ecoregions of texas. what is an ecoregion? ecoregion- a major area with distinctive landforms,...
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Ecoregions of TexasEcoregions of Texas
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What Is An Ecoregion?What Is An Ecoregion?
• Ecoregion- a major area with distinctive landforms, characteristic plants and animals, and receives uniform solar radiation and precipitation
Smaller than a biome
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Where Are They?Where Are They?• Region 1: Pineywoods
• Region 2: Cross Timbers or Oak Woods and
Prairies
• Region 3: Blackland Prairies
• Region 4: Gulf Coast Prairies and Marshes
• Region 5: Coastal Sand Plains
• Region 6: South Texas Brush Country
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Where Are They?Where Are They?
• Region 6: South Texas Brush Country
• Region 7: Edwards Plateau
• Region 8: Llano Uplift
• Region 9: Rolling Plains
• Region 10: High Plains
• Region 11: Trans Pecos
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Region 1Region 1Piney Woods
• Climate: average annual rainfall of 36-50 inches is fairly uniformly distributed throughout the year, and humidity and temperatures are typically high
• Soil: generally acidic• Geography: rolling terrain• Vegetation: pine and oak tall hardwood forests, timber and
cattle production are important industries, swamps are common in southern part
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Piney Woods
Caddo Lake
Athens
Tyler
Palestine
Rusk
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Region 2Cross Timbers or Oak Woods & Prairies
•Climate: Average annual rainfall averages 28-40 inches per year•Soil: Upland soils are light colored, acidic sandy loam or sands. Bottomland soils may be light brown to dark gray and acidic with textures ranging from sandy loams to clays•Geography: gently rolling to hilly terrain•Vegetation: patches of oak woodland alternate with grassland, cattle ranching is major industry
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Region 3
Blackland Prairies•Climate: average annual rainfall ranges from 28-48 inches. May is the peak rainfall month for the northern end of the region; however, the south-central part has a fairly uniform rainfall throughout the year. •Soil: soils are uniformly dark-colored alkaline clays•Geography: gently rolling to nearly level terrain•Vegetation: Rich fertile soils produce food and forage crops, crop production and cattle ranching are main industries
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Oak Woods, Prairies & Blackland Prairies
Waco, Dallas, Lake Dallas, Killeen, College Station, Huntsville
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Region 4Gulf Coast Prairies and Marshes
•Climate: annual rainfall varies from 30-50 inches per year, high humidity and warm temperatures •Soil: acidic sands and sandy loams, with clays occurring in the river bottoms•Geography: barrier islands along the coast, marshes near bays and estuaries, and prairies•Vegetation: salt grass, tallgrass prairies, live oak woodlands, important habitat for migratory birds and spawning areas for fish and shrimp
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Region 5Coastal Sand Plains
•Climate: Average annual rainfall is 24-28 inches per year •Soil: primarily windblown•Geography: windblown sands and unstable dunes with grasslands, stands of oak, and salt marshes•Vegetation: tallgrass prairie with live oak woodlands, mesquite savannah, and salt marshes, formerly known as “Wild Horse Prairie” now it is mostly grazed by cattle
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Gulf Coast Prairies and Marshes
Padre Island
Brownsville
Houston
Corpus Christi
Galveston
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Region 6South Texas Brush Country
•Climate: average annual rainfall of 20-32 inches increases from west to east. Summer temperatures are high, with very high evaporation rates•Geography: flat plains to gently rolling terrain •Vegetation: thorny shrubs, trees, and cactus scattered with patches of palms and subtropical woodlands, home to many species of wildlife from Mexico to grasslands and deserts
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South Texas Brush CountryLaredo, San Antonio
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Region 7
Edwards Plateau•Climate: average annual rainfall ranges from 15-34 inches•Soil: usually shallow with a variety of surface textures, underlain by limestone•Geography: many springs, stony hills, and steep canyons and caves; several river systems dissect the surface, creating a rough and well-drained landscape•Vegetation: grasslands, juniper/oak woodlands, and plateau live oak or mesquite savannah, ranching is main industry
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Region 8 Llano Uplift
•Climate: averages about 24-32 inches per year•Soil: coarse textured sands, produced from weathered granite over thousands of years•Geography: some of the oldest rocks in Texas, the region contains unique minerals and rock formations and large granite domes( Enchanted Rock near Fredricksburg); hilly to rolling landscape•Vegetation: oak-hickory or oak-juniper woodlands, mesquite-mixed brush savannah, and grasslands
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Edwards PlateauLlano Uplift
AustinBastropSan MarcosRound-Rock
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Region 9Rolling Plains
•Climate: average annual rainfall is 20-28 inches; dry summers with high temperatures and high evaporation rates•Soil: vary from coarse sands along outwash terraces by streams, to clays and shales•Geography: gently rolling hills and broad flats are cut by several rivers and their tributaries •Vegetation: mesquite and shortgrass savannah; various hardwood species along streams, juniper on steep slopes along rivers
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Region 10High Plains
•Climate: extended droughts have occurred several times this century•Soil: surface texture of soils ranges from clays in the north to sands in the south; Caliche underlies these surface soils at depths of two to five feet•Elevation: ranges from 3,000-4,500 feet above sea level•Geography: relatively level high plateau•Vegetation: mostly irrigated cropland; native vegetation includes mesquite and juniper
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Amarillo, Wichita Falls, Lubbock, Abilene
Panhandle Plains
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Region 11Trans Pecos
Climate: Less than 12 inches of rain; semi-arid, warm, dry winters
Soil: generally shallow, saline, and unproductive
Elevation: 2,500 feet to mountain ranges, highest peak is 8,751 feet above sea level
Geography: salt basins, sand hills, rugged plateaus, mountain slopes
Vegetation: desert grassland, desert scrub, coniferous and mixed hardwood forests at mountain peaks
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Trans Pecos
El Paso, Midland, Odessa
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My Ecoregion
• Which region do you live in?
• Have you ever visited another region?