ecological engineering: a way to integrate urban drainage, resource-based sanitation, biogas and...
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By Jean Lacoursiere and Lena Vought, Kristianstad University, SwedenPresented at the Mekong Forum on Water, Food and EnergyPhnom Penh, CambodiaDecember 7-9, 2011Session 2a: Water engineeringTRANSCRIPT
Jean O. Lacoursière & Lena B.-M. Vought
Man & Biosphere Health research groupKristianstad University, Sweden
“ EcoWarrior… or sound economical investment of a developing economy”
Ecological Engineering: a way to integrate urban drainage, resource-based sanitation, biogas and food security
Ecological Engineering: a way to integrate urban drainage, resource-based sanitation, biogas and food security
Jean O. Lacoursière & Lena B.-M. Vought
Man & Biosphere Health research groupKristianstad University, Sweden
1) illustrate the problem(s)… lessons learned2) bring-in the Nexus (Bonn Conference, 16-18 Nov. 2011)
3) highlight opportunities for cross-sectorial solutions
KristianstadUniversitySweden
Jean O. Lacoursière & Lena B.-M. Vought
Man & Biosphere Health research groupKristianstad University, Sweden
“the application of ecological and engineering principles in developing solutions that integrate human society with its natural environment for the benefit of both” (Mitsch 1996)
Ecological Engineering: a way to integrate urban drainage, resource-based sanitation, biogas and food security
1) illustrate the problem(s)… lessons learned2) bring-in the Nexus (Bonn Conference, 16-18 Nov. 2011)
3) highlight opportunities for cross-sectorial solutions
KristianstadUniversitySweden
1) illustrate the problem(s): urban drainage and water resources protection… e.g. Vientiane Capital City (Lao PDR)
KristianstadUniversitySweden
Lao team used urban wetlands as training sites…
February 1990, initiation of “Wetland Units” in Lao PDR, Vietnam and Thailand (Interim Mekong Committee)…
so we have been able to follow the changes since then.
from 1999… Flood-protection = drainage network channelized(no plants no sediment)
but before, aquatic plants + sediment =natural water treatment
Hong Thong channel to Nong Chan,Vientiane (Lao PDR) 1990 2009
KristianstadUniversitySweden
1) illustrate the problem(s): urban drainage and water resources protection… e.g. Vientiane Capital City (Lao PDR)
Th
at L
uan
g w
etla
nd
KristianstadUniversitySweden That Luang Marsh – Houay Mak Hiao River system
(ca. 54 km to Mekong River)
How far has the urban pollution reached (length of impact zone) ?
“where aquatic ecosystem recovers from pollution“
Impact Zone end (ca. 18km)
ca. 30% of distance to Mekong River
0 5 10 kmmassive lost of “natural filtration capacity” (aquatic plants, sediment and long transit time)
drop in efficiency of sewage site treatment(septic thanks, soak pits, etc…)
KristianstadUniversitySweden
1) illustrate the problem(s) … cross-sectorial challenges
FoodSecurity
Natural Resources & Environment
Public Work
Agriculture
water supply & sanitation
stormwater & flood protection
…
water quality biodiversity &
habitat …
mineral fertilizer
supply
Climate Changes
safe food soil …
“my solution within my responsibility area”
approach“extremes”
waterscarcity
Phosphorous-peak
WASTE AS A RESOURCE… in multi-use systems
Cross-sectoral management can boost overall resource use efficiency;
In multi-use systems in particular, waste and by-products can be turned into a resource for other products and services, e.g. in green agriculture, wastewater energy integration or multi-use reservoirs.
KristianstadUniversitySweden
2) bring-in the Nexus www.water-energy-food.org
For the Mekong Region ?
KristianstadUniversitySweden
3) highlight opportunities… strategic (multi-goals) development
Natural Resources & Environment
Public Work
Climate Changes
BIOGAS
Energy
city busses / garbage trucks 0
25
50
75
100
125
150
global mineralfertilizer
consumption
global fertilizerequivalent inwastewater
15 billion USD organic fertilizer &
soil conditioning
FoodSecurity
Consumption million tons
septic tanks/DEWATS sludge
reduced risk
“your problem is my solution / my problem
is your solution” approach
Agriculture
safe & “steady” water supply (reuse)
part of the GREEN ECONOMY…
Cleaner water: Irrigation Fishing Biodiversity
Food: Nutrients Soil conditioner
Energy: Biogas
Channels Wetlands Septic tanks / DEWATS
Urine separation –P recycling
Water Sensitive Urban Drainage System(WSUDs)
“the application of ecological and engineering principles in developing solutions that integrate human society with its natural environment for the benefit of both” (Mitsch 1996)
Ecological Engineering: a way to integrate urban drainage, resource-based sanitation, biogas and food security
KristianstadUniversitySweden
“ EcoWarrior ?… or sound economical investment of a strategically developing green economy ?”
For the Mekong Region ?
“the application of ecological and engineering principles in developing solutions that integrate human society with its natural environment for the benefit of both” (Mitsch 1996)