Effective and long-lasting treatment with ReVive

Targeting Fusarium disease in Canary Island Date Palms

Signs of Infection

What is Fusarium Oxysporum?•A fungus known as a “cosmopolitan” pathogen, found rather abundantly in many agricultural species•Symptoms: vascular wilt, yellows, corm root, root rot, and damping-off

–Most significant symptom: vascular wilt which is the cause of most disease symptoms in the canary island date palm

Fusarium oxysporum in culture

Disease pathogenesisActive in between infected states in soil as saprophyte (organism feeding off dead plant material)

Begins infection by invading plant’s root tips and advances through root cortex intercellularly

Penetrates plant vasculature (xylem) through xylem pits–After penetrating xylem the organism branches and produces microconidia (spores), these spores are carried throughout the plant by the sap stream–As spores germinate new organisms invade adjacent xylem vessels by penetrating xylem pits laterally

Fusarium’s Mode of ActionFungus growth in vascular tissue (affecting plants’ water supply)

Stomatal closure

Leaves wilt which leads to plant death

The spread of Fusarium occurs because infectious spores are produced on top of the dead tissue

Evidence of Fusarium in plant vasculature

Dark splotches are vascular bundles infectedwith fusarium

Fusarium in root vasculature with green fluorescent probe attached

Cross-section of Canary Island Date Palm

Cross-section of infected grape plant, dark areas on right hemisphere are infected vascular bundles

Analysis of ReVive•Field analysis performed by Western Farm Service (WFS)•Soil analysis performed by Simplot Soilbuilders & Western Laboratories•In vitro analysis performed by independent plant pathologist

Field Analysis

Test Field: Two Acres of Aromas Strawberries (unfumigated) Gilbert Yerena, Elkhorn Road, Watsonfield, CA Analyst: Jose Garcia, Western Farm Service Principal Investigator: Jack May, PhD, Agronomist

Observations: 45 days after treatment of 1gpa Gladiator (now known as Revive) a dramatic difference favoring the treated area was noted.

Soil AnalysisQuickTime™ and a

TIFF (LZW) decompressorare needed to see this picture.

Funded by: Simplot soilbuilders Performed by: Harry Kreeft, Nematologist/Plant Pathologist

Western Laboratories, Inc.

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UntreatedMethyl BromideIn-LineGladiator (ReVive)

Product Evaluation

Untreated Very High

Methyl Bromide Very Low

In-Line Medium

Gladiator (ReVive) Medium

Propagules Fusarium per Gram detected

Conclusion: ReVive outperformed competitors as a methyl bromide (ozone depletor) alternative in strawberries

Invitro Analysis

“ I finished the Fusarium Trial and am pleased to be able to report that Gladiator (2 tsp/gallon) suppressed Fusarium wilt on Cyclamen…”

“I can tell you that Gladiator has worked on Pythium (three trials), Fusarium (two trials), cylindrocladium and Ervinia (one trial each).”

-- Dr. Ann Chase, Plant Pathologist

How to keep your Canary Island Date Palm Healthy

•Understand where are possibilities of infectionUnderstand where are possibilities of infection

•How to prevent infectionsHow to prevent infections

•What strategic (long term) management can What strategic (long term) management can maintain optimum growth conditionsmaintain optimum growth conditions

Sources of Infection

• Soil with bad drainage can have a high level of pathogens

• Infected tools for pruning (I.e. saw, gloves, ladder, or clothing)

• Use of the same saw for pruning both the fruits and fronds

• Multiple stressors occurring simultaneously

Preventing Infection

• Treat infected soil quarterly

• New saw per palm; avoid contact with soil

• Sterilize saw with bleach and torch

• Replace gloves

• Sterilize ladder after contact with every palm

Environmental Stressors and how to manage them strategically

• Drought - water controlDeep watering less frequent in the fall to promote root growth

• Salts - proper fertilizer application• Mechanical Damage - pruning time, tools etc.• Pathogens Consult plant pathologists• Extreme temperatures

Deep watering during high temperature extremes• Pests Consult Pest Control Advisors

What is Abscisic Acid (ABA)?• ABA is a regulatory molecule in plants and an important

signal in triggering plant response to environmental stresses. 

• Most effects of ABA seem to be related to water availability, acting as a signal of reduced water availability. ABA conserves water by reducing water loss, slowing growth and mediating adaptive responses.  Inducers

of ABA

Drought stress

Salt stress

Temp. stress

Visual presence of excessive ABA in palms:•Frond discoloration and decline, excessive fruit, and stunted growth

•In diseased fronds ABA levels 50-300% higher compared to healthy fronds

•Above average fruit set but evident lack of new fronds

•Consistent observation in xylem sap and frond tissues

How ReVive via ABA signaling can restore palm health

RESTORATION of normal ABA levels ReVive contains a purer form of NPK. When NPK is

applied in a timely manner, ABA equilibrium is restored.

Application of ReVive directly to xylem and phloem (using a special proprietary applicatior) ABA equilibrium is restored.

Results and TestimonialsRestoration of palm frond growth by ReVive in extreme diseased state.

18 months treatment

Marked improvement after treatment with ReVive

12 months treatment

“Abartis Chemical Co. has been treating these trees and it now appears that the two trees have been cured of the disease.” -- Richard Fowler, owner of residence above

Treatment of palms for less than a year’s time shows prominent reversal of vascular wilt and frond death associated with fusarium oxysporum

“Mr. Alyeshmerni helped save some of our Canary Island Date Palms from fusarium disease…. Since he has begun treating our palms…they are disease free and growing beautifully.” --Arnold Belinsky, homeowner

Cursory Overview of ReVive Treatment

• Stage 1: Effective and thorough diagnosis of diseased palm including assessment of extent of diseased state

• Stage 2: Application of ReVive product directly into palm vasculature with specialized applicator along with pruning and removal of dead fronds from palm

• Stage 3: Regular reapplication of product over the course of a year, along with regular pruning and soil pH monitoring

Last words

SIGNIFICANT improvement occurs with palms if treatment is begun promptly before

the disease progresses.

Please call for a FREE consulation

Alfred Alyeshmerni Abartis Chemical Company 1800-CHEMGROW

1-800-243-6476