ecology part ii r & k strategists symbiosis. r-strategists many species of life that can...

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Ecology Part II r & K Strategists Symbiosis

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Ecology Part II

•r & K Strategists•Symbiosis

r-StrategistsMany species of life that can

reproduce rapidly under ideal conditions are called r-strategists. Included are species like bacteria, insects, some plants, protozoa,

Characteristics of this group include, production of many offspring, little if any parental care, and rapid maturity.

K-strategistsMany species are much slower

growing and tend to live long successful lives with low mortality are called K-strategists.

They tend to produce much fewer offspring, population density is low and typically the populations are at or near carrying capacity.

Most provide extensive parental support to the young which helps in successful offspring.

Examples include Bears, Whales, Gorillas, Elephants, Bald Eagles and Humans.

Many of these species are on endangered species lists because if threatened, it may take many years to grow the population back. (ex. Bald eagles and DDT)

Generalizations-Populations can be K-selected (equilibrium populations) or r-selected (opportunistic populations)

Characteristic r-selected K-selected

populations populations

-Maturation time short long

-Lifespan short long

-Population boom-and-bust growth curve

-Death rate high low

in young

-Investment of

time in offspring none some

Characteristic r-selected K-selected populations

populations

-Number of offspring many few

-# reproductions per lifetime oneseveral

-Timing of first reproduction early in life late in life

-Habitat` unstablestable

Symbiosis are two organisms living and interacting together.

Types

1. Mutualism-Both species benefit .

2. Commensalism-One species benefits and the other is neither harmed or benefits.

3. Parasitism-One species benefits and the other is harmed.

Commensalism

Biological NicheThe role in which an organism

plays within its Ecosystem.Examples include, Predator,

Producer, Insect Eater, Bottom Feeder, Tree Dweller, Consumer. In short it, is the organisms job and position in the place where it lives.

Species often compete for the same Niche or sometimes a Niche may be unoccupied.