effect of chromium carcinogen

8/2/2019 Effect of Chromium Carcinogen

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/effect-of-chromium-carcinogen 1/17

ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY

TITTLE : CHROMIUM

CARCINOGENICS IN WATER

GROUP MEMBERS :

FAIZAH BINTI ISMAIL (UK23274)

NUR FARHANA BINTI ZULKIFLI (UK23533)

NURUL NATRA BINTI AHMAD TARMIDI (UK23535)

NURAZIMAH BINTI MANSOR (UK23672)

WAN NUR SYAKIRAH BINTI WAN YUSOFF (UK23723



CHROMIUM IN THE ENVIRONMENT• Mined as chromite (FeCr2O4) ore.

CARCINOGEN• Agent that can cause any cancer.

HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM,Cr(Vl)• Chemical compunds that contain the chromium in +6oxidation states.• Form through natural processes and human activities.• The main human activities that increase chromium(VI) concentrationsare chemical,leather and textile manufacturing and electro painting• It is used for the stainless steel, textiles dyes, wood preservation, anti-corrosion and conversion coatings.• Can cause cancer.



CHROMIUM



The Mojave Desert

town of Hinkley,

with population

1900.

The case was highligted

in 2009 by California

and U.S Environmental

protection agency.

Scientist report that the

highest levels of

hexavalent chromium

reported in U.S. ground

water

A controversial of

water treatment.

highest levels of

hexavalent

chromium reported

in U.S. ground water.

The ground water has

concentrations as high as580 parts per billion which

is more than California

drinking water standard.



compound seeped into

water there from a

Pacific Gas and Electric

facility (PG&E).

The company used it to

inhibit rust in cooling

towers and discharged it

into holding ponds in the

1950s and 1960s.

People used the

water as source of

drinking.

The water cause

people have lung

cancer within 20

years later.

It contracted malignant

tumors in smallintestines with different

doses of hexavalent

chromium.

Scientist tested the

water to the animal

like rat. It was

proved.

The water can cause

cancer and other

disease.



Hexavalent chromiumChromium Carcinogenic found inmajority of tap water in California



Unsafe hexavalent chromium levels were found ingroundwater



Infiltrated the cells of manyorgan including liver &

pancreatic lymph

Mouth cancer

Contract lung cancer

stomach has a very high

reducing capacity

Contract malignant tumors in

small intestine & mouth (rats &

mice)



Cause of infiltrated cells in body


http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/effect-of-chromium-carcinogen 12/17Contract lung cancer



• support a drinking water standard is a

different matter” because extrapolating it tohumans remains controversial.

• set a water guideline called A Public HealthGoal.

• Convert chromium 6 turn it into Chromium3, an essential nutrient that can neutralizedthe stomach by gastric acids.

•

investing in a reverse osmosis filtrationsystem for the home.



• establish a legal limit for the chemical in tab

water.•more stringent standards limiting theamount of hexavalent chromium allowable in

water supplies.•California and U.S. Environmental ProtectionAgency officials are re-evaluating whatconcentration is safe in water supplies. Withina few weeks, California is expected toannounce a proposal to set a new healthguideline.



THANKYOU

effect of chromium carcinogen

Documents