ee reports metering 101a: how submetering works
TRANSCRIPT
The Metering GuideMetering 101a:
How Submetering Works
A Companion guide to Metering 101; Detail on how submeters work, selecting the right meter, and questions to ask before installing
Metering 101 recap: benefits of submeters
Benefit 1 Track and
Optimize Energy Usage
Benefit 2 Tenant Specific Billing
Benefit 3 Fault
Detection Benefit 4 M&V for New
Systems Savings
Benefit 5 Demand Response & Dynamic Pricing
Programs
Submeters Are The Solution
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Revenue Grade Meters Allows building owners to charge tenants for individual utility use Allows for participation in utility / market programs Will most likely use solid core or split core current transformers (CT’s)
– More expensive– Slightly more accurate data
Non-Revenue Grade Meters Allow building owners to gain better understanding of energy usage to take informed action No access to demand response programs or individual rates for tenants Will most likely use rope or split core CT’s
– Cheaper, easier to install– Less accurate data
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Different types of submeters for different applications
Revenue grade meter picture source: SolrenView (AltEstore.com)Non-Revenue grade meter picture source: Northern Design
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How do submeters work?
Picture sources: Pike Research, Electricity Submeters, 2012 and Locus Energy
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1) Submeters hook up to electric or other utility meters and panels using current transformers (CT’s)
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How do submeters work?
Picture sources: Pike Research, Electricity Submeters, 2012 and Locus Energy
Proprietary & Confidential
1) Submeters hook up to electric or other utility meters and panels using current transformers (CT’s)
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How do submeters work?
Picture sources: Pike Research, Electricity Submeters, 2012 and Locus Energy
2) Building owner chooses specific systems to be submetered (lighting, heating, cooling, refrigeration, tenant area, etc.)
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1) Submeters hook up to electric or other utility meters and panels using current transformers (CT’s)
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How do submeters work?
Picture sources: Pike Research, Electricity Submeters, 2012 and Locus Energy
2) Building owner chooses specific systems to be submetered (lighting, heating, cooling, refrigeration, tenant area, etc.)
3) Submeters allow for data acquisition and management to go directly to building owner, facility manager, etc. via a BMS or SCADA system
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1) Submeters hook up to electric or other utility meters and panels using current transformers (CT’s)
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How do submeters work?
Picture sources: Pike Research, Electricity Submeters, 2012 and Locus Energy
Information kiosk
2) Building owner chooses specific systems to be submetered (lighting, heating, cooling, refrigeration, tenant area, etc.)
3) Submeters allow for data acquisition and management to go directly to building owner, facility manager, etc. via a BMS or SCADA system
4) Instant access on PC, smart phone, or even a lobby kiosk
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Utility meter pulses– Readout of utility meter to determine quantity of kWh or other energy type used every ~1-15 minutes• Show fluctuations of usage throughout day• Typically provided by utility companies as an input to a BMS or Logger
Submeter Readings Using Modbus– Give more detailed readouts of energy usages (kWh, Amps, Voltages, Harmonic Distortions, etc.)– Communication protocol that connects to BMS– Can determine when an individual asset is near end of life, needs repair, etc.
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In depth look at submeters (Part I)
Picture source: http://emon.com
BMS SYSTEM
ENERGY SOFTWARE
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BACnet– Similar communication protocol to Modbus but newer technology– Allows for communication between BMS appliances of different companies
Auxiliary functionality of meters– Digital Input: reads other meters and systems by counting pulses per kWh (or gallons, cfm, steam, etc. depending
on utility)– Analog input: reads temperatures, etc. of systems– Digital output: allows for manual thresholds (keep system under/over certain amount of kWh)– Analog output: feed information into BMS or SCADA system to determine whether to shut systems off/on, ramp
up/down
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In depth look at submeters (Part II)
Picture source: http://www.kmccontrols.com
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What is the install for? What does the building owner want to know and do with the data? – kWh, kW, amps, voltage, etc.– Tenant billing, M&V, etc.– Will help determine revenue grade vs. non-revenue grade
How does the owner want to communicate with the submeter?– Ethernet, wireless, hardwire, etc.– Facility manager or third party operator analyzing data– Where is the nearest connection port?
What size CT’s can be attached and installed?– Size of wires determines solid-core, split-core or rope CT’s– Access to wires within panels / electric room, building code adherence, etc.
Which loads are to be metered?– One or three phase loads, make sure to connect CT’s to right phase off of meter
How do the submeters connect to one another for overall BMS / SCADA?
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Basic questions to ask before install
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Find a contractor for your state / city– NYSERDA helps this process for New York,
similar setups in each state
– TRC Solutions will help almost any state• Will help determine best system size and
placement• Will assist with applications for incentives
and financing options• Will assist in all necessary documentation
and paperwork
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How to get involved
Become a state approved contractor– NYSERDA helps this process for New York,
similar setups in each state
Proprietary & Confidential04/18/2023
ABBCARMAContinental Control SystemsDaiichi ElectronicsEatonEchelonElsterEZ MeterGeneral ElectricHoneywell & E-Mon ISTA Itron Janitza Electronics
LevitonLEMMitsubishiNorthern DesignObviusOsakiPanoramic PowerQuadlogicSchneider ElectricSCIenergySiemensToshiba Totko Meter SystemsTriactaYokogawa Electric
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Key industry players
For your consideration, the following companies are creating the newest and most advanced submeters:
For more information, email us at [email protected] visit our site eereports.com