economic activity and energy revision guide

8/18/2019 Economic Activity and Energy Revision Guide

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IGCSE GeographySection BHuman Geography

Topic 4:Economic Activity andEnergy



Section B – People and theirEnvironment

Topic 4: Economic Activity and Energy

!hat you need to "no#:$% Economic Activitie and Sector

&%Change over time and pace'%In(ormal Employment4%The gro#th and location o( tertiary

and )uaternary activitie

*%The changing location o(manu(acturing+%,iing energy demand and the energy

gap-%The need (or energy e((iciency.%,ene#a/le v% non0rene#a/le energy



2. Changes over space and time

ver time5 the relative importance o( the tage change over time% The graphelo# ho# thi:

round the diagram5 annotate the characteritic o( the di((erent changeer time 1P2'3%

e(ine the (ollo#ing term in the /o;e /elo#:

Sector hi(t 7evelopmentpath#ay

7ipoa/le income

Indutrialiation G7P <IC8=IC8HIC



CaseStudy:ChangesoverSpaceSector

Shiftsin3Countries

UK !ost"industrial

China #apid $ndustrialisation

Ethiopia " %$C



3. $nformal Employment

n the /o; /elo#5 de(ine the term >in(ormal ector?: 1P2-3

!hy doe the in(ormal employment All o( thee are e;ample o(

ector e;it@ in(ormal o/:

n the /o; /elo#5 lit ome o( the iue 1pro/lem3 aociated #ith in(ormalmployment% Categorie them a ocial and economic 1or /oth3 1P223:

People ee" alternative employment in(ormal ector

A a reult5 people are employed (orlong hour at lo# #age along #ith high

unemployment

=ore people move to the ur/an areathan there are o/ underemployment

High rate o( rural to ur/an migration Sellingmatche 8hoe lace

Shoehining

,u//ihcollecting 8cavenging

/ottle!ate

recycling

7rugdealing 8

protitution

Social Economic Socio"economic &'oth(



*he gro+th and location of tertiary and ,uaternary activities

oving along the development path#ay mean that countrie are a/le to:

A((ord /etter ocial ervice 1chool5 medical centre5 hopital5 li/rarie

People earn more money meaning they can a((ord the /aic 1(ood5 clothing3

People have money le(t a(ter the /aic – dipoa/le income – to pend onholiday and conumer good%

Technologie mean that people have di((erent entertainment need%

ountrie uch a the D and Germany #ith ageing population have a trongemand (or tertiary and )uaternary activitie% The pending po#er o( over +*ntri/ute trongly to the economy%

(eature o( HIC citie i >decentraliation?% Thi mean that economic

tivitie are increaingly (ound on the rural8ur/an (ringe% In the /o; /elo#5ecri/e the activitie that might /e (ound on the rural ur/an (ringe 1P$6$3% Inddition5 remem/er that not all tertiary activitie are (ound in ur/an area 1e%gurim3



. *he Changing %ocation of anufacturing

n the /o;e /elo#5 de(ine thee "ey term:

he maority o( the #orld? manu(acturing i concentrated in a mall num/er o(untrie – *6 o( the #orld? manu(acturing occur in three: the SA5 Chinad Fapan%

he Glo/al Shi(t ha meant that manu(acturing ha hi(ted (rom HIC to <ICthi i (or a variety o( reaon 0 not ut cheapne In the diagram /elo#5notate the reaon (or the glo/al hi(t 1P$643

Glo/al Shi(t =anu(acturing T9C

,eaon (orthe glo/alhi(t in

manu(acturing

T9C1TrannationalCorporation3

Energy

Government

9e# /rancheo(

manu(acturing

Communication

Tranport



CaseStudy:*

he.)Corridor

%ocationof/igh*ech$ndustry

: n t h i i d e 5 d e c r i / e t h e ( e a t u r e o ( t h e

= 4 c o r r i d o r – / r i e ( h i t o r y

5 t y p e o (

i n d u t r i e 5 n a m e o ( c o m p a

n i e % 1 P $ 6 4 3

: n t h i i d e 5 e ; p l a i n t h e ( a c t o r t h a t h

a v e l e a d t o t h e

c o n c e n t r a t i o n o ( h i g h t e c h i n d u t r i e i n

t h e a r e a 1 P $ 6 * 3 %



. #ising emand for Energy and the Energy ap

n the /o;e /elo#5 de(ine the (ollo#ing energy "ey term 1P$6+3:

nergy demand i ut that – ho# much energy i re)uired /y the glo/alopulation% Energy demand i contantly riing% In the /o; /elo#5 lit ome o(e reaon #hy energy demand and conumption are riing 1P$6+8-3:

n the map /elo#5 annotate the area #here energy i produced5 and #hatpe are produced there 1P$6- o#n reearch3%

Primary Energy Secondary Energy ,ene#a/le Energy

9on0,ene#a/le Sutaina/le energy Energy conumption

=iddle Eat – ilproduction



. #ising emand for Energy and the Energy ap 2

n the /o; /elo#5 de(ine the term Energy Gap 1P$6.3:

any European countrie have energy gap% Thi i /ecaue energy i #idelyaded among the di((erent countrie% The import and e;port o( energyncluding electricity and ga3 can provide a /ig income (or the countrie;porting energy% or e;ample5 Germany import a lot o( it electricity (romrance%

nnotate the diagram /elo# to e;plain #hy Germany ha an energy gap%ranlate the energy type i( you need to:

Energy Gap



. *he need for energy efficiency

n the diagram /elo#5 decri/e and e;plain the di((erent method o(creaing energy e((iciency% Categorie your idea a either local5 national oro/al:

Case Study: *he Energy Situation in the UKll out the ta/le /elo# loo"ing at ho# energy upply5 demand and conumptio

a changed over time in the (uture5 and #hat prediction have /een mad$628$63

=ethodto improve

energye((iciency

Pat Energy Policie: Preent Energy Policie: uture Energy Policie:



. #ene+a'le vs. 5on"#ene+a'le sources of Energyn the /o; /elo#5 ummarie t+o ource o( non"rene+a'le energy% Includeatu5 decription5 main producer5 ue and advantage8diadvantage 1P$$63:

n the /o; /elo#5 ummarie t+o ource o( rene+a'le energy 1P$$&3:

or /oth rene#a/le and non0rene#a/le5 you need to #eigh up the advantaged diadvantage o( their ue% n the eea# /elo#5 lit the advantage andadvantage o( /oth rene#a/le and non rene#a/le 1P$$60$$&3:

,ene#a/le 9on0rene#a/le ,ene#a/le 9on0rene#a/l

economic activity and energy revision guide

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