SandStudyReport

DocumentNo:EC-2018-SandStudyReport

PreparedBy:FilipStefanovicDate:Saturday,July21,2018

TABLEOFCONTENTS1. EXECUTIVESUMMARY........................................................................................................................32. REPORT.......................................................................................................................................................42.1.General......................................................................................................................................................4

3. RESULTSANDOBSERVATIONS......................................................................................................63.1.Particledensity......................................................................................................................................63.2.Mediangrainsize(D50)....................................................................................................................63.3.Uniformityofsand(Cu=D60/D10)...............................................................................................83.4.Aestheticpropertiesofsand............................................................................................................9

Copyright©2018Ecocoast.Allrightsreserved.Disclaimer:ThisreporthasbeenpreparedbyFilipStefanoviconbehalfofEcocoastContractingLLC.Thereportmaybefreelysharedinitsentiretyandoriginalform,butitmaynotberepublishedorreproducedinanymediumwithouttheexpresswrittenconsentoftheauthororEcocoastContractingLLC.Anycontentwithin the report may be cited in alternative publications, however the content must be explicitlyreferencedtotheauthorandEcocoastContractingLLC.

1. EXECUTIVESUMMARYAhigh level summaryof thestudyresults focusingondifferentparameters, includingarticledensity,grainsizeanduniformityofsand.

SampleNo Samplename Location Beachzone D50[mm] D60[mm] D10[mm] Cu(D60/D10)particledensity[Mg/m3]

001 JBR-D-01 JBRbeach backshore 0.312 0.350 0.162 2.16 2.71002 JBR-D-02 JBRbeach backshore 0.313 0.350 0.163 2.15 2.70003 JBR-W-01 JBRbeach foreshore 0.215 0.250 0.135 1.85 2.68004 JBR-W-02 JBRbeach foreshore 0.340 0.365 0.210 1.74 2.70005 SCB-D-01 Secretbeach backshore 0.340 0.415 0.200 2.08 2.67006 SCB-D-02 Secretbeach backshore 0.362 0.412 0.202 2.04 2.67007 SCB-W-01 Secretbeach foreshore 0.670 0.825 0.300 2.75 2.65008 SCB-W-02 Secretbeach foreshore 0.700 0.847 0.300 2.82 2.69009 JBBAA-D-01 JumeirahbeachneartoBurjalArab backshore 0.410 0.460 0.222 2.07 2.69010 JBBAA-D-02 JumeirahbeachneartoBurjalArab backshore 0.410 0.465 0.210 2.21 2.65011 JBBAA-W-01 JumeirahbeachneartoBurjalArab foreshore 0.432 0.610 0.218 2.80 2.68012 JBBAA-W-02 JumeirahbeachneartoBurjalArab foreshore 0.425 0.625 0.212 2.95 2.64013 JBBFSG-D-01 Jumeirahbeachbet.firstandsecondgroyne backshore 0.275 0.300 0.175 1.71 2.64014 JBBFSG-D-02 Jumeirahbeachbet.firstandsecondgroyne backshore 0.288 0.319 0.185 1.72 2.65015 JBBFSG-W-01 Jumeirahbeachbet.firstandsecondgroyne foreshore 0.375 0.425 0.212 2.00 2.69016 JBBFSG-W-02 Jumeirahbeachbet.firstandsecondgroyne foreshore 0.353 0.378 0.210 1.80 2.70017 KTB-D-01 Kitebeach backshore 0.347 0.403 0.215 1.87 2.64018 KTB-D-02 Kitebeach backshore 0.385 0.410 0.270 1.52 2.62019 KTB-W-01 Kitebeach foreshore 0.700 0.750 0.425 1.76 2.74020 KTB-W-02 Kitebeach foreshore 0.728 0.850 0.350 2.43 2.67021 SSB-D-01 Sunsetbeach backshore 0.265 0.294 0.150 1.96 2.71022 SSB-D-02 Sunsetbeach backshore 0.230 0.255 0.150 1.70 2.66023 SSB-W-01 Sunsetbeach foreshore 0.425 0.550 0.212 2.59 2.65024 SSB-W-02 Sunsetbeach foreshore 0.420 0.505 0.212 2.38 2.61025 OAO-D-01 One&OnlyRoyalMirage backshore 0.225 0.275 0.103 2.67 2.69026 OAO-D-02 One&OnlyRoyalMirage backshore 0.212 0.250 0.106 2.36 2.66027 OAO-W-01 One&OnlyRoyalMirage foreshore 0.378 0.450 0.139 3.24 2.70028 OAO-W-02 One&OnlyRoyalMirage foreshore 0.236 0.287 0.123 2.33 2.64029 VMTP-D-01 ClubVistaMarathePalm backshore 0.238 0.285 0.111 2.57 2.67030 VMTP-D-02 ClubVistaMarathePalm backshore 0.247 0.282 0.128 2.20 2.65031 VMTP-W-01 ClubVistaMarathePalm foreshore 0.250 0.298 0.136 2.19 2.62032 VMTP-W-02 ClubVistaMarathePalm foreshore 0.263 0.300 0.130 2.31 2.64033 BAA-D-01 MadinatJumeirah-BurjalArab backshore 0.222 0.263 0.103 2.55 2.67034 BAA-D-02 MadinatJumeirah-BurjalArab backshore 0.229 0.278 0.112 2.48 2.63035 BAA-W-01 MadinatJumeirah-BurjalArab foreshore 0.225 0.250 0.130 1.92 2.67036 BAA-W-02 MadinatJumeirah-BurjalArab foreshore 0.238 0.273 0.131 2.08 2.68037 LMB-D-01 LaMerbeach backshore 0.475 0.613 0.231 2.65 2.65038 LMB-D-02 LaMerbeach backshore 0.379 0.425 0.207 2.05 2.64039 LMB-W-01 LaMerbeach foreshore 0.288 0.326 0.150 2.17 2.64040 LMB-W-02 LaMerbeach foreshore 0.283 0.320 0.170 1.88 2.69041 BW-D-01 BluewaterIsland backshore 0.448 0.550 0.200 2.75 2.70042 BW-D-02 BluewaterIsland backshore 0.450 0.550 0.187 2.94 2.69043 BW-W-01 BluewaterIsland foreshore 0.555 0.650 0.313 2.08 2.68044 BW-W-02 BluewaterIsland foreshore 0.600 0.612 0.348 1.76 2.67

2. REPORT2.1. GeneralEcocoasthasrecentlyfinishedastudyofbeachsandalongtheDubaicoast.PurposeofthestudyistopresentthedifferenceinsandqualityalongtheDubaicoast,andintroducereaderswith the importance of sand properties used in the beach designing process.Samplingwasdoneon11selectedbeaches.Locationsareshowninthepicturebelow.

Figure1 Locations

Foursamplesweretakenfromeachlocation;twosamplesatthebackshore(aboveHATlevel)andtwosamplesattheforeshore(betweenHATandLAT).Samplesweretestedbya specialized 3rd party laboratory, as per BS 812. This study determines particle sizedistributionandparticledensityofsand.

Figure2 Twosamplesatthebackshoreandtwoattheforeshore

Figure3 MadinatJumeirah,foreshore,sample#2

3. RESULTSANDOBSERVATIONS3.1. Particledensity

Particle density is themass per unit volume of amaterial, and it is a function of itscomposition.Incoastalengineering,knowledgeofthesedimentcompositionisnotthatimportant,butitiscloselyrelatedtoimportantparameters,suchassedimentdensityandfallvelocity.Usually,designersuseadensityhigherthan2.65g/cm3,whichrepresentsdensity of the most commonmineral in sand – quartz1. Density of sand is inverselyproportionaltosedimenttransport.2

Figure4 Particledensity-Backshore

Figure5 Particledensity-Foreshore

• Allsampleshaveaparticledensityhigherthan2.6g/cm3.3

3.2. Mediangrainsize(D50)D50 represents the diameter from which 50% of the grains are finer by mass. D50numberplaysanimportantroleinthedesigningprocess.Sedimentgrainsizeisinverselyproportionaltosedimenttransport(thecoarserthesand,theharderitistobewashedawayandviceversa).Sandcanbecategorizedas:

• 0.125mm<D50<0.25mm–Finesand• 0.25mm<D50<0.30mm• 0.30mm<D50<0.40mm Mediumsand• 0.40mm<D50<0.50mm• 0.50mm<D50<1.00mm–Coarsesand4

Observationsandresultsarefollowing:

• Noneofthesamplestakenatthebackshorecanbeclassifiedascoarsesand.• AllsampleshaveD50>0.21mm.Beacheswiththefinestsandare:Beachinfront

oftheOne&OnlyRoyalMirage,MadinatJumeirahandSunsetbeach.1CoastalSedimentProperties-DavidB.King,Ph.D.,CoastalandHydraulicsLaboratory(CHL),EngineerResearchandDevelopmentCenter,VicksburgandCyrilJ.Galvin,CoastalEngineer,Springfield,Virginia.2CoastalSediments-OrsonP.Smith,PE,Ph.D.3Chemicalanalysiswasnotpartofthisstudy.4QuantitativeStudyonBeach-FaceSlopeBasedonFieldandLaboratoryExperiments-ZhengtongYang,Zai-jinYou,CollegeofCivilEngineering,LudongUniversityYantai,ShandongProvince,China.

• SamplestakenatthebackshorewithD50>0.4mmare:BluewatersIsland,LaMerbeach5andJumeirahbeachnearBurjAlArab.

• Note:Oneofthereasonswhybigescarpments(morethen40cm)wereobservedonMadinatJumeirahbeachandwhysalientisbeingformedsofast,isfinesandfollowedbyseverewaveconditions.

Figure6 D50number–Backshore

• Ingeneral,samplestakenattheforeshorehavecoarsersandcomparedtosamplesatthebackshore.

• Ontenoutofelevenbeaches,D50numberisbiggerattheforeshore(betweenHATandLAT).Reasonishigherpresenceofshellsinthisareaandlackoffineparticlesthat are washed away during constant action of the water. Former is alsoconfirmedbyvisualinspectionofthesamples.

Figure7 D50number–Foreshore

5SandonBluewatersIslandandLaMerbeachwasdredgedoffshore.

3.3. Uniformityofsand(Cu=D60/D10)Cucoefficientrepresentstheuniformityofsand.Forbeaches,itisimportanttohavewell-sortedsand,whichmeansparticleswithsimilardimensions–withouthugediversityinsizeofparticles.Usually,Cuisrecommendedtobelessthan2orbetween2and3.Therequirementofwell-sortedsandwithminimumcontentof finesandorganicmatter isespeciallyimportantforartificialbeachesbuiltatprotectedlocations.Theproblemisthatgradedsandwithsomecontentoffineswillhaveaverylowpermeability,whichmeansthatthebeachwilldrainslowlyatfallingtide.Thisimpliesthatthebeachwillbewetatalltimesandhaveatendencytobeswampy,andtherebyunpleasanttowalkon.6Observationsandresultsarefollowing7:

• Samplestakenatthebackshoreshowedconsistencyinresults.SamplesfromthesamebeachhaveaboutthesameCu.ThemostuniformsandwasobservedonKitebeach,SunsetbeachandJumeirahbeachbetween1stand2ndgroyne.

Figure8 Cucoefficient-Backshore

• Samplestakenattheforeshorealsoshowedconsistencyapartofthebeachinfrontof theOne&OnlyRoyalMirage,which showeddifference inCu coefficient (onesampleshowedhigherpercentageofbiggerparticlesbutalsobiggerpercentageofsmallparticleswhichmakesthissamplepoorlysortedcomparedtoothers).

Figure9 Cucoefficient–Foreshore

6Generalguidelinesforgoodqualityartificialbeachesandlagoons-K.Mangor,ChiefEngineerCoastalEngineering&Environment,DHI,Hørsholm,Denmark.7Note:Allparticlesbiggerthan5mmwereremovedfromsamplesbeforetesting.

• Beaches with fine sand and Cu coefficient near 3 might have problems withturbidityinthewaterbecauseofahigherpercentageoffineparticles.Examplesofsuchbeachesare:One&OnlyRoyalMirage,MadinatJumeirah,ClubVistaMare.8

• Samplesattheforeshorehavesmallerpercentageoffineparticlesandalsobiggerpercentageofcoarserparticles,becauseofconstantactiononthewater,whichwashesawayfinegrains.9ThiswasobservedonallbeachesapartofLaMerbeach.

3.4. AestheticpropertiesofsandBeach sand should have a pleasant lookwith nice color (white, off-white, light grey,yellow/golden,reddish,etc.).Sandshallbefreeofconstructiondebris,asphalt,gravel,rocks,clayballs,sharpobjects,etc.Samplesshowedavarietyofcolors.

Off-whitecolor

Figure10 One&OnlyRoyalMirage

Figure11 MadinatJumeirah

Lightgreycolor

Figure12 LaMerbeach

Figure13 ClubVistaMarethePalm

8BeachinfrontofClubVistaMareislocatedonthePalmJumeirah.Waveactionisalmostnegligible.9Cucoefficientdependsonboth,D60andD10.

Figure14 Secretbeach

Figure15 Sunsetbeach

Yellow/goldencolor

Figure16 JBRbeach Figure17 JBbeachbetween1stand2ndgroyne

Figure18 JBbeachneartoBAA Figure19 Kitebeach

Reddishcolor

Figure20 BluewatersIsland