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葡萄牙里斯本市的格兰德住宅区 - grande.property · seagram building 375 park avenue,...

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  • 葡萄牙里斯本市的格兰德住宅区 - grande.property · Seagram Building 375 Park Avenue, Ste. 2607 New York, NY 10152 T: 212.634.7470 F: 212.634.7474 E:[email protected]
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Options-based negotiation management of PPP-BOT infrastructure projects Meghdad Attarzadeh, Ph.D. 1 *; David K.H. Chua, Ph.D. 2 ; Michael Beer, Dr.-Ing. 3 ; Ernest L S Abbott, Ph.D. 4 Abstract The success of PPP-BOT projects largely depends on effectively mitigating the impact of a variety of risks and uncertainties, especially those influencing the revenue over time. Revenue instability is one of the main obstacles of PPP form of procurement. Government support, which is established as a clause in the concession agreement, should be carefully designed and well formulated. Options which arise from certain clauses in the contract are more valuable for risky projects. The purpose of this paper’s proposed model is to evaluate early fund generation options and also to calculate equitable bounds for a guaranteed revenue for the project sponsor under uncertainty and risk. The model is specially designed to alleviate the concern of revenue risk. To illustrate its applicability the methodology is then applied to a freeway PPP project and a power plant PPP project in Iran. The results show that the value of these options can indeed be significant and by applying the proposed systematic negotiation mechanism both public and private sectors can take advantage of its flexibility at the negotiation table. The proposed mechanisms can facilitate negotiations on the verge of a break down as well as accelerating ongoing negotiations that have become moribund. 1 *Corresponding author, Former Research Scholar, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore (NUS), No.1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576; Research Fellow, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), N1-01a-29, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Phone: (65) 83436549, E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] 2 Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore (NUS), No.1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore 117576. E-mail: [email protected] 3 Professor and Head, Institute for Risk and Reliability, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Germany, Institute for Risk and Uncertainty, University of Liverpool, UK, International Joint Research Center for Engineering Reliability and Stochastic Mechanics (ERSM), Tongji University, Shanghai, China, E-mail: [email protected] 4 Research Fellow, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore (NUS), 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore, 119260, Tel: (65) 65162195, Fax: (65) 67791635, Email: [email protected]

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  • www.grande.property

    Seagram Building

    375 Park Avenue, Ste. 2607

    New York, NY 10152

    T: 212.634.7470

    F: 212.634.7474

    E:[email protected]

    葡萄牙里斯本市的格兰德住宅区

    这座河边地带的住宅区由获过普利兹克奖的建筑师伦佐·皮亚诺设计，坐落于葡

    萄牙的里斯本市。这片住宅区有 400个单元，俯瞰着里斯本通往大西洋的河流。

    豪华型的住宅楼为您提供多种不同类型的公寓，卧室的数量从 1间到 7间不等。

    格兰德住宅区专为年轻夫妇以及人口较多的大家庭准备。如果您想要寻找一片自

    然祥和且带有城市生活气息的住处，这里是您的最佳选择。

    便捷度:乘飞机：里斯本的机场是葡萄牙规模最大、客流量也最大的机场。机场距

    离市中心大概 6.5 千米，靠近洛里什市（里斯本靠近中西部的一个小城）。与里

    斯本波尔特拉机场合作的航空公司数量繁多，大概有 40 余家。根据世界各地游

    客不同的需求，能够为他们提供商务舱和经济舱的服务。 乘火车：关于铁路运

    输，里斯本游客商务中心有 4 个主服务车站，分别是：圣塔阿波罗车站，罗西欧

    车站，巴雷鲁车站以及凯多索德尔车站。

    选择里斯本的原因：附近的特茹河步行区覆盖面积大约为 10 英亩（合 61 亩）。

    这片区域给人一种历史感，同时又有一种生动活泼感。格兰德所属的这片区域能

    够为人们提供各种各样的便利设施包括商业中心等等，可以满足不同人的不同需

    求。

    投资者移民项目：葡萄牙当局在 2012 年 10 月启动的“黄金签证计划”加速了非

    欧盟国家居民想要获得葡萄牙永久居住权的速度。在此项计划中，非欧盟居民仅

    仅需要完成法律规定中的一项投资计划就能取得在葡萄牙的永久居住权。获得永

    久居住权的居民能够自由出入欧洲的大部分国家（即申根国家）。

    http://www.grande.property/

  • www.grande.property

    Seagram Building

    375 Park Avenue, Ste. 2607

    New York, NY 10152

    T: 212.634.7470

    F: 212.634.7474

    E:[email protected]

    获得葡萄牙黄金签证七大优势：

    ·进入葡萄牙不需签证

    ·在欧洲申根国家旅行不需签证

    ·能够工作并生活在葡萄牙，甚至在其它欧洲国家

    ·家人也可来此居住

    ·签证停留期的优势

    5 年后取得永久居住权

    6 年后成为正式公民

    http://www.grande.property/

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