ee5900 advanced embedded system for smart infrastructure
DESCRIPTION
EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure. Dr. Shiyan Hu EERC 518 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Michigan Technological University. 1. Class Time and Office Hour. Class Time: MWF 14:05-14:55 (EERC 216) - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure
Dr. Shiyan HuEERC 518
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Michigan Technological University
1
![Page 2: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Class Time and Office Hour
Class Time: MWF 14:05-14:55 (EERC 216) Office Hours: MWF 15:00-15:50 or by appointment, office: EERC
731 Textbook (suggested)
– Distribution System Modeling and Analysis, William H. Kersting. CRC Press, 2012.
Grading: – Homework 25%
– Project 50%
– Exams 25%
2
![Page 3: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Course Website
http://www.ece.mtu.edu/faculty/shiyan/EE5900Spring14.htm Contact information of instructor
– Email: [email protected]
– EERC 518
– Instructor’s webpage: http://www.ece.mtu.edu/faculty/shiyan
3
![Page 4: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
4
What Is An Embedded System?
Embedded Systems
– An information processing system embedded into a larger product
– End user visualizes using the product, not the computer Other Definitions
– Specialized computing device not deployed as general purpose computer.
– A specialized computer system which is dedicated to a specific task.
– A device not independently programmable by the user.
– preprogrammed to perform a narrow range of functions – with minimal end user or operator intervention.
![Page 5: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5
Application Areas
Essentially any product line being built today
– Trains and automobiles
– Telecommunication
– Manufacturing
– Smart Buildings
– Robotics
![Page 6: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6
Embedded Systems From Real Life
Typical system could integrate several technologies:
– Microprocessor
– Sensor technologies
– Actuator technologies (e.g. mechatronics)
– Power scavenging (e.g. magnetic inductance)
– Wireless transceivers
Impossible without the computer
Meaningless without the electronics
![Page 7: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7
Car Example Multiple processors
– Up to 100
– Networked together
Multiple networks
– Body, engine, telematics, media, safety
Typical Functions:Typical Functions:
ABS: Anti-lock braking systemsABS: Anti-lock braking systems
ESP: Electronic stability controlESP: Electronic stability control
Efficient automatic gearboxesEfficient automatic gearboxes
Theft prevention with smart keysTheft prevention with smart keys
Blind-spot alert systemsBlind-spot alert systems
Typical Functions:Typical Functions:
ABS: Anti-lock braking systemsABS: Anti-lock braking systems
ESP: Electronic stability controlESP: Electronic stability control
Efficient automatic gearboxesEfficient automatic gearboxes
Theft prevention with smart keysTheft prevention with smart keys
Blind-spot alert systemsBlind-spot alert systems
Large diversity in processor types:Large diversity in processor types:
8-bit – door locks, lights, etc. 8-bit – door locks, lights, etc.
16-bit – most functions16-bit – most functions
32-bit – engine control, airbags32-bit – engine control, airbags
Large diversity in processor types:Large diversity in processor types:
8-bit – door locks, lights, etc. 8-bit – door locks, lights, etc.
16-bit – most functions16-bit – most functions
32-bit – engine control, airbags32-bit – engine control, airbags
![Page 8: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8
Characteristics of Embedded Systems
Dependable
– Often used in safety-critical systems
– Definition of dependability is application-dependent
– Reliability, Availability, Maintainability, Safety, Security Efficient
– Energy efficient
– Code-size efficient (especially for systems on a chip)
– Run-time efficient
– Weight efficient
– Cost efficient Often involve hybrid systems (analog and digital parts)
![Page 9: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9
Characteristics of Embedded Systems
Real-time constraints
– Need timely response to stimuli from the controlled object
– Right answers arriving too late are wrong.
– Hard Real Time Systems:
– not meeting a deadline could result in a catastrophe– response time must be guaranteed analytically
– Soft Real-Time Systems:
– it is OK to occasionally miss a deadline– not too often– response time can be defined statistically– e.g. video streaming
![Page 10: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
10
Focus
Embedded system design for smart infrastructure
What is smart infrastructure?
![Page 11: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Smart Grid
11
![Page 12: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Classical Power System v.s. Smart Grid
12
![Page 13: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
The Classical Power System
13
![Page 14: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Smart Grid: Making Every Component Intelligent
14
Clean Reliable Secure
Energy EfficientMoney Efficient
![Page 15: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
IBM Smarter Planet
15
![Page 16: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Renewable Energy
16
![Page 17: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
The Integrated Power and Communication System
17
![Page 18: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Smart Power Transmission and Distribution
More devices integrated such as IED, PMU, FRTU, FDR Improved monitoring and control Improved cybersecurity Energy efficiency Expense efficiency
18
![Page 19: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Smart Community
http://www.meti.go.jp
19
![Page 20: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Smart Home
20
http://www.yousharez.com/2010/11/20/house-of-dreams-a-smart-house-concept/
To Minimize Expense and Maximize Renewable Energy Usage
![Page 21: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Smart Appliances
21
![Page 22: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Compact OS and Remote Control
22
![Page 23: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
ZigBee Home Area Network (HAN)
http://www.zigbee.org/
23
![Page 24: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
ZigBee Local Area Network (LAN)
24
![Page 25: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Smart Home Deployment in Urban Area
25
![Page 26: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Relationship With Smart Building
26
![Page 27: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Property 1: Dynamic Pricing from Utility Company
Illinois Power Company’s price data
27
Pricing for one-day ahead time period
Pri
ce
($/k
wh
)
![Page 28: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Property 2: Renewable Energy Resource
28
Marcelo Gradella Villalva, Jonas Rafael Gazoli, and Ernesto Ruppert Filho. Comprehensive Approach to Modeling and Simulation of Photovoltaic Arrays. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 24, No. 5, May 2009
![Page 29: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Benefit of Smart Home
– Reduce monetary expense
– Reduce peak load
– Maximize renewable energy usage
29
![Page 30: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Smart Scheduler
30
![Page 31: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Smart Scheduling
Demand Side Management
– when to launch a home appliance
– at what frequency
– The variable frequency drive (VFD) is to control the rotational speed of an alternating current (AC) electric motor through controlling the frequency of the electrical power supplied to the motor
– for how long
– use grid energy or renewable energy
– use battery or not
31
![Page 32: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
5 cents/kwh 3 cents / kwh
5 kwh
10 kwh
Power Powerr
Time Time1 2 1 2 3
(a) (b)
VFD Impact
5 cents/kwh 3 cents / kwh
cost = 10 kwh * 5 cents/kwh = 50 cents cost = 5 kwh * 5 cents/kwh + 5 kwh * 3 cents/kwh = 40 cents
32
![Page 33: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Uncertainty of Appliance Execution Time
In advanced laundry machine, time to do the laundry depends on the load. How to model it?
33
![Page 34: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Uncertainty in Renewable Energy
34
![Page 35: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Tripping Out
35
![Page 36: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Problem Formulation
Given n home appliances, to schedule them for monetary expense minimization considering VFD and variations
– Algorithm for continuous VFD
– Algorithm for discrete VFD
36
Solutions for continuous VFD
Solutions for discrete VFD
1 2
3 4
![Page 37: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Design The Control Board
37
Power flow
Internet Control flow
![Page 38: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
The Implementation Using ARM
38
![Page 39: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
The Implementation Using FPGA
39
![Page 40: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Schematic of FPGA Implementation
40
![Page 41: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Chip Implementation
41
![Page 42: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Next Step For Multiple Users
Pricing at 10:00am is cheap, so how about scheduling everything at that time?
42
Will not be cheap anymore
10:00
![Page 43: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Game Theory Based Scheduling
43
![Page 44: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Impact To The Power System?
How does it impact the power system with and without smart home scheduling?
44
![Page 45: EE5900 Advanced Embedded System For Smart Infrastructure](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56814d5d550346895dba9c9b/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Summary
What is an embedded system? What are the characteristics? What is smart home? How to implement it?
45