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CIP-ICT PSP-2011-5 ICT FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN PUBLIC BUILDINGS

EDISON_D6.2.1_EDISON_Training_Activities_Description_document_v1.0.doc 1/72

SEVENTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME THEME 1- ICT FOR A LOW CARBON ECONOMY AND SMART MOBILITY

Project acronym: EDISON Project full title: Energy Distribution Infrastructure for Ssl Operative Networks Grant agreement no.: 297386 (CIP-ICT PSP-2011-5) Grant agreement for: CIP – Pilot Actions

EDISON Training Activities Description Document Number of deliverable: D6.2.1 Date of preparation of the deliverable (latest version): 07/01/2015 Date of approval of the deliverable by the Commission: dd/mm/2015 Dissemination Level: PU

European Commission – Information Society and Media Directorate – General



R E V I S I O N C H A R T A N D H I S T O R Y L O G

Versions

Version

number When Organisation name Comments

0.1 20/12/2014 VUB First version

0.2 05/01/2015 FUB Updated version

0.3 07/01/2015 VUB Updated version

0.9 07/01/2015 FUB, VUB Updated Version

1.0 07/01/2015 FUB Final version

Deliverable quality review

Date Comments

Steering Committee 07/01/2015

Project Manager 07/012015



Executive Summary The first objective is to report on how concepts, technologies and results of the EDISON

project are being communicated to both professionals and non-technical managers having

an interest in this field.

This training tool will enable the above mentioned target groups to understand:

• current and emerging needs in the area of electricity distribution that are on the basis of the

EDISON project;

• how the adopted technologies are useful to develop new services;

• environmental impact of the EDISON solution, especially if compared to existing ones;

• to facilitate on the basis of the results of Pilots user assessment the interaction with the

EDISON technology and technical solutions;

• how to use the stakeholder-based requirements to define the constraints of the EDISON-

based possible services.

The greater part of these aspects has been described through guideline instructions and

web-based multimedia tutorial (off-line help), and all of these tools are available via the

EDISON website.

In addition it has been reported the “cross fertilization” meetings with other EU projects in a

similar domain, and how these meetings helped exchange information, confront and

harmonisation among projects. Finally the participation in Standard Bodies meetings are

shortly reported.



T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................. 3

1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................ 7

1.1 Reference documents ........................................................................................ 8

2 OVERVIEW OF THE TRAINING MATERIALS .................................................. 9

2.1 Technical documentation and installation guidelines ......................................... 9

2.1.1 EDISON booklet ................................................................................................................... 9

2.1.2 EDISON installation manual ............................................................................................... 11

2.1.3 EDISON Software tool........................................................................................................ 19

2.2 Tutorials ........................................................................................................... 20

2.3 Interviews ........................................................................................................ 25

2.4 Scientific/technical training material ................................................................. 26

3 INTERACTIONS WITH SIMILAR PROJECTS AND RELATED INITIATIVES 29

3.1 ETSI workshop on Smart M2M Appliances ..................................................... 29

3.1.1 Workshop aim and topics .................................................................................................... 29

3.1.2 oneM2M work areas............................................................................................................ 30

3.1.3 M2M Service Layer Middleware ........................................................................................ 30

3.2 IEEE CASE Conference .................................................................................. 30

3.3 IEEE Online GreenComm 2013 ....................................................................... 31

3.4 IEEE SmartGridConference ............................................................................. 31

4 CONCLUSIONS ............................................................................................... 33

ANNEX – EDISON BOOKLET .................................................................................. 34



T A B L E O F F I G U R E S

FIG. 1: TOC OF EDISON BOOKLET ....................................................................................10

FIG. 2: FIRST EXTRACT OF EDISON TUTORIAL 1: FOCUS ON ELECTRICAL

INSTALLATION .............................................................................................................21

FIG. 3: SECOND EXTRACT OF EDISON TUTORIAL 1: FOCUS ON ELECTRICAL

INSTALLATION .............................................................................................................22

FIG. 4: FIRST EXTRACT OF EDISON TUTORIAL 2: FOCUS ON ICT ................................23

FIG. 5: SECOND EXTRACT OF EDISON TUTORIAL 2: FOCUS ON ICT ............................24

FIG. 6: EXAMPLE OF INTERVIEW WITH PROJECT MANAGER DARIO DI ZENOBIO ......25

FIG. 7: EXTRACT OF PAPER 2: EXPLANATION OF ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION ..........28

FIG. 8: EXTRACT OF PAPER 3: EXPLANATION ON ICT AND SOFTWARE ......................27

FIG. 9: HIGHLIGHTS FROM ETSI WORKSHOP BRUSSELS MAY 2014 ............................29

G L O S S A R Y

AC Alternating Current

CFL Compact Fluorescent Lamp

CPC Central Power Control

DC Direct Current

ICT Information and Communication Technology

LED Light Emitting Diode

M2M Machine to Machine

PIR Passive InfraRed

REST Representational State Transfer

RS Remote Station

RSP Relay Switching Panel

SANET Sensor and Actuator Network

SELV Safety Extra Low Voltage

SEP Smart Energy Platform

VUB Vrije Universiteit Brussel



P A R T I C I P A N T O R G A N I S A T I O N S

Participant organisation name Short name Country

FONDAZIONE UGO BORDONI FUB Italy

SIELTE SA SIE Romania

TSITALIA TSI Italy

BK TELEMATICS LTD BKT Greece

VRIJE UNIVERSITEIT BRUSSEL VUB Belgium

FONDAZIONE IDIS-CITTÀ DELLA SCIENZA IDIS Italy

COMUNE DI LETTOMANOPPELLO LMP Italy

COMUNE DI MANOPPELLO MNP Italy

COMUNE DI ROCCAMONTEPIANO RMP Italy

SEMPLE & MCKILLOP LTD SMK United Kingdom

ANCITEL SPA ANC Italy

ENEL SOLE S.R.L. ENSO Italy

TRAFFIC OBSERVATION VIA MANAGEMENT

LTD TOM United Kingdom

SOUTHERN HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE

TRUST SHT United Kingdom



1. Introduction

This document will provide the activities performed to make potential interested parties

understand:

• current and emerging needs in the area of electricity distribution that are on the basis of

the EDISON project;

• how the adopted technologies are useful to develop new services;

• environmental impact of the EDISON solution, especially if compared to existing ones;

• how the results of the user assessment are useful to design accessible and

understandable user interaction with the technology.

• how to use the stakeholder-based requirements methodology developed in previous

WPs, to research the complex requirements and constraints for EDISON-based

services.

It also reports on result of interactions with similar projects and related initiatives.



1.1 Reference documents

[RD-1]: EDISON Analysis of Best Practices [D2.2.1]

[RD-2]: EDISON hardware & software design [D3.1.1]

[RD-3]: EDISON Sub-systems & LAB Tests Document [EDISON MS5]

[RD-4]: EDISON Pilot Description & EDISON model [D2.1.1]

[RD-5]: EDISON BOOKLET (Annex to D5.1.1)

[RD-6]: Di Zenobio Dario, De Caro Niccolo, Thielemans Steffen, Steenhaut Kris “EDISON:

An Innovative Lighting Architecture Facilitating Building Automation”, IEEE

International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE 2013),

Madison Wisconsin USA, August 17-21 2013, pp: 237 - 242, eds: Michael Yu Wang,

published by: IEEE Explore, ISBN-ISSN: 978-1-4799-1515-6, 2013

[RD-7]:Celidonio M, Di Zenobio D, Fionda E, Pulcini L, Sergio E: “The EDISON Project:

Enhanced Energy Saving Solution for Lighting using DC Power Supply”; IEEE

Online conference on green communications, 29-31 October 2013.

[RD-8]:Celidonio M. ; Fionda E.;Pulcini L.;Sergio E. ; Di Zenobio D. “A centralised DC power

supply solution for LED lighting networks.”; Energy Conference (ENERGYCON),

2014, Pages: 1137 – 1143, DOI: 10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850566; IEEE

Explore 2014.

[RD-9]:Thielemans Steffen, Di Zenobio Dario, Steenhaut Kris: “Lighting In The Building: A

DC Smart Grid”, IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications,

Venice November 2014 pp: 157 - 162, 2014.

[RD-10]:Jörg Swetina, Guang Lu, Philip Jacobs, François Ennesser, and Jaeseung Song

“Toward A Standardized Common M2m Service Layer Platform: Introduction to

OneM2M” IEEE Wireless Communications • June 2014, Pp20-26

http://140.98.202.196/search/searchresult.jsp?searchWithin=p_Authors:.QT.Celidonio,%20M..QT.&newsearch=true

http://140.98.202.196/search/searchresult.jsp?searchWithin=p_Authors:.QT.Fionda,%20E..QT.&newsearch=true

http://140.98.202.196/search/searchresult.jsp?searchWithin=p_Authors:.QT.Pulcini,%20L..QT.&newsearch=true

http://140.98.202.196/search/searchresult.jsp?searchWithin=p_Authors:.QT.Sergio,%20E..QT.&newsearch=true

http://140.98.202.196/search/searchresult.jsp?searchWithin=p_Authors:.QT.Di%20Zenobio,%20D..QT.&newsearch=true

http://140.98.202.196/xpl/mostRecentIssue.jsp?punumber=6844296



http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ENERGYCON.2014.6850566



2 Overview of the training materials

2.1 Technical documentation and installation guidelines

2.1.1 EDISON BOOKLET

The main goal of the EDISON booklet is to give evidence of any practical aspect handled in

the implementation of the EDISON solution in the Pilot actions realized in the context of the

project, in order to provide all the criteria and the guidelines for replicating the solution

implementation in any category of building, considering the different environmental

constraints, planning alternatives, lighting and energy requirements, which the building might

present.

To this aim, an index of the main topics discussed in the booklet (see Annex 1) is provided:

1. the main features of the basic components of the EDISON platform (Section 2 of the

booklet.

2. the technical alternatives appropriate to the nature and structural characteristics of the

building of interest, considering all the constraints deriving from the existing electrical

infrastructure in retrofitting action (Section 3 of the booklet)

3. regulatory and installing matters, such as prerequisites, cabling details, electrical plant

configuration, etc. to cope with in EDISON implementation (Section 4 of the booklet)

4. advantage of the experiences gained in the case studies, that address both retrofitting

and new installations, reported in Section 5.

Fig.1 shows the table of contents of the EDISON booklet.



Fig. 1: ToC of EDISON booklet



2.1.2 EDISON INSTALLATION MANUAL

The main goal of the EDISON installation manual is to give technical and safety guidelines

for technicians in order to be able to install the EDISON solution in a safe and optimal way. It

draws the attention on safety issues.

NOTE: EDISON Smart Energy Platform (SEP) includes components, communications

system, and auxiliary ports, which operate in safety extra-low voltage (SELV) circuits. To find

out which cable to use with which interface, see the components and their integrating

procedure guide (Sections 2,4 Booklet).

2.1.2.1 SITE PREREQUISITES AND INSTALLATION

For the safe installation and operation of any EDISON device (CPC, RS, lamp, fixture,

sensor, actuator), ensure that the site is properly prepared before beginning the hardware

installation.

The following information will help you ensure that the site is properly prepared:

a) Check at the Main Switch Board the lighting electrical network is completely

separated from the appliances network.

b) Check the power at your site, in the Main Switch Board, to ensure that you are

receiving clean power (free of spikes and noise). Install a power conditioner if

necessary.

c) Choose a site for the electronic parts of EDISON solution that maintains an ambient

temperature of 0 – 40°C (32 – 104°F). Any device is intended for use in a normal

office environment. For more extreme conditions, verify that temperature, humidity,

and power conditions meet the specifications for each EDISON device, reported on

the box of the component. For other specifications, see the hardware guide of the

device.

d) The EDISON platform relies on the building’s safety features for protection against

short-circuit, over-current and earth (grounding) fault, for the AC interface to the main

network. Ensure that the building’s safety features are properly rated for the CPC

Master requirements.

e) Ensure that the device is installed in a secure location where access to the device is

limited to authorized personnel.

In case PV or alternative energy DC source are used, the steps b and d could be avoided.



2.1.2.2 GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT INSTALLATION.

For the professional installation and connection, please consult the relevant laws and

regulations. The requirements of the safety regulations of electrical engineering, the

local employer’s liability insurance association and the international standard IEC 60204 are

to be taken into full consideration.

Mounting location

The EDISON modules must be mounted in control cabinets which is sealed to at least IP54.

The units must be snapped onto a 35 mm mounting rail, which is grounded, as the part of the

circuit operating at 220VAC, the DC circuits must not be grounded. If it is used outside of a

control cabinet a housing with a protection category of IP54 and a mounting rail capability is

recommended.

Cable and wires

The wires of the DC circuits (in the lighting infrastructure, CPC, RS, etc.) must be securely

separated and guided away from the wires of the AC section.

Supply voltage

To safeguard the controller, the DC terminal should be protected with an external fuse and

automatic circuit breaker . The controller and the components should be offline before

beginning the installation.

The supply voltage must conform to the requirements of EN 60204-1, it must bridge a 20 ms

interruption of the supply network. When considering the supply voltage, it must be SELV

(Safety-Extra-Low-Voltage)

NOTE: it is recommended to place any EDISON smart device on a desktop or wall-mount it

in a rack, box, according to its intended use as specified in the hardware guide for the

device.

Both the location of the chassis and the layout of your equipment rack or wiring room are

extremely important for proper system operation.

Devices placed too close together will cause inadequate ventilation and render areas of the

device inaccessible for system maintenance during any system malfunctions or shutdowns.

When planning site lighting layout and equipment locations, follow the precautions described

below to help avoid equipment failures and reduce the possibility of environmentally caused



shutdowns. If you are experiencing shutdowns or unusually high errors with your existing

equipment, these precautions might help to isolate the cause of the failures and prevent

future problems:

• Ensure that the room in which systems operate has adequate air circulation. Electrical

equipment generates heat. Natural air temperature might not be sufficient to cool the

equipment to acceptable operating temperatures without an additional ventilation

system (see the Pilot report of VUB restaurant, etc.).

• Choose a site with a dry, clean, well-ventilated, and air-conditioned area.

2.1.2.3 WARNINGS

• Restricted Access Area Warning

Only trained and qualified personnel should install or replace the EDISON devices.

Any device is intended for installation in restricted access areas.

A restricted access area is an area to which access can be gained only by service

personnel through the use of a special tool, lock and key, or other means of security,

and which is controlled by the authority responsible for the location.

• Lighting Activity

Do not work on the devices, or connect or disconnect any device, during lighting

activity.

• Fire Suppression and Fire Suppression Equipment

In the event of an electrical hazard or fire, first turn off power to the equipment at the

source. Then use a Type C fire extinguisher to extinguish the fire. Type C fire

extinguishers use noncorrosive fire retardants such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and

Halotron™ and are most effective for suppressing electrical fires. Type C fire

extinguishers displace the oxygen from the point of combustion to eliminate the fire.

For extinguishing fire on or around equipment that draws air from the environment for

cooling, use this type of inert oxygen displacement extinguisher instead of an

extinguisher that leaves residue on equipment.

2.1.2.4 EDISON SENSOR/ACTUATOR NETWORK (SANET) INSTALLATION MANUAL

This manual reports some information about technical aspects and installation of sensors

and actuators that can be applied in the EDISON platform.



A wide selection of occupancy and vacancy sensors, commonly referred to as "motion

sensors" or "motion light sensors" for commercial and residential applications, could be used

in EDISON solution, as mentioned in the booklet. These state-of-the-art devices use passive

infrared, ultrasonic or a combined multi-sensing technology. From wall and ceiling mount to

wall switch (wired and wireless as well), the commercial motion sensors enhance

convenience, security and provide smart energy saving solutions for both indoor and outdoor

use. It could be useful to recall the main features and functionalities of the lighting sensors

(presence and daylight) compliant with EDISON solution.

It should be noticed that with the presence detectors every option is open for energy-efficient

and intelligent lighting control. In addition to classic use for lighting control in offices, corridors

and public buildings, it can be also controlled heating and air-conditioning based on

presence.

This is how EDISON saves on energy and considerably reduce CO2 emissions. Presence

detectors react to the smallest of movements and measure room brightness at the same

time. If no more movement is detected, or an individually set brightness value is exceeded,

the presence detector automatically switches off the signal-relay (Ohmic contact).

Some useful tips and advice on the selection, installation and set-up of presence/luminosity

(often all in one) detectors are listed below:

.

a) Technology: How does a presence detector work?

b) Light measurement: Real daylight measurement, mixed light measurement and

constant light control

c) Application: Which is the right presence detector?

d) Installation: Correct installation of presence detector

e) Set-up: Correct setting of presence detector

f) Further information on presence detectors

a) Technology: How does a presence detector work?

Presence detectors – also referred to as PIR (Passive InfraRed) – work according to the

same principle as . The detectors log thermal radiation in their environment or in their

detection area. If thermal radiation is detected in the monitored area in the event, for

example, of a person approaching the presence detector, the presence detector converts

them into a measureable, electric signal and the signal-relay is switched on.

The difference between motion and presence detectors is in the sensor sensitivity. Presence

detectors have clearly more sensitive sensors than motion detectors and log the smallest of

movements. The sensitive sensors divide the detection area of a presence detector

http://www.theben.de/en




http://www.theben.de/en/Presence-detector-for-the-energy-efficient-lighting-control#technik

http://www.theben.de/en/Presence-detector-for-the-energy-efficient-lighting-control#light


http://www.theben.de/en/Presence-detector-for-the-energy-efficient-lighting-control#application

http://www.theben.de/en/Presence-detector-for-the-energy-efficient-lighting-control#installation

http://www.theben.de/en/Presence-detector-for-the-energy-efficient-lighting-control#start-up

http://www.theben.de/en/Presence-detector-for-the-energy-efficient-lighting-control#info







evenly into up to 1000 areas. Like a chessboard, the areas are pulled through the entire

detection area. Even minor changes in the thermal image, such as typing on the keyboard in

the large office area, are logged. A motion detector, on the other hand, only reacts to larger

changes in the thermal image and is therefore primarily only suitable for being used outdoors

or indoor with the help of some software tool (as in EDISON). Another difference between

motion and presence detectors is the light measurement. A motion detector measures

brightness once if the light is switched on because of a movement. If it continues to log

movement, e.g. in the morning in an office, the light remains switched on although daylight

would have been sufficient and the set brightness value has long since been

exceeded. Contrary to this, the presence detectors permanently measure the brightness: If

an individually set brightness value is exceeded, the presence detector switches off - even if

it detects movement. Apart from energy costs, this also saves on a lot of CO2.

In addition to the conventional 230 version, presence detectors are also available as 24

VDC, 12 VDC version (both usable in EDISON) or as KNX presence detector.

b)Light measurement

The lighting control with presence detectors based, in part, on the logged movements and on

the other on the light measurement. Presence detectors permanently measure the brightness

in the room. Through such permanent light measurement the presence detector is in a

position not only to switch on signal-relay when there is not enough daylight, but also to

switch off again when there is sufficient daylight. It sounds very easy, in fact the presence

detector must be able to assess, when artificial light is switched on, whether after switching

off there is enough daylight. There are two different methods available: "Real daylight

measurement" and "Mixed light measurement".

Mixed light measurement

When measuring mixed light the presence detector measures the total between artificial light

and daylight. To switch off the artificial light when there is increasing daylight at the right

moment, the presence detector must know the proportion of artificial light. This value can be

learned by the detector automatically by constantly analyzing the lighting switching

processes in the room. This enables it to calculate the current daylight intensity at any time

from the total measured brightness. The advantage of mixed light measurement is that it

works with every light source: LEDs, halogen and fluorescent lamps can be used. The mixed

light measurement is the basis for the constant light control. Typical application

fields: production buildings where a specific brightness level is legally stipulated.








http://www.theben.de/en/Products/Home-and-Building-control/KNX





Constant light control

When measuring mixed light, the presence detector constantly measures the total daylight

and artificial light. It adjusts the desired brightness value from these two light sources. On a

misty or rainy morning the available daylight is less and the proportion of artificial light is

selected to be higher by the presence detector to reach the desired brightness level in the

room. If the sun breaks through over the course of the morning and there is increased light

through the windows, the presence detector reduces the proportion of artificial light. The

brightness level in the room therefore remains constant, regardless of the incidence of

daylight.

c) Application: Which presence detector is the right one?

When choosing the right presence detector the use in the room plays a decisive role: is it

a "lounge with seated persons" or a "transit area with walking persons" that is to be

monitored?

Seated activities: Presence detector for ceiling mounting

A ceiling mounted presence detector is suitable for an office, a classroom or a conference

room. From the ceiling the presence detector has an "unobstructed view" of everyone and

their movement. Since the distance between people and the presence detector is

limited throughout the entire detection area there is an equally high detection sensitivity.

Walking movements: Presence detector for wall mounting

For the detection of walking persons in corridors or hallways presence detectors for wall

mounting are ideal with a detection area of 180° or a ceiling model with far-reaching

detection areas. With the wall mounting the detection areas are transmitted horizontally in

the room and expand a considerable distance. This means that even walking movements

diagonal to the presence detector at a distance can be captured. If someone goes straight up

to the presence detector the sensitivity is reduced.

d) Installation: correct installation of presence detector

The following points should be taken into account during installation to enable optimum

functionality and avoiding sources of interference:

Anything that can limit the view of the presence detector should be avoided: e.g. hanging

lights, partitions, shelves or even large plants.

Sudden temperature changes in the environment of the presence detector caused by the

switching on or off of fan heaters or fans simulate movement.







Lights which are coming on or going off in the vicinity of the detection area (e.g. light bulbs

and halogen lamps at a distance of <1 m) simulate movement and can lead to incorrect

switchings.

Automatically moving objects such as machines, robots etc. simulate movement signals

(possible temperature differences e.g. watch robots or similar.)

Objects which are slow to heat up do not compromise the operation of the presence detector:

Heating radiators (lateral distance from lines and radiators > 0.5 m),

Room air-conditioning systems provided that warm incoming air is not directed at the

presence detector,

Sunlit surface

e) Set up: Correct setting of presence detector

If the presence detector is installed it is possible to proceed to adjust the lux values. This is

carried out using a potentiometer on the device. Some presence detectors can also be easily

set and corrected from the ground via remote control. Since "too dark" or "too light" varies

according to personal perception, the setting of the correct lux value individually is very

different. Here is a short summary of different light scenarios and their lux values:

Bright sunny day 100,000 lx

Overcast summer day 20,000 lx

In the shade in the summer 10,000 lx

Operating theatre 10,000 lx

Overcast winter's day 3,500 lx

TV studio lighting 1,000 lx

Office/room lighting 500 lx

Corridor lighting 100 lx

Street lighting 15 lx

Candle at a distance of approx. 1

meter

1 lx

Full moon 0,25 lx

Clear night sky (new moon) 0,001 lx

f) Further information on presence detectors

The sensors are usually available as Automatic-ON (occupancy) or Manual-ON (vacancy)

models. In EDISON only automatic-ON sensors are used.

AUTOMATIC–ON OPERATION (Occupancy Sensors)


http://www.theben.de/en/Presence-detector-for-the-energy-efficient-lighting-control#info



Occupancy sensors switch goes ON automatically when motion is detected. This information

is sent to the RS board (Arduino) that switch the lights ON as long as the device detects

activity in the sensor zone. Lights may also be switched OFF at any time by manually

pressing the Aut/Man selector.

For the aspects regarding this installation manual it is important to know that the sensor

should have:

- Screw terminals for easier installation

- Variety of models for control of LED, CFL, Incandescent, Halogen, Fluorescent ballast

or Motor loads could be used.

- 180° Field of View, up to 900 sq. ft. coverage to make these devices suitable for use in

large areas such as basements, garages and living rooms

- Low profile design blends in with walls for a discreet appearance

- Ambient light override (optional) prevents occupancy sensors from switching ON when

there is ample natural sunlight

- Adjustable delayed OFF time which can be set for 30 seconds, 5 minutes, 15 minutes

or 30 minutes (step by step) or from 10sec to 30 min. continuously for effective

energy management

- Neutral not required for EDISON technical compatibility.

- IPV05, IPV02 Compliant.

- Switching technology: Relay Sensor – IPS02 / IPV02 / IPS05 / IPV05

- Single pole only

- Relay-based sensor for reliable switching

- No neutral required for ease of installation in homes where neutral is not available or,

as in EDISON, only 2 supply wires are used

- No Ground required for operation

About the other features, normal ranges are acceptable (Operating Temperature 0°C to

40°C, Relative Humidity 20% to 90% non-condensing, Storage Temperature -10°C to 85°C).

About the daylight sensor when separated from the presence: technical general

characteristics as above; normally it could be operated under software control tool (as in

EDISON). See further sensor features reported in the EDISON booklet.

About other sensors devoted to services different from lighting or presence control, their

characteristics depend on the service they are devoted to.



2.1.3 EDISON SOFTWARE TOOL

This section explains how the software has to be configured and loaded on the different

components. A customized firmware on each Remote Station, depending on the pilot

specifications (being the number and type of sensors and actuators different in each site),

must be developed.

How to proceed:

If not yet installed,

1) install the Arduino IDE software from the provided CD/USB or from www.arduino.cc.

This guide is based on Arduino v1.0 but is likely compatible with more recent versions.

The required drivers for the Arduino devices are also provided in this installation;

2) copy the required libraries, provided on CD/USB, to the Arduino IDE software

installation. These libraries contain critical code required for compiling the EDISON RS

firmware. The typical Arduino installation path is: “c:/Program Files

(x86)/Arduino/libraries”;

3) open the Arduino IDE software and navigate to File -> Open in order to open the

desired Arduino sketch (source code). Multiple example sketches are available for

typical EDISON pilot installations. In case an EDISON installer has made the

installation, the used Arduino sketches should be provided on the CD/USB;

4) make the required changes in the sketch to match the exact EDISON pilot

configuration. This configuration includes among others the type of sensors and

actuators, the pin layout, Modbus address, etc. Modification of this configuration is

relatively easy due to the modular structure. See the examples for further information

which component has which function.

Once the configuration is completed it is time to compile the modified firmware which can be

done by Sketch -> Verify/Compile. In case of an error, either the required EDISON libraries

are not installed correctly in the Arduino IDE, or there is an error due to incorrectly modifying

the sketch.

The final step is to upload the firmware to the Arduino board. Attach an Arduino board

through USB with the computer and open the Arduino IDE. Select the corresponding serial

port via the menu Tools -> Serial port. Furthermore make sure that Tools -> Board is set to

Arduino. We have now configured the IDE to communicate with the Arduino board.

Upload the firmware via File -> Upload. In case there is an error, it is likely due to the

selection of a wrong serial port, or due to the lack of the (correct) drivers.



2.2 Tutorials

Two tutorials are available on the project’s web site. The first one introduces the EDISON

concept and explains the advantages of the solution in terms of cost and energy efficiency. It

has a focus on the electrical installation aspects. It also discussed the communication and

ICT issues.



Fig. 2: First extract of EDISON tutorial 1: focus on Electrical installation



Fig. 3: Second extract of EDISON tutorial 1: focus on Electrical installation



Fig. 4: First extract of EDISON tutorial 2: focus on ICT



Fig. 5: Second extract of EDISON tutorial 2: focus on ICT



2.3 Interviews

In order to familiarise stakeholders with the EDISON concepts, several interviews are available that

reinforce the message given in the tutorials and mainly accentuate the gains obtained through the

adoption of the EDISON solution.

1. Interview with Dario Di Zenobio on EDISON solution and expected Energy Savings (English

version)

http://www.veoh.com/watch/yapi-

uGBV5yhjFU4?h1=Edison+project+energy+saving+and+smart+lighting

2. Interview with Dario Di Zenobio on EDISON solution and expected Energy Savings (Italian

version, English subtitles)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZZlg_rkMXVg

3. Interview with K. Steenhaut on realised savings at VUB restaurant pilot:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3KA2Qr5bbhM

4. Testimony on EDISON savings by Mayor of Manoppello, Dr. Gennaro Matarazzo:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Td2nUL7MFVY

and other interviews about the pilots.

Fig. 6: Example of Interview with project manager Dario Di Zenobio



2.4 Scientific/technical training material

To get a scientific description of the EDISON solution, its strengths and unique features, 4

technical scientific papers are available and a fifth one will be submitted.

Paper 1 [RD-6] introduces the EDISON approach in a general way and discusses the advantages

compared to other solutions.

Paper 2 [RD-9] again summarizes the unique features of the EDISON solution and shows which

services are made available through the EDISON platform. It introduces the four layered structure

of the Edison platform which consists of a Sensing and Actuating layer and SANET (Sensing and

Actuating Network), A networking layer (Ethernet, PowerLAN, WIFI etc…), a service layer

(exposing the different services offered by the EDISON platform) and an Application layer with

APIs offered to the end-user (e.g. building manager). The interfacing with the EDISON sensor and

actuating/measurement services is done through a RESTful interface; meaning that the

sensors/actuators are reachable through an HTTP like web interface. REST stands for

Representational State Transfer. (It is sometimes spelled "ReST") It relies on a stateless, client-

server, cacheable communications protocol -- and in virtually all cases, the HTTP protocol is

used. REST is an architecture style for designing networked applications.

Paper 3 and 4 [RD-7, RD-8] discuss the overall architecture of the EDISON solution focusing on all

the electrical components and the ICT components and the way they are put together to realize the

EDISON platform.

Paper 5 has been prepared and will be submitted to IEEE consumer electronics and will focus on

the realization of the SANET and its integration in the EDISON solution.



Fig. 7: Extract of paper 2: Explanation on ICT and software



Fig. 8: Extract of paper 3: explanation of electrical installation

29

3 Interactions with similar projects and related initiatives

3.1 ETSI workshop on Smart M2M Appliances

3.1.1 WORKSHOP AIM AND TOPICS

The ETSI workshop on Smart M2M Appliances took place on 27 & 28 May 2014 in Brussels. The

workshop was attended by K. Steenhaut and project leader D. Di Zenobio.

This workshop is important to understand in which way the standardisation of the semantics for a

service based (RESTfull) approach is going to evolve.

This workshop allowed us to discuss with manufacturers and solution providers for smart building

and smart appliances. The talk given by Manuel Díaz Rodriguez entitled “Costs of connecting

appliances in EEBuildings” proposed several approaches amongst which an approach similar to

EDISON was considered a good option.

Fig. 9: Highlights from ETSI workshop Brussels May 2014

( source: http://www.etsi.org/news-events/events/760-2014-05-dg-connect-etsi-workshop-on-smart-appliances )

The ETSI M2M workshop vision is well summarized in the abstract of [M2M]:

“At present, most M2M solutions in different industries use proprietary systems that often comprise

all layers, from physical to application, to provide their specialized M2M services to customers.

These proprietary systems make it difficult to extend systems to support new services, integrate

new data, and interoperate with other M2M systems. This issue motivated various standard

organizations to establish a new partnership project, the “oneM2M Global Initiative,” to

standardize a common M2M service layer platform for globally applicable and access-independent

M2M services.”

30

On July 24, 2012 seven of the world’s leading ICT Standards Development Organizations (SDOs)

launched a new global organisation: the oneM2M partnership project: http://www.oneM2M.org

oneM2M is working to unify the Global M2M Community, by enabling the federation and

interoperability of M2M systems, across multiple networks and topologies. A global standard

across various industry verticals is necessary to ensure easier use of M2M technology, data

interoperability, and efficient development of M2M systems.

It is important to be aware of this evolution, in particular for allowing the EDISON RESTfull API to

be translated into the core standard for M2M that is under development. More interesting details

can be found in [RD-10].

3.1.2 ONEM2M WORK AREAS

WG1 – Requirements

• Input accepted on more than 100 service requirements

WG2 – Architecture

• Distilling service‐layer architectural options

WG3 – Protocols

• Assessing protocols for service layer, and interoperability

WG4 – Security

• Ensuring Security and Privacy aspects are considered

WG5 – Management & Semantics

• Providing device management; Working on semantic library

3.1.3 M2M SERVICE LAYER MIDDLEWARE

Supporting secure end-to-end data/control exchange between M2M devices and customer

applications by providing functions for remote provisioning & activation, authentication,

encryption, connectivity setup, buffering, synchronization, aggregation and device

management. It is a software layer that:

sits between M2M applications and communication HW/SW that provides data transport

normally rides on top of IP

provides functions that M2M applications across different industry segments

3.2 IEEE CASE Conference

The IEEE CASE conference took place in Madison (Wisconsin-US) from 17th till 20th of August

2013.

31

The IEEE CASE conference is the flagship conference of IEEE Robotics and Automation Society.

The conference aims to bring together researchers in automation from both industry and

academia, together with industrial practitioners, to present and discuss the latest advances and

developments in automation science and engineering.

The IEEE CASE conference was attended by K. Steenhaut and project leader D. Di Zenobio who

presented the Edison project [RD-6].

3.3 IEEE Online GreenComm 2013

IEEE OnlineGreenComm Conference was held from 3 to 6th of November 2014. The Conference

was completely online and covered a wide spectrum of research subjects, including green

methodologies and architectures for communication technologies, communication technologies as

enablers for green solutions, energy efficient in Smart Grid comunications and energy

management.

The Information and Communications Technology sector (ICT) is one of the sectors with the

highest potential to reduce the growing worldwide electricity consumption if appropriate measures

are taken in a timely manner. IEEE OnlineGreenComm addressed this challenge not only from a

technical perspective, but adopted the philosophy of an integrated online approach where online

conferencing complemented the already established processes for online paper handling and

publication. In contrast to physical attendance and in view of the technical subjects addressed by

IEEE OnlineGreenComm, this integrated conferencing philosophy provided a more suitable

approach from an ecological point of view in which “energy efficiency is discussed energy-

efficiently”.

Massimo Celidonio from FUB, during this Conference, presented a paper entitled: “The EDISON

Project: Enhanced Energy Saving Solution for Lighting using DC Power Supply” [RD-7] mainly

focused on the innovative solution of using DC power supply for the lighting infrastructure.

3.4 IEEE SmartGridConference

This IEEE SmartGridComm Conference on Smart Grid Communication was held in Venice from

from 3 to 6th of November 2014. This event provided a forum to discuss all aspects that are

relevant to smart grid communication and information technologies, bringing together researchers

and practitioners from academia, industry, and government institutions, with backgrounds in

communication, energy, control, signal processing, and information systems to exchange ideas,

explore enabling technologies, discuss innovative designs, and share field trial experiences and

lessons learned. http://sgc2014.ieee-smartgridcomm.org/

32

As summarised on the above mentioned website the latest evolutions in the context of ICT for

smart grids are being discussed:

“The evolution of today’s electricity grids into smart grids is a key element for the sustainable

economic, environmental and societal growth worldwide. The migration to smarter grids requires

the integration and exploitation of information and communication technologies. However, it is not

obvious which communication technologies will be integrated into electricity grids and in what way.

Communication systems need to be seen as part of a larger system of systems, including in

particular energy, control, and information processing systems to support two-way energy flows,

the automatic management of power outages, the integration of renewable energy sources and

allowing the consumers to play an active role in energy production and consumption. The overlap

of disciplines is part of the specific challenge and appeal of smart grid communications research

and development.”

Steffen Thielemans (VUB) presented the EDISON idea and the obtained ICT contribution in the

energy savings, together with project leader Dario Di Zenobio [RD-9]. Some suggestions from the

audience (e.g. on automatic configuration) are being taken into account.

33

4 Conclusions

The training material available in relation to the EDISON project is devoted to several types of

audiences.

The stakeholders who just want to have a global idea on the implementation effort/cost and the

benefits in terms of energy usage can concentrate on the EDISON leaflets, flyers and the

interviews.

The stakeholders who want a deeper technical insight in the functioning of the solution can consult

the tutorials and the EDISON booklet. For a deeper study, they can consult the technical/scientific

papers published on the project.

Technicians who will be responsible for implementing EDISON at their premises must consult,

apart from the present training manual, the booklet together the above mentioned installation

guidelines dealing with electrical ICT and software installation.

The EDISON project team has linked with several initiatives on standardization from physical level

till application level. Obviously the training activity has been complementary to a full dissemination

the project idea and results. In any meeting further than just presenting the EDISON solution, on

the basis of results, documentation a strong exchange of information took place. Vigorously any

partner has supported the solution and has provided to interested audience all the general

technical information, by illustrating the advantages and benefits. On the basis of such an

experience and obviously the one matured in the pilots activity, it was possible to summarize in a

document the most important indications for implementing the EDISON solution and to highlight

the critical parts of the platform implementation.

This variagated activity has requested, apart from the mandatory involvement of the partners

managing the training task, the collaboration of all the other partners as well and mainly of the

Project Manager even not planned in the DoW.

34

ANNEX – EDISON Booklet

35

SEVENTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME THEME 1- ICT FOR A LOW CARBON ECONOMY AND SMART MOBILITY

Project acronym: EDISON Project full title: Energy Distribution Infrastructure for Ssl Operative Networks Grant agreement no.: 297386 (CIP-ICT PSP-2011-5) Grant agreement for: CIP – Pilot Actions

Guidelines Booklet

Date of preparation of the document (latest version): 09/10/2014

European Commission – Information Society and Media Directorate - General

36

1 Introduction

The main goal of the document is to give evidence of any practical aspect handled in the

implementation of the EDISON solution in the Pilot actions realized in the context of the project, in

order to provide all the criteria and the guidelinesfor replicating the solution implementation in any

category of building, considering the different environmental constraints, planning alternatives,

lighting and energy requirements, which the building might present.

To this aim, after a brief overview about the main features of the basic components of the EDISON

platform in section 2, the section 3 describes the technical alternatives appropriate to the nature

and structural characteristics of the building of interest, also taking advantage from the experiences

gained in the case studies reported in section 5, referred to the most representative project Pilots.

Finally, in section 4 are gathered both regulatory and installing matters (prerequisites, cabling

details, configuration, etc.).

37

2 Components

The goal of the EDISON project is to design and validate the proposed solution of energy efficiency

for public buildings, by integrating a DC energy distribution system with advanced ICT components

and systems in order to realize a Smart Energy Platform (SEP) which allows the reduction of

energy losses and consumptions.

The wired infrastructure resulting from the implementation of the EDISON platform constitutes a

sort of widespread integrated power line/digital network, indicated as “PowerLAN” in the rest of the

present document. In particular, the functionality of this smart network, and related data, is

managed by an intelligent monitoring and controlling system, integrated in specific electric panels,

named Central Power Control (CPC), which are connected to the LED luminaires through

Remote Stations (RSs), located into standardlight Switch Boxes (SBs).

2.1 Basic elements

The basic elements of the EDISON platform are, as above mentioned, the CPC and the RS.

The CPC feeds all the lighting sections linked to it, ensuring the correct provision of the illumination

service in the areas of interest, and manages all the actuators and ICT components which are

included in the lighting infrastructures, by means of an opportunely dimensioned number of

Remote Stations (RS). In their turn, the RSs are in charge of switching on/off the corresponding

lamps enclosed in the lighting section they control, on the basis of the information gathered about

the status of the sensors (light and presence) operating in the same lighting section.

These operations are made possible by means of a low voltage DC pair of wires (Line + Neutral),

48 VDC, used for feeding the LED lamps, in addition to another pair of wires, the AC third wire

(Earth) of the existing lighting infrastructure coupled with the common Neutral wire, used as

“DATA” wires in the PowerLAN (see Figure 1).

The collected data are, consequently, transmitted via wired (where necessary wireless as well) link

from the CPC to a Supervision Centre, using PowerLine modems (PLC) or Wi-Fi devices, with the

goal to allow the monitoring and recording of all the information related to the lighting network

status.

Both the CPC and RS elements will be briefly described in the following subsections, providing

details on their way of exchanging data.

38

Figure 1: General architecture of the EDISON platform

2.1.1 ELECTRICAL CABLE FEATURES

The PowerLAN can be implemented both in wireless and wired mode.

The first case can be adopted in presence of sensors and/or actuators that are not directly

connected to the PowerLAN for both data and power supply. In this situation the CPC

communicates with them via a wireless interface (WiFi), allowing to cover every hard-to-reach

corner of the building.

On the contrary, for the second case the wires requested to connect the EDISON components

should have the following requirements:

- 1.5 mm2 two wires (L+N) for feeding the lamps;

- 1.5 mm2 two wires (N+E) for managing the data transmission.

The tripolar cable size is the one currently adopted in the lighting infrastructure of a building and

are compliant with the requirement of sustaining a current load similar to the one resulting fromthe

traditional 220 VAC feedings. The

reduced power load requested by LED lamps with respect to the commonly used fluorescent

lamps, in fact, allows to have almost the same current load also in presence of a reduced voltage

feeding (from 220 VAC to 48 VDC).

Further specifications will be provided in section 4.2.

39

Figure 2: Tripolar cable requested to connect the EDISON components

2.1.2 REMOTE STATION

The RS, in its more complete version, is a device able to control the status of the sensors

connected to it (up to a maximum of 4 units), and to switch on/off the lamps located in proximity of

them by means of a dedicated firmware which enables the reception of an appropriate command

from a supervision centre or, in alternative, enables an autonomous dimmering command on the

basis of the brightness degree of the corresponding lighting section.

Figure 3: RS block diagram

40

It is integrated on a standard DIN box, and includes:

- a microcontroller board (e.g. Arduino) which could manage a single or multiple lighting

sections (up to a maximum of 4 units), piloting the LED dimmable drivers used to feed the

LED lamps with a constant current;

- an automatic/manual and on/off switch/relay for each lighting section to toggle from

Automatic to Manual (A/M) function mode, in order to avoid false or uncontrolled

commutation of the A/M switch.

The connections of the wires, the ones illustrated in the previous Figure 2, are indicated in the data

sheet included in any RS Box. In particular, all the connections towards:

LED Lamps (two wires: blue and brown)

Actuators and Sensors (blue and yellow/green)

are made via the existing electrical tripolar cable.

2.1.3 CENTRAL POWER CONTROL

This EDISON main component feeds directly each linked lighting section with DC voltage supply

and allows to the supervision centre to force the ON/OFF switching of the lamps, making possible

the information exchange with the corresponding RSs via the EDISON data communication link

(blue and yellow/green) implementing ModBus or LIN communication protocol. In the existing

Pilots ModBus protocol has been chosen.

Furthermore, when the lighting infrastructure is not directly powered by renewable energy sources,

also the AC/DC conversion is performed inside the CPC.

It can be ideally divided into three sections, which include, as indicated in Figure 4:

- Circuit breaker, in order to guarantee protection from damage caused by overload or short

circuit;

- AC/DC converters, dimensioned according to the total power requested by the controlled

lighting sections;

- Smart power meters, in order to record the power consumptions, making the measured data

available to the supervision centre;

- Ethernet switch, PLC module, or Wi-Fi devices, to allow the wired or wireless communication

with the RSs and/or the Supervision Centre;

- Microcontroller board (Raspberry PI, Arduino Ethernet), which allows the remote control of

multiple RS, by recording, and forwarding to the Supervision Centre, the information

received from the RSs.

41

Figure 4: General CPC block diagram

2.1.4 SMART METERS

Smart Metering System is a basic block of the EDISON Smart Energy Platform (SEP), devoted to

the measurement of the energy consumptions of the lighting infrastructure of the building, also to

increase awareness among users of their behaviour in relation to the use of the lighting system.

In particular, the EDISON smart metering system combines automatic data storage with monitoring

and reporting features, in order to transmit collected data to a supervision centre, which can be

remotely managed and contributes to make these data available in graphic format with a

predetermined granularity (from hourly to yearly) for selected time periods.

For this reason, it is a software-driven system supporting an RS485 output (for communicate with a

remote PC) and implementing the MODBUS protocol which is a very popular application layer

messaging protocol for client/server communication used by metering systems and sensors.

In alternative, the smart meter can also be connected to a remote PC through a wireless

connection.

42

3 Technical aspects

3.1 Architectural configurations

In order to be integrated with the existing lighting infrastructures of the building in which it can be

adopted, the EDISON solution has been designed to operate in three different configurations:

a) the first reference model addresses plants where the lighting infrastructure is separated from

the EMF infrastructure (as it is mandatory respecting the rules) and a single electrical

switchboard panel controls the overall electrical network (see Figure 5).

Figure 5: Electrical Network with a single electrical switchboard panel

This configuration consists of one CPC and one RS for each lighting section (where the

lighting section is the part of the lighting network controlled by a switch, and normally

included in a room), generally located at the Junction Box. The CPC includes a Smart

Metering System able to measure the power consumptions and making available the

measured data to the supervision centre. The RS includes a switch/relay to toggle from

Automatic to Manual (A/M) operation (see Figure 6).

Every single lighting section (including RS, sensors and LED lamps) is fed by the L and N

wires, while the data exchange is performed through the Earth and Neutral wires (DATA

cable).

43

Figure 6: First architectural solution of the EDISON platform

b) The second one addresses plants where the separation of the lighting and EMF

infrastructures is not available at the main switchboard, but is performed locally. It means

that a master electrical switchboard panel controls local slave panels; this means that a

multihierarchical CPC architecture should be implemented for data exchange (see Figure

7):

Figure 7: Electrical Network with Master & Slave electrical switchboard panels

This configuration consists of a CPC-Master (Main Switchboard), a CPC-Slave for each

building section (group of rooms, floor, etc.) and a RS for each lighting section. The CPC-

Master is in charge of measuring the power consumptions, making available the measured

data to the supervision centre. In addition, it allows the wired communication between the

CPC-Slave and the supervision centre. No AC/DC conversion is performed at this level.

44

The CPC-Slave feeds and manages several lighting sections by controlling the

corresponding RS units. It receives the general information of the lighting section, the

status of sensors, from the RS and communicates them to the supervision centre by means

of wired (X10 standard) or wireless ( WiFi standard) links.

The RS is in charge of turning on/off the lamps according to the sensors status. In addition

it elaborates, records and forwards the information received from sensors to the CPC-Slave

(see Figure 8).

Figure 8: Second architectural solution of the EDISON platform

c) The last reference model addresses plants where the lighting infrastructure operates with a

relay system (see Figure 9).

Figure 9: Electrical Network with a relay system

In this case, the RS is included in the CPC and the lamps of a lighting section are turned

on/off by means of a relay inside the CPC. In other words, the CPC manages the whole

lighting infrastructure by controlling a battery of relay switches (see Figure 10).

In each lighting section, sensors are feeded by the DC power supply provided by the CPC

(L+N wires) and their status is sent to the microcontroller through the corresponding DATA

wire (Earth wire).

45

Figure 10: Third architectural solution of the EDISON platform

As a result of what above mentioned, it is evident that all the three described configurations have

the following common key features:

Line + Neutral wires are used for the 48VDC power supply;

Earth wire is used as data communication bus in the PowerLAN;

compliance with SELV systems.

3.2 Software tools

Although the EDISON idea is basically an hardware solution designed to directly contribute to

reduce energy losses and consumptions in public buildings, its effectiveness is strictly linked to the

functionalities of the software tools proposed in the project for allowing the control and managing of

the data exchange realized through the SEP, with the aim of giving evidence of the expected

results in terms of energy saving, efficiency, real-time operations, etc..

These software tools run on a specific supervision centre where all the data originated in the ICT

components and systems integrated in the electrical power supply infrastructure of the building are

collected, and are essentially of two types: an energy monitor software, specifically developed in

the context of the EDISON project, and an ICT software tool, which is based on a commercial

solution opportunely modified with the aim of making it interoperable with EDISON devices.

The first one is based on Java language, able to run on multiple environments (windows pc, mac,

Linux etc.), and is part of a system devoted to the measurement and data logging of energy

consumptions of the lighting elements of the building after EDISON implementation, making these

data available for accurately calculating energy savings derived from the use of the EDISON

platform.

From an architectural point of view, this energy monitoring system consists of the following parts

(see Figure 11):

• Energy Meter;

• RS485 to Ethernet Converter;

• Energy Meter Application;

• Database;

• Energy Monitor Software.

46

Figure 11: Smart metering architecture in EDISON

In particular, the energy monitor software runs on a PC server with the role of managing all the

meters operating in the building, reading all available parameters, processing them and finally

storing the data on a local Database. The PC Server communicates with the meters through a

MODBUS protocol, by means of a TCP/IP interface.

Additionally, this software tool is responsible for processing and presenting to the user the data

gathered from the energy meters (both real time measurements and historical data), allowing

readings based on hourly, daily, weekly, monthly and yearly timeframe (see Figure 12 and Figure

13).

Figure 12: Energy consumption per day for one week

47

Figure 13: Active power for phase 1 and 2 for time period of 24h

Data storage is made on a MySQL Database that can work with different metering systems as well

as different kind of sensors (temperature, presence, light intensity etc.). It consists of multiple

tables and has triggers for detecting changes in the CPC smart meters (addition of new meters, re-

configurations, etc.) which are used to update the metering application tool.

The second software tool adopted in the EDISON project, the ICT software tool selected for

monitoring the installed sensors and controlling the status of LED lamps, is OpenRemote, which

allows to visualize and control each component of the lighting section.

It is an open source tool configured via the Ready Access Portal (RAP) graphics capability, which provides the building manager to improve the building energy management. The whole lighting infrastructure of the building can be supervised and controlled through any pc or mobile device.

The software tool consists of:

The controller

The database

The graphical user interface

The database and the open remote controller run on a dedicated server located at the

Supervision Centre Office. The controller is responsible for :

Checking the status of each lighting section

Checking the status of the presence/motion sensors

Turning on /off the lamps in each section

In Figure 14 and Figure 15 are shown some screen shots of the software interfaces

developed for a specific EDISON Pilot.

48

Figure 14: OpenRemote Home Screen

Figure 15: Main Screen of the Software for controlling the led lamps

49

4 Installation aspects

The AC-DC power supply infrastructure, which feeds the LED lamps of a building to be compliant

to the one proposed in the EDISON solution, has to use (mandatory) a combination of:

- a centralized AC/DC converter to feed the LED drivers,

- a group of drivers (DC/CC) fed by the same converter, designed to feed the LED lamps with the

requested DC current (e.g. 500mA, 700mA, 1000mA, etc.).

The possibility to have the driver not inside the tube, but externally, represents a strong advantage

because it allows separating the more vulnerable to failure LED drivers from the more expensive

diodes inside the LED tube, as well as keeping the heat produced by the AC-DC converter far

away from the LED PCBs. So doing, the EDISON approach allows to implement a hybrid

distribution layer, where the low-voltage power supply network does not replace the AC one in a

building, but complements it, with the goal to efficiently aggregate or eliminate multiple AC to DC

conversions, thereby making devices simpler, safer and more flexible in use, and this operation

cannot be simply carried out in the old tube socket.

The user must do some re-wiring, and may need an electrician. An EDISON “Help Desk “, for

technical training and assistance, will be activated in the early 2015, and will be supported by

TSItalia and Sielte.

4.1 Prerequisites of the lighting infrastructure

One of the key aspect of the EDISON solution is represented by its capability to be implemented

both in energy retrofitting actions, replacing the existing lighting power supply infrastructure with “a

48 VDC Extra Low Voltage Lighting Power Distribution Network”, and in new buildings

construction, making the corresponding lighting infrastructure “native EDISON” compliant.

In this last case, obviously, the implementation of the EDISON platform results easier, being not

influenced by constraints due to the pre-existing infrastructure.

On the contrary, in the first case it should be taken into account a well defined set of prerequisites

which need to be considered in the designing phase of the EDISON platform for the specific

building, especially in presence of an historical building with more stringent constraints.

More in detail:

1- Separation between EMF and lighting system;

2- The lighting infrastructure is compliant with one of the 3 identified architectural models;

3- One junction box for a maximum of two rooms is required;

4- Earthing;

5- Wires dimensions.

4.2 Regulatory aspects: current regulations, electrical schemes and cabling reference models

Electrical cables are the elements devoted to the lighting system’s power supply. They are usually

made of copper and grouped in 3 or more wires: Phase/Line (brown), Neutral (blue) and Earth

(green-yellow).

Common cables have diameters of 2,5mm2 and 4mm2, which allow a maximum current of 16A and

20A respectively. Due to the cables resistance, in fact, a voltage drop is induced when there is

50

current going through the cable and, consequently, a power dissipation. This voltage drop can play

an important role in case of high current and cable length, especially when a low starting voltage,

like 48V, is used.

Conductor Cross

Sectional Area in mm2 Material Application

1.5 mm2 Copper Lighting/fan circuit

2.5 mm2 Copper 13A socket outlet circuit

4.0 mm2 – 6.0 mm2 Copper

General Power Circuit

(example: water heater, cooker unit,

motor/pump)

16.0 mm2 / 25.0 mm2 Copper Main Circuit

Table 1: Minimum cross sectional areas of conductors based on their applications

Function Cable colour

Phase of Single Phase Circuit Red, Yellow or Blue

Red Phase of Three Phase

Circuit Red

Yellow Phase of Three Phase

Circuit Yellow

Blue Phase of Three Phase

Circuit Blue

Neutral of Circuit Black

Protection/Earthing Conductor Green or Green-Yellow

Table 2: Functions and colour identification of non flexible cables

N° of cores Function Cable colour

1, 2 or 3 Phase Conductor Brown

Neutral Conductor Blue

Protection

Conductor Green or Green-Yellow

4 or 5 Phase Conductor Brown or Black

Neutral Conductor Blue

Protection

Conductor Green or Green-Yellow

Table 3: Functions and colour identification of flexible cables

Flexible cables of cross sectional area less than 4.0 mm2 are used in installations for electrical

accessories such as ceiling roses, lamp fixtures or attachments, socket plugs for mobile

appliances, etc..

Flexible cables shall not be used for permanent wiring.

Flexible cables for the permanent use of electrical appliances should not exceed 3 meters in

length.

4.2.1 CENELEC REGULATIONS

As confirmed by the approval of the Belgian division of CENELEC, the European committee for

electrotechnical standardization, the third wire, labeled as earth, in a SELV (Safety Extra Low-

51

voltage) environment may be used for different purposes than providing earthing, according to IEC

60364 standard.

In particular, it has been stated that is possible to use this wire in combination with the ground wire

for communication purposes, without interference on the communication channel that is originating

from switching devices like step-down converters, LED drivers, etc.

4.2.2 ELV SYSTEMS

The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) defines a circuit as an “Extra Low Voltage”

(ELV) circuit if the electrical potential of any conductor against earth (GND) is not more than either

50 volts for AC, or ripple-free 120 volts for DC under dry conditions, in accordance with IEC 60449,

as reported in Table 4.

IEC voltage range AC DC Defining

Risk

High voltage (supply system) > 1000 Vrms > 1500 V electrical

arcing

Low voltage (supply system) 50 – 1000 Vrms 120 – 1500

V

electrical

shock

Extra-low voltage (supply system) < 50 Vrms < 120 V low risk

Table 4: Voltage limit specified in IEC 60449

These ELV systems have been then classified in three main groups:

• Separated/Safety Extra Low Voltage (SELV): electrical system in which the voltage cannot

exceed ELV under normal conditions, and under single-fault conditions, including earth faults in

other circuits (see Figure 16);

• Protected Extra Low Voltage (PELV): electrical system in which the voltage cannot exceed ELV

under normal conditions, and under single-fault conditions, except earth faults in other circuits

(see Figure 17);

• Functional Extra Low Voltage (FELV): describes any other extra-low-voltage circuit that does

not fulfill the requirements for a SELV or PELV circuit (see Figure 18).

Figure 16: SELV system

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volt

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volt

52

Figure 17: PELV system

Figure 18: FELV system

In the EDISON solution the resulting lighting power supply infrastructure is compliant with SELV

systems, making possible quick and safe installations of lighting fixtures and other low voltage

devices.

4.3 Survey of the building

The first step to be taken in order to implement the EDISON solution in a building is the survey of

the location, based on a stepwise process aimed at getting a detailed description of the target site,

from geographical data and building architecture, to the electrical network infrastructure.

More in detail, it should be gathered information covering different topics, like:

- logistic information (geographical data, building typology, etc.) ;

- statistics related to people attending the sites;

- energy consumptions;

- internal building architecture;

- description of the lighting infrastructure;

- overview of the existing lighting points.

To this aim, a table summarizing the main actions that should be planned in order to ensure a

correct survey of the building, preparatory for the adoption of the EDISON platform, is reported in

the following.

# ACTIONS TO BE DONE HOW TO CARRY OUT THE ACTION

1

Collection of relevant

geographical/environmental

information of the site

Running of positioning/mapping software tools

Analysis of pictures

Interviews with people normally attending the location

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2

Collection of logistic information, as

well as any kind of

requirement/impairment/constraint

of the building (especially linked to

the electrical infrastructure)

Plan a meeting with the owner of the building in order

to collect all the necessary information, like: - number and positioning of brightness/presence

sensors that could be installed in each environment;

- rooms/environments that need peculiar lighting conditions (i.e., lights turned on all the day, etc.);

- lighting infrastructure specific requirements (i.e. emergency lights, etc.);

- other specific information

3 Collection of topographical material

concerning the building

Provisioning of printed topographical maps from

building managers, eventually integrated with

additional measurements resulting from the use of

appropriate tools

Assessment of the brightness level of the interested

rooms (due to daylight), in different period of the day

4 Collection of photographic material

of the site

Collection of pictures related to internal and external

areas of the building to be involved

5 Collection of information about the

electrical infrastructure of the site

Gathering of all the information concerning the lighting

points, switch boxes, conduits, electrical cables,

lamps typology, etc., preferably through the

involvement of an electrician with a good knowledge

of the building electrical infrastructure

6 Collection of all relevant statistical

data related to the site

Gathering of information concerning the following

aspects (estimation):

- number of people daily attending the building

- working periods of the lamps during a day (in

hours)

- average number of daylight hours available in

different season periods of the year

Table 5: Actions necessary for the survey of the EDISON solution in a building

On the basis of the collected information it will be possible to proceed with the designing of the

EDISON solution in the structure, eventually reproducing the building environments using a

specific graphic tool (e.g., the open-source software Blender, used for 3D modelling and animation,

jointly to WebGL, that is a JavaScript API for rendering interactive 3D graphics).

4.4 Installation procedure

4.4.1 WIRING OF ELECTRICAL THREADS

The connections among CPC, RS, existing switches and LDD-led drivers have to be performed

using a terminal block, with a minimum of seven positions, which will be located in the junction box

of the room near the existing lighting switches. The following sections show how to wire each

EDISON component to the terminal box.

4.4.2 WIRING OF THE REMOTE STATION

The RS block allows the switching from Automatic to Manual Mode and viceversa.

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According to Figure 19, RS block consists of two 2-way switches (Double Pole Toggle Switch,

DPTS), which are connected with CPC, LED drivers, and the existing manual ON/OFF switches

(Single Pole Toggle Switch, SPTS).

Figure 19: Remote Station (not smart version) – Block scheme

4.4.3 WIRING OF THE LED DRIVER

LDD-LED driver consists of five connectors:

- three input connectors for +/- 48VDC and control;

- two output connectors for supplying the LED lamps.

Figure 20: LDD-led driver block scheme

It has to be wired to the terminal block, located in the Junction Box (JB), as shown in Figure 21.

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Figure 21: JB - Led driver connection

4.4.4 WIRING OF THE EXISTING ON/OFF SWITCH BOX

The current ON/OFF switches (SPTS), one for each lighting section, have to be connected to the

A/M switches, installed inside the Junction Box, related to the 2 lighting sections, in order to avoid

any false commutation from manual to automatic status that could happen if the switches would

have been installed in the existing ON/OFF switch box.

Figure 22: Switch box connections

4.4.5 WIRING OF THE CPC

The junction box is connected to the CPC by three wires (see Figure 23):

+ 48 VDC;

- 48 VDC;

CONTROL.

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Figure 23: CPC - JB connection

4.4.6 WIRING OF INTERNAL CONNECTIONS IN THE CPC

4.4.6.1 AC POWER SUPPLY

The AC power supply has to be wired as shown in Figure 24.

Figure 24: AC power supply connection

4.4.6.2 DC POWER SUPPLY

DC power supply may be provided through the use of two wires:

- Positive 48 V;

- Negative 48 V.

They need to be wired as shown in Figure 25.

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Figure 25: DC power supply

4.4.6.3 CONTROL WIRES OF THE LIGHTING SECTIONS & SENSORS

The control cables need to be wired in the CPC as detailed in Figure 26; specific data sheet,

reporting wires colour code for any country, is included in the switchbox.

Figure 26: Terminal block connections

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5 Case studies

The main goal of this section is to support all the information included in this booklet with some

reference cases based on real experiences of the EDISON platform implementation. In this way, it

will be easier the assessment of the concrete effectiveness of the proposed solution in different

situations, which might be influenced by different environmental constraints, planning alternatives,

lighting and energy requirements, etc. From these experiences, in fact, it should be possible to

extract information usable for different settings, obviously after making a preliminary comparative

analysis with the situation of interest.

Accordingly, with the aim to restrict the range of comparison as well as the range of the most

relevant parameters to be compared in different applications, three main categories of intervention,

distinguished for building typology and use, have been reported in the following paragraphs as

reference case studies, and in particular:

- an office area (SHT healthcare offices );

- a school building (LMP school);

- a building open to the public attendance (VUB restaurant).

5.1 SHT healthcare offices

5.1.1 PILOT OVERVIEW

The Pilot action has been developed in the Bocombra Lodge, a small office building providing

support services and social care to children and young adults in a residential area on the outskirts

of the Craigavon city, in Northern Ireland. This site is a 2-storey building, with the EDISON platform

installed only in the ground floor reception office, which represents the first point of contact for all

visitors to the building and has a total floor area of approximately 28 m2. It includes 2 neighbouring

rooms addressed to different activities:

- a reception office,

- and a lobby.

Figure 27 shows the planimetry of the ground floor of the Pilot building, where the interested area

is highlighted.

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Figure 27: Planimetry of the Bocombra Lodge’s ground floor

5.1.2 ELECTRICITY FEATURES OF THE BUILDING

According to the existing electrical infrastructure, where a separation between the Electro Motive

Force (EMF) system and the Lighting System (LS) is already present in the building no retrofitting

of power grid has been necessary.

Obviously, due to the restricted area involved in the Pilot action, just one switch control panel

located in the floor allows to control the power line feeding the lamps of the two rooms above

mentioned.

5.1.3 IMPLEMENTATION OF THE EDISON SOLUTION

The EDISON solution implemented in this Pilot site is based on the Configuration 1 – Lighting

network with single electrical control panel reported in [RD-2].

A 48V DC power supply is provided by the single CPC installed in the Pilot area, which includes a

power system composed by two AC/DC converters connected in parallel, able to feed the lighting

sections for a maximum of 240 Watts. Additionally, it measures the energy power consumptions

related to the EDISON lighting infrastructure and sends the measured data to the supervision

centre through the RS485-Ethernet interface.

The CPC manages two lighting sections by means of a microprocessor board (ARDUINO Ethernet,

based on an ATmega328 processor), which controls RS devices and sensors. It receives the

information about the luminosity level and/or the presence/absence of users inside the rooms from

the sensors and the information about the current operational mode, automatic or manual, by the

RS. In manual mode the lighting points are managed by the traditional switch box, whilst in

automatic mode the lights are automatically turned ON or OFF accordingly to the current state of

presence and lighting sensors located in the room (e.g near the RS box), or by a remote override.

Sensor interface is a stepdown power module, composed by a set of resistors integrated in a

Printed Circuit Board module, providing the appropriate power supply to the sensor (12 VDC).

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The information about the status of the sensors are transmitted by means of an analog signal, 1-5

VDC range, current loop, through a CPC/RS interface.

Table 6 summarizes the EDISON key elements installed in the SHT Pilot site (CPC and RS),

whose corresponding positioning is highlighted in Figure 28.

Floor Num. of CPC Num. of RS

GROUND 1 2

Table 6: UK/SHT/01 - EDISON components installed in the Pilot

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Figure 28: UK/SHT/01 - EDISON implementation

CIP-ICT PSP-2011-5- D 2.2.1 ICT FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN PUBLIC BUILDINGS/EDISON

62

5.2 School of Lettomanoppello


The Pilot action has been developed in the Istituto Comprensivo (Nursery and Primary School) of

the Lettomanoppello Municipality. This site involves a single building that is structured into two

floors, including 46 rooms over a surface of about 1455 m2. Both of the floor present a similar

structure, over which different typologies of rooms are located, and more specifically:

- Class rooms;

- Administrative Offices;

- Meeting rooms;

- Refectory/Cantina;

- Store rooms;

- Bathrooms;

- Corridors & hall;

- Stairwell.


In the existing electrical infrastructure of the building a separation between the Electro Motive

Force (EMF) systems and the Lighting System (LS) is already present on both the floors, avoiding

the recourse to any retrofitting action before the real implementation of the EDISON solution.

Figure 29: Electrical panel in the LMP school building

Each floor is equipped with a single switchboard, geometrically positioned in the centre of the floor,

which includes a couple of automatic switches devoted to the managing of the right side and left

side of the floor electric infrastructure, respectively (see Figure 30 and Figure 31).

Additionally, the master switchboard of the building is located on the ground floor and provides the

possibility to manage the entire electrical power system of the building.

The power distribution network of the building is performed according to a ring logic, with junction

boxes located along the corridors, in correspondence of each room of both the sides of the two

floors. More in detail, each room contains at least one own junction box adjacent to each corridor

junction box.

Note that the lighting power line is separated from the socket line as well as from the emergency

lighting line and that the electric meter, specifically installed for the project purposes, has been

placed inside the master switchboard at the ground floor.


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Figure 30: Switchboard on the ground floor

Figure 31: Switchboard on the first floor


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On the basis of the electrical configuration of the existing lighting infrastructure, described in the

previous sub-paragraph, the EDISON solution implemented in this Pilot site corresponds to the one

indicated as Configuration 2 – Lighting network with main and secondary electrical control panels

among the ones reported in [RD-2].

Consequently, two different types of CPC have been installed: CPC-Master and CPC-Slave.

The CPC-Master consists of:

- a smart meter;

- a RS-485/Ethernet smart meter interface;

- a PLC module;

- an Ethernet switch;

- an AC power switch.

Accordingly, each CPC-Slave has been dimensioned taking into account of the global amount of

power absorbed by the lighting sections it controls (where approximately each room in the building

represents a specific lighting section), and consists of:

- a power system (composed by three AC/DC converters connected in parallel, it feeds up to four

lighting sections for a maximum of 360 Watts);

- a microprocessor board (which is an ARDUINO Ethernet board, based on an ATmega328

processor);

- a CPC-Slave/lighting section interface;

- a PLC module;

- a CPC-Slave/RS interface;

- an AC power switch.

The communication between CPC-Master and CPC-Slave is made available by means of a PLC

modem.

The CPC-Slave/RS interface is aimed to link each lighting section with the microprocessor board in

order to remotely control the switching on/off of the corresponding LED lamps (by means of two

digital signals) and to use the same wire in order to send information about the status of the

sensors to the microprocessor board (by means of an analog signal, 1-5 VDC range, current loop).

This interface consists of passive components (integrated on a PCB module) which provide the

proper power supply to the sensor and/or actuators installed in the linked lighting section.

The luminaires located in the corridors of the two floors and in the stairwell represent an ad-hoc

lighting section whose corresponding CPC-slave is a relay panel, operating at 48VDC in place of

230VAC, in order to limit the intervention on the existing lighting infrastructure.

The smart meter included in each CPC-Master measures the energy power consumptions related

to the lighting systems of the corresponding floor, and the measured data are sent to the

supervision centre by means of the RS485-Ethernet interface.

The CPC-Slave feeds and manages the reference lighting sections through a microprocessor

board which processes the information about the luminosity level and/or the presence/absence of

users inside the rooms coming from sensors and RS devices.

The RS is able to control up to two lighting subsections inside the room and to allow the user to

select the desired operative mode by means of a switch/relay (Figure 32 shows the component

installed in the Pilot site) to toggle from Automatic to Manual (A/M) mode, or viceversa,

communicating the corresponding data to the supervision centre.


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Figure 32: BTicino toggle switch

An example of integration of CPC Slave in the panel box is reported in Figure 33, while Figure 34

shows a typical installation of the RS with the sensor related to a single lighting section (room).

Figure 33: IT/LMP/02 – CPC Slave integration connections in the panel box

Figure 34: IT/LMP/02 - Example of implemented RS


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Finally, Table 7 summarizes the EDISON key elements installed in the LMP Pilot site (CPC-

Master, CPC-Slave and RS), whose corresponding positioning is highlighted in Figure 35 and

Errore. L'origine riferimento non è stata trovata. Figure 36 for ground and first floor,

respectively.

Floor Num. of CPC-Master Num. of CPC-Slave Num. of RS

GROUND 1 5 15

FIRST 1 5 17

Table 7: IT/LMP/02 - EDISON components installed in the Pilot


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Figure 35: IT/LMP/02 - EDISON implementation at the ground floor


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Figure 36: IT/LMP/02 - EDISON implementation at the first floor


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5.3 VUB Restaurant


The Pilot action has been developed in a section of the student restaurant inside the campus of the

Vrije Universiteit Brussels, in Belgium. The area involved by the project is located on the ground

floor of the building hosting the restaurant, and it extends over a surface of about 1000 square

meters.

Due to the peculiar structure of the Pilot site, which is practically constituted by a very large open

space in place of well-defined rooms (see Figure 37), a section composed of two patios (the

orange one and the blue one) plus surroundings has been chosen to measure the energy

consumption without the EDISON solution, in order to make a real-time comparison with another

section of the same Pilot area, consisting in two patios (green and yellow) plus surroundings, in

which the EDISON platform has been installed. In fact, both sections have the same dimension

and a very similar number of lighting points.

Figure 37: Internal view of the site building


In the existing electrical infrastructure of the building a separation between the Electro Motive

Force (EMF) systems and the Lighting System (LS) is already present, avoiding the recourse to

any retrofitting action before the actual implementation of the EDISON solution.

There is only one central switch box for the whole restaurant, which is located in the kitchen.

Figure 38 shows the planimetry of the restaurant, highlighting in blue the area where the EDISON

solution has not been implemented (reference area), and in red the area, with comparable

characteristics, where the EDISON solution has been implemented.

N


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Figure 38: Restaurant map


EDISON solution in VUB restaurant Pilot is based on Configuration 3: a lighting network with a

control panel based on relay switching system reported in [RD-2].

The EDISON lighting system consists of six lighting sections, managed by a single electrical relay

panel. The highlighted area in Figure 39 is where the EDISON LED lamps have been positioned.

Figure 39: EDISON area in the VUB restaurant

The CPC and RS have been installed in correspondence of the red cross and manage the six

sections. In addition 18 presence sensors have been adequately positioned in the demo area (see

Figure 40), in order to allow the lighting sections to operate in automatic mode.

Reference Area


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The CPC and RS implementation in the restaurant is a special case since both are combined at

the same location, and this arrangement allows several easy connections between the modules.

For example, the data connection between the RS and the CPC is via USB cable instead of the

general case (MODBUS), because both are closely located.

The CPC box is extended with a relay panel that switches the six sections and is controlled by the

RS. A specific switch, placed in the CPC, is used to select the desired operational mode, automatic

or manual.

Figure 40: Map of LED lights, sections and sensors in the VUB restaurant pilot

The CPC includes two SDR-480-48 switched power supplies, produced by Mean Well, which have

been installed to power the EDISON lighting system. These power supplies are not used in

parallel, but each module is devoted to feed three sections. In this way, only a part of the system

might have problems in case of malfunctioning of one power supply.

Additionally, the CPC contains further components which contribute to develop the other functions

in charge of this device, and more specifically:

- two IME Conto D4-Pd smart meters, whose measurements are sent to the supervision centre

through an RS485/Ethernet interface,

- a Raspberry Pi, which provides the interface between Ethernet and the MODBUS application

layer, running on the RS. The communication between the Raspberry Pi and RS, located in

the same box, is carried out by means of a normal USB cable.

From the RS side, an Arduino UNO is used to collect and process information from the sensors

and to control the lighting system by switching the relays. This is made possible by the Modbus

software running on it, which allows remote control and monitoring.


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Finally, the RS/Relay Interface is a circuit printed board, with passive components and industrial

connectors, made as an Arduino shield, that can be plugged on top of the Arduino UNO. It is able

to activate the relay switching on the led lamps if the sensor detects the presence of a person.

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