biomass Fuel
material recycle
Waste–fuelled power plant
4. Technologies / Business-models/ Institutional Scheme for “Eco-innovation”
5. Related Questions (1)
○Relationship between “number ,price & function of product ”
and “size of production process” needs “rebalancing”?
《Example》
·Why MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanics System), logic-LSI and memory LSI are produced with the “same”
production technology ?
·We need the optimal production technology for
“variable quantity - many kinds ” products.
Total production cost
amount of production
MEMS
Variable Cost(Logic-LSI)
Variable Cost(MEMS)
Fixed Cost(MEMS)
Variable Cost(Memory LSI)
Memory-LSIlogic-LSI
5. Related Questions (1) ~illustration~
Fixed Cost(Memory-LSI)
Fixed Cost(Logic-LSI)
5. Related Questions (2)
○ Question of “how to realize the optimized
society ” is interpreted as the question of
“how to overcome lock-in associated with
“legacy” economic / technological regime
(as initial / boundary conditions) ” ?
5. Related Questions (3)
○Total optimization approach (NOT partial) requires
various methodologies for:
1) treating different time-horizon issues simultaneously (both
technologically and socio-economically)
2) solving many equations with many variables and historically-
cohesive initial / boundary conditions
3) creating solutions varied with each economy’s economic /
environmental / cultural reality (sector approach)
4) harmonizing political / economic / ethical requirement
6. Future Action with OECD
○ Learn more from member countries’ best practices and find implications to each member country’s industrial / governmental / consumer sectors
○ Involve more industrial sectors and academia to discuss “sustainability indicators” and methodologies to incorporate dynamic factors, such as R&D
○ Discuss each member country’s policy / technology roadmap
The resonance of science and technology
The integration of technology and
management
Business/Manufacturing
Corporate Biz. Div.
Technology
Corporate R&D Section
Science
University / Public Research Org.
○ Hypothetical Model of Industrial Innovation
Science
Technology
Business/Manufacturing
(Reference 1)
○ Sector Analysis (1) ~ drug discovery , medical equipment
Mechanical engineering
Electronics
Material engineering
Applied physics
⑨ regulation (Pharmaceutical Affairs Law)
⑧Cross-sectional understanding between equioment and medicine ?
⑬iSufficient ntra-governmental collaborations ?
Chemistry, Material Medicine
Technology
Busi-ness
Market
Wall
Clinical
Fundamental
①Sufficient “cross-cutting”researcher ?
② Deepest river / highest wall ?How to deepen pathology / system biology ?
③Divided?
⑤ Sufficient researchers at the cutting-edge biotechnology?
⑦Hesitation to new technologies ?
⑩ insurance score
⑪IPO as an Exit forstart-ups ?
⑫Aging society and insurance can be saved with biotechnology ?
⑥ Can compete withoverseas megacompanies ?
MEXT MHLW
METI
MechatronicsAnalysis Equipment
Electronic Devices
④Sufficient researcher’s inflow from nanotech, IT, physics, etc.?
Chemistry
(med
icine
)
medica
l scie
nce
(pha
rmac
y)
phar
macy
(agr
icultu
re)
agric
ultur
al bio
logy
(Scie
nce)
bio
logy (Eng
ineer
ing)
fermen
tation
engin
eerin
g
Science
(Reference 2)
S
T
B/M
Brain Science
AI software
Market
Industrial robots
Consumer Electronics
Automobiles, ITS
Service robot Mach
anics
②Include brain science?
robots for the special environment
Electronic
s
Control The
ory
Machine
Sensor
Control
④Sufficient overlaps and bi-directional flows?
①Hogh wall between different areas ?
Artificial Intelligence
③Sufficient research activities?
Ergonomics
⑤Sufficient consideration on safety ? (insurance, guideline, and gathering system of accident information)
⑥Unique biz-model / profitable value creation ?⑦Suitable robot applied for specified use ?⑧Balance between function and cost ? ・ The next generation industrial robot
・ Business/home-use Robot ・ RT in consumer electronic/automobile/house)
○ Sector Analysis (2) ~ robot
(Reference 3)
②Sufficient multi-disciplinary researches ?
S
T
B/M
⑦Intra-company silo among researcher/engineers ?
① “Silo” sectionalism ? Comfortable but not aggressive
⑨Equal partnership established between company-company collaborations ?Smooth interaction ?
⑧Long and winding innovation path?
⑤Sufficient multi-disciplinary collaborations between academia and industry ?
⑥Can device manufacturer / system integrator properly lead direction ofmaterial technology ?
⑫Current strength continuing ?
④Does university research hit the critical industry challenge?
⑩ Can compete with foreign giant?
⑬How the resource / energy constraints affect the future chemical industry structure ?
⑪No wall among different business sectors?
③π- type researchers?
○ Sector Analysis (3) ~ functional chemicals
(Reference 4)
S
T
B/M
④Sufficient resource for core technology for the next generation ?
①Human resource with sufficient bases of physics/chemistry/mathematics ?
④Even after NTT privatization, sufficient semiconductor basic research at universities ?
③Sufficient basic research for the age of “beyond Si-CMOS” ? (10~15 years later)
⑤Competitive design power ?
⑥Challenging multi-disciplinary research between semiconductor and nanotechnology/ biotechnology/robotics?
⑦Proper strategy for intellectual property rights ?
⑧”Do-all-by-itself” but self-distrust ?
⑨Now’s the time forrestructuring the value chain ? Chance or crisis ?
⑩Still “try-and-error” type of operation at fabrication process development?
⑪Proper business environment to foster start-ups to facilitatedisruptive innovation?⑫Sufficient investment for R&D and
manufacturing capacity under thesituation of lowering market share?
⑬Strategic market segmentation and suitable business model?
○ Sector Analysis (4) ~ semiconductor, electronics
(Reference 5)