ECOCITY 2008

ECO-FRAMEWORKS FORLONG-TERM SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT

CITY OF THE FUTURE

STEPHEN ENGBLOM

Ecologically Engineering a Global Urban Region

— Capital of the Pacific Age —

Los Angeles 2106…like my only friend Is the city I live in the city of angel – Red Hot Chili Peppers

veimages.gsfc.nasa.gov/2574/PIA03348_lrg.jpg

People who will not sustain trees will soon live in a world that will not sustain people.– Bryce Nelson

— The City in the Forest —

Atlanta 2106

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18.5 inch rainfall deficit

IN 2007, Atlanta faced the second driest year on record

Atlanta received 31.5 inches of rainfallAverage yearly rainfall is 50 inches

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Beneath our Feet – Atlanta’s first Underworld

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1880s Construction of Atlanta’s first sewer system initiated by walling over existing streams – a combined sanitary and storm sewer is designed with cost cited as a major factor

1908 1958 2008

By 1895 58 miles of sanitary and combined sewers exist in an area roughly 10 square miles

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Atlanta’s neglected sewer infrastructure, is at the center of several lawsuits filed against the City of Atlanta for failing to meet clean water standards

1995

1908 1958 2008

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The City of Atlanta signs a Federal Consent Decree,committing the City to an accelerated program of activities designed to improve water quality in metro Atlanta streams and the Chattahoochee and South Rivers. Overall improvements to the Cities underground infrastructure are estimated to cost 3.9 BILLION dollars

1998

1908 1958 2008

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Combined Sewer Overflow (CSO) Tunnels, are under construction or completed in two primary watersheds to alleviate storm water quality issues during rain events.

2007

1908 1958 2008

Over 2,000 miles of sanitary and combined sewers exist in an area roughly 19 square miles

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2008 2058 2108

Who are we? In 2008 REPLACEMENT ERA OR RESTORATIVE ERA

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Water is brought to the surface…

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The forest comes backto the city…

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Stormwater runoff reduction of 20% at a value of $1.7 billion

Increasing tree cover from 29%(current) to 40% in Atlanta would have the following effect:

(source: American Forests 2001 regional ecosystem analysis of the Atlanta metro)

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Existing infrastructure finds new uses…

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People gather at the ridges…

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The forest links the larger region…

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2108 - The City in the Forest

Atlanta is the first restorative city. Nature is the model for city form and infrastructure. The City lives on the rain that falls on its land. All its energy is from the sun and wind. A web of transit connects all people. Life is in balance.

2108

WATER SENSITIVE CITY

DR. TONY WONG

1. Building flexibility & adaptability in water sources

» “Cities as water supply catchments”

2. Improving water quality and ecosystem health of urban aquatic environment

3. Building social and institutional capital (ie. community receptivity, professional capacity, creating a smart community)

A WATER SENSITIVE CITY

1. Building flexibility & adaptability in water sources

» “Cities as water supply catchments”

A WATER SENSITIVE CITY

NEWaterNEWater

USE

Potable water supply and treatment plant

Discharge

Hot water system

Shower / bathroom taps

Clothes washing

Toilet flushing

Garden irrigation

Built environment

Natural environment

Natural environment

Built environment

Kitchen

MINIMISE

MINIMISE

REUSESewerage treatment

plant (STP)

PROTECT & ENHANCE ENVIRONMENT

STORAGE & REUSE

Stormwater

treatment

Train????

DesalinationDesalination

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0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100Rainfall (mm/week)

Run

off (

mm

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k)

Higher surface temperatures will result in drier catchments and lower runoff – catchment yield likely to diminish

RUNOFF INTO WARRAGAMBA DAM

0

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0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100Rainfall (mm/week)

Run

off (

mm

/wee

k)

Higher surface temperatures will result in drier catchments and lower runoff – catchment yield likely to diminish

RUNOFF INTO WARRAGAMBA DAM

MARINA MARINA BARRAGEBARRAGE

URBAN STORMWATER HARVESTING MARINA BAY RESERVOIR

1. Building Flexibility & Adaptability in its water sources

» “Cities as water supply catchments”

2. Improving water quality and ecosystem health of urban aquatic environment

A WATER SENSITIVE CITY

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE

Source: Ishida 1993 (AIJ)

» Building social and institutional capital (i.e., community receptivity, professional capacity, creating a smart community)

A SOPHISTICATED CITY

• Community receptive to a ecologically sustainable lifestyle

• Industry skilled at sustainable urban water management

• Government policies underpinnng inter-agency collaboration and public/private engagement

A WATER SENSITIVE CITY

• Linked to broader sustainability policies

• Protection of Marina Bay Reservoir

• Catchment Planning Policy

• Precinct & Regional stormwater management plans

• Performance Targets

• Rating Tool & Compliance Validation

Technology Developmentand Implementation

Building Industry Capacity

Design Guidelines & Standards

Demonstration Projects

Operation & Maintenance

Technical Tours

Regulatory and Administrative Framework

Tertiary Education

Engagement with Other Professionals

Training

Research & Development

Field Experiments &

Monitoring

Local Catchment

characterisation

Singapore Stormwater Quality Research Initiative

SINGAPORE STORMWATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK

INNOVATIVE ENERGY

CLAIRE BONHAM-CARTER

BENEFIT OF THE ECO-GRID FOR ENERGY

ZERO CARBON -- HOME BY HOME?

ZERO CARBON - DISTRICT HEATING / COOLING / POWER

IMPORTANCE OF DENSITY

Occupiers

“We would like to have environmentally efficient

buildings, but there are very few available.”

Investors“We would fund

environmentally efficient buildings, but there is no

demand for them.”

Developers“We would ask for

environmentally efficient buildings, but the investors

won’t pay for them.”

Constructors“We can build

environmentally efficient buildings, but the

developers don’t ask for them.”

HOW DO WE GET THERE?

Occupiers

“We would like to have environmentally efficient

buildings, but there are very few available.”

Investors“We would fund

environmentally efficient buildings, but there is no

demand for them.”

Developers“We would ask for

environmentally efficient buildings, but the investors

won’t pay for them.”

Constructors“We can build

environmentally efficient buildings, but the

developers don’t ask for them.”

PLANNING POLICY

CSR / BRANDINGBUILDING

REGULATIONS

HIGHER FUEL BILLS;

MARKETING/IMAGE

HOW DO WE GET THERE?

UK POLICY AND PLANNING REGULATION

UK: ZERO CARBON DEVELOPMENT BY 2016

“provide a framework … to focus substantial new development …where energy can be gained

from decentralized energy supply systems,

or where there is clear potential …;”

PLANNING AND CLIMATE CHANGE:

SUPPLEMENT TO PLANNING POLICY STATEMENT 1

…utilizing existing decentralised and renewable low-carbon energy supply systems

… supply proposed and existing development

… co-locating potential heat customers and heat suppliers

…expect proposed development to connect to an identified system, or be designed to be able to connect in future

…set specific requirements to facilitate connection

PLANNING AND CLIMATE CHANGE:

SUPPLEMENT TO PLANNING POLICY STATEMENT 1

5000+ homes, hotels, retail,

new aquarium

EXAMPLE: LINKING SITES WITH DISTRICT HEATING NETWORKS

Our site 1000 homes (4.5 acres)

3500 homes

Ten small new towns of 5,000 – 20,000 homes

To achieve zero carbon development and more sustainable living

30-50% affordable housing, mix of uses including schools, retail, business and leisure

Public transit, cycling and pedestrian links

5 to be built by 2016, the rest by 2020

ECO TOWNS

BENEFIT OF THE ECO-GRID FOR ENERGY

SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT

DIANA MENDES

1908 WAS A BIG YEAR

DEVELOPMENT PATTERNS

TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN

TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN

PROCESS IMPROVEMENT

CULTURAL VALUES

?? QUESTIONS ??

ECO-FRAMEWORKS FOR LONG-TERM SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT

STEPHEN ENGBLOM

DR. TONY WONG

LISA FISHER

www.edaw.com

DIANA MENDES

www.dmjmharris.com

CLAIRE BONHAM-CARTER

www.dmjmhn.aecom.com

THANK YOU