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Blair, N. E., 104

Blakeman, �., 2

Blasco, D., 50

Blatt, D. . E., 334, 335

Bliss, C. I., 268

Boardman, D. C., 280, 281

Boersma, L., 106

Boicourt, . C., 88

Boll, �., 105

Bond, . �., 80

Boss, E., 121

Bossert, . H., 107, 112, 113, 114

Bouche, M. B., 104

Boudreau, B. P., 61, 62, 92, 104, 105, 106

Bouskila, A., 219

Bowden, �. F., 29, 30, 89, 274

Bowles, P., 20, 29

Boyd, A. �., 220

Boyd, C. M., 279

Boynton, . �., 52

Bradford, E., 313

Bradley, E. F., 36

Bradley, . H., 65

Bradshaw, G. A., 269

Bray, D. �., 204, 206, 207

Brazeau, D., 86

Bredehoeft, �., 106

Breder, C. M., 210, 222

Brenowitz, A. H., 72

Bretz, . L., 93, 95

Bridgman, P. ., 271

Broadbent, S. �., 185

Broadwater, S. A., 208

Brock, �. E., 224

Broecker, . S., 47, 52

Broenkow, . ., 48

Brooker, L., 263

Brooker, M., 263

Brooks, N. H., 59

Brown, A. L., 91

Brown, D., 196

Brown, �., 88, 89

Brown, �. H., 261

Brown, L. E., 238

Brown, �. B., 124, 125, 126

Brown, �., 144

Brown, S., 293

Brownlee, �., 2

Brundige, G. C., 261

Brunet, �., 34, 35, 36, 38

Bryant, L. D., 258

Bryson, �. A., 286

Brzezinski, M., 291

Brzezinski, M. A., 54

Buat-Menard, P., 79

Buchmann, S., 80, 81

Buchmann, S. L., 81

Bull, G. D., 14, 86, 87

Bunday, B. D., 221

Bundock, E. A., 209

Bunnell, F. L., 239, 264

Burd, A. B., 55, 66, 156

Burns, �. H., 20, 29

Burrows, F. M., 71

Burt, . H., 239

Buskey, E. �., 208

Butman, C. A., 60

Cade, B. S., 263

Cain, M., 194

Calder, �. L., 26

Calderon, �., 86

Cale, P., 263

Cambalik, �. �., 65

Campbell, G. S., 33, 34

Campbell, �. A., 90

Canham, C. ., 9

Canino, M. F., 91

Cannings, C., 223

Cantrell, �. S., 265

Caponi, E. A., 282

444 Author Inde�

Carleton, �. H., 208

Carlson, D. �., 55

Carlton, �. T., 88

Carmi, S., 324

Carpenter, �. H., 20

Carpenter, S. �., 51

Carr, A., 115, 118, 165, 166, 167, 168

Carscaddia, �. E., 88

Carsel, �. F., 106

Carslaw, H. S., 15, 99, 108, 187, 305, 307, 323

Carter, H. H., 20

Carter, �., 262

Cassie, �. M., 3, 269

Caughey, T. �., 151

Challenor, P. G., 57

Chan, A. M., 294

Chandrasekhar, S., 149, 288, 289

Chang, P., 86

Chapman, S., 139

Charbeneau, �. �., 105

Charlesworth, D., 80

Charlton, T., 293

Charters, A. C., 46

Chatwin, P. C., 26

Checkley, D. M., �r., 65

Chen, L., 79

Cheng, L., 89

Chesson, P., 9

Chiang, C., 205, 208

Chiang, H. C., viii, 182, 204, 205, 206, 207

Childress, S., 26, 289

Childress, . S., 288, 289

Chin, . C., 294

Choat, �. H., 288

Chow, P. L., 324, 326, 327, 328

Christensen, �. P., 104

Church, �. A., 88

Church, T., 79

Church, T. M., 79

Churchill, A. C., 72

Churchill, �. H., 62

Cionco, �. M., 34, 36

Clark, C. ., 224

Clark, D. P., 174, 179

Clark, . C., 315

Clarke, �. H., 78

Cleland, M. A., 82, 83

Click, P. A., 172

Cloern, �. E., 60

Close, �. C., 79

Clutter, �. I., 211

Coale, S. L., 54, 55

Cobb, �. S., 287

Cochran, . ., 242

Co¤roth, M. A., 86

Cohen, S. �., 106

Cohen, �., 259

Coleman, P. �., 118

Colin, P. L., 87

Colin, S. P., 121, 124

Collett, T. S., 205

Collis-George, N., 26

Coma, �., 59, 86

Comins, H. N., 334, 335

Comins, M. N., 269

Comiskey, E. �., 260, 262

Confer, D. �., 291, 293

Conway, E., 325, 362

Conway, G. �., 6

Cook, C. D. �., 2, 72, 82

Cook, S. M. F., 104

Cooper, . E., 23804

Cooter, �. �., 202

Corrsin, S., 4, 24, 25

Corsi, F., 259

Cosner, C., 265

Costello, D. �., 55

Cottingham, �. L., 51

Cottrell, M. T., 294

Coughenour, M. B., 266

Coutts, M. P., 36

Cowen, �. P., 55

Co�, �., 263

Co�, P. A., 14, 82

Craig, H., 52

Craigie, �. H., 78

Crane, P. �., 80

Crank, �., 301

Crawford, C. S., 265

Crenshaw, H., 120

Cresswell, ., 225

Crisp, D. �., 289

Crowley, �. M., 65

Cruse, �. F., 106

Cruz �rive, L. M., 223

Csanady, G. T., 16, 27, 29, 115

Cucci, T. L., 54

Culverymszma, �., 291

Cyr, S., 89

Czihak, G., 86

Dahlgren, �. B., 95

Dahmen, H. �., 204

Dairiki, G., 88, 269

Dallavalle, �. M., 63

Dam, H. G., 55, 56

Dame, �. F., 59, 60

Damman, H., 194

Author Inde� 445

Daniel, D. E., 105

Daniel, T., 41

Danielsen, E. F., 79

Danielson, B. �., 262

Danielssen, D. S., 88

Darwin, C., 104

Davenport, D., 157, 158

David, C. T., 202

Davies, �. C., 96

Davies, P. A., 130

Davis, C. S., 121

Davis, F. ., 269

Davis, H. T., 256

Dawes, C. �., 41

Dawson, F. H., 42

Deacon, E. L., 26

Dean, �. D., 106

Dean, �. P., 280, 281

DeAngelis, D. L., 260, 262, 264

DeGrandpre, M. D., 52

Deibel, D., 59, 64

Deirmend ian, D., 78

Demaster, D. �., 104

Demers, S., 53

Deming, �. ., 293

Dengler, A. T., 50

Den Hartog, C., 41, 82, 83

den Hartog, G., 34, 36

Denman, �. L., 29, 276, 278, 279, 294, 300,

314, 372

Denn, M. M., 298

Dennett, M., 291

Denny, M. ., 39, 41, 85, 86

Dentener, F., 79

Denys, �., 293

Deuser, . G., 124, 125, 126

De�ol, A. H., 104

Diamond, �. M., 316

Dickey, T. D., 47, 57, 58, 124

Dickey-Collas, M., 88, 89

Dillon, T. M., 278

Di�on, P., 86

Doall, M. H., 121, 124

Dobzhansky, T., 3, 174, 176, 178

Dodd, C. �., �r., 263

Doney, S. C., 51

Doucet, P. G., 152

Downes, �. A., 204, 205

Dozier, B. �., 278

Drapeau, D. T., 55, 56

Draper, �., 202

Droppo, L. G., 55, 56

Drost, N. �., 152

Druehl, L. D., 46, 47

Duarte, C. M., 273, 274, 279

Dubois, D. M., 300, 328

Duce, �. A., 79

Ducker, S., 83

Ducklow, H. ., 51

Du¤y, . E., 262

Dugdale, �. C., 50, 51

Dunbar, D. S., 29

Dunbar, S. �., 137, 161

Dunn, �. E., 242

Dunning, �. B., �r., 262

Durrett, �., 9, 15

Dusenbery, D. B., 120, 121

Du Toit, �. T., 96

Dworschak, P. C., 101

Eaton, �. �., 23

Ebbesmeyer, C. C., 205, 208

Edelstein-�eshet, L., 202, 211, 232

Edwards, �. ., 286

Ehleringer, �., 38

Ehrenfeld, D. ., 165, 166, 167, 168

Eichorn, S. E., 71

Einstein, A., 144

Ellington, C. P., 93, 96

Elliott, �. P., 257, 258

Ellis, ., 79

Elskens, M., 51

Elton, C. S., 191

Emerson, S., 52, 104

Emlet, �. B., 88

En�eld, C. G., 106

Epel, D., 85

Eppley, �. ., 286

Epstein, A. ., 121

Esaias, . E., 279, 280

Esais, . E., 124, 125, 126

Esteve, I., 293

Evans, G. T., 51, 282, 315, 316, 355

Evans, �. H., 124, 125, 126

Evert, �. F., 71

Fabricus, �., 60

Fadlallah, �. H., 86

Faegri, �., 79, 80, 82

Fagan, ., 179

Faganeli, �., 54, 55

Falkowski, P. G., 42, 47

Faller, A. �., 274, 282

Farkas, S. �., 114

Farmer, . �., 106

Farnsworth, �. D., 266

Farr, �. A., 263

Fasham, M. �. �., 51, 279, 280

446 Author Inde�

Fauchald, P., 267

Fedoryako, B. I., 287

Feldman, G. C., 124, 125, 126

Fenchel, T., 104, 120, 274, 279, 292, 293, 294

Fernand, L., 88, 89

Fessas, �. P., 65

Fielding, G. T., 221

Fields, D. M., 123

Fife, P. C., 301, 306, 310, 362

Finch, S., 174

Findholt, S. L., 258

Findley, �. S., 186, 190

Finn, �. T., 262

Finnigan, �., 32

Finnigan, �. �., 33, 34, 35, 36, 38

Fischer, H. B., 29, 30, 59

Fisher, �. S., 42

Fisher, �. A., 2, 306, 308

Fitzwater, S. E., 79

Flannigan, D. T., 55, 56

Fleming, D. M., 260, 262

Fleming, �. H., 115

Flierl, G., 14, 229, 232

Flohn, H., 78

Focht, D. D., 106

Foda, M. A., 78, 79

Foin, T. C., 51

Follett, �. F., 106

Fong, P., 51

Fonseca, M. S., 42

Forbes, A. M. G., 88

Forbes, T. L., 104

Forbes, �. E., 104

Forgacs, �. L., 83

Fossing, H., 102

Fowler, S. ., 54, 63

Fraenkel, G. S., 132

France, �. L., 46

Francis, E. A., 280, 281

Frank, �. T., 88

Franson, S. E., 69

Fre chette, M., 60

Freed, �. H., 106

French, N. �., 250

Frenkiel, F. N., 20, 26, 27, 227

Fretwell, S. C., 59

Frontier, S., 54

Fuhrman, �. A., 57, 279, 290, 294

Fu imoto, M., 88, 89

Fu ita, �., 53

Fukuda, M., 54

Fulton, �. D., 314

Furusawa, �., 257

Furuya, �., 54

Gaines, S., 88

Gallager, S. M., 121

Galloway, �. N., 79

Gallucci, �. F., 296

Galton, F., 222

Gambi, M. C., 42

Ganf, G., 64

Garcia, C. M., 55

Garcia, M., 42

Garc# a-Moliner, G., 269

Garcon, �., 47

Gardner, G. B., 291

Gardner, L. �., 104

Gardner, . D., 62

Garrott, �. A., 258

Garvine, �. ., 88, 89

Gary, N. E., 248

Garza, D. �., 294

Gaston, �. �., 261

Gauzens, A. L., 53, 54

Gaylord, B., 41

Geers, �., 258

Genin, A., 60

George, D. G., 286

Georgii, B., 264

Gerard, �., 282

Geron, C. D., 38

Geyer, . G., 60

Geyer, . �., 60

Ghodrati, M., 105

Gibson, G., 204

Gi¤ord, F., 20, 117

Gilbert, . M., 240

Gili, �. M., 59

Gillies, M. T., 114, 174

Gillis, �., 241

Gilmartin, M., 54

Gipson, P. S., 242

Gitzen, �. A., 261

Glansdor¤, P., 298

Glass, �. �., 106

Glover, D. M., 51

Glover, �. M., 203

Gmitro, �. I., 357

Godden, D. A., 278

Godson, . L., 70, 71

Goedseels, �., 258

Goel, N. S., 1, 150

Goeyens, L., 51

Goldman, C. �., 29

Goldstein, S., 134, 136

Gonzalez, �. M., 294

Good, A. G., 208

Gopalsamy, �., 323, 344, 345, 365, 367, 368

Author Inde� 447

Gordon, A. L., 47, 282

Gordon, �. M., 79

Gosz, �. �., 265

Gotschalk, C. C., 57, 58, 59

Govoni, �. �., 272

Grace, �., 32, 33, 36

Graf, G., 61

Granata, T. C., 57, 58, 124

Gray, A. H., 151

Greenberg, �. M., 76

Greene, C. H., 269

Greene, D. F., 67, 70

Greenwood, �. �. D., 261

Greenwood, P. �., 259

Gregory, P. H., 3, 64, 67, 73

Greig-Smith, P., 246

Grewecke, M., 202

Gri�n, D. �., 189

Grill, E. �., 48, 49

Grimes, C. B., 102, 272

Grimm, �., 262

Grindrod, P., 156, 347

Grizzle, �. E., 43

Gronell, A. M., 87

Grooms, T., 104

Groot, C., 87

Gross, �. E., 266

Gross, L. �., 260, 262

Grossat, H. P., 55

Gru�nbaum, D., 14, 143, 161, 162, 197, 202,

211, 226, 229, 232, 234, 235, 236, 266

Guenther, A. B., 38

Gueron, S., 221, 229, 230, 235

Gulbransen, T., 287

Gunn, B. H., 69

Gunn, D. L., 132

Guo, �. H., 82

Gurney, . S. C., 140, 300, 316, 337, 339,

340, 341, 342

Gurtin, M. E., 140, 300, 334, 337, 339, 365,

366, 368

Gust, G., 43

Gyllenberg, M., 9

Haas, C. A., 263

Hadeler, �. P., 306, 323

Hagley, C. A., 46

Haken, H., 214

Hall, �. L., 138

Halloway, C. F., 55

Haltiner, G. H., 26

Hamblin, P. F., 59, 60

Hamilton, . D., 222, 223

Hamilton, . �., 240

Hammar, T. �., 52

Hamner, P., 107, 121

Hamner, . M., 107, 121, 208, 280, 282

Hangartner, ., 114

Hannon, S. �., 263

Hansen, �. L. S., 54, 55

Hansen, L., 79

Hanski, I., 9

Hansteen, T. L., 261

Haque, �., 106

Harder, L. D., 80

Hardy, �. �., 203

Harestad, A. S., 239, 264

Harger, B. . ., 46

Harper, �. L., 71, 72

Harris, �. S., 238

Harris, L. �., 51

Harrison, P. �., 46, 47

Harrison, P. L., 14, 86, 87

Harrison, . G., 50, 51

Hartless, C. S., 259

Hartway, C., 264

Harvey, B. C., 262

Harvey, D. T., 104

Harvey, P. H., 261

Hashimoto, H., 336

Hassan, E., 173, 174

Hassell, M. P., 269, 294

Hastings, A. M., 9

Hasumoto, H., 53

Hauri, I. �., 280

Haury, L. �., 269

Hawkes, C., 173

Hawley, �. E., 48

Hayes, �. �., 67, 73, 74

Hayward, T., 52

Heaney, S. I., 286

Heany, S. I., 53

Hebert, D., 50, 51

Hebert, P. D. N., 208

Heggie, D., 52, 104

Heiser, C. B., �r., 32

Hellgren, E. C., 264

Helmuth, B., 41

Hemleben, C., 124

Heppner, F. H., 240

Herman, A. ., 54

Hewitt, G., 174, 176, 179, 182

Heywood, A. �., 86

Hicks, B. B., 79

Hida, T., 144, 297

Hill, A. E., 88, 89, 90

Hill, A. �., 257

Hill, C. �., 89, 263

448 Author Inde�

Hill, �. C., 300

Hill, P. S., 57, 58

Hillier, . �., 57

Hills, �. G., 105

Hinckley, S., 88

Hinze, �. �., 33, 198

Hirano, T., 88, 89

Hobbs, �. �., 263

Hock, �. �., 189

Ho¤, D., 325, 362

Ho¤man, �. S., 238

Holen, �. �., 60

Holgate, P., 220, 240

Holling, C. S., 257, 258, 314, 315, 354

Holmes, E., 136, 180, 195, 308

Holmes, �. ., 105

Holmquist, �. G., 46

Holtz, D., 106

Hon o, S., 64

Hoppensteadt, F., 310

Horenstein, ., 185

Hori, �., 148

Horibe, �., 34, 36

Horie, T., 38

Horsburgh, �. �., 88, 89

Horwood, �. ., 279

Hoskin, C. M., 52

Hoven, H., 43

Howard, L. N., 332

Howland, H. C., 255, 256, 257

Hsieh, C. I., 38

Huang, . ., 79

Hudson, D. B., 105

Hudswell, F., 20, 29

Humphrey, S. �., 192

Hundertmark, �. �., 259

Hunter, C. L., 86

Hunter, �. �., 209, 212

Hunter, S. H., 288, 289

Hurd, C. H., 46

Hurd, C. L., 46, 47

Hurlbert, S. H., 268

Huth, A., 219

Hutson, �. L., 106

Huyakorn, P. S., 105

Ikawa, T., 89

Iles, T. D., 88, 89

Ilse, L. M., 264

Imai, I., 25, 33, 283

Imai, �., 38

Imberger, �., 59, 101

Imboden, D. M., 104

Ims, �. A., 261

Inagaki, T., 211, 212

Incze, L. S., 121

Inoue, E., 3, 20, 32, 34, 35, 37, 38, 173

Inoue, N., 54

Inoue, T., 171, 247

Irwin, B. D., 51

Irwin, M. E., 204

Ishikawa, �., 278

Ishimaru, T., 53

Isobe, S., 34, 36, 38

Ito, �., 150

Ito, M., 172

Ito, �., 3, 170, 174, 296

Iwao, S., 268

Iwasa, �., 294, 320

Izumi, T., 96

�ackson, G. A., 39, 40, 55, 56, 64, 66, 156,

291, 294

�ackson, �. L., 3, 348, 351

�aeger, �. C., 15, 99, 108, 187, 305, 307, 323

�ahn, T. L., 288

�ahnke, �., 52, 104

�amart, B. M., 54

�ames, G. B., 34

�ames, I. �., 177

�annasch, H. ., 47

�arvis, �. . M., 96

�arvis, P. G., 32

�assby, A. D., 300

�eans, �. H., 206

�e¤rey, . H., 294

�enkinson, I. �., 55

�ennrich, �. I., 238, 239

�essen, C. �., 4, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247,

262

�ewell, P. A., 238

�ickells, T. D., 79

�illett, �. B., 287

�ohnson, B. �., 258

�ohnson, C. G., 77, 173, 174

�ohnson, C. P., 66

�ohnson, E. A., 67, 70

�ohnson, M. ., 115

�ohnson, �., 47

�ohnstone, �. C. B., 221

�ones, D. D., 315

�ones, �., 186

�ones, �. E., 185

�ones, �. S., 102

�orne , �., 300, 324, 333, 357

�oseph, �., 20, 28, 116, 117, 273

�owise, P. P., 106

�oyce, �. �. �., 173

Author Inde� 449

�uhl, A. �., 273

�umars, P. A., 42, 52, 53, 57, 58, 121, 293

�ury, . A., 106

�aae, �. S., 113

�ac, M., 241, 242

�adir, T. N., 106

�ametaka, �., 306

�amykowski, D., 65

�areiva, P., 9, 137, 152, 172, 174, 175, 179,

180, 193, 264, 326

�arl, D. M., 48

�arp-Boss, L., 121

�atul, G. G., 38

�awasaki, �., 159, 160, 182, 193, 232, 245,

246, 264, 334

�awatani, T., 36

�eeney, D. �., 106

�eller, E. F., 151, 152.161

�emble, E. C., 340

�emp, . M., 52

�endall, D. G., 185

�endall, M. G., 2, 305, 306, 307

�enney, B. C., 287

�enward, �. E., 264

�eough, �. �., 46, 264

�ern, �. ., 258

�erner, E. H., 300, 333

�ernohan, B. �., 261

�essler, �. �., 289, 290

�ettle, D. S., 250

�ierstead, H., 271, 272

�iester, A. �., 240, 250, 254, 255

�ilgore, D. L., 93, 96, 97, 99, 100, 101

�ilham, P., 51, 286

�ilham, S. S., 51

�ils, ., 209

�im, �., 86

�im, S., 88

�indblom, L., 43

�ing, �. M., 34, 36

�ing, P., 62

�ingsford, M. �., 288

�innear, A., 64

�i�rboe, T., 54, 55, 57

�iriyama, S., 65

�ishimoto, �., 173

�itching, �., 250�253, 262

� elleberg, S., 293

�leiber, M., 239

�nap, A. H., 47

�nap, T. D., 79

�nauer, G. A., 54

�nauer, G. H., 48

�no�, B., 83

�obayashi, �., 38

�och, A. L., 165, 166, 167, 168

�och, E. ., 43, 47

�oehl, M. A. �., 41, 47, 88, 123, 269

�oeppl, �. ., 238

�oh, �. C. �., 59

�olber, �., 47

�olmogorov, A., 2, 306, 309, 310

�olmogorov, A. N., 276

�omar, P. D., 63

�ondo, �., 34

�ono, T., 3, 170, 171

�ool, �. B., 105

�oontz, F. ., 261

�oopman, B. �., 82

�opell, N., 332

�orhonen, �., 101

�ose¤, �. �., 60

�ostitzin, �. A., 1

�owal, N. E., 5

�oyama, �., 205

�rakauer, D. C., 219

�ranck, �., 55

�rause, �., 210

�rembs, C., 273

�riegerbrockett, B. B., 293

�ristmanson, D. D., 59, 60

�uechle, �. B., 242

�ullenberg, G., 355

�ullenberg, G. E. B., 355

�uno, E., 185, 268, 319, 320

�uo, �., 83

�uroki, T., 211, 212

Labisky, �. F., 259

Laca, E. A., 266

Lack, A., 80, 82

Lal, D., 48

Lalucat, �., 293

Lam, �. �., 54

Lamare, M. D., 87

Lamberson, �. H., 262

Lamm, P., 180

Lamp, H. H., 78

Lamp, �. P., 173, 174

Lampitt, �. S., 57

Land, E. D., 260

Land, M. F., 205

Landa, �. T., 219

Landahl, H. D., 306, 311

Lande, �., 66, 291

Landsberg, �. �., 34

Langevin, P., 148

450 Author Inde�

Langmuir, I., 280

Larson, �. �., 287

Larsson, P. �., 88

Lasker, H. �., 86

Lavelle, �. ., 65

Laws, �. M., 221

Lazier, �. �. N., 50, 52, 54, 120, 292

LeBrasseur, �. S., 314

Le Fevre, �., 54

Legendre, L., 53

Legget, . C., 88

Leggett, . C., 89

Leibovich, S., 283

Lei , F. �., 106

Lekan, �. F., 279

Leonard, L. A., 45

Leppard, G. G., 55, 56

Lerman, A., 48

Les, D. H., 82, 83

Levandowsky, M., 288, 289, 311, 314, 315

Levin, L. A., 88

Levin, S., viii, �i, �ii, 3, 9, 10, 14, 15, 67, 71,

72, 75, 193, 221, 229, 230, 232, 235, 298,

322, 343, 344, 345, 349, 353, 354, 357, 359,

360, 361, 362, 371

Levins, �., 349

Levitan, D. �., 85, 86

Levy, II, H., 79

Lewis, M., 193

Lewis, M. �., 50, 51

Li, B.-L., 269

Li, T.-�., 8

Li, '., 55, 66

Li, �., 105

Libelo, E. L., 102, 103

Libelo, L. F., 102, 103

Liebhold, A., 175, 193

Linden, D. �., 104

Linden, H. P., 81

Linder, �. L., 95

Lindqvist, �., 105

Lindstrom, F. T., 106

Linnell, �., 264

Lipschultz, F., 291

Liss, P. S., 52, 79

Liss, S. N., 55, 56

List, E. �., 59

Liu, M. G., 79

Liu, S. M., 79

Liu, �., 106

Lloyd, A. L., 294

Lobo, A., 269

Lochmann, S. E., 56

Loefer, �. B., 288

Loewen, M. �., 59, 60

Logan, B. E., 55, 66, 291, 293

Logan, �. A., 259

Long, G. E., 192

Long, �. A., 273

Longhurst, A. �., 48

Lopez, F., 42

Lorenz, E. N., 8

Lotka, A. �., 1

Louw, G. N., 96

Lowe, A. D., 79

Ludwig, D., 311, 314, 315

Luh, H.-�., 260

Lumley, �. L., 277

Lund, �. . G., 53

Luther, M. E., 45

Lutteg, B., 219

MacArthur, �. H., 318

Machta, L., 79

Machtans. C. S., 263

MacIntyre, S., 58, 59

MacIntyre, . G., 102, 103

MacIsaac, �. �., 50

Mackas, D. L., 279

Mackenzie, B. �., 89

Madsen, S. D., 104

Maehr, D. S., 259, 260

Ma�one, �., 55

Mahlman, �. D., 79

Maitland, A., 104

Maitland, D. P., 104

Maitra, S. C., 1

Maki, T., 33

Mangel, M., 219

Mann, �. H., 50, 52, 54, 120, 292

Margolis, L., 87

Mari, '., 54, 55

Marie, D., 60

Marinelli, �. L., 104

Marquet, �., 55

Marra, �., 280, 281

Marshall, B., 32

Marshall, E. �. P., 42

Marshall, T. �., 105

Marshall, . H., 189

Martin, F. L., 26

Martin, �. H., 48, 79

Martinez-Alonso, M-�., 293

Mar�, D. B., 258

Mason, D. M., 269

Mason, S. G., 83

Matiso¤, G., 104

Matlock, G. �., 70

Author Inde� 451

Matson, M., 79

Maurer, B. A., 261, 269

Ma�ey, M. �., 23

May, M. L., 239

May, �. M., 1, 8, 269, 294, 301, 316, 322, 332

Mayer, L. M., 62

Maynard Smith, �., 1, 343

McCamy, �. C., 140, 300, 337, 339, 368

McCave, I. N., 56

McCown, �. ., 260

McGillicuddy, D. �., 47

McGowan, �. A., 269

McGurk, M. D., 88, 89

Mc�elvie, S. M., 51

McLeod, �. B., 310

McManus, M. L., 130

McMurtrie, �., 273, 298, 312, 316, 325, 336

McNab, B. �., 239

McNeil, �., 47

McTaggart Cowan, I., 257, 258

Mead, �. S., 86

Meadows, A., 93

Meadows, P. S., 93

Mebus, �. �., 42

Me¤erd, �. B., 288

Mehlman, D. ., 263

Mellott, L. E., 260

Menge, B. A., 59

Mercer, �. ., 105

Merlivat, L., 52

Meroney, �. M., 36

Merrill, �. T., 79

Meyer, G. E., 282

Meyers, D. E., 115

Meyers, M. B., 102

Michaels, A. F., 47, 124

Midgley, �., 81

Midgley, �. �., 80

Miller, �. M., 79

Miller, �. T., 89

Miller, �. E., 259

Millspaugh, �. �., 261

Milton, �., 239

Mimura, M., 324, 349, 355, 356, 362

Minas, H. �., 51

Minosmith, S. G., 60

Mitchell, �., 274, 279, 292, 293, 294

Mitchell, �. G., 57, 269, 279, 290, 293

Mitchell-Innes, B., 54, 55

Miyashita, �., 174

Moar, N. T., 79

Moen, �., 259

Mogilner, A., 211, 232

Moksness, E., 88

Mollison, D., 9.15, 76, 306

Moloney, �. A., 269

Monismith, S. G., 60

Monteith, �. L., 33, 38

Montgomery, �. B., 117

Montroll, E. ., 1, 306, 311

Moody, �., 79

Mooi , . M., 264

Mooney, H. A., 38

Moore, P. A., 123

Moore, P. D., 76

Moore, . S., 104

Moran, �. C., 69

Morgan, B. �. T., 221

Morisita, M., 3, 158, 170, 171, 176, 247, 268

Morowitz, H. �., 296

Morris, ., 185

Morse, A. P., 63

Mort, M. A., 208

Mortensen, �. E., 151

Mo�im, . �., 79

Mueller, �. A., 52

Muir, A., 194

Mulhearn, P. �., 33, 36

Mulkey, L. A., 106

Muller-�arger, F. E., 124, 125, 126

Mundy, C. N., 86

Munk, P., 88

Munk, . H., 48

Munn, �. E., 27

Murie, M., 191

Murray, A. G., 294

Murray, �., 196

Murray, �. D., 310, 322, 324, 355, 362

Murthy, C. �., 28, 29

Myrup, L. �., 278

Nagai, �., 34, 36

Na ar, �. G., 51

Nakai, T., 53

Nakaoka, �., 152, 161

Nakata, �., 278

Napp, �. M., 91

Neale, P. �., 53

Nee, S., 261

Nelson, D. M., 51

Nelson, E., 144, 148

Nemoto, T., 54

Nepf, H. M., 43, 45, 46, 60

Neushul, M., 46

Newell, C. �., 43

Nicolis, G., 298, 322

Nieves, G., 72

Niklas, �. �., 39, 71, 72, 79, 80, 81

452 Author Inde�

Ninham, B. ., 140

Nisbet, �. M., 140, 300, 316, 337, 339, 340,

341, 342

Nishida, T., 324

Nishiki, S., 130

Nishiura, �., 349, 355, 362

Nishizawa, S., 54

Niwa, H. S., 214, 215, 235

Ni�on, S. ., 52

Noble, �. �., 328, 329, 330

Noble, P. S., 38

Nonacs, P., 219

Noon, B. �., 262

Norcross, B. L., 88

Nordholm, �., 148

Norman, �. M., 33, 34

Nott, M. P., 260, 262

Nottestad, L., 219

Nowel, A. �. M., 57, 58

Nowell, A. �. M., 42

�akey, N. S., 50, 51

��Brien, D. P., 209

��Brien, E. E., 115

��Brien, �. �., 314

��Bryan, L. M., 54

�da, T., 174

�dell, P., 152, 175, 180, 326

�dum, H. T., 52

�gata, A., 106

�gden, E. C., 67, 73, 74

�gura, �., 20, 24, 33, 275

�kabe, H., 89

�kubo, A., vii�i�, ���i, 9.18, 20, 22, 23, 28,

29, 31, 34, 41, 42, 43, 47, 48, 51, 57, 67, 71,

72, 75, 83, 84, 87, 88, 89, 90, 182, 193, 197,

204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 211, 235, 269, 272,

273, 274, 278, 279, 280, 290, 291, 292, 315,

349, 354, 355

�liver, �. �., 14, 86, 87

�liver, �., 64

�liver, �. L., 65

�lson, D., 14, 229, 232

�lson, D. B., 272

�lson, �. �., 204

��Melia, C. �., 65

�osawa, F., 152, 161

�rellana, M. �., 294

���iordan, C. A., 60

�rnstein, L. S., 148, 200, 202

���ourke, M. �., 81

�rr, �. T., 115

�schlies, A., 47

�ster, G., 8, 370, 373

�stling, �., 293

�stro, L. E., 261

�take, A., 5

�thmer, H. G., 137, 161, 325, 357

�tis, D. L., 261

�viatt, C. A., 52

�wen, �. ., 273, 279, 286, 287

�wens, N. �. P., 52

�zmidov, �. �., 20, 28, 273

Pacala, S., 9, 88

Pacenka, S., 106

Packard, T. T., 50

Pa¤enhofer, G.-A., 121

Paine, �. T., 9, 371

Palme n, E., 117

Parker, G. N., i�

Parker, I. S. C., 221

Parkinson, �. L., 257

Parlange, �. �., 106

Parr, A. E., 210, 217

Parrington, �. �., 79

Parrish, �. �., 197, 209, 219

Parslow, �. S., 269

Parsons, T. �., 314

Pasquill, F., 20, 27

Passow, ., 55

Pastor, �., 259

Patlak, C. S., 140, 141, 142, 143

Pattiaratchi, C., 86

Pattle, �. E., 182

Paw , �. T., 81

Pearcy, �. ., 38

Pearson, �., 2

Pederson, �., 42

Pedley, T. �., 290

Peletier, L. A., 306

Peloquin, �. �., 204

Penndorf, �., 78

Pereira, A. �., 33

Perrier, E. �., 36

Perry, �. N., 268

Peters, �. H., 261, 262

Peterson, �. �., 208

Petrovksy, I., 2, 306, 309, 310

Pettit, �., 83

Phan, T., 106

Phelps, E. B., 52

Philbrick, C. T., 82

Philip, �. P., 313

Philip, �. �., 312

Phillips, B. F., 287

Phillips, �. M., 25

Phinney, D. A., 53, 54

Author Inde� 453

Picquelle, S., 88

Pielou, E. C., 1, 6, 8, 247, 268, 296, 320

Pilskaln, C., 291

Pilskaln, C. H., 54, 55, 62

Piscounov, N., 2, 306, 309, 310

Pitcher, T. �., 197, 209

Piwoni, M. D., 105

Plaia, G., 104

Planck, �. �., 240

Platt, �. �., 276, 277, 288, 314, 372

Platt, T., 50, 51, 278, 300, 314, 371, 372

Plesset, M. S., 289

Poland, D., 140

Pollack, �. B., 79

Pond, S., 48

Posedel, N., 54, 55

Post, A. F., 60

Powell, E. N., 102

Powell, �. �., 178

Powell, �. A., 264

Powell, T. M., 29, 88, 269, 274, 278

Powers, D. A., 88, 89, 91

Prandtl, L., 33, 94

Price, �. F., 280, 281

Priede I. G., 258

Prigogine, I., 298, 322

Pritchard, D. ., 20

Procter, L. M., 294

Proctor, M., 80, 82

Prospero, �. M., 79

Pudsey, C. �., 62

Puers, B., 258

Pugh, P. �., 279

Pulliam, H. �., 224, 225

Purcell, E. M., 130, 292

Pytkowicz, �. M., 48

Quentin, L. B., 64

Quinn, P., 79

�adakov, D. �., 209, 217

�aedeke, �. �., 261

�agotzkie, �. A., 286

�ahm, L., 61

�ailsback, S. F., 262

�ainey, �. C., 190, 202, 203

�a agopalan, S., 32

�aman, �. �., 152

�amarao, B. �., 65

�ao, P. S. C., 106

�apaport, D. C., 14

�aupach, M. �., 32, 35, 36, 38

�aven, �. A., 42

�aven, P. H., 71

�ay, A, �., 102

�aymor, G. S., 76

�aynor, G. S., 67, 73, 74

�ead, A. F., 261

�egal, P. �., 80

�eid, C., 194

�einhardt, A. H., 79

�enner, S. S., 80

�evelante, N., 54

�eynolds, C. S., 53, 65

�ichards, �. C., 29

�ichardson, L. F., 17, 20

�ichardson, M. �., 62

�ichardson, �. H., 176

�icherson, P. �., 29, 278

�ichmond, �. H., 86

�ichter, �. E., 205, 280

�ichter-Dyn, N., 150

�icklefs, �. E., 80

�idd, P. �., 103

�iebesell, ., 56

�i¤enburgh, �. H., 224

�iley, G. A., 48, 54, 55

�iley, �. �., 204

�isch, S., 175

�ittenhouse, L. A., 266

�obbins, A., 51

�oberts, A., 292

�obinson, A. �., 47

�obinson, . N., 42

�obock, A., 79

�oe, H. S. �., 279

�ogers, D., 183

�ohlf, F. �., 157, 158, 176, 179

�olston, D. E., 106

�oman, M. �., 53, 54

�omano, �. C., 55

�ombakis, S., 3, 67, 70

�omey, . L., 219

�oof, �. C., 260

�oot, T. �., 262

�osen, G., 300, 324, 357

�osen, �., 348

�oss, �. M., 64

�otenberg, M., 306, 365, 368

�oth, �., 106

�othe, F., 306, 323, 324

�othlisberg, P. C., 88

�oughgarden, �., 88

�ubenstein, D. I., 229

�uckleshaus, M. H., 84, 264

�uiz, �., 58, 66

�undel, P. ., 38

�ussell, G., 32

454 Author Inde�

�ust, M. �., 114

�uth, T. �., 259

�uzycki, E., 46

Sa¤mann, P. G., 29

Saila, S. B., 186, 190

Saito, T., 34, 36

Sakai, S., 215, 216, 217

Sakamoto, ., 211, 212

Saleem, �. A., 105

Salvatori, �., 259

Sampson, �. F., 84

Sanderson, G. C., 238

Sand-�ensen, �., 42

Sarmiento, �. L., 51

Sa�ena, �. P., 358

Schaefer, G. ., 203, 204, 284

Scheltema, �. S., 88, 89, 90, 91

Schindler, D. E., 51

Schmidt, ., 20

Schmidt-Nielsen, �., 239

Schmitz, G., 193

Schneider, B., 79

Schneider, D., 282

Schoener, T. ., 239, 261

Schro�dter, H., 3, 67, 69, 70

Schubel, �. �., viii

Schultz, C., 175, 179

Schumacher, �. D., 88

Schwarz, M., 140

Schwink, I., 114

Scott, �. T., 282

Scott, L. �., 115

Scotter, D. �., 173, 174

Scriven, L. E., 357

Seaman, D. E., 261, 264

Sebastian, S., 106

Segel, L. A., 3, 151, 152, 152.161, 348, 349,

351, 353, 354, 359, 360, 361, 362

Seginer, I., 36

Seitz, �. D., 102, 103

Selker, �. S., 105

Sendner, H., 20, 28, 116, 117, 273

Sethian, �. A., 14

Sha¤er, G., 48, 49, 51, 53

Shalit, G., 105

Shanks, A. L., 55, 288

Shannon, C. E., 296, 297

Shannon, L. �., 90

Shappy, �. A., 186, 190

Sharma, P., 104

Sharov, A., 175, 193

Shaw, E., 212

Shaw, �. F., 88

Shaw, �. H., 33, 34, 36

Sheets, �. G., 95

Shibata, M. F., 85

Shigesada, N., 4, 137, 140, 158, 159, 160, 175,

179, 180, 182, 193, 264, 334, 345, 346

Shono, S., 26

Shorey, H. H., 113, 114

Short, F. T., 43

Shum, �. T., 92

Siegel, D. A., 47, 124, 125, 126

Sierszen, M., 46

Sigurdsson, �. B., 130

Silander, �. A., 9

Silver, M. ., 54, 55

Silver, S. C., 261

Silvert, ., 371, 372

Simberlo¤, D., 263

Simon, M., 55

Sims, P. L., 266

Sinclair, A. �. E., 221

Sinclair, M., 88, 89

Sini¤, D. B., 4, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247,

262

Sinko, �. ., 370

Skellam, �. G., viii, 2, 6, 7, 127, 134, 136, 143,

145, 147, 154, 178, 191, 192, 194, 271, 272,

298, 302, 306, 311, 312

Skidmore, A. �., 259

Skinner, D., 101

Skinner, G., 174

Slade, D. H., 17, 27

Slade, N. A., 238, 261

Slater, �. D., 51

Slatkin, M., 240, 250, 254, 255

Slobodkin, L. B., 271, 272, 369

Small, L. F., 63

Smayda, T. �., 63, 64, 282, 286

Smethie, . M., 104

Smith, A. D., 204

Smith, C. N., 106

Smith, F. A., 47

Smith, P. E., 219

Smoller, �., 325, 362

Smoluchowski, M., 144

Smoth, �r., �. L., 205

Snell, T. ., 121

Sokal, �. �., 176, 179

Solow, A., 121

Soong, T. T., 148, 149, 150

Soster, F. M., 104

Soudine, A., 79

South, A., 264

Southern, . E., 189

Sperry, �., 82

Author Inde� 455

Spiegel, E. A., 288, 289

Spitzer, F., 133

Sposito, G., 106

Spring, S. M., 91

Springer, S., 222, 226

Squires, �. D., 23

Srinivasan, S., 293

Stabeno, P. �., 88, 89, 91

Stamhuis, E. �., 102

Stander, G. H., 90

Stanley, E., 196

Starczak, �. �., 60

Stavn, �. H., 284, 285, 286, 287

Steele, �. H., 3, 6, 269, 273, 355, 357, 358,

373

Steenhuis, T., 106

Steenhuis, T. S., 105, 106

Steinberg, D. �., 54, 55

Stepanov, �. M., 73

Stephens, G. �., 173

Stevens, C. L., 46, 47

Stevens, E. E., 262

Stewart, B. G., 87

Stewart, D. �., 262

Stewart, �., 282

Stigebrandt, A., 52

Stoeckly, B., 152

Stommel, H., 282

Stone, E. L., 105

Strathmann, �., 88, 89, 91

Stratonovich, �. L., 150

Streeter, H. ., 52

Streifer, ., 370, 373

Strickler, �. �., 121, 123, 124

Strutton, P. G., 269

Stumm, ., 65

Sture, �., 148

Styan, C. A., 86

Sugiura, �., 53

Sullivan, �. A., 45

Sullivan, �. T., 204, 205

Sundby, S., 63, 282, 291

Surtt, G. C., 51

Sutcli¤e, �. L., 263

Suttle, C. A., 294

Sutton, �. G., 20, 26, 27, 70

Suzuki, �., 215, 216, 217

Svensson, ., 61

Sverdrup, H. ., 115

Swaney, D. P., 51, 104

Sweanor, L. L., 259

Swift, D. M., 266

Swift, S. M., 258

Swihart, �. �., 261

Swingland, I. �., 259

Symons, P. E. �., 209

Syr a�ma�ki, �., 204

Syslo, M., 287

Takahashi, �., 64

Takahashi, M., 53, 314

Takahashi, �., 373

Takayama, �., 293

Takeda, �., 33

Takeda, �., 193

Talbot, �. ., 88, 89, 93, 94, 355

Talling, �. F., 53

Tam, . C., 324, 326, 327, 328

Tani, I., 33

Tani, N., 38

Taylor, A. C., 102

Taylor, F. �. �., 282

Taylor, G. I., 16, 20, 21, 29, 136

Taylor, G. S., 76

Taylor, L. �., 127, 268

Taylor, �. A. �., 127

Temple, L. �., 259

Tennekes, H., 277

Terada, T., 2

Teramoto, E., 4, 140, 158, 159, 160, 175, 182,

314, 320, 334, 345, 346

Tester, �. �., 242

Thacker, . C., 65

Thayer, G. ., 42

Therriault, �.-C., 53, 278

Thibodeau�, L. �., 61, 62

Thom, A. S., 34, 314

Thom, P. G., 32, 36

Thom, �., 32

Thomann, �. �., 52

Thomas, C. D., 263

Thomas, F. I. M., 87

Thomas, �. H., 65

Thompson, �. �., 60

Thresh, �. M., 204

Thurtell, G. ., 34, 36

Tiet ens, �. G., 33, 94

Tilman, D., 9, 51

Timm, ., 290, 291

Tiselius, P, 54, 55

Titman, C. ., 130

Titman, D., 286

Toggweiler, �. �., 51

Tokos, �. �., 79

Tolbert, . ., 130

Tomlinson, A. I., 79

Tonolli, L., 269

Tonolli, �., 269

456 Author Inde�

Toride, N., 106

Townsend, D. ., 54

Treger, �. ., 210

Treguer, P., 51

Treisman, M., 226

Trent, �. D., 55

Trevors, �., 193

Troksa, M. �., 104

Trucco, E., 365

Tsuda, A., 54

Tsunogai, S., 48, 52, 79

Tufto, �., 264

Turchin, P., 14, 143, 174, 179, 180, 195, 259,

262, 264

Turing, A. M., 3, 348

Turner, F. B., 238, 239

Turuoka, �., 173

chi ima, �., 38

dagawa, T., 38

hlenbeck, G. E., 148, 149, 200, 202

nited States Congress, ��ce of Technology

Assessment, 193

nsworth, M. H., 33, 38

tida, S., 3, 171, 173, 174

�abo, �., 219

�an der Heiden, ., 323

�an der Hei de, P., 106

van der Pi l, L., 71, 72, 79, 80, 82

�andevelde, T., 53

van er Meer, F., 259

�an Genuchten, M. Th., 106

�an Hemert, D., 54

�an Lawick-Goodall, �., 221

�an �lst, �. C., 209

van ingerden, . �. �. E., 130

�aque , D, 273, 274, 279

�aulot, D., 60

�enrick, E. L., 53

�erdugo, P., 294

�erduin, �. �., 83

�etter, �. A., 293

�ickers, N. �., 123

�idakovic, B., 38

�ideler, �. �., 102

�illard, M., 263

�illareal, T. A., 291

�ine, I., 223

�isser, A., 51, 54, 55

�ivoni, E. �., 43

�ogel, H., 86

�ogel, S., 63, 92, 93, 95, 96, 100, 129

�olterra, �., 1

�on Foerster, H., 365

�ugts, H. F., 130

addell, �. �., 105

agenet, �. �., 106

aite, A., 55

alker, D. I., 83

alker, N. A., 47

allace, A. �., 89

allace, C. C., 14, 86, 87

allace, D. . �., 52

alo¤, �., 202, 203

alsby, A. E., 65

alter, G. H., 69

alters, D. M., 106

alther, E. G., 282

ang, D., 287

ang, �. H., 79

ang, M. C., 149, 202

ang, '., 104

angersky, P. �., 54

anninkhof, �., 52

ard-Smith, A. �., 72

arner, D. ., 242

ashington, �. ., 105

atanabe, S., 3, 171, 173, 174

atmough, �., 202, 211

att, �. E. F., 6, 247

a�, N., 144

aycott, M., 82, 83, 84

eatherly, G. L., 62

eaver, ., 296, 297

eber, P., 76

eiland, �. H., 65

eilenmann, ., 65

einbauer, M. G., 294

einberger, H. F., 308, 310, 311, 314,

315

eintraub, �. D., 239

eir, �. S., 100

eiss, G. H., 365, 370, 373

eissburg, M. H., 121, 122, 124

eissburg, M. �., 121, 124

eller, �. A., 280, 281

estlake, D. F., 42

etzler, �., 175

heeler, . N., 46, 47

hipple, C. G., 289

hipple, �. T. P., 20, 29

hite, B. S., 311, 314, 315

hite, G. C., 258, 261

hite, �. E., 106

hitehead, D., 86

hitehead, D. �., 80

Author Inde� 457

idder, D. �., 25

iebe, P. H., 269, 279

iens, �. A., 265

ierenga, P. �., 105

ildish, D. �., 59, 60

ilhelm, H. E., 311

ilhelm, S. ., 294

ilkerson, F. P., 51

ilkes, T. �., 114

ilkinson, D. B., 55

ilkinson, D. H., 186, 188, 189, 190, 191

illiams, G., 213

illiams, G. C., 222

illis, B. L., 14, 86, 87

illson, M. F., 71

ilson, D. E., 186, 190

ilson, E. �., 107, 109, 112, 113, 318

ilson, �. �., 96, 97, 99, 100, 101

ilson, �. E., 279, 280

inant, C. D., 39, 40

inet, H., 288, 289

inter, D. F., 54

irick, C. D., 52

isdom, M. �., 258

issel, C., 219

ithers, P. C., 101

oiwod, I. P., 268

olf, �. ., 53

olf, ., 86

olfe, G. �., 121

olfenbarger, D. �., 31, 173, 174, 175, 250

ol¤, . F., 260, 262

olfram, S., 9

ollast, �., 79

ood, A. M., 66, 291

oods, �. D., 53

orcester, S. E., 43

orton, B. �., 261

outers, P., 258

right, �. H., 114

right, S., 3, 174, 176, 177, 178

roblewski, �. ., 314

u, �., 269

u, �. S., 105

ynne-Edwards, �. C., 226

yrtki, �., 48, 49, 52

�ahel, G., 60

�amaguti, M., 8, 336, 349, 355, 362

�amazaki, H., 209

�ano, �., i�, viii

�asuda, N., 185

�en, �., 121, 123, 124, 209

�entsch, C. S., 53, 54

�eo, P., 80, 82

�okoyama, N., 27

�orke, �. A., 8

�oshikawa, A., 336

�oshimura, H., 53

�oshioka, N., 65

�oshizawa, S., 313

�osida, T., 3, 171, 173, 174

�oung, T. P., 261

�u, Q., 79

�avistoski, �. A., 45

�edler, �. B., 51

�eeman, E. C., 314

�eil, �., 205

�eldis, �. �., 287

�hang, �., 79

�ia, L., 180

�iel, �., 204

�ieman, �. C., 42

�iemann, D., 47

�immerman, �. ., 264

�oller, . H., 79

�wanzig, �., 148

458 Author Inde�

Sub ect Inde�

Abiotic pollination, 79

Absorbing boundary, 301

Acknowledgments, 433

Active di¤usion, 31

Activity range, 238

Advection�di¤usion models, 48

for biodi¤usion, 158�160

Advection�di¤usion-reaction equations, 299�

304

Advection�di¤usion-reaction models, 106

Advective �u�, 62

e¤ect of, on predator�prey systems, 334�

336

Aerodynamic method, 38

Age-dependent dispersal, mathematical

models for, 364�373

Aggregates, 54�59

Aggregation

degree of, 320

inde� of, 320n

Algal �ocs, 56

Allee e¤ect, 313, 356

Allometric relations between home range and

body size, 261�262

Amalgamation in animal grouping, 219�222

Amoebic movement, 216, 217

Anemophily, 79�84

Animal-borne plants, dispersal of, 194�195

Animal burrows, �uid e�change in, 92�104

Animal di¤usion, e�amples of, 170�196

Animal dispersal, 3

and settling in new home ranges, 248�250

Animal ecology, di¤usion models in, 195�196

Animal grouping

amalgamation in, 219�222

biological conte�t of mathematical models

of, 227�228

de�ned, 197

dynamics of, 197�237

in social grouping populations, 234�237

ecological or evolutional signi�cance of,

222�227

mathematical models for, in home ranges,

240�242

physical distinction between di¤usion and,

197�200

predator vigilance and, 226

simulation model for, 215�219

splitting in, 219�222

Animal movement

data on, 258�261

in home ranges, computer simulation of,

242�248

Newton�s laws of motion for, 128�131

Animals, homing and migration of, di¤usion

models for, 186�191

Antipatchiness agent, 269

Aquatic organisms, chemical communication

in, 119�126

models of, 122�124

Aquatic plant canopies, 39�47

Arrayal force, 216

Asocial populations, 314

critical patch size of, 312�313

Atmosphere, insects in, horizontal and

vertical distributions of, 172�185

Atmospheric boundary layers, di¤usion in,

26�27

Attractant distribution, 163

Attraction-repulsion-distance functions, 211

Attractive transition, 155

Average homing speed, 188

Bacteria, chemical communication in, 120

Be nard cells, 288

Benthic-pelagic coupling, 59�62

���

Bernoulli�s distribution, 12

Biased dispersal, 334, 335

Biased movement near boundaries, 265

Binomial distribution, 12

Bioconvection, 288�291

physical model for, 289

Biodi¤usion, 16

advection�di¤usion models for, 158�160

Biodi¤usion equations applied to ta�is, 151�

156

Biogeography, island, 318�319

Biological conte�t of mathematical models of

animal grouping, 227�228

Biological di¤usion, 2�3

mathematical treatment of, 127�169

Biological dispersion, 2

Biological invasions

environmental degradation due to, 193

model for, 191�194

Biological scales for chemical communication,

120

Biological term, 300

Bioturbation, 104

Birth-dominant population, 337

Black Death, 330�331

Body size, allometric relations between home

range and, 261�262

Bonilla�Linan system, 328

Boundaries, biased movement near, 265

Boundary conditions in di¤usion-reaction

equations, 302

Boundary e¤ects, 265�266

Bowen ratio method, 38

Brinkman layer, 61

Broadcast spawners, 85�88

Brownian motion, 144

Burrows, animal, �uid e�change in, 92�104

Canopy drag, 42�43

Carrying capacity, 306

Catchability-led stock collapse, 227

Cell concentrations, 290

Cell density function, 307

Cellular automaton model, 219

Central density, 311

Centrally biased step, 240�242

Centroid, group, 198

Chemical communication, 107�126

in aquatic organisms, 119�126

models of, 122�124

in bacteria, 120

biological scales for, 120

in copepods, 121

in decapods, 121�122

physical scales for, 119�120

in protozoans, 120�121

Chemotactic coe�cient, 152

Chlorophyll production, 53�54

Chlorophyll-variance spectrum, 276�279

Clumped distribution, 268, 269

Coe�istence of competing species, 343

Communication, chemical, see Chemical

communication

Community matri�, 349

Competing populations, e¤ect of dispersal on,

343�347

Competing species, coe�istence of, 343

Computer simulation

for animal grouping, 215�219

of animal movement in home ranges, 242�

248

individual-based, 229

for rodent dispersal, 250

of ta�is, 157�158

Concentration gradient, 181

Confusion e¤ect, 219

Conspeci�c cueing strategy, 250�251

Continuous emission

from moving sources, 111�112

in still air, 110�111

in wind, 112�115

Convection cells, plankton distributions in,

280�288

Convective motion, 282

Copepods, chemical communication in, 121

Core area, 238

Correlated random walks, 137�140

Correlation coe�cient, 206

Corridors, movement and, 263�264

Critical patch size of asocial populations,

312�313

Critical scales, minimum, for population

survival, 316

Critical size, 270�272

Critical size problem, 310�317, 321

Critical wavenumber, 351, 355, 360

Cross-di¤usion, 300

e¤ect of, 333�334

Cueing strategy, conspeci�c, 250�251

Danger, domain of, 223

Darcy�s equation, 44

Datum-level displacement, 32, 33

Death-dominant population, 337

Decapods, chemical communication in, 121�

122

Density-dependent di¤usion coe�cient,

237

460 Sub ect Inde�

Density-dependent dispersal, 340�341

e¤ect of, on population dynamics, 336�343

Density-dependent population �u�, 337

Density distribution of individuals, 229

Density-independent dispersal, 339�340

Deterministic methods, 6�8

Diaspore dispersal, 72

Diatom mats, 291

Diel variation, 57�58

Di¤erence equations, 8

Di¤usion, 2

active, 31

animal, e�amples of, 170�196

in atmospheric boundary layers, 26�27

basics of, 10�30

biological, see Biological di¤usion

coe�cient of, 12

concept of, 10

de�nition of, 10�11

entropy of patchiness and, 294�297

Fickian, 231

Fick�s equation of, 14�15

in force �eld, 18�19

of insect pheromones, 107�115

mathematical ecology and, 1�9

mechanical, 45

of nutrients in sea, 47�62

oceanographic and limnological, 27�30

passive, see Passive di¤usion

patchy distribution and, 268�297

physical, 20�26

physical distinction between animal

grouping and, 197�200

population balance with, 317�320

random walk and, 11�14

role of, in plankton patchiness, 269�274

similarity hypothesis of, 21�22

of smell and taste, 107�126

smoothing e¤ect of, 325

spore, 3, 62�84

theory of, 20�26

turbulent, 15�18

equations of, 23�25

within and above plant canopies, 32�47

Di¤usion coe�cient, 195

density-dependent, 237

Di¤usion equation

generalized, formulation of swarming by,

200�202

limiting, 13

three-dimensional, 108

Di¤usion models

in animal ecology, 195�196

for home ranges, 264�267

for homing and migration of animals, 186�

191

Di¤usion plume, 119

Di¤usion problem of migration of green

turtles, 115�119

Di¤usion-reaction equations, boundary

conditions in, 302

Di¤usion-reaction models, 299

Di¤usion-reaction systems

nonlinear stability analysis for, 357�364

pattern-developing instability in, 348�357

Di¤usion velocity, 28

Di¤usion width, 20�21

Di¤usive �u�, 62, 300

Di¤usive instability, 348�357

Di¤usivity, 12, 21, 152

due to turbulence, 24

Dilution e¤ect, 224

Dimensional analysis, 270�271

Dirac delta function, 146

Direct immigration and emigration, 317

Disease propagation, 294

Disorder, measure of, 295�296

Disordered states, 295

Dispersal

age-dependent, mathematical models for,

364�373

animal, see Animal dispersal

of animal-borne plants, 194�195

biased, 334, 335

density-dependent, see Density-dependent

dispersal

density-independent, 339�340

e¤ect of, on competing populations, 343�

347

of �sh eggs, 88�91

of gametes and organisms, 84�91

larval, 89

population pressure and, 170�172

random, 361

single-species population dynamics with,

304�320

two-species population dynamics with,

321�336

Dispersal distance, mean, 194

Dispersal spore, 62

Dispersion

animal, 3

biological, 2

of phytoplankton, 276

Domain of danger, 223

Doughnut pattern, 217

Drag, �eynolds number and, 129�130

Drag coe�cient, 129

Sub ect Inde� 461

Drifting coe�cient, 90�91

Dust plumes, 79

Dynamical system, 234

Ecological signi�cance of animal grouping,

222�227

Ecology

animal, di¤usion models in, 195�196

di¤usive instability in, 348�357

mathematical, di¤usion and, 1�9

movement, 259

�cology and �i�usion, vii�i�

Ecosystem�s�

model, Lotka-�olterra, 1�2

passive di¤usion in, 31�106

Eddies, turbulence and, 274�275

Eddy correlation, 38

Eddy di¤usivity, 24

Edge phenomena, 230

Educational models, 5

Elephant herds, 220�221

Emigration, direct, 317

Energy-potential theory, 230�231

Enrichment, parado� of, 369

Environmental degradation due to biological

invasions, 193

Environments

heterogeneous, see Heterogeneous

environments

hostile, 339

Ephydrophily, 82

Error function, 110, 187

Eulerian viewpoint, 4

Evolutional signi�cance of animal grouping,

222�227

E�pert-system models, 262�263

Fertilization, e�ternal, 85�88

Fertilization success, 86

Fickian di¤usion, 231

Fick�s equation of di¤usion, 14�15

Fick�s law, 4, 16

Filamentary plume, 119

Fish eggs, dispersal of, 88�91

Fish schooling, 209�215

Flies, 204�208

Flocs, 54�59

Florida panther case study, 259�261

Fluid e�change in animal burrows, 92�104

Fokker�Planck equations, 143�151

Food density, home-range size and, 264

Foraging, hierarchical, 266�267

Force �eld, di¤usion in, 18�19

Forces, random, 19

Forward �olmogorov equation, 147

Fractal aggregate models, 66

Fragmentation, habitat, 263

Frequency distribution

oint, 233

types of, 176

Functional response, 354

predator-prey systems with, 354

Fungal spores, 76

Gametes, dispersal of, 84�91

Gamma distribution, 243�244

Gaussian distribution, 12

Gaussian plume, 67

tilted, 71, 72

Gaussian plume model, 72

Gravity, 128

Green turtles, di¤usion problem of migration

of, 115�119

Group centroid, 198

Group characteristics, 228

Group dynamics, integral equations for, 231�

232

Group-size distribution, 221

Group-size distribution models, spatially

e�plicit, 235�237

Grouping, animal, see Animal grouping

Grouping populations, social, dynamics of

animal grouping in, 234�237

Growth function, 313

Gyrota�is, 289�291

Habitat fragmentation, 263

Habitual segregation, 160

Herds, see Animal grouping

Heterogeneous environments

e¤ects of, 334

movement in, 266

Hierarchical foraging, 266�267

Home-range estimation, 261

Home-range size, food density and, 264

Home ranges

allometric relations between body size and,

261�262

animal movements in, 238�267

de�ned, 238

di¤usion models for, 264�267

mathematical models for animal grouping

in, 240�242

model, 239

new, animal dispersal and settling in, 248�

250

simulation of animal movement in, 242�248

size of, 239�240

462 Sub ect Inde�

Homing of animals

average speed of, 188

di¤usion models for, 186�191

randomness in, 190�191

Honami, 35

Horizontal distributions of insects in

atmosphere, 172�185

Hostile environments, 339

Hydrophily, 79�84

Hyphhydrophily, 82

Immigration, direct, 317

Individual-based models of movement, 262�

264

Individual-based simulations, 229

Individuals, 227�228

density distribution of, 229

Inertial subrange, 275

Initial-value problems, 302�303

Insect dispersal, 173�181

mathematical models for, 181�185

Insect pheromones, di¤usion of, 107�115

Insect swarming, 202�208

Insects, 3

in atmosphere, horizontal and vertical

distributions of, 172�185

dispersal of, see Insect dispersal

following pheromone plume, 114�115

Instability, di¤usive, 348�357

Instantaneous �u�, 23�24

Integral equations for group dynamics, 231�

232

Interactions, nonlocal, 231

Internal state-mediated ta�is, 161�169

Invasions, biological, see Biological invasions

Island biogeography, 318�319

Ivlev constant, 314

�erk number, 41

�oint frequency distribution, 233

�oseph�Sendner model, 117, 273

�ump process, one-dimensional velocity, 161

K-distribution, 185

�abashira, 182

�elp forests, 39�42

�inematic viscosity, 292

�ISS model, 272�274

�ISS scale, 315�316

�ISS size, 272, 311, 312

�linokinesis, 132, 151, 153

�olmogorov eddies, 121

�olmogorov equation, forward, 147

�olmogorov scale, 274

�ramer�s equation, 149n

�urtosis, 176

Lagrangian viewpoint, 4

Lake aggregates, 55

Laminar �ow, 15

Landmark swarming, 205

Langevin equation, 148

Langmuir circulation, 280�282

Larval dispersal, 89

Lefkovitch matri� model, 219

Leptokurtic distributions, 176

Limnological di¤usion, 27�30

Local stability problem, 321

Locust swarms, 202�203

Logistic growth of populations, 306

Lotka��olterra model ecosystem, 1�2

Lotka��olterra predator-prey model, 322�

326

Macrophyte canopies, 44�47

Malthusian populations, 304

Marine aggregates, 55

Marine snow, 54�59

Marine zooplankton swarming, 208�209

Markov process, 145

Mass transport stress, 46

Mathematical ecology and di¤usion, 1�9

Mathematical models

for age-dependent dispersal, 364�373

for animal grouping

biological conte�t of, 227�228

in home ranges, 240�242

for insect dispersal, 181�185

value of, 4�6

Mathematical treatment of biological

di¤usion, 127�169

Mats, diatom, 291

Mean dispersal distance, 194

Measure of disorder, 295�296

Mechanical di¤usion, 45

Method of images, 108

Michaelis�Menten kinetics, 51

Microscale patchiness, 291�294

Midges, 204�208

Migration

of animals, di¤usion models for, 186�191

of green turtles, di¤usion problem of, 115�

119

Minimum critical scales for population

survival, 316

Model ecosystem, Lotka-�olterra, 1�2

Monami, 43

Mortality rate, 372

Sub ect Inde� 463

Mosquito swarm, 198�200

Mosquitos, 204�208

Motility, 152

Motion of populations, 4

Movement

animal, see Animal movements

biased, near boundaries, 265

corridors and, 263�264

in heterogeneous environments, 266

individual-based models of, 262�264

rectilinear, 217

strategies of, for resource utilization, 250�

258

Movement ecology, 259

Moving sources, continuous emission from,

111�112

Multiscale processes, 266�267

Muskrat dispersal, model for, 191�194

Neighborhood, 231

Newton�s laws of motion for animal motion,

128�131

Newton�s second law of motion, 131

Niche diversi�cation in planktonic crustacea,

286

Nitrate concentration, 49�50

Nonconservative term, 300

Nonlinear stability analysis for di¤usion-

reaction systems, 357�364

Nonlocal interactions, 231

Nonrandom forces, 139�140

Normal distribution, 12

Nutrient-phytoplankton system, 354�355

Nutrient supply by upwelling, 50�51

Nutrients, 47

regeneration of, 48

in sea, di¤usion of, 47�62

�cean skaters, 89�90

�ceanographic di¤usion, 27�30

�ne-dimensional velocity ump process, 161

�rdered states, 295

�rganisms, dispersal of, 84�91

�riented behaviors, 138

�rthokinesis, 132, 153

��ygen �u�, 52

Panspermia hypothesis, 76

Parado� of enrichment, 369

Particle shape, settling velocity and, 63�65

Particulate organic matter �P�M�, 54

Passive di¤usion, 31

in ecosystems, 31�106

Passive ventilation, 102

Patch size, critical, of asocial populations,

312�313

Patches, zooplankton, 286�288

Patchiness

development of, 348�357

entropy of, di¤usion and, 294�297

microscale, 291�294

plankton, role of di¤usion in, 269�274

spectra of turbulence and, 274�280

Patchy distribution, di¤usion and, 268�297

Patlak�s model, 140�143

Pattern-developing instability in di¤usion-

reaction systems, 348�357

Peclet number, 51

Pelagic-benthic coupling, 59�62

Pheromone plume, 112�113

insects following, 114�115

Pheromone trail, 111

Pheromones, 107

insect, di¤usion of, 107�115

Photosynthetic rate, 37

Physical di¤usion, 20�26

Physical scales for chemical communication,

119�120

Phytoplankton, 52, see also Plankton entries

dispersion of, 276

Phytoplankton abundance, 279

Phytoplankton bloom, 270

Phytoplankton�herbivore system, 353�354

Phytoplankton odor, 123

Plague wave propagation, 330

Plane mi�ing layer, 36

Plankton, 3, see also Phytoplankton entries

Plankton aggregation, 209

Plankton distributions in convection cells,

280�288

Plankton patchiness, role of di¤usion in, 269�

274

Planktonic crustacea, niche diversi�cation in,

286

Plant canopies, 32

aquatic, 39�47

di¤usion within and above, 32�47

terrestrial, 32�38

turbulence in, 34�35

Plant quality, 326

Platt�s spectrum, 277�278

Platykurtic distributions, 176, 179

Poisson distribution, 268

Poisson points, 232�234

Pollen capture, 81

Pollination, wind and water, 79�84

Population balance with di¤usion, 317�320

Population build-up, 342

464 Sub ect Inde�

Population distribution, 156

Population dynamics

e¤ect of density-dependent dispersal on,

336�343

single-species, with dispersal, 304�320

in temporal and spatial domains, 298�373

two-species, with dispersal, 321�336

Population ecology, realistic models in, 373

Population �u�, 2, 251

density-dependent, 337

Population increase, rate of, 6

Population models, 298

simple, 304�310

Population pressure, dispersal and, 170�172

Population reservoir, 301

Population survival, minimum critical scales

for, 316

Population wave front, 305

Populations

asocial, see Asocial populations

competing, e¤ect of dispersal on, 343�347

logistic growth of, 306

motion of, 4

Position ump process, 137

Practical models, 5

Prairie-dog burrows, 93�100

Predator-avoidance behaviors, 214

Predator detection, 224

Predator�prey cycle, 323

Predator�prey model

generalized, 355�356

Lotka��olterra, 322�326

Predator-prey systems

e¤ect of advective �ow on, 334�336

with functional response, 354

Predator vigilance, animal grouping and, 226

Predators, 255

turning gambit involving, 255�258

Proper velocity, 215

Protozoans, chemical communication in, 120�

121

Pycnocline, 47

Quantum mechanics, 4

�abies epidemics, 331

�adiation boundary conditions, 301�302

�adio telemetry, 247�248

�andom dispersal, 361

�andom distribution, 268, 269

�andom forces, 19

�andom variables, 10�11

�andom walk�s�

correlated, 137�140

di¤usion and, 11�14

�andom walk model, e�tension of, 133�151

�andom walk theories, 2

�andomness in homing, 190�191

�ayleigh number, 288

�eaction-di¤usion equations, 299

nonlinear, 310

�eaction term, 300

�eaeration, 52

�ealistic models in population ecology,

373

�eceptor kinetics-based ta�is, 162�169

�ectilinear movement, 217

�ecursion equation, 13

�ed tides, 315

�eferences, 374�432

�e�ecting boundary, 301

�egion of retention, 283�284

�emineralization, 48

�epulsive transition, 155

�esidence inde�, 143

�esistive force, 129

�esource utilization, strategies of movement

for, 250�258

�esuspension, mechanism of, 291

�etention, region of, 283�284

�eynolds number, drag and, 129�130

�iverine aggregates, 55�56

�odent dispersal, computer simulation for,

250

�oughness parameter, 33

Sampling unit, square, 246

Schooling, �sh, 209�215

Schooling behavior, 226�227

Schro�dinger�s wave equation, 340

Sea-surface slicks, 55

Sea�oor spreading, 118�119

Seagrasses, 41�43

Sediment traps, 124

estimating statistical funnel of, 124�126

Sediments, solute transport in, 105�106

Seed dispersal diagram, 75

Seed rain, 71�72

Self-di¤usion, 300

Sel�sh herd, 222�223

Seston concentration, 60

Settling velocity, 63�66

particle shape and, 63�65

Shear-di¤usion model, 29�30

Sherwood number, 292

Similarity hypothesis of di¤usion, 21�22

Simulations, computer, see Computer

simulations

Sub ect Inde� 465

Single-species population dynamics with

dispersal, 304�320

Sinking-rate method, 65

Size structure, 373

Slick formation, 55

Smells, 107

di¤usion of, 107�126

Smoothing e¤ect of di¤usion, 325

Social grouping populations, dynamics of

animal grouping in, 234�237

Soils, solute transport in, 105�106

Solid interface, transport across, 91�106

Solute transport in soils and sediments, 105�

106

Spatial domains, population dynamics in,

298�373

Spatial pattern analysis, 269

Spatially e�plicit group-size distribution

models, 235�237

Spawners, broadcast, 85�88

Spawning, 86

Species diversity, 296

Spectral analysis, 278�280

Splitting in animal grouping, 219�222

Spore di¤usion, 3, 62�84

Spore dispersal, e�periments on, 73�76

Spore dispersion model, 67�72

Spore vertical distributions, 76�79

Spores, 62

Spring blooms, 315

Square sampling unit, 246

Stability problem, local, 321

Statistical funnel, 125

estimating, of sediment traps, 124�126

Statonovich calculus, 150�151

Steady state, 182

Steele�s model, 357�359

Still air, continuous emission in, 110�111

Stirring time, 292

Stochastic-convection equation, 303

Stochastic methods, 6�8

Stokes� law, 63

Stommel�s model, 282�284

Survival, population, minimum critical scales

for, 316

Survival coe�cient, 91

Swarm boundary, 201

Swarm marker, 205

Swarming

formulation of, by generalized di¤usion

equation, 200�202

insect, 202�208

landmark, 205

locust, 202�203

marine zooplankton, 208�209

mosquito, 198�200

video techniques for, 204

Taste, di¤usion of, 107�126

Ta�is, 131�132

biodi¤usion equations applied to, 151�156

computer simulation of, 157�158

internal state-mediated, 161�169

receptor kinetics-based, 162�169

Ta�is equation, 161

Taylor�s ��frozen pattern�� hypothesis, 276�

277

Telegraph equation, 134�135, 180

Telemetry, radio, 247�248

Telemetry data, 242

Temporal domains, population dynamics in,

298�373

Terrestrial plant canopies, 32�38

Thermoneutral zone, 100

Three-dimensional di¤usion equation, 108

Thrust, coe�cient of, 215

Topota�is, 132

Transfer-function models, 106

Transition probabilities, 154�155

Transparent e�opolymer particles �TEM�, 54

Travelling frontal waves, 304�310

Travelling wave solutions, 309

Travelling waves, 326�332

Turbulence, 16�17

di¤usivity due to, 24

eddies and, 274�275

in plant canopies, 34�35

spectra of, patchiness and, 274�280

Turbulent di¤usion, 15�18

equations of, 23�25

Turbulent di¤usivity, 24

Turbulent �ow, 15

Turbulent transport, 24

Turing e¤ect, 348

Turning gambit involving predators, 255�258

Two-species population dynamics with

dispersal, 321�336

niform distribution, 268, 269

noriented behaviors, 138

pwelling, 51

nutrient supply by, 50�51

tilization distribution, 238

�elocity autocorrelation coe�cient, 206, 207

�elocity e¤ect, 47

�elocity ump process, 137

one-dimensional, 161

466 Sub ect Inde�

�entilation, passive, 102

�ertical density current, 65

�ertical distributions

of insects in atmosphere, 172�185

spore, 76�79

�ideo techniques for swarming, 204

�irioplankton, 294

�iscosity, kinematic, 292

�iscous sucking, 95�100

�on Foerster�s equation, 365

aiting-time density, 137

ater column shear, 58

ater pollination, 79�84

ave equation, 135

ave front, population, 305

ave term, 180

avenumber, 333

critical, 351, 355, 360

ind, continuous emission in, 112�115

ind pollination, 79�84

ind pro�les, 34

�ero plane displacement, 32, 33

�ooplankton, 54

�ooplankton patches, 286�288

�ooplankton swarming, marine, 208�209

Sub ect Inde� 467

Interdisciplinary Applied Mathematics

1. Gutzwiller: Chaos in Classical and Quantum Mechanics2. Wiggins: Chaotic Transport in Dynamical Systems3. Joseph/Renardy: Fundamentals of Two-Fluid Dynamics:

Part I: Mathematical Theory and Applications4. Joseph/Renardy: Fundamentals of Two-Fluid Dynamics:

Part II: Lubricated Transport, Drops and Miscible Liquids5. Seydel: Practical Bifurcation and Stability Analysis:

From Equilibrium to Chaos6. Hornung: Homogenization and Porous Media7. Simo/Hughes: Computational Inelasticity8. Keener/Sneyd: Mathematical Physiology9. Han/Reddy: Plasticity: Mathematical Theory and Numerical Analysis

10. Sastry: Nonlinear Systems: Analysis, Stability, and Control11. McCarthy: Geometric Design of Linkages12. Winfree: The Geometry of Biological Time13. Bleistein/Cohen/Stockwell: Mathematics of Multidimensional

Seismic Inversion14. Okubo/Levin: Di¤usion and Ecological Problems: Modern

Perspectives, Second Edition