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CWR 128/2018 58

The sixth edition of the publication “World production and consumption of ceramic tiles” produced by the Acimac Re-search Department is due to be released in October. Consisting of 260 pages of charts, tables and commentary, it provides detailed analysis of the ten-year trends up to 2017 in industry, markets, per capita consumption and ex-port flows in large geographic regions and in the 76 larg-est tile producer, consumer, exporter and importer coun-tries. Here we present a preview of the key figures.

Luca Baraldi - Acimac Research Dept. ([email protected])

le di piastrelle è salita a 13.552 milioni mq, +2,2% sul 2016. In Asia la produ-zione è passata da 9.358 a 9.438 milioni mq (+0,9% sul 2016), pari al 69,6% del-la produzione globale; un saldo appena positivo de-terminato dal calo dei volu-mi prodotti in Cina e in In-donesia, compensati dal-la crescita in India, Vietnam e Iran. Il continente euro-

1) Dopo un 2016 piuttosto di-namico, il 2017 è stato ca-ratterizzato da una cresci-ta più debole, nell’ordine del +2%, della produzione e del consumo di piastrel-le a livello globale. I flussi di import-export, già rallentati l’anno prima, sono risulta-ti negativi per l’1,4%, prima flessione dal 2009.

2) La produzione mondia-

Produzione e consumo mondiale di piastrelle di ceramica

World production and consumption of ceramic tiles

economics

© exclusive content

WORLD MANUFACTURING AREAS

AREAS 2017(Sq.mt Mill.)

% on worldproduction

% var. 17/16

EUROPEAN UNION (28) 1,362 10.1 +4.4

OTHER EUROPE(Turkey included) 615 4.5 +7.3

NORTH AMERICA(Mexico included) 362 2.7 +1.1

CENTRAL-SOUTH AMERICA 1,074 7.9 -1.1

ASIA 9,438 69.6 +0.9

AFRICA 696 5.1 +21.9

OCEANIA 5 0.0 0.0

TOTAL 13,552 100.0 +2.2

WORLD CONSUMPTION AREAS


% on worldconsumption

% var. 17/16

EUROPEAN UNION (28) 1,020 7.7 +5.8


NORTH AMERICA(Mexico included) 569 4.3 +4.0

CENTRAL-SOUTH AMERICA 1,160 8.7 -1.7

ASIA 8,983 67.7 +1.6

AFRICA 920 6.9 +7.2

OCEANIA 53 0.4 -5.4

TOTAL 13,270 100.0 +2.3

Nel mese di ottobre sarà pubblicata la sesta edizione del volu-me “Produzione e consumo mondiale di piastrelle cerami-che” realizzato dall’Ufficio Studi Acimac: 260 pagine di gra-fici, tabelle e commenti che analizzano nel dettaglio l’an-damento decennale al 2017 di industria, mercato, consumi pro-capite e flussi esportativi sia per macro-aree geogra-fiche che per i 76 maggiori Paesi produttori, consumatori, esportatori o importatori di piastrelle. Presentiamo qui, in anteprima, i dati salienti.

* * *

1) Following a fairly dynamic performance in 2016, global tile production and consumption saw weaker growth of around 2% in 2017. And after slowing during the previous year, im-port-export flows dropped by 1.4%, the first fall since 2009.

2) World tile production grew by 2.2% with respect to 2016 to 13,552 million sq.m. Production in Asia ac-counted for 69.6% of global output, rising from 9,358 to 9,438 million sq.m (up 0.9% on 2016). This very small overall growth was the combined ef-fect of a fall in production volumes in China and In-donesia and growth in India, Vietnam and Iran. The European continent produced a total of 1,977 million sq.m (14.6% of world production) as a re-

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CWR 128/2018 60

economics

na, Tanzania, Angola, Su-dan, Uganda, Etiopia e Ke-nia), con produzioni ancora limitate tra i 10 e 30 milio-ni mq, sviluppate per lo più tra il 2015 e il 2017 e preva-lentemente riconducibili agli investimenti cinesi nel con-tinente.

3) Il consumo mondiale di piastrelle è aumentato nel 2017 da 12.973 a 13.270 milioni mq (+2,3%). In Asia la domanda ha raggiunto 8.983 milioni mq (+1,6%), pari al 67,7% del consu-mo globale. In aumento il consumo in Europa, sia nei Paesi dell’Unione Euro-pea (da 964 a 1.020 milio-ni mq; +5,8%) che nei mer-cati dell’Europa extra-UE (da 527 a 565 milioni mq; +7,2%). Nelle Americhe, prosegue il trend negativo in Centro-Sud America, sceso a 1.160 milioni mq (-1,7%), mentre si conferma la dinamica positiva della domanda in Nord America, cresciuta da 547 a 569 mi-lioni mq (+4%), grazie ad un incremento equamente ri-partito tra Stati Uniti, Messi-co e Canada. Ha continua-to a evolvere la domanda in Africa, salita da 858 a 920 milioni mq (+7,2%), grazie ad un incremento diffuso in quasi tutti i Paesi del conti-nente.

peo ha prodotto comples-sivamente 1.977 milioni mq (il 14,6% della produzio-ne mondiale): in aumento del 4,4%, da 1.304 a 1.362 milioni mq, l’Unione Eu-ropea (UE-28); più soste-nuto l’incremento percen-tuale nell’area dell’Euro-pa extra-UE a 615 milioni mq (+7,3%). Nel continen-te americano la produzio-ne totale è rimasta sostan-zialmente stabile (da 1.444 a 1.436 milioni mq), pari al 10,6% della produzione mondiale: in leggerissima flessione i volumi prodot-ti in Centro-Sud America (1.074 milioni mq; -1,1%), mentre in Nord America hanno raggiunto i 362 mi-lioni mq (+1,1%).

Di assoluto rilievo è lo svi-luppo registrato negli ulti-mi 2-3 anni in Africa, dove la produzione a fine 2017 era già stimata intorno ai 696 milioni mq (il 5% della produzione mondiale); qui spiccano i risultati dell’E-gitto, che rafforza il suo pri-mato nel continente atte-standosi sui 300 milioni mq e della Nigeria che ha già raggiunto i 110 milioni mq; Marocco, Sud Africa, Alge-ria e Tunisia confermano i livelli produttivi e le posi-zioni del 2016; ma soprat-tutto emergono tra le new entry altri 7 Paesi dell’A-frica subsahariana (Gha-


sult of 4.4% growth from 1,304 to 1,362 million sq.m in the European Union (EU-28) and more substan-tial 7.3% growth to 615 million sq.m in non-EU Europe. In the American continent, total production remained essentially stable (down from 1,444 to 1,436 million sq.m), equivalent to 10.6% of world production, with vol-umes produced in Central and South America down very slightly (1,074 million sq.m; -1.1%) and margin-ally up in North America (362 million sq.m; +1.1%). Africa has seen very significant growth over the last 2-3 years, reaching an output of 696 million sq.m in 2017, 5% of world production. Egypt strengthened its position as the biggest producer country in the continent with 300 million sq.m, followed by Nigeria with 110 million sq.m. While Morocco, South Africa, Algeria and Tunisia all main-tained their 2016 levels of production and rankings, a fur-ther 7 Sub-Saharan countries (Ghana, Tanzania, Angola, Sudan, Uganda, Ethiopia and Kenya) have now joined the ranks of African tile producers, albeit with fairly low out-put volumes of between 10 and 30 million sq.m. Most of these countries began developing their tile industries be-tween 2015 and 2017 as a result of Chinese investments in the continent.

3) World tile consumption in 2017 increased from 12,973 to 13,270 million sq.m (+2.3%). In Asia, demand reached 8,983 million sq.m (+1.6%), equivalent to 67.7% of global con-sumption. As for Europe, consumption grew in both Euro-pean Union countries (from 964 to 1,020 million sq.m; +5.8%) and in non-EU Europe (from 527 to 565 million sq.m; +7.2%). Consumption saw a further contraction in Central and South America to 1,160 million sq.m (-1.7%) but grew by 4% in North America from 547 to 569 million sq.m (this growth was spread evenly across the United States, Mexico and Canada). Almost all African countries continued to see consumption growth, resulting in a continent-wide upturn of 7.2% from 858 to 920 million sq.m.

4) Following three years of fairly limited growth, in 2017 world exports fell for the first time since 2009, drop-ping by 40 million sq.m to 2,754 million sq.m (-1.4%). The downturn was attributable to the sharp fall in Chi-nese exports (a drop of 117 million sq.m), only partly off-set by growth in the other 5 large exporter countries, namely Spain, Italy, India, Iran and Turkey.

WORLD EXPORTING AREAS


% on worldexports

% var. 17/16

EUROPEAN UNION (28) 914 33.2 +1.2


NORTH AMERICA(Mexico included) 56 2.0 -6.7

CENTRAL-SOUTH AMERICA 138 5.0 -2.1

ASIA 1,443 52.4 -4.6

AFRICA 38 1.4 +26.7

OCEANIA 0 0.0 -

TOTAL 2,754 100.0 -1.4

INTERNATIONAL TRADE 2017(ON TOTAL WORLD CONSUMPTION)

DOMESTIC SALES79.2%

EXPORTS20.8%

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economics

4) Nel 2017 le esportazioni mondiali sono diminuite di 40 milioni mq a 2.754 mi-lioni mq (-1,4%), primo sal-do negativo dal 2009, giun-to dopo tre anni di cresci-ta piuttosto limitata. Il calo, peraltro, è imputabile alla brusca frenata dell’export cinese (117 milioni mq in meno), solo in parte com-pensata dagli incremen-ti degli altri 5 grandi Paesi esportatori, ossia Spagna, Italia, India, Iran e Turchia. A livello di macro aree, infat-ti, l’Asia è scesa da 1.513 a 1.443 milioni mq (-4,6%), pari al 52,4% dell’export mondiale. Al contrario, so-no risultati in progresso sia l’export dell’Unione Euro-pea, salito a 914 milioni mq (+1,2%) e pari a un terzo dell’export mondiale, che quello dei Paesi dell’Euro-pa extra-UE (da 147 a 165 milioni mq, +12,2%). Nel-le Americhe, si è registra-ta una leggera flessione nei volumi esportati sia dal Centro-Sud America (sce-si da 141 a 138 milioni mq; -2,1%) che dal Nord Ame-rica (da 60 a 56 milioni mq, -6,7%). Infine l’Africa che, seppur su volumi ancora molto limitati, ha incremen-tato le proprie esportazioni

a 38 milioni mq (+26,7%). 5) Per quanto riguarda la pro-

pensione esportativa dei vari continenti o macrore-gioni, l’Unione Europea si conferma l’aera più vota-ta ai mercati internaziona-li, con una quota export del 67,1% della propria pro-duzione. Fortemente di-stanziate tutte le altre aree: l’Europa extra-UE esporta il 26,8% dei volumi prodot-ti, il Nord America il 15,5%, il Sud America il 12,8%, l’Asia il 15,3% e l’Africa ap-pena il 5,5%.

La dinamica dei flussi di import/export, costante negli anni, non smentisce quanto sempre sostenuto, ossia che si tende a pro-durre piastrelle laddove si consumano: l’export mon-diale rappresenta il 20,3% della produzione e il 20,8% del consumo globali e ben oltre la metà (il 60,3%) vie-ne esportato all’interno della stessa area geogra-fica di produzione (l’80% dell’export sudamerica-no resta in Sud America, il 71% di quello nordameri-cano resta in area NAFTA, il 67% di quello asiatico si indirizza in paesi asiatici); parziale eccezione si con-ferma l’UE, che riesce ad

CWR 128/2018


As for macro-regions, Asia saw a fall from 1,513 to 1,443 mil-lion sq.m (-4.6%) and accounted for 52.4% of world exports. By contrast, Europe marked up export growth from both the European Union (914 million sq.m; +1.2%), equiva-lent to one-third of the world total, and non-EU Euro-pean countries (from 147 to 165 million sq.m, +12.2%). As for the Americas, the continent saw a slight fall in export volumes from Central and South Ameri-ca (down from 141 to 138 million sq.m; -2.1%) and from North America (from 60 to 56 million sq.m, -6.7%). Finally, Africa saw 26.7% growth in exports to 38 million sq.m, albeit still with very limited volumes.

5) Looking at the export propensity of the various continents or macro-regions, the European Union remained the area with the highest export share at 67.1% of its production. All the other areas lagged well behind: non-EU Europe ex-ported 26.8% of its output volumes, North America 15.5%, South America 12.8%, Asia 15.3% and Africa just 5.5%. The trend in import/export flows over the years is per-fectly consistent with our long-held view that tiles tend to be produced close to the place of consumption. Although world exports stand at 20.3% of production and 20.8% of global consumption, well over half (60.3%) of this volume consists of exports shipped within the same geo-graphical region as that of production (for example, 80% of South America’s exports remain in South America, 71% of North America’s exports remain within the NAFTA region, and 67% of Asian exports are shipped to other Asian countries). The EU is a partial exception in that almost 50% of its ex-ports are sold in non-EU countries. This analysis is con-firmed by the fact that the shares of world production and consumption tend to be similar in each continent. In other words, Asia accounted for 69.6% of production and 67.7% of world consumption, while the corresponding figures for Europe (EU + non-EU) were 14.6% and 12%, for the Americas 10.6% and 13% and for Africa 5.1% and 6.9%.

6) China, the world’s largest producer, consumer and exporter of ceramic tiles, saw a fall in both production and exports in 2017. Although the Chinese industry and market remain dif-

TOP MANUFACTURING COUNTRIES

COUNTRY 2013(Sq.m Mill.)

2014(Sq.m Mill.)

2015(Sq.m Mill.)

2016(Sq.m Mill.)

2017(Sq.m Mill.)

% on 2017 world

production% var.17/16

1. CHINA 5,700 6,000 5,970 6,495 6,400 47.2% -1.5%

2. INDIA 750 825 850 955 1,080 8.0% 13.1%

3. BRAZIL 871 903 899 792 790 5.8% -0.3%

4. VIETNAM 300 360 440 485 560 4.1% 15.5%

5. SPAIN 420 425 440 492 530 3.9% 7.7%

6. ITALY 363 382 395 416 422 3.1% 1.6%

7. IRAN 500 410 300 340 373 2.8% 9.7%

8. TURKEY 340 315 320 330 355 2.6% 7.6%

9. INDONESIA 390 420 370 360 307 2.3% -14.7%

10. EGYPT 200 220 230 250 300 2.2% 20.0%

TOTAL 9,834 10,260 10,214 10,915 11,117 82.0% 1.9%

TOTAL WORLD 11,980 12,428 12,460 13,255 13,552 100.0% 2.2%

Source / Fonte: Acimac Research dept. “World production and consumption of ceramic tiles”, 6th edition 2018

CWR 128/2018 64

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consumo mondiale. Que-sto, a fronte di una capaci-tà produttiva che le fonti uf-ficiali cinesi calcolano oltre gli 11 miliardi mq, installa-ta in circa 1400 aziende e 3500 linee di produzione: le stesse fonti indicavano a fi-ne 2017 un calo della pro-duzione dell’8,4% a 10,1 miliardi mq.

Le esportazioni sono di-minuite per il quarto an-no consecutivo scenden-do da 1.025 a 908 milio-ni mq (-11,4%, la varia-zione negativa più alta del quadriennio), pari al 33% dell’export mondiale. In fre-nata le esportazioni verso l’Asia, che assorbe il 60% dell’export cinese, scese a 543,7 milioni mq (-6,7%); vistoso il -23,3% in Africa (151,7 milioni mq, il 16,7% del totale), dove il progres-sivo sviluppo della pro-duzione locale tende a ri-durre le importazioni dal-la Cina storicamente eleva-te; e ancora, -10% in Cen-tro-Sud America (72 milio-ni mq, l’8% dell’export ci-nese); -9,5% l’export verso l’UE (14,4 milioni mq, pa-ri all’1,6% dell’export tota-le); -3% in Australia-Ocea-nia (33,7 milioni mq). Uni-che eccezioni positive, le

esportare quasi il 50% del proprio export in mercati extra UE.

Questa tesi trova confer-ma nel confronto del con-tributo di ogni continente alla produzione e al con-sumo mondiali di piastrelle che mostra valori sostan-zialmente omogenei: l’Asia rappresenta il 69,6% della produzione e il 67,7% del consumo mondiali, l’Eu-ropa (UE + Extra-UE) ri-spettivamente il 14,6% e il 12%, le Americhe il 10,6% e il 13%, l’Africa il 5,1% e il 6,9%.

6) Maggiore produttore, con-sumatore ed esportatore mondiale di piastrelle ce-ramiche, nel 2017 la Cina ha subito una contrazione sia in termini di produzio-ne che di export. Sebbene l’industria e il mercato cine-si restino di difficile quanti-ficazione data l’ampia di-screpanza tra i dati dispo-nibili, secondo le nostre sti-me la produzione cinese dovrebbe essersi attesta-ta nel 2017 sui 6.400 milio-ni mq (-1,5% sul 2016), pari al 47,2% della produzione globale, con un consumo interno stimato a 5.498 mi-lioni mq, ossia il 41,4% del


ficult to quantify due to the very large discrepancies be-tween the available figures, our estimates suggest that Chinese production totalled about 6,400 million sq.m in 2017 (down 1.5% on 2016), equivalent to 47.2% of world production, while domestic consumption is estimat-ed at 5,498 million sq.m, 41.4% of world consumption. This compares with a production capacity calculat-ed by official Chinese sources at more than 11 bil-lion sq.m, spread over some 1400 companies and 3500 production lines. The same sources indicated a fall in production of 8.4% in 2017 to 10.1 billion sq.m. Exports fell for the fourth year running from 1,025 to 908 million sq.m (-11.4%, the biggest fall in the past four years), equivalent to 33% of world exports. This included a 6.7% fall in exports to Asia, which absorbs 60% of Chinese exports (543.7 million sq.m); a sharp -23.3% decline in Africa (151.7 million sq.m, 16.7% of the total), where the fast-growing lo-cal industry is tending to replace the historically high levels of imports from China; a 10% downturn in Central and South America (72 million sq.m, 8% of Chinese exports); -a 9.5% fall in exports to the EU (14.4 million sq.m, 1.6% of the total); and a 3% decline in Australia-Oceania (33.7 million sq.m). The only exceptions were growth in exports to North America (from 2 million sq.m to 80 million sq.m) and to non-EU European markets (12.4 million sq.m). Looking at individual countries, the most substantial falls were again in Saudi Arabia, China’s largest export market in 2015 with 64 million sq.m, which in 2017 plummeted to 12th place in the rankings with 24.7 million sq.m (-50%); in African countries including Ghana (-48% from 27 to 14 mil-lion sq.m), Nigeria (-65.6% from 15 to 5 million sq.m), Kenya (-41% from 22 to 13 million sq.m) and Tanzania (-37.5% from 19 to 12 million sq.m); and in Mexico (-70% from 9.3 to 2.8 million sq.m) and India (-47% from 12 to 6.3 million sq.m). The Philippines remained the largest market for Chinese tiles (73 million sq.m, +8.5%), followed by South Korea (67 million sq.m, +2%), Indonesia (62.5 million sq.m, +9.5%) and the USA (61 million sq.m, +8.4%). China’s top 10 ex-port markets, all of which are in Asia apart from the USA,

TOP CONSUMPTION COUNTRIES


2014(Sq.m Mill.)

2015(Sq.m Mill.)

2016(Sq.m Mill.)

2017(Sq.m Mill.)

% on 2017 world

consumption% var.17/16

1. CHINA 4,556 4,894 4,885 5,475 5,498 41.4% 0.4%

2. INDIA 718 756 763 785 760 5.7% -3.2%

3. BRAZIL 837 853 816 706 708 5.3% 0.3%

4. VIETNAM 251 310 400 412 580 4.4% 40.8%

5. INDONESIA 360 407 357 369 336 2.5% -8.9%

6. USA 230 231 254 274 283 2.1% 3.3%

7. TURKEY 226 215 234 241 254 1.9% 5.4%

8. EGYPT 170 190 190 215 252 1.9% 17.2%

9. MEXICO 187 197 218 235 242 1.8% 3.0%

10. SAUDI ARABIA 235 244 263 248 203 1.5% -18.1%

TOTAL 7,770 8,297 8,380 8,960 9,116 68.7% 1.7%

TOTAL WORLD 11,601 12,132 12,280 12,973 13,270 100.0% 2.3%


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esportazioni in Nord Ame-rica, cresciute di 2 milio-ni a 80 milioni mq, e ver-so i mercati dell’Europa ex-tra-UE (12,4 milioni mq).

Sui singoli mercati, i cali più significativi hanno riguar-dato nuovamente l’Ara-bia Saudita, primo mercato export nel 2015 con 64 mi-lioni mq e scesa nel 2017 al 12° posto con 24,7 milioni mq (-50%); i Paesi africa-ni tra cui Ghana (-48% da 27 a 14 milioni mq), Nige-ria (-65,6% da 15 a 5 milio-ni mq), Kenya (-41% da 22 a 13 milioni mq) e Tanzania (-37,5% da 19 a 12 milio-ni mq); in forte calo anche le esportazioni in Messico (-70% da 9,3 a 2,8 milioni mq) e in India (-47% da 12 a 6,3 milioni mq).

Primo mercato della pia-strella cinese si sono con-fermate le Filippine (73 mi-lioni mq, +8,5%), segui-te da Corea (67 milioni mq, +2%), Indonesia (62,5 mi-lioni mq, +9,5%) e USA (61 milioni mq, +8,4%). I primi 10 mercati di esportazio-ne della Cina, tutti in Asia tranne gli USA, assorbono il 49% dell’export cinese.

7) Nel 2017, l’India ha raffor-zato la sua posizione di se-

condo maggiore produttore e consumatore di piastrelle. La produzione nazionale è salita da 955 a 1080 milioni mq (+13%), mentre il con-sumo interno ha subito una flessione del 3% scenden-do a 760 milioni mq.

Prosegue a ritmi decisa-mente sostenuti lo svilup-po del distretto ceramico di Morbi (Gujarat), dove si sti-mano oltre 500 linee pro-duttive, molte delle quali dedicate a produzioni desti-nate all’export (da segnala-re che alcune fonti Gujarati-ne indicano una produzione nazionale già molto più ele-vata).

Le esportazioni hanno con-tinuato a crescere in ma-niera sostenuta, passando da 186 a 227,6 milioni mq (+22,6%) e consolidando l’India al 4° posto tra i mag-giori esportatori mondiali. In valore l’export ha raggiunto i 728 milioni di Euro, pari a un prezzo medio di vendita di 3,2 €/mq, tra i più bassi in assoluto.

Primo mercato di esporta-zione, con una quota del 25% sull’export totale, si è confermata l’Arabia Sau-dita (seppure in calo da 60 a 57 milioni mq; -5%). Se-guono l’Iraq (18 milioni mq,


TOP EXPORTING COUNTRIES


2015(Sq.m Mill.)

2016(Sq.m Mill.)

2017(Sq.m Mill.)

% on 2017 national

production% on 2017

world exports% var17/16

value 2017 (million €)

average export price (€/sq.m)

1. CHINA 1,110 1,089 1,025 908 14.2% 33.0% -11.4% 4,056 4.5

2. SPAIN 339 378 395 407 76.8% 14.8% 3.0% 2,686 6.6

3. ITALY 314 316 332 338 80.1% 12.3% 1.9% 4,704 13.9

4. INDIA 102 134 186 228 21.1% 8.3% 22.6% 728 3.2

5. IRAN 109 112 126 148 39.7% 5.4% 17.5% n.a. n.a.

6. TURKEY 85 77 81 93 26.2% 3.4% 14.8% 488 5.2

7. BRAZIL 69 77 94 90 11.4% 3.3% -4.3% 300 3.3

8. MEXICO 62 61 56 53 19.9% 1.9% -5.4% 243 4.6

9. UNITED ARAB EMIRATES 55 54 48 46 64.8% 1.7% -4.2% 186 4.0

10. POLAND 42 42 46 45 30.4% 1.6% -2.2% 250 5.6

TOTAL 2,287 2,340 2,389 2,356 22.6% 85.5% -1.4%

TOTAL WORLD 2,705 2,746 2,794 2,754 20.3% 100.0% -1.4%


account for 49% of the country’s exports.7) In 2017, India strengthened its position as the world’s sec-

ond largest tile producer and consumer country. Produc-tion increased from 955 to 1,080 million sq.m (+13%), while domestic consumption fell by 3% to 760 million sq.m. The ceramic cluster in Morbi (Gujarat) has contin-ued its rapid growth and is now estimated to have more than 500 production lines, many of which are de-voted to products for export (some Gujarati sourc-es already indicate a much higher level of production). Exports have continued to grow strongly, rising from 186 to 227.6 million sq.m (+22.6%), consolidating In-dia’s position as the 4th largest world exporter coun-try. In value terms, exports reached 728 million eu-ros, equivalent to an average selling price of 3.2 €/sq.m, one of the lowest figures of all exporter countries. Saudi Arabia remained the largest export market with a 25% share of total exports despite a 5% contraction from 60 to 57 million sq.m. Next came Iraq (18 million sq.m, +64%) and Mexico (which only became an Indian ex-port destination in 2016) with 16.3 million sq.m (+122%). Exports to all the other major markets (UAE, Oman, Ku-wait and Nepal) increased by between 20% and 30% to reach volumes of between 10 and 15 million sq.m. Overall, the Asian continent absorbs 72% of Indian exports (163 million sq.m; +18%), Africa 12% (26.6 million sq.m; +10%), North America (NAFTA) 7.7% (almost entirely Mex-ico), Europe (EU + non-EU) 5.5% (12 million sq.m; +39.5%), and South America 3% (7 million sq.m; +28.6%).

8) In 2017, Brazil maintained its production and domestic consumption at 2016 levels with an output of 790 million sq.m (-0.3%) and consumption of 708 million sq.m (+0.3%). These levels remain fairly low compared to installed ca-pacity, which according to Anfacer figures stands at 1,055 million sq.m/year. Exports likewise dropped from 94 to 90 million sq.m (-4.3%) to a value of US $344.5 million (+11.5%). These exports are almost entirely shipped to Latin American markets and the USA, the second largest foreign market for Brazilian tiles at

CWR 128/2018 68

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+64%) e il Messico dove le esportazioni, avviate ap-pena nel 2016, hanno rag-giunto nel 2017 i 16,3 milio-ni mq (+122%). In aumen-to tra il 20 e 30% l’export verso tutti gli altri maggio-ri mercati, con volumi tra i 10 e i 15 milioni mq: Emi-rati Arabi, Oman, Kuwait e Nepal. Complessivamente, il continente asiatico assor-be il 72% dell’export india-no (163 milioni mq; +18%), l’Africa il 12% (26,6 milio-ni mq; +10%), %), il Nord America (NAFTA) il 7,7% (quasi interamente in Mes-sico), l’Europa (UE +Ex-tra-UE) il 5,5% (12 milioni mq; +39,5%) e il Sud Ame-rica il 3% (7 milioni mq; +28,6%).

8) Nel 2017, il Brasile ha mantenuto produzione e consumo interno stabili sui livelli 2016: 790 milioni mq i volumi prodotti (-0,3%) e 708 milioni mq quelli con-sumati (+0,3%). Livelli che restano limitati rispetto alla capacità produttiva instal-lata che, secondo i dati An-facer, è pari a 1.055 milio-ni mq/anno. In frenata an-che l’export, sceso da 94 a 90 milioni mq (-4,3%) per un valore di 344,5 milioni

di dollari (+11,5%); espor-tazioni quasi interamente ri-volte ai mercati latino-ame-ricani e agli Stati Uniti, se-condo maggiore mercato estero della piastrella bra-siliana con 11,3 milioni mq (+11,8% sul 2016).

9) Con un nuovo incremento del 3% delle esportazioni, salite nel 2017 a 407 milio-ni mq, la Spagna ha raffor-zato la posizione di secon-do maggiore esportatore mondiale. È proseguito, ac-celerando, anche il recupe-ro sul fronte produttivo, con volumi cresciuti a 530 milio-ni mq (+7,7%), che colloca-no il Paese iberico al 5° po-sto tra i maggiori produttori mondiali. Merito anche del nuovo recupero delle vendi-te interne, salite a 138 mi-lioni mq (+10,4%), segnan-do un analogo incremento anche in valore a 824 milio-ni di Euro.

Sui mercati esteri, la Fran-cia si conferma primo mer-cato di esportazione sia in volume (40,3 milioni mq; +6,7%) che in valore (278 milioni di euro; +8%); se-guono gli Stati Uniti, do-ve le esportazioni sono sa-lite da 20,7 a 27 milioni mq (+30,6%) per un valore di


11.3 million sq.m (up 11.8% on 2016). 9) With a further 3% growth in exports to 407 million sq.m

in 2017, Spain strengthened its position as the world’s second largest exporter country. It also accelerat-ed its recovery in terms of production with output vol-umes up 7.7% to 530 million sq.m, a figure that estab-lishes it in 5th place in the rankings of world producers. This was in no small part due to the further recovery in domestic sales, which grew to 138 million sq.m (+10.4%) and saw a similar growth in value to 824 million euros. France confirmed its position as the top export market in terms of both volumes (40.3 million sq.m; +6.7%) and value (278 million euros; +8%), followed by the United States where exports grew from 20.7 to 27 million sq.m (+30.6%) corresponding to a value of 234 million euros (+24.5%). Saudi Arabia slumped to third place with a 23% contraction to 21 million sq.m (-19.5% in value to 118 mil-lion euros), followed by the UK (20.7 million sq.m; +2.5%). In 2017 the breakdown of Spanish export destina-tions by volume saw Europe in first place with 42% (47.2% in value), followed by the Middle East and Asia with 27.2% (24% in value), Africa with 15.5% (10.6% in value) and the Americas with 15% (17.3% in value). Export revenues rose to 2,685.7 million euros (+4.5%), while average selling price remained stable at 6.6 €/sq.m. The Spanish industry’s total turnover amounted to 3,510 million euros (+5.9%).

10) In 2016 Italy saw a further recovery in production (+1.6%), which increased from 416 to 422.5 million sq.m, and total sales of 421.9 million sq.m (+1.8%). This included 83.7 mil-lion sq.m sold on the domestic market (+1%), correspond-ing to a value of 842,4 million euros (+1.6%). Including im-ports, domestic consumption reached 106 million sq.m. The world’s third largest exporter, Italy again regis-tered an increase in volume (from 331.7 to 338.2 mil-lion sq.m, +1.9%) and even more significantly in val-ue (from 4,588 to 4,704 million euros, +2.5%), largely thanks to the higher average selling price of 13.9 €/sq.m. The sector’s total turnover rose to 5,546.5 million euros

TOP IMPORTING COUNTRIES


2014(Sq.m Mill.)

2015(Sq.m Mill.)

2016(Sq.m Mill.)

2017(Sq.m Mill.)

% on 2017 national

consumption

% on 2017 world

imports% var.17/16

1. USA 165 164 179 194 202 71.4% 7.3% 4.1%

2. SAUDI ARABIA 170 156 188 167 131 64.5% 4.8% -21.6%

3. IRAQ 121 102 106 112 129 98.5% 4.7% 15.2%

4. FRANCE 96 99 99 104 112 87.5% 4.1% 7.7%

5. GERMANY 89 95 100 115 109 87.2% 4.0% -5.2%

6. PHILIPPINES 46 53 60 75 82 66.1% 3.0% 9.3%

7. SOUTH KOREA 65 76 72 75 78 64.5% 2.8% 4.0%

8. INDONESIA 36 46 45 57 64 19.0% 2.3% 12.3%

9. UNITED ARAB EMIRATES 54 54 64 59 62 72.1% 2.3% 5.1%

10. ISRAEL 48 44 52 57 58 93.5% 2.1% 1.8%

TOTAL 889 889 965 1,015 1,027 64.2% 37.3% 1.2%

TOTAL WORLD 2,670 2,705 2,746 2,794 2,754 20.8% 100.0% -1.4%


CWR 128/2018 70

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234 milioni di euro (+24,5%). L’Arabia Saudita scivola al terzo posto, in flessione del 23% a 21 milioni mq (-19,5% in valore, pa-ri a 118 milioni di euro), segui-ta dal Regno Unito (20,7 milioni mq; +2,5%).

Nel 2017 l’export spagnolo in volume si è suddiviso per il 42% in Europa (il 47,2% in valore), per il 27,2% in Medio Oriente e Asia (24% in valore), per il 15,5% in Africa (10,6% in valore) e per il 15% nelle Americhe (17,3% in valore).

I ricavi generati da esportazio-ni sono saliti a 2.685,7 milioni di euro (+4,5%), con un prezzo me-dio stabile a 6,6 €/mq. Il fattu-rato totale dell’industria spagno-la ha raggiunto i 3.510 milioni di euro (+5,9%).

10) Nel 2017 l’Italia ha registra-to un nuovo recupero della pro-duzione (+1,6%) salita da 416 a 422,5 milioni mq, con vendite complessive pari a 421,9 milio-ni mq (+1,8%), di cui 83,7 milio-ni sul mercato interno (+1%) per un valore di 842,4 milioni di eu-ro (+1,6%). Considerate anche le importazioni, il consumo na-zionale ha raggiunto i 106 milioni mq.

Terzo maggiore esportatore mondiale, l’Italia ha incremen-tato nuovamente le esportazioni sia in volume (da 331,7 a 338,2 milioni mq, +1,9%) che, soprat-tutto, in valore (da 4.588 a 4.704 milioni di euro; +2,5%), con un prezzo medio salito a 13,9 €/mq. Il fatturato totale del setto-re è salito a 5.546,5 milioni di eu-ro (+2,4%), di cui l’85% genera-to da esportazioni.

Le esportazioni in Europa Occi-dentale, prima area export del-la piastrella italiana (assorbe il 51% del totale), sono salite a 172 milioni mq (+3%). In ripre-sa anche le vendite in Europa Centro Orientale (33 milioni mq; +6%); bene anche le vendite nei Balcani (18 milioni mq; +5%). Complessivamente il continente europeo ha assorbito 223 milio-ni mq di piastrelle italiane, pari al 66% dell’export in volume.

L’export verso l’Area Nafta si è fermato a 48 milio-ni mq (-1,3%), pari al 14,2% dell’export complessivo. Posi-tive, sebbene su volumi conte-nuti, le vendite nel Far East (21 milioni mq; +8%), mentre sono calate nei Paesi del Golfo (12 milioni mq; -8,5%) e in Nord Africa e Medio Oriente (11 mi-lioni mq; -2,7%).

Invariate le posizioni dei mag-giori mercati esteri italiani. La Germania si è conferma-ta al vertice con 55 milioni mq (+1,3%), seguita da Francia (46,4 milioni mq; +5,7%), Stati Uniti (37,2 milioni mq; -3,9%), Austria, Belgio, Gran Bretagna, Canada, Svizzera e Olanda.

11) I tre maggiori paesi esportatori – Cina, Spagna e Italia – han-no rappresentato l’anno scor-so il 60% dell’export mondiale; i primi dieci l’85,5%. Tra i gran-di esportatori, Italia e Spagna mantengono il primato del-la più elevata quota esporta-tiva sulla produzione naziona-le, rispettivamente pari all’80% e al 77%, contro il 65% degli Emirati Arabi, il 40% dell’Iran, il 30% della Polonia, il 14% del-la Cina e una quota tra l’11 e il 26% per India, Brasile, Tur-chia e Messico. A questo, l’I-talia somma anche il vero se-gno della sua leadership, os-sia il prezzo medio: 13,9 €/mq contro i 6,6 €/mq della Spagna, e tra i 3,2 €/mq e i 5,6 €/mq de-gli altri.

12) Tra i maggiori Paesi produttori e consumatori si confermano, in Far East, Vietnam e Indone-sia. Nel 2017 il Vietnam ha in-crementato la capacità instal-lata (stimata a 700 milioni mq) e la produzione, a 560 milioni mq (+15,5%), in risposta ad un forte incremento della doman-da interna, a circa 580 milio-ni mq (+40%). L’Indonesia, al contrario, ha continuato a ra-zionalizzare la produzione na-zionale (da 360 a 307 milio-ni mq; -14,7%), parallelamen-te sia alla flessione dei consu-


(+2.4%), of which 85% was generated by exports. Exports to Western Europe, the biggest mar-ket for Italian tiles with a 51% share of total Ital-ian exports, rose to 172 million sq.m (+3%). Sales recovered in Central and Eastern Europe (33 million sq.m; +6%) and also performed strong-ly in the Balkans (18 million sq.m; +5%). Over-all, the European continent absorbed 223 million sq.m of Italian tiles, 66% of all exports by volume. Italian exports to the NAFTA region dropped by 1.3% to 48 million sq.m, 14.2% of total ex-ports. Sales in the Far East performed well, al-beit remaining at small volume levels (21 mil-lion sq.m; +8%), but fell in the Gulf states (12 million sq.m; -8.5%) and in North Afri-ca and the Middle East (11 million sq.m; -2.7%). The rankings of Italy’s largest export markets re-mained unchanged. Germany was again the larg-est market with 55 million sq.m (+1.3%), followed by France (46.4 million sq.m, +5.7%), the USA (37.2 million sq.m, -3.9%), Austria, Belgium, the UK, Canada, Switzerland and the Netherlands.

11) The three largest exporter countries, China, Spain and Italy, accounted for 60% of world ex-ports in 2017, while the top ten countries made up 85.5%. Amongst the largest exporter countries, It-aly and Spain maintained the highest share of ex-ports as a percentage of production (80% and 77% respectively), compared to the 65% of the UAE, 40% of Iran, 30% of Poland, 14% of China and shares of between 11% and 26% in India, Brazil, Turkey and Mexico. But the real sign of Italy’s lead-ership position is its average selling price of 13.9 €/sq.m compared to the 6.6 €/sq.m of Spain and between 3.2 €/sq.m and 5.6 €/sq.m of the other countries.

12) Vietnam and Indonesia remained the largest pro-ducer and consumer countries in the Far East. In 2017, Vietnam increased its installed capacity to an estimated 700 million sq.m and production to 560 million sq.m (+15.5%), in response to sharp growth in domestic demand to around 580 million sq.m (+40%). By contrast, Indonesia continued the process of rationalisation of its production (from 360 to 307 million sq.m; -14.7%) in parallel with the fall in domestic consumption (from 369 to 336 mil-lion sq.m; -8.9%) and the increase in imports (from 57 to 64 million sq.m), almost entirely from China.

13) Iran confirmed its position as the largest produc-er in the Middle East (7th in the world rankings) with a 2017 output of 373 million sq.m (+9.7%), continuing the recovery that began in 2016 follow-ing the sharp contraction over the previous two years. The increase in production was driven not so much by the recovery in domestic consump-tion, which remained stable at 170 million sq.m as by the growth in exports, up from 126 to 148 mil-lion sq.m (+17.5%), corresponding to 40% of the country’s production. This included 102 million sq.m exported to Iraq and the rest to neighbour-

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CWR 128/2018 72

economics

mi interni (da 369 a 336 milioni mq; -8,9%), che all’aumento del-le importazioni (da 57 a 64 mi-lioni mq), quasi interamente dal-la Cina.

13) Maggiore produttore del Medio

Oriente (7° nel ranking mondiale), l’Iran ha prodotto nel 2017 373 milioni mq (+9,7%), proseguendo il recupero iniziato nel 2016, dopo la netta contrazione del biennio precedente. L’incremento pro-duttivo non è stato motivato tan-to dalla ripresa dei consumi inter-ni, stabili a 170 milioni mq, quan-to dall’incremento delle esporta-zioni, salite da 126 a 148 milioni mq (+17,5%), pari al 40% della produzione nazionale. Di questi, ben 102 milioni sono stati espor-tati in Iraq e il resto nei mercati li-mitrofi.

14) Nel 2017 la Turchia ha conferma-to la dinamica positiva già emersa nel 2016. I consumi interni sono cresciuti da 241 a 254 milioni mq (+5,4%), interamente coperti dal-la produzione nazionale (l’import è di appena 5 milioni mq), salita anch’essa del 7,6% a 355 milioni mq. È proseguito il recupero delle esportazioni, passate da 81 a 93 milioni mq (+14,8%) per un valo-re di 488 milioni di euro (+5,4%). L’export turco si è ripartito pre-valentemente su tre macroaree: il 49% in Unione Europea (45 mi-lioni mq; +11,8%), il 22% in Me-dio Oriente e Asia (20 milioni mq; +7,8%) e il 21% nell’area NAFTA (20 milioni mq; +20,2%). Con un incremento del 25% sul 2016, gli Stati Uniti sono divenuti il pri-mo mercato estero della piastrel-la made in Turkey (11,7 milioni mq), facendo arretrare la Germa-nia al secondo posto (11 milioni mq; +2,3%). Seguono Israele (11 milioni mq; +6,7%), Regno Unito (8,6 milioni mq; +8,6%), Canada (8,1 milioni mq; +17,7%) e Fran-cia (4,8 milioni mq; +28%).

15) Nel 2017 i 10 maggiori Paesi im-portatori hanno importato un to-tale di 1.027 milioni mq, pari al 37,3% dei flussi globali di import/

export e in crescita dell’1,2% sul 2016. Con l’unica eccezio-ne dell’Indonesia che importa appena il 19% del proprio con-sumo nazionale, per tutti gli al-tri l’import ha soddisfatto oltre il 60% della domanda interna, con punte del 98,5% in Iraq e tra l’87 e il 93% in Francia, Ger-mania e Israele.

16) Nel 2017 gli Stati Uniti si sono riconfermati il maggiore impor-tatore mondiale, con importa-zioni salite da 194 a 202 milioni mq (+4,1%), in risposta ad una domanda locale cresciuta an-ch’essa del 3,3% da 274 a 283 milioni mq. L’import si confer-ma pari al 71,4% del consumo nazionale, sebbene la produzio-ne locale, in parte controllata da gruppi italiani (Del Conca USA, Florida Tile, Florim USA, Land-mark, Stonepeak), sia cresciu-ta per l’ottavo anno consecuti-vo, portandosi a 90,6 milioni mq (+3,4%), di cui 88 destinati al mercato interno.

L’80,5% delle importazioni sta-tunitensi proviene dai 4 maggio-ri Paesi fornitori, nell’ordine Ci-na (61 milioni mq; +8,4%), Mes-sico (37 milioni mq; -14,4%), Italia (37 milioni mq; -3,9%) e Spagna (27 milioni mq; +30%). In valore, l’Italia si conferma lea-der di mercato con vendite (CIF) per 748 milioni di dollari, ossia il 33,7% del valore totale delle im-portazioni (2,2 miliardi di dolla-ri).

17) Nel 2017 l’Arabia Saudita, se-condo grande importatore, ha risposto alla minore domanda interna (203 milioni mq, -18%) riducendo sia le importazioni, scese da 166,8 a 130,5 milioni mq (-21,6%), che la produzione nazionale (80 milioni mq; -11%). L’India si è confermato il mag-giore esportatore verso il Pae-se arabo (57 milioni mq; -5%), seguita da Cina (24,8 milioni mq; -50%), Spagna (21,3 milio-ni mq; -23%), Emirati Arabi Uni-ti (15 milioni mq; -3,2) e Oman (4,9 milioni mq; -19%).

5


ing markets.14) In 2017 Turkey maintained the positive growth

trend of 2016. Domestic consumption rose from 241 to 254 million sq.m (+5.4%) and was entire-ly covered by Turkish production, which grew by 7.6% to 355 million sq.m (imports totalled just 5 million sq.m). The country’s export business con-tinued to recover, expanding from 81 to 93 mil-lion sq.m (+14.8%) corresponding to a value of 488 million euros (+5.4%). Turkish exports were mainly spread out over three macro-regions: 49% to the European Union (45 million sq.m, +11.8%), 22% to the Middle East and Asia (20 million sq.m, +7.8%) and 21% to the NAFTA region (20 million sq.m, +20.2%). Germany became the largest mar-ket for Turkish tiles with 25% growth with respect to 2016 (11.7 million sq.m), pushing Germany into second place (11 million sq.m, +2.3%). Next came Israel (11 million sq.m; +6.7%), the UK (8.6 million sq.m; +8.6%), Canada (8.1 million sq.m; +17.7%) and France (4.8 million sq.m; +28%).

15) In 2017 the top 10 importer countries imported a total of 1,027 million sq.m, equivalent to 37.3% of total world import/export flows and a 1.2% in-crease over 2016. With the sole exception of Indo-nesia which imported just 19% of its consumption, in all the other top-10 countries imports account-ed for more than 60% of domestic demand, with peaks of 98.5% in Iraq and between 87% and 93% in France, Germany and Israel.

16) In 2017 the USA confirmed its position as the world’s biggest importer country with growth in imports from 194 to 202 million sq.m (+4.1%) in response to the 3.3% growth in demand from 274 to 283 million sq.m. Imports stood at 71.4% of do-mestic consumption, despite the fact that local production, partly attributable to Italian-owned groups (Del Conca USA, Florida Tile, Florim USA, Landmark and Stonepeak), grew for the eighth year running to reach 90.6 million sq.m (+3.4%), includ-ing 88 million sq.m sold in the domestic market. No less than 80.5% of US imports originated from the 4 largest supplier countries: China (61 million sq.m, +8.4%), Mexico (37 million sq.m, -14.4%), It-aly (37 million sq.m, -3.9%) and Spain (27 million sq.m, +30%). Italy remained the market leader in terms of sales value (on a CIF basis) at US $748 million, a 33.7% share of total value of imports (US $2 billion).

17) Saudi Arabia, the world’s second largest importer, responded to the fall in domestic demand in 2017 (203 million sq.m; -18%) by reducing both imports (down 21.6% from 166.8 to 130.5 million sq.m) and domestic production (80 million sq.m; -11%). India remained the largest exporter to Saudi Arabia (57 million sq.m; -5%), followed by China (24.8 million sq.m; -50%), Spain (21.3 million sq.m; -23%), UAE (15 million sq.m; -3.2%) and Oman (4.9 million sq.m; -19%).

5

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