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Hindawi Publishing CorporationAdvances in OptoElectronicsVolume 2012, Article ID 514270, 2 pagesdoi:10.1155/2012/514270
Editorial
Modern Trends in Metamaterial Applications
Ivan D. Rukhlenko,1 Pavel A. Belov,2, 3 Natalia M. Litchinitser,4 and Alexandra Boltasseva5
1 Advanced Computing and Simulation Laboratory (AχL), Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering,Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
2 Photonics and Optical Information Theory Department, National Research University of Information Technologies,Mechanics and Optics, Kronverksky pr. 49, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
3 Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK4 Department of Electrical Engineering, The State University of New York at Buffalo, 230L Davis Hall, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA5 Birck Nanotechnology Center and School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, 1205 West State Street,West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
Correspondence should be addressed to Ivan D. Rukhlenko, [email protected]
Received 8 November 2012; Accepted 8 November 2012
Copyright © 2012 Ivan D. Rukhlenko et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons AttributionLicense, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properlycited.
The concept of metamaterials, which has been enunciatedin the pivotal works of V. G. Veselago and J. B. Pendry, hasdrastically altered our way of thinking about light-matterinteractions and greatly enriched the fields of classical andquantum electrodynamics. It has become apparent over thelast decade that the propagation of electromagnetic wavescan be manipulated almost at will using artificially fabricatedstructures with prescribed electromagnetic properties, thediversity of which is limited only by the ingenuity ofthe researchers and the sophistication of the fabricationtechniques. This new understanding has revolutionized thedesign paradigm of photonic devices and quickly resultedin the experimental demonstration of several counterintu-itive effects with far-reaching breakthrough applications. Inparticular, it was shown that not only could negative-indexmetamaterials be fabricated practically, but they can alsobe used to create super- and hyperlenses with subwave-length optical resolution. Likewise, it is possible to fabricatemetamaterials designed using the transformation opticsapproach and apply them in real invisibility cloaks. Today,scientists and engineers all over the world are combating thefundamental and technological challenges that deter the widecommercial use of these and other exciting functionalitiesoffered by metamaterials.
As is customary with great ideas, the reality of unusualmetamaterial properties has been the subject of muchcontroversy. Even now, some experts in optics and electro-magnetism argue over this reality in regards to phase advance
in evanescent waves, as well as over the existence of a negativerefractive index, thus showing that the physics behind thesephenomena is more complicated than it may appear at firstglance. Interestingly, the analysis of metamaterial critiquesmay be quite instructive, as it helps one to appreciate thesubtleties of the field and gain a deeper insight into it. Whileleaving such an analysis for future textbooks, we wish to notehere that disproving the objections against any metamaterialphenomenon requires the careful consideration of severalfundamental principles, including the causality requirement,which makes metamaterials essentially dispersive.
Despite all the differences between the electromagneticbehaviour of ordinary materials and metamaterials, theyare both governed by the same set of Maxwell equations.Therefore, it is the new functionalities and design guide-lines enabled by the metamaterial paradigm—rather thannew physics—that have aroused a relentless interest inmetamaterials. This interest remains equally strong fromboth the physics and engineering communities since thefield of metamaterials mediates science and technology. Itis therefore not surprising that in recent years we havewitnessed a rapidly escalating number of publications onthe physics, design, and applications of various types ofmetamaterials. The focus of theoretical studies shifts fromnegative-index materials to hyperbolic, tuneable, nonlinear,and nonlocal metamaterials, as well as to media with extremematerial parameters. The modern trends in metamaterialapplications include superresolution imaging and optical
2 Advances in OptoElectronics
sensing, the advancement of photonic circuitry with meta-tronics, all-optical and electrooptical dynamic control oflight, electromagnetic cloaking, and light harvesting forimproved solar-cell technology. This special issue focuses onthe advances along these research avenues and on the newphotonic devices associated with them.
Acknowledgment
The editors would like to thank the authors for their high-quality research and review articles. Their thanks also goout to the referees for their hard work in revising thesubmissions. They are also grateful to the editorial staff ofAdvances in OptoElectronics, especially Mr. Mohamed AbdelRazek, for their valuable assistance in preparing the specialissue. They hope that the many physicists and engineersin the field of metamaterials will find the special issueinteresting and useful for their future work.
Ivan D. RukhlenkoPavel A. Belov
Natalia M. LitchinitserAlexandra Boltasseva
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