egnos flight event eng - european gnss agency · pdf file! 3!!...

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1 GSA: EGNOS Flight Event, 67 May, Toulouse Text: Pavel Valenta, Foto: Pavel Valenta , GSA I have persuaded myself several times, that Toulouse is the capital city of aviation in Europe. Right here innovator of French aviation Clément Agnés Ader in 1870 applied the word „Avion“ into the French language and also here today take place final construction of the biggest airliners of the world A 380. Between these two milestones right here there have been many events, which pushed the aviation a step forward. One of them was also a first LPV approach, which was done with aeroplane Falcon 900LX in 2011 at Aéroport Pau Pyrénées with use of EGNOS system. Not only for airlines, but also in some flight schools, not only at major international airports, but also at small regional or local airports GNSS is now being declined in all grammatical cases. I dare to state that at this point we are beginning to write a new chapter in the history of navigation, which helps enormously to small and large pilots. Getting closer of small and minor cities and their citizens in Europe become gradually a reality due to new possibilities of GNSS approach. We had a possibility to learn how everything works or is going to work at the meeting of European GNSS Agency (GSA), which took place as EGNOS Flight Event on 7th of May 2015, where else than in Toulouse. EGNOS (European Geostationary Navigation Overlay System) is a system of ground stations arranged in Europe and north Africa, transmission stations in Belgium, Luxemburg, France, Italy and Holland,

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Page 1: EGNOS Flight Event ENG - European GNSS Agency · PDF file! 3!! InstallingofILSisveryexpensiveandforregionalairports,whichwouldliketoexpand,thistypeof! approach!isalmost!unavailable,!not!only!investment.!Donot!forget!that

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GSA:  EGNOS  Flight  Event,  6-­‐7  May,  Toulouse    Text:  Pavel  Valenta,  Foto:  Pavel  Valenta  ,  GSA  

I  have  persuaded  myself  several  times,  that  Toulouse  is  the  capital  city  of  aviation  in  Europe.  Right  here  innovator  of  French  aviation  Clément  Agnés  Ader  in  1870  applied  the  word  „Avion“  into  the  French  language  and  also  here  today  take  place  final  construction  of  the  biggest  airliners  of  the  world  A  380.    Between  these  two  milestones  right  here  there  have  been  many  events,  which  pushed  the  aviation  a  step  forward.  One  of  them  was  also  a  first  LPV  approach,  which  was  done  with  aeroplane  Falcon  900LX  in  2011  at  Aéroport  Pau  Pyrénées  with  use  of  EGNOS  system.    

Not  only  for  airlines,  but  also  in  some  flight  schools,  not  only  at  major  international  airports,  but  also  at  small  regional  or  local  airports  GNSS  is  now  being  declined  in  all  grammatical  cases.  I  dare  to  state  that  at  this  point  we  are  beginning  to  write  a  new  chapter  in  the  history  of  navigation,  which  helps  enormously  to  small  and  large  pilots.  Getting  closer  of  small  and  minor  cities  and  their  citizens  in  Europe  become  gradually  a  reality  due  to  new  possibilities  of  GNSS  approach.  We  had  a  possibility  to  learn  how  everything  works  or  is  going  to  work  at  the  meeting  of  European  GNSS  Agency  (GSA),  which  took  place  as  EGNOS  Flight  Event  on  7th  of  May  2015,  where  else  than  in  Toulouse.  

 

EGNOS  (European  Geostationary  Navigation  Overlay  System)  is  a  system  of  ground  stations  arranged  in  Europe  and  north  Africa,  transmission  stations  in  Belgium,  Luxemburg,  France,  Italy  and  Holland,  

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three  geostationary  satellites  and  two  directive  centres  in  Madrid  and  Rome.  Into  the  system  also  belongs  service  centre  in  Madrid  and  development  and  engineering  centre  in  Toulouse.  This  system  provides  improvement  of  GPS  signal-­‐Galileo,  so  it  will  be  usable  not  only  for  route  navigation,  but  mainly  for  precision  LPV  approach  (Localiser  Performance  with  Vertical  guidance).  

   

It  is  an  analogy  of  American  system  WAAS  (Wide  Area  Augmentation  System)  and  generally  might  be  categorized  between  SBAS  (Satellite-­‐Based  Augmentation  Systems).  Japan  has  a  similar  system  (MSAS-­‐  Multi-­‐functional  Satellite  Augmentation  System)  and  India  (GAGAN-­‐GPS  and  GEO  Augmented  Navigation).  

 

 

In  Europe  ENGOS  is  already  certified  4  years  and  has  recorded  significant  success.  GNSS  approach  is  published  at  more  than  140  airports  in  Europe  and  at  many  of  them  has  wholly  replaced  missing  ILS  (Instrument  Landing  System).  LPV  minimums  in  Europe  are  now  comparable  with  ILS.    In  the  USA  we  can  find  airports,  where  the  ILS  minimums  are  same  as  LPV-­‐  DH  200  ft.        

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Installing  of  ILS  is  very  expensive  and  for  regional  airports,  which  would  like  to  expand,  this  type  of  approach  is  almost  unavailable,  not  only  investment.  Do  not  forget  that  maintenance  costs  of  ILS  are  about  tens  of  thousands  Euros  per  year.  Of  course  this  amount  of  money  must  be  paid.  But  it  is  different  with  GNSS  approach.  There  is  not  need  any  ground  infrastructure.  For  EGNOS  will  not  pay  anything,  European  taxpayers  have  already  paid  and  still  pays  him.  Everything  is  available  and  works.  Only  remains  to  construct  approach  maps.  Anyway,  apart  from  ILS  it  does  not  have  to  be  direct  approach.    In  Europe  we  will  probably  wait  some  time  for  approach  from  any  direction  to  airport  centre  and  performing  of  last  descending  phase  in  turn  above  airport.    But  we  can  convince  us,  that  it  is  possible,  in  American  continent.  This  approach  can  take  any  local  specifications,  not  only  terrain,  but  for  example  reduce  noise  load  of  citizens,  who  have  their  homes  in  the  axis  of  runway.    

 

But  it  is  not  so  easy.  How  to  provide  distances  between  aeroplanes  in  class  G?  Instrument  approach  at  non-­‐controlled  airport  and  even  vacant  airport?  Illuminated  instrument  runway?  Approach  not  at  the  runway  threshold  but  to  the  centre  of  runway?  Such  questions  must  necessarily  be  said.  There  are  well  advised  to  look  to  the  American  continent.  Vacant  airport  somewhere  in  Rocky  Mountains  with  instrument  approach,  leaded  by  moderate  turn  in  wide  valley.  The  only  obligation  is  to  have  a  radio  on  board  and  use  it.  Is  it  possible  also  in  Europe?  Only  in  USA  there  are  published  more  than  3.500  LPV  approaches.  Can  we  learn  there  something?  

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If  we  look  at  map  of  already  published  GNSS  approaches,  we  can  see,  that  leading  position  in  GNSS  area  approaches  has  France  and  Germany.  Czech  Republic  lags  behind  a  bit,  in  addition  GNSS  approach  is  published  at  airports  where  is  the  possibility  of  ILS  approach.  Thanks  to  ATC  CZ  we  are  not  going  as  badly  as  Spain,  Sweden  or  Great  Britain.  What  would  our  pilots  certainly  welcome,  is  GNSS  approach  to  such  airports  as  Benesov,  Roudnice,  Ceske  Budejovice,  etc.  We  do  not  have  to  whisper  about  the  fact,  that  pilots  have  this  maps  already  prepared,  but  we  hope,  that  they  will  use  them  only  in  VMC,  to  test  them.    

At  EGNOS  Flight  Event  in  Toulouse  was  said  that  no  EU  citizen  should  not  live  more  than  one  hour  drive  from  the  airport,  to  which  may  reliably  get  with  use  of  regional  airlines  and  EGNOS  system.  This  idea  is  supported  also  by  a  producer  of  regional  aeroplanes  ATR,  essential  in  Europe.  For  this  reason  we  had  an  opportunity  to  fly  a  demonstration  LPV  approach  with  ATR  42-­‐600,  equipped  by  avionics  Thales.  Two  displays  in  front  of  each  pilot  were  similar  to  Garmin  500  system,  which  I  knew  really  well  from  school  aeroplane  of  University  in  Žilina.  There  is  not  also  a  big  difference  in  fact,  that  the  IPad  with  approach  map  is  installed  to  holder  on  the  window.  Also  in  IPad  on  Jeppesen  approach  maps  we  can  see  our  position,  but  it  is  not  what  we  would  like  to  show.  The  map  of  RNAV(GNSS)  approach  to  RWY14R  to  LFBO(Blagnac)  consists  of  two  sheets-­‐initial  and  final  approach.  IAF  is  called  ADIMO,  so  after  take-­‐off  it  is  direct  to  ADIMO  and  then  standard  procedure  of  GNSS  approach  to  RWY  14R  (RWY  Elev  488  ft).  Minimums  for  ILS  to  14R  are  688  ft,  whereas  for  our  LPV  it  is  740  ft.  The  difference  of  62  ft.  does  not  mean  a  lot  in  sunny  day  with  sky  without  any  clouds.  The  only  difference  is  that  we  do  not  tune  the  frequency  ILS,  but  we  only  choose  the  name  of  procedure,  which  we  would  like  to  fly.  When  we  check  EGNOS  channel-­‐  in  this  case  Ch  67314  E14A.  Otherwise  it  looks  quite  similar  as  if  we  fly  ILS  approach.  Maybe  someone  will  argue  that  also  exists  a  CATII  ILS  and  minimums  in  this  case  are  588  ft.  Yes,  EGNOS  does  not  claim  to  replace  CATII/III,  so  far  in  any  case.  But  such  an  approach  will  probably  remain  a  privilege  of  large  and  important  airports.        

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The  last  demonstration  is  on  Airbus  A  350.  There  is  no  any  need  for  improvisations.  Six  large  displays,  in  addition  with  possibility  of  separation  of  screen  to  half,  it  means  even  twelve  displays  give  us  enough  space  for  displaying  PFD,  all  aeroplane  systems  and  still  we  have  enough  space  for  displaying  of  Jeppesen  approach  maps  on  individual  screen.  We  set  on  FMS  chosen  approach  and  check  EGNOS,  we  check  display  of  channel  settings  with  the  data  on  the  map.  On  second  screen  we  check,  that  our  setting  is  NAV/SBAS  and  we  can  see  reply  of  accuracy  of  the  system  at  the  same  time.  After  obtaining  approval  to  land  starts  PF  to  AP  mode  LS  (Landing  system)  and  on  PFD  we  can  see  approach,  again  similar  to  ILS  approach.  Only  in  right  bottom  corner  of  PFD  we  can  see  a  violet  remark  SLS  (Satellite  Landing  System).  On  the  screen  with  map  it  is  possible  to  check  minimums  setting.    

 

However,  from  large  transport  back  to  Business  and  General  Aviation.  The  European  commission,  or  GSA,  sees  the  biggest  benefit  of  EGNOS  just  in  use  of  regional  airports.  It  is  not  now  known  when  we  will  see  LPV  approach  in  the  Czech  Republic,  for  example  at  Benesov  aerodrome.  Europe  is  largely  integrated  under  EASA,  but  still  has  29  national  aviation  authorities,  which  attitude  to  this  issue  is  and  will  be  different.  Authorities  institutional  memory  is  a  known  problem  in  the  Czech  Republic,  unfortunately,  a  significant  phenomenon.  Benefit,  which  USA  has  under  single  FAA,  and  therefore  united  view  on  this  issue,  what  Europe  currently  does  not  have.  Would  not  be  one  authority  in  Europe  enough?