effect of seeding rate on paired- 15-inch and single-38-inch row cotton yield daniel o. stephenson,...

Effect of Seeding Rate on Paired-15-Inch and Single-38-Inch Row

Cotton Yield

Daniel O. Stephenson, IV, Shawn W. Lancaster, and Alan B. Beach

Northeast Research and Extension Center

15-Inch Cotton:What are you talking about?

15-Inch Cotton:What does it look like?

Solid 15-inch Rows – Flat Planted

15” apart

15” apart

15” apart

15” apart

15-Inch Cotton:What does it look like?

Paired 15-inch Rows – Planted on Raised Beds

36,38, or 40” center

15” apart

21, 23, or 25” middle

21, 23, or 25” middle

15” apart

36,38, or 40” center

2006 ResearchPlanting Pattern x Seeding Rate

• Paired-15-inch and Single-38-inch rows• 25,000, 40,000, 45,000, 55,000, and 65,000 seeds/acre

Paired 15-Inch vs. Single 38-inch cotton

Northeast Research and Extension Center – Keiser, AR

University Research Farm at the Judd Hill Plantation – Trumann, AR


• Judd Hill– Dundee Silt Loam– 38” raised bed spacing– Stoneville 4554 B2RF– Planted May 31st

– Harvested: October 12th

• Keiser– Sharkey Clay– 38” raised bed spacing– Stoneville 4554 B2RF– Planted: May 30th

– Did not harvest!!!!!!


Hipper-Bedder Hipper-Roller


Category 3 Hook-ups


• Both sites furrow-irrigated

Paired 15-Inch vs. Single 38-inch cottonKeiser Judd Hill

DOP May 30 May 31

Fertility 215 lbs/A 0-13-41 – Oct 24, 2005

65 lb N/A (urea) – June 16 54 lb N/A (urea) – May 15

50 lb N/A (urea) – Aug. 1 36 lb N/A (urea) – July 10

Herbicide Cotoran @ 1 qt/A – May 30 Prowl @ 1.5 pt/A + Cotoran 1.5 pt/A – April 24

RWM @ 23 oz/A – June 9 RWM @ 16 oz/A + Staple @ 1 oz/A – June 16

RWM @ 23 oz/A – June 26

Insecticide Trimax @ 1.5 oz/A – July 21 Bidrin 8 @ 3 oz/A – June 15

Orthene @ 0.6 lb/A – Aug. 1

Growth Mgnt. Pix @ 12 oz/A – July 20

Pix @ 16 oz/A – Aug. 3

DefoliationFirstPick @ 16 oz/A + Aim @ 0.33 oz/A + COC @ 0.25 % v/v – Sept. 22

Finish @ 1 qt/A + Ginstar @ 4 oz/A – Sept. 24

Dropp @ 6.4 oz/A + Folex @ 1 pt/A + FirstPick @ 12 oz/A – Oct. 2


P la n t H e ig h ts - K e is e r - J u ly

1 4

1 5

1 6

1 7

1 8

1 9

2 0

Inch

es

P aired 15 -in ch S in g le 38 -in ch

P la n t H e ig h ts - J u d d H ill - Au g u s t

4 0

4 2

4 4

4 6

4 8

5 0

Inch

es

P aired 15 -in ch S in g le 38 -in ch

A

B

A

B

Growth of a cotton plant

Monopodial Nodes (Vegetative)

Sympodial Nodes (Fruiting)

Monopodial(Vegetative)

Branch

Sympodial(Fruiting)Branch

Sympodial Branch

Main-Stem Leaf

Sympodial Leaves

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

10

12

14

15

Adapted from: D.M. Oosterhuis - Growth and Development of a Cotton Plant – Univ. of AR CES MP 332


• Plant Mapping – COTMAP– Plant Structure

• FN = 1st fruiting node

• M = # of monopodial (vegetative) branches

• S = # of sympodial (fruiting) branches

• ES = Highest sympodial branch with boll in 1st position

• H2 = # of sympodial branches with 2 nodes

• TN = # of total nodes

• PHT = Plant height

• IL = Internode length


• Plant Mapping – COTMAP– Yield Variables

• TB = # of total bolls

• B1 = % of TB in 1st position

• B2 = % of TB in 2nd position

• OB = % of TB in outer positions

• MB = % of TB as monopodial branch bolls

• XB = % of TB as axillary bolls

• BR1 = retention of 1st position bolls

• BR2 = Retention of 2nd position bolls

• EBR = Sum of 1st & 2nd position bolls on lowest 5 sympodial branches

Judd Hill Plantation

Dundee Silt Loam

Plant Structure Variables – Judd Hill

3 6

3 7

3 8

3 9

4 0

4 1

4 2

4 3

4 4

4 5

4 6

P a ire d-1 5 " S ingle -3 8 "

Inch

es

2

2 .1

2 .2

2 .3

2 .4

2 .5

2 .6

2 .7

2 .8

2 .9

3

Inch

esP la nt He ight In te rno de L e ngth

A

B

a

b

Plant Structure Variables – Judd Hill

Single-38” Paired-15”

Paired-15” vs. Single-38”• No differences in:

– # of monopodial branches– # of sympodial branches– # of sympodial with 2 nodes– # of sympodial with boll in 1st

position– # of total nodes

Seeding Rate• No differences in any variable

Yield Variables – Judd HillS e e d in g R a te E ffe c t

0

1 0

2 0

3 0

4 0

5 0

6 0

7 0

B 1 B R 2

Per

cent

2 5 K 4 0 K 4 5 K 5 5 K 6 5 K

B1 = % total bolls in 1st position

BR2 = Retention of 2nd position bolls

a

bc

ab

cc

aab

b

abb

Seed Cotton Yield – Judd Hill

1 8 0 0

2 0 0 0

2 2 0 0

2 4 0 0

2 6 0 0

2 8 0 0

P a ire d -1 5 " S ing le -3 8 "

LB

/AC

RE

2 5 K 4 0 K 4 5 K 5 5 K 6 5 K

NO DIFFERENCE IN YIELD!

Northeast Res. & Ext. Cntr. – Keiser

Sharkey Clay

Plant Structure Variables – Keiser

0

5

1 0

1 5

2 0

2 5

S TN

Num

ber

P aire d -1 5 " S ing le -3 8 "

S = # of sympodial branches

TN = # of total nodes

• Internode length– single-38” > paired-15”

ab

ab

Plant Structure Variables - KeiserS e e d in g R a te E ffe c t

0

5

1 0

1 5

2 0

2 5

S TN

Num

ber

2 5 K 4 0 K 4 5 K 5 5 K 6 5 K

a ab b b

abc

abbc c

S = # of sympodial branches

TN = # of total nodes

# o f M o n o p o d ia l B ra n c h e s

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

P a ire d -1 5 " S ing le -3 8 "

Num

ber

2 5 K 4 0 K 4 5 K 5 5 K 6 5 K

Plant Structure Variables – Keiser

a

d

c

b

c

No Difference

Yield Variables – Keiser

0

1 0

2 0

3 0

4 0

5 0

6 0

7 0

B 1 B R 1

Per

cent

P aire d -1 5 " S ing le -3 8 "

B1 = % total bolls in 1st position

BR1 = Retention of 1st position bolls

a

b

a

b


T o ta l B o lls / P la n t

6

6 .5

7

7 .5

8

8 .5

9

9 .5

1 0

Num

ber

P aire d -1 5 " S ing le -3 8 "

a

b

T o ta l B o lls / P la n t

4

6

8

1 0

1 2

1 4

1 6

Num

ber

2 5 K 4 0 K 4 5 K 5 5 K 6 5 K

a

b b

cc


25,000 17,500

40,000 28,000

45,000 31,500

55,000 38,500

65,000 45,500

Seed/Acre Plants/Acre

Based on 70% survival that was observed

T o ta l B o lls / A c re

2 4 0

2 6 0

2 8 0

3 0 0

Bo

lls/A

cre

(x

10

00

)

P aire d -1 5 " S ing le -3 8 "

a

b


2 4 0 0

2 6 0 0

2 8 0 0

3 0 0 0

LB

/Ac

re

P aire d -1 5 " S ing le -3 8 "

Based on 100 bolls = 1 lb seed cotton

Seed Cotton Yield

Summary

• Judd Hill – Silt loam soil type

– Plant height & internode length

• Paired-15” < Single-38”

– No difference in yield

– Growth management! 28 oz/A Pix applied!

Summary

• Keiser – Clay soil type

– Paired-15” > Single-38” cotton

• # of sympodial branches

• # of total nodes

– NOT plant height

– Single-38” > Paired-15” cotton

• % total bolls in 1st position

• Retention of bolls in 1st position

Summary

• Keiser – Clay soil type

– Paired-15” > Single-38” cotton

• Total bolls/plant

• Total bolls/acre (based upon 70% survival)

• Seed cotton yield (based on 100 bolls = 1 lb seed

cotton)

– No seeding rate effect

Conclusions

• Research on best seeding rate for paired-

15” and solid-15” is still on-going

• 15” cotton may provide a benefit to

producers who farm “less than

exceptional” cotton land

Planned Future Research

Planting pattern x seeding rate

– Planting pattern

• Paired-15” (on 38”-raised beds)

• Paired-7.5” (on 38”-raised beds)

• Single-38” (on 38”-raised beds)

– Seeding rate

• 20,000

• 35,000

• 45,000

• 55,000

• 65,000

• 75,000

• 90,000

Planting pattern x seeding configuration

– Planting pattern

• Paired-15” (on 38”-raised beds)

• Paired-7.5” (on 38”-raised beds)

• Single-38” (on 38”-raised beds)

– Seeding configuration

• Drill-type seed plate

– Various seeding rates

• Hill-drop-type seed plate

– 2-hole @ various seeding rates

– 3-hole @ various seeding rates

Questions?

effect of seeding rate on paired- 15-inch and single-38-inch row cotton yield daniel o. stephenson,...

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