egroomer journal for professional pet groomers july/september 2013

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eGroomer Journal July / September 2013 1 PetGroomer.com Publications July / September 2013 Volume 3 Issue 3 $4.95

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Styling the Bedlington Terrier with Sue Zecco, NCMG

www.superstylingsessions.com

Silicones: A Quest for Truth - Part 2

by Grooming Business in a Box by Barbara Bird, CMG

My Favorite Small Shop $etup No Ear Plucking!

by Grooming Business in a Box by Barbara Bird, CMG

Training Your Clients Contracts for Independent Contractors

by Kathy Sanders, NCMG by Grooming Business in a Box

Super Dog Too Groomer Trivia 2013 Reference Charts

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California O.C. Academy of Pet Styling 145 West Whiting Ave. Fullerton, CA 92833 714 883-3440 Email: [email protected] Web: Click here

Florida Golden Paws Pet Styling Academy 19030 West Dixie Hwy Miami, FL 33180 305-290-4245 Email: [email protected] Web: tba

Illinois Golden Paws Pet Styling Academy 6460 N. Milwaukee Ave. Chicago, IL 60631 773-775-1040 Email: [email protected] Web: Click here

Indiana Golden Paws Pet Styling Academy 443 E. Lincoln Rd. Kokomo, IN 46902 765-455-3093 Cell-765-461-4442 Email: [email protected] Web: Click here

Massachusetts The Dapper Dawg School of Professional Dog Grooming 62R Montvale Ave. Stoneham, MA 02180 781-438-2900 Email: [email protected] Web: Click here

New York Golden Paws Pet Styling Academy 627 Plank Road Clifton Park, NY 12065 518-371-5118 Email: [email protected] Web: Click here

Pennsylvania Just Four Paws Academy of Pet Styling 8960 South Creek Rd. Girard, PA 16417 814-774-7297 Email: [email protected] Web: Click here Golden Paws Pet Styling Academy 2101 Greentree Rd. Scott Towne Center, Suite B-109 Pittsburgh, PA 15220 412-279-9383 Email: [email protected] Web: Click here

Texas Golden Paws School of Dog Styling 6727 Weslayan Houston, TX 77005 714-336-9005 Email: [email protected] Web: Click here

Wisconsin Golden Paws Pet Styling Academy 2128 Hall Ave. Marinette, WI 54143 715-732-6176 Email: [email protected] Web: Click here

GOLDEN PAWS PET STYLING ACADEMY LOCATIONS
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JULY

July 23 to 25

SuperZoo Las Vegas, NV www.superzoo.org July 29

One Day Cat Clinic Workshop NCGIA Greenville, SC www.nationalcatgroomers.com

AUGUST

August 14 to 19

All American Grooming Show Wheeling, IL www.barkleigh.com

SEPTEMBER

September 16

Super Styling Sessions Kansas City Sue Zecco & Jay Scruggs Overland Park, KS www.groomerschoice.com 888-364-6242 September 19 to 22

Groom Expo Hershey, PA www.barkleigh.com September 20 to 22

Backer Pet Industry Trade Show Chicago, IL www.hhbacker.com

INDUSTRY CALENDAR 2013

PLAN TO MEET & GREET OTHER GROOMERS

Meet and greet other groomers going to these and other events. Refer to the Grooming Events Forum on the GroomerTALK Message Board. http://tinyurl.com/7gnd6du today. See who is going in the GroomerTALK community and arrange meet-ups. Get your event listed here. Contact [email protected].

OCTOBER

October 7

Super Styling Sessions Detroit Sue Zecco & Jay Scruggs Novi, MI www.groomerschoice.com 888-364-6242 October 21

Super Styling Sessions Los Angeles Sue Zecco & Jay Scruggs Hollywood, CA www.groomerschoice.com 888-364-6242 October 27

WAPPS WI Pet Stylists International Madison, WI www.wisconsinpetstylists.org

NOVEMBER

November 1 to 3

Dallas, TX www.petstylist.com November 4

Super Styling Sessions Atlanta Sue Zecco & Jay Scruggs Atlanta, GA www.groomerschoice.com 888-364-6242
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Styling theStyling theStyling the Bedlington TerrierBedlington TerrierBedlington Terrier

By Sue Zecco, NCMG

The Bedlington Terrier is one of the most difficult breeds to learn to groom. They are very different from all other breed grooms.

With the rise over their loin, rat-tail, tassel ears, hare foot and long narrow tube-shaped head, not to mention a very fine soft

take practice to get it right.

To start the clipper work I use a WAHL Bravura clipper on the #40 blade setting. Clip

outside of the ear. Hold the ear leather flat against your fingers. Start about 1 inch above the tip of the ear and clip an inverted

Follow the same lines doing the same to the inside of the ear. Clip to the top of the ear where it meets the head.
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Next clip the sides of the cheeks from the top corner of the ear to the corner of the eye, and from the corner of the eye to the corner of the mouth.

The entire under-jaw of a Bedlington is clipped clean. Start about 1 inch

from the center of the neck up to the lower corner of each ear, much like

I used the 40 blade setting on a WAHL Bravura clipper.

For pet trims you can optionally use a 15 blade setting against the grain in these areas. This option also works well with sensitive skin dogs.

Sue Zecco, NCMG

Sue Zecco (pictured here with Jay Scruggs) is a Certified Master Groomer with the NDGAA and the IPGI. With over 35 years grooming experience, Sue has achieved quite a bit in her career. She is a multiple grooming contest winner with many Best in Show and Best All Around Groomer awards. Her

Groomer of the Year with B.I.S. judge the late Serafino Ripamonte, and the

member since 1996, and was the first team member to earn over 100 points

Awards, which include American Groomer, Judge and Congeniality. After retiring from the competition ring, Sue teamed with Jay Scruggs to do one

Pampered Pet Grooming Shop in Paxton, MA.

Website: www.superstylingsessions.com
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Clip the tail with the 40 blade against the grain. Start at the tip of the tail. Clip up towards the body to one-of the tail. Clip sides and underside clean.

tip of the nose to the tip of the tail. The underline on the body should mirror the top line of the body. Leave the roach at the highest point of the top line and the highest point of the under line is in the tuck up area. The lowest point of the top line should be just slightly behind the withers. The deepest point of the under line mirrors that.

into tightly trimmed feet, not cat feet. Viewed from the rear you should see parallel lines, inside and outside of the rear legs. The tail is scissor-styled at approximately 30 degree angle into the croup. Head towards the high point of the roach above the loin. Then slope gently toward the withers and up into the neck. Remember, soft transitions and no sharp lines.



The Bedlington head is an important breed trademark. A long lean head is most desirable. Now look head-on straight at the head. You should see the shape of a paper towel roll. It should appear tight on the sides with a slight arch from the nose to the tip of the occiput, your high point.

Sides of the neck should be tight and about a skip tooth 7 in length. Style parallel lines from the ears, straight down the sides of the front legs. Make sure the front legs balance with rear legs in size.

Front legs should have a slight forechest, no bib and be fairly straight from the throat to the toes. Scissor edges of the ears making them look clean and smooth.

-

soft coats with course guard hairs throughout. They come in blue (like the dog pictured here) and liver. They are built like Whippets for speed. Your style should indicate slab sides which are flatter through the rib cage, and not a rounded spring of rib.

The little girl in these photos is my Bonnie Bell, First Class Echoing

Willow Wind, when she was just about a year old.



For the cover of this issue

of eGroomer Journal we

background with solid

black to visually accentuate

the lines. Beautiful!



Contrary to what you may have been taught,

requested, or commanded in the past, the

current advice from veterinary

dermatologists is that plucking ear hair can

do more harm than good. Rather than

prevent ear infections, this procedure can

actually create a greater likelihood of

infection by damaging the tender inner ear

tissue and allowing a foothold for bacteria

to thrive.

In her presentation to Tucson groomers,

DACVD plainly stated that groomers

should stop plucking ear hair from inside

-

stated Dr. Newton. She encouraged

groomers to continue the practice of ear

cleaning, however, using products

formulated for ear care, and massaging the

base of the ear to allow the product to

loosen wax and debris from deep in the ear

canal.

Another clear statement from Dr. Newton

water may introduce microbes that lead to

ear infections, but clean water is not a

problem.

The possibility of cross-contamination

from an infected ear to the other ear or

another animal is the one area where

groomers might be at fault. It is very

possible for pseudomonas bacteria to

transfer from the ear to various surfaces and

then be picked up by other animals or even

humans. The most obvious sign of a

pseudomonas infection is what vets call a

discharge. If the groomer suspects an ear

infection, Dr. Newton suggested the

following protocol:

1. Clean the GOOD ear first.

2. If the ear with the suspected infection

is cleaned, be gentle and use a non-stinging

ear cleaner. The groomer may also choose (Continued on page 18)

No Ear Plucking! By Barbara Bird, CMG



to not clean an ear with a suspected

infection, especially if it looks serious.

3. Disinfect everything that the dog has

contact with or might spray with shaking of

the ears. This includes, your hands, the tub,

the faucets, any tools, the table, the kennel

and bedding, and the tip or spout of the ear

cleaner bottle.

In addition to ear discharge, other signs of

ear abnormality are redness, itchiness, odor,

swollen tissue of outer ear, hair loss on

earflap, and scabs or scaliness. Ear

problems are often quite complex and

difficult to nail down and treat. A referral

to the veterinary dermatologist can result in

a quicker and more accurate diagnosis and

more effective treatment, thus lessening the

time the pet has to suffer with

uncomfortable, often painful conditions.

By encouraging pet parents to seek

treatment for suspected ear problems, the

professional groomer is serving the needs

of the pet.

Veterinary dermatologists such as Dr.

Newton, undergo several years additional

training and examinations beyond that

required of general practitioners. Dr.

Newton is part of Dermatology for

(Continued from page 17) Animals, a network of veterinary

dermatologists serving the Southwest

United States. In addition to working full-

time in the Tucson practice, she currently

serves on the American College of

Veterinary Dermatology (ACVD) Exam

Committee (the certifying board) and is a

lecturer for the North American Veterinary

Dermatology Forum (NAVDF) Resident

Education Forum.

Additional References:

Pseudomonas Article http://www.allergyearskincare.com/animal-care/

component/content/article/81.html

Barbara Bird,CMG, aka BBird, has been

grooming at Transformation Pet Center in

Tucson, AZ since 1977. At age 73, she is

still grooming three days-a-week, while

writing for industry journals and speaking at

trade shows. She has received two coveted

Cardinal Crystal Achievement Awards for

Journalist of the Year in 2006 & 2007 and

two Barkleigh Honors Awards for Best Blog of 2010 & 2011.

The award winning blog may be found at

www.groomblog.blogspot.com. In addition to outstanding work

at the grooming table and charismatic presentations as a

speaker, Barbara is especially devoted to sharing research

and technical information in writing for fellow pet groomers

worldwide.

Web Site: www.bbird.biz

Blogs:

http://groomblog.blogspot.com

Bbird Talk at GroomWise

http://groomwise.typepad.com/bbird/
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Shop with a Groomer

Greatly reduce time at the tub.

Save your hands!

Reduce water use by 1/3 to 1/2.

Reduce product use.

No more pre-dilution. Dilutes in tub.

Gets dogs cleaner than most hand washing.

Eliminates risk of shampoo irritation.

Evenly condition entire coat. No more missed spots or

over-conditioned areas.

Nozzle allows adjustment of flow from super powerful to

very gentle.

Surfactants in shampoos hold the dirt in suspension and

prevent it being redeposited in coat.

Plugs into your outlet, special wiring not necessary.

Lowest price anywhere. $475. $15 shipping. Ships from

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UNDERSTANDING PET SHAMPOOS & CONDITIONERS

By Barbara Bird, CMG

The Book That Shook the Grooming Industry Empowering Groomers to Know

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Good thru 9/15/2013. Sorry, USA shipping only. Available in AU from ProgroomAU.
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Silicones: A Quest for Truth

Part 2 - Safety of Cosmetic Silicones

By Barbara Bird, CMG

In Part One of the quest for truth regarding

silicone ingredients, several types of

silicones were identified and discussed the

properties of various cosmetic silicones and

some of the myths surrounding this class

of ingredients.(1) It became obvious that the

number of silicone ingredients is huge.

Cosmetic silicones outnumber many other

categories of ingredients. In the EU

Cosmetics Directive Ingredient Inventory,

will bring up 414 ingredients.(2) That is quite

a family, much more than groomers usually

expect. And the 414 are only ingredients

many more.

Myths abound in the fertile fields of the

Internet. In Part One, we addressed myths

about the properties and functioning of

cosmetic silicones. For example, a common

the skin to breathe, while the truth is that a

primary feature of these ingredients is that

they form a permeable layer that seals in

moisture but allows the skin to breathe.(1)

In Part Two, we will cover the safety

assessment of the various types of cosmetic

silicones that might be utilized in pet

grooming products. The official US, EU

and Canada databases will be reviewed.

(Continued on page 21)



There are little to no regulations regarding

the safety of ingredients used in pet

products. In the US, the FDA has broad

regulatory authority over human cosmetics,

but nothing set up to regulate animal

grooming products.(3) The same holds true

for Canada and the EU(4)(5). Fortunately,

most of the ingredients, and all of the

silicone ingredients used in grooming

products have been evaluated for safety in

human cosmetics.

CANADA

person shall sell a cosmetic product that has

in it any substance that may injure the

health of the user when the cosmetic is

(6)

Guidelines for meeting this requirement are

laid out in the Cosmetic Ingredient Hotlist

List of Prohibited and Restricted

Cosmetic Ingredients.(7) If an ingredient is

not found on the Hotlist, it is regarded as

safe. The list is updated often through the

Healthy Environments and Consumer

Safety Branch (HECSB) of Health Canada.

Compliance is monitored and enforced by

Regional Product Safety Inspectors.

EUROPEAN UNION - The European

Union requires that cosmetic products

(Continued from page 20) placed on the EU market be safe; that is,

health when applied under normal or

As in the U.S., manufacturers are

responsible for ensuring that cosmetic

products comply with the law before they

are marketed. The manufacturer or

importer of cosmetics is responsible for

demonstrating that the product is safe for

its intended use.(8) The EU Cosmetics

Directive includes annexes that are lists of

substances that must not be used (Annex

II), and those that have restrictions or

specifications of use (Annex III). The EU

also has lists of approved ingredients for all

colorants, preservatives, and ultraviolet

filters that are allowed in cosmetics under

specific conditions.(9) To be included on an

approved list, an ingredient first must be

evaluated scientifically for its level of risk.

The Scientific Committee for Consumer

Products (SCCS) conducts safety

assessments by a review of all pertinent

research on an ingredient and issues an

opinion. The SCCS is the scientific advisory

body to the European Commission and no

substance can be regulated without its

opinion.




A good example of the SCCS safety review

and opinion on ingredients is the opinion

on Cyclomethicone (D4 & D5).(10)

UNITED STATES - The US Food & Drug

Administration (FDA) has broad authority

under the Federal Food Drug and

Cosmetics Act (FD&C Act and the Fair

Packaging and Labeling Act. The sale of an

prohibited. Unlike the EU, which has the

most rigorous regulations, US cosmetic

companies are not required to register their

cosmetic establishments, file data on

ingredients, or report cosmetic-related

injuries to FDA. However, companies are

encouraged to register their establishments

and file Cosmetic Product Ingredient

Statements with FDA's Voluntary Cosmetic

Registration Program (VCRP). Cosmetic

products and ingredients are not subject to

FDA premarket approval authority, with the

exception of color additives. However,

FDA may pursue enforcement action

against violative products, or against firms

or individuals who violate the law.(11)

Safety Assessment is done by an board of

experts, the Cosmetics Ingredient Review

Expert Panel (CIR). The CIR is funded

through the cosmetics industry, specifically

(Continued from page 21) the Personal Care Products Council but

operates independent of the FDA and the

PCPC. The CIR operates from a strict set

of procedures that are very transparent,

with mostly open meeting and publication

of the minutes of Board meetings. The CIR

reviews all published research on an

ingredient (or set of similar ingredients),

and allows industry experts and

knowledgeable stakeholders to present

additional data and information to fill in any

data gaps.(12)

The Panel may make one of four basic

decisions regarding an ingredient:

Safe ingredients

Ingredients safe in the practices of use

(product categories) and concentrations of

use for each product category as

documented in the safety assessment.(13)

Unsafe ingredients

These are ingredients with specific adverse

effects that make them unsuitable for use in

cosmetics.

Safe ingredients, with qualifications

The Panel may reach the conclusion that an

ingredient can be used safely, but only under

certain conditions. Qualifications frequently




relate to maximum concentration, but may

also address rinse-off versus leave-on uses

and other restrictions.(14)

Ingredients with insufficient data

conclusion, it does not state whether the

ingredient is safe or unsafe. The Panel is,

however, describing a situation in which the

available data do not support safety. The

specific data that would allow the Panel to

complete its assessment always are

identified.

(Continued from page 22) Using the databases available for Canada,

European Union and United States, the

status of silicone ingredients is summarized

in Table One (below).

Are Silicones Harmful to the

Environment?

Many websites make a big to-do about

silicones not being biodegradable. The

definition of biodegradable is the capability

of being decomposed by bacteria or other

living organisms. It is true that silicone

fluids are not biodegradable. However, the


Type of Silicone U.S. Canada E.U. Environmental Concerns

Dimethicone Safe as used None on Hotlist No restrictions None

Dimethiconol Safe as used None on Hotlist No restrictions None

Dimethicone Copolyols

(PET/PPG) Safe as used None on Hotlist

1 ingredient restriction to

2.5% leave-on. None

Phenyl Dimethicone Safe as used None on Hotlist No restrictions None

Amine-Functionalized

(Amodimethicones) Safe as used None on Hotlist No restrictions None

Cyclomethicones (D4 & D5) Safe as used None on Hotlist

No restrictions, in E.U. D4 is named as Cat. 3 reprotoxic, but not as used in cosmetics*

One kind, D4 (cyclotetrasiloxane), May bioaccumulate and pose risk. Both Canada & EU suggest further study. This refers to industrial waste as an intermediary in the manufacture of other substances, not cosmetics.

Quaternized Silicones Not reviewed None on Hotlist No restrictions None

Protein Copolymers Not reviewed None on Hotlist No restrictions None

* Category 3 Reprotoxic substances (toxic to reproduction) may be used in cosmetics when the usage level is considered safe by the SCCS.(15)



linear siloxanes, PDMS, do degrade in the

environment into silicates, carbon dioxide,

and water. In water treatment, they settle

into the sludge, where they are harmless to

soil, water, or living organisms.(16)(17) The

relationship of dimethicone and other

PDMS linear siloxanes to the environment

has been thoroughly studied and they are

not considered hazardous or potentially

hazardous to the environment. They do not

bioaccumulate, i.e., they do not build up in

the bodies of living organisms, because

their molecular size is too large to pass

through cell membranes. Furthermore, tests

on organisms that dwell in aquatic, soil or

sediment have shown no adverse effects at

concentrations well above those found in

the environment.(18)

The environmental fate of the cyclic

siloxanes (Cyclomethicone D4 & D5) is not

so unambiguous. Great confusion ensued

2008 when Health Canada identified the

cyclomethicones D4

(octamethylcyclomethicone) and D5

(Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane) as possibly

warranting environmental measures (having

potential for human and environmental

harm). This concern was the result of the

discovery of some detectable levels of D5

(Continued from page 23) discovered in biota tissues at an arctic

environmental monitoring site. Based on a

statistical model, it was concluded that D4

& D5 cyclomethicones might

bioaccumulate in the Canadian environment

in significant amounts. In 2009, Canada

added D4 & D5 List of Toxic Substances.

The silicone industry jumped to the defense

and conducted further study and review of

existing data. The statistical model that had

predicted a potential problem was

discredited and flaws in the Antarctica

sampling were identified. The Canadian

Environmental Minister appointed an

independent expert panel to review the

environmental data pertaining to D5. In

2012, the findings of the panel were

endorsed by the Canadian Environmental

Minister and D5 was cleared. D4 was not

granted a review, and industrial use of D4 is

monitored and restricted. Cosmetic uses of

D4, however, have been given a "safe as

currently used" pass.(19) (CES Cyclosiloxanes

- Env. Data)(sehsc) Unfortunately, few of

the cosmetic policemen websites have been

updated with the current status of

cyclomethicone.

It could be said that, when it comes to the

Internet, any bad news regarding silicones is

persistent and accumulative, and is rarely (Continued on page 25)



upgraded to reflect the current science.

Do Silicones Cause Cancer?

Dimethicone Copolyols are a group of

silicone ingredients that have been made

water soluble through a process of

ethoxylation involving ethylene oxide. The

manufacturing process results in a toxic by-

product, 1,4 Dioxane, which has been

classified as "likely to be carcinogenic to

humans" by the EPA. The FDA notes that:

They can be identified by having "PEG,"

"Polyethylene," "Polyethylene glycol,"

"Polyoxyethylene," "-eth-," or "-oxynol-. in

their ingredient names. The amount of

Dioxane that ends up in an ethoxylated

ingredient can be minimized by a process

of vacuum stripping at the time of

manufacture. The principle of toxicology

that"the dose makes the poison" applies

cosmetic products are far lower than those

found to be harmful in feeding studies and,

for the most part, the types of products in

which it is found are only in contact with

the skin for a short time."(20)

Dimethicone Copolyols, all of which are

PEG copolymers, have been thoroughly

reviewed by the CIR Expert Panel and

(Continued from page 24) reported to be safe as currently used in

cosmetic products.(21) Because studies in the

1970's showed a connection between

Dioxane and cancer in animals fed high

levels of the substance, any mention of

PEGs conjures up a cancer fear and is

exaggerated and exploited for purposes of

negative marketing.

Cancer scares work so well that this one has

been generalized from the silicone polyol

(PEG) ingredients and applied to all

cosmetic silicones by many sensationalist

writers.

Dimethicone Copolyols are a group of

silicone ingredients that have been made

water soluble through a process of

ethoxylation involving ethylene oxide. The

manufacturing process results in a toxic by-

product, 1,4 Dioxane, which has been

classified as "likely to be carcinogenic to

humans" by the EPA. The FDA notes that:

They can be identified by having "PEG,"

"Polyethylene," "Polyethylene glycol,"

"Polyoxyethylene," "-eth-," or "-oxynol-. in

their ingredient names. The amount of

Dioxane that ends up in an ethoxylated

ingredient can be minimized by a process

of vacuum stripping at the time of

manufacture. The principle of toxicology (Continued on page 26)



that" the dose makes the poison" applies

here.

cosmetic products are far lower than those

found to be harmful in feeding studies and,

for the most part, the types of products in

which it is found are only in contact with

the skin for a short time." Dimethicone

Copolyols have been thoroughly reviewed

by the CIR Expert Panel and reported to be

safe as currently used in cosmetic products.

Because studies in the 1970's showed a

connection between Dioxane and cancer in

animals fed high levels of the substance,

any mention of PEGs conjures up a cancer

fear and is exaggerated for purposes of

negative marketing.

Do silicones cause tumors?

The only studies that showed formation of

tumors involved injection of silicone

compounds. There were no tumors

associated with oral, dermal or inhalation

routes. To state or imply that cosmetic

silicones may be linked to tumors is simply

irresponsible.

Are Silicones Endocrine Disruptors?

Another of the accusations hurled by those

(Continued from page 25) that hate silicones is that they are endocrine

disrupters and are potentially toxic to

reproduction. It is true that the European

Union SCCS reviewed a study that indicated

that the cyclic siloxane D4 (cyclomethicone)

produced an estrogenic effect. D4 was

subsequently classified as Reprotoxic

Category III. A substance in this category is

allowed to be used in cosmetics as long as it

does not exceed the No Observable

Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL). The truth

is that D4 is mostly used as an intermediary

in the manufacture of other silicone

ingredients and is usually present in a

product in only trace amounts. It is found as

a part of the cyclomethicone mixture of

D4/D5 in varying amounts. D4 is largely an

environmental concern.

We found a recent study that measured the

estrogenic effect of D4 on two strains of

rats compared to the effects of synthetic

estrogen and phytoestrogen (plant based). A

linear siloxane (HDMS) was also tested for

comparison to the cyclic D4.

Partial Results: D4 showed weak estrogenic

and antiestrogenic activity. D4 was

approximately 585,000 times less potent

than synthetic estrogen in Sprague-Dawley

(SD rats) and 3.8 million times less potent




than synthetic estrogen in Fisher 344 (F-

344) rats. D4 was about 46 times less potent

than the phytoestrogen coumestrol in SD

rats. Coumestrol is an isoflavonoid found in

many soy products, which has been shown

to have weak estrogenic activity. The linear

siloxane, HDMS, was also tested and

showed no estrogenic or antiestrogenic

activity.(22)

The design and protocols in this study were

scientifically complex, sophisticated and

rigorous. The study measured and

compared several dimensions and

endpoints, including the effects on the two

different strains of rats. The differences in

study results between these two rat strains

have made comparison of some studies

quite challenging.

Although the findings are quite lengthy,

there are two things we can take away from

this study: Linear siloxanes, such as

dimethicone and amodimethicone, are not

reprotoxic; while the cyclic siloxane D4 can

have a mild estrogenic effect, this effect is

quite minimal and 46 times less potent than

a naturally occurring plant phytoestrogen.

CONCLUSION

The above study illustrates well how

(Continued from page 26) toxicology science is advancing and

evolving a body of knowledge about the

effects of cosmetic ingredients, while the

Internet bloggers and websites keep

recycling fearful misinformation. All of the

references for this paper were found on the

Internet. Accurate information is available

for those who search for the truth. The

truth about cosmetic silicone ingredients is,

with the exception of some of the newest

entries on the playing field, silicones have

been rigorously reviewed and tested.

The latest research supports the conclusion

that the silicone ingredients we have looked

at are safe for humans, the pets in our care,

and the environment.

The latest research

supports the conclusion

that the silicone

ingredients we have

looked at are safe for

humans, the pets in our

care, and the

environment.



SILICONE REFERENCES & NOTES PART TWO SAFETY & ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS 1. Silicones: A Quest for Truth Part I, Barbara Bird, CMG, eGroomer Journal for Professional Pet Groomers, January/March 2013. http://www.scribd.com/doc/121993216/Pet-Grooming-eGroomer-Journal-for-Professional-Pet-Groomers-January-March-2013 2. European Commission, Health & Consumers, Cosing http://ec.europa.eu/consumers/cosmetics/cosing/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.simple 3. U.S. Food & Drug Administration, Veterinary & Animal, What We Regulate, http://www.fda.gov/AnimalVeterinary/ResourcesforYou/ucm268125.htm Animal Grooming Aids The animal counterpart of a cosmetic is commonly referred to as a "grooming aid." The Act defines a cosmetic as pertaining only to human use (21 U.S.C. 321(i)). Therefore, products intended for cleansing or promoting attractiveness of animals are not subject to FDA control. However, if such products are intended for any therapeutic purpose or if they are intended to affect the structure or function of the animal, they are subject to regulation as new animal drugs under the Act. 4. European Union Cosmetic Regulations, 1223/2009, EF Chemical Consulting, UK. http://www.efchemicalconsulting.co.uk/eu-cosmetic-regulations.html

ply 5. Animal Grooming Products Will No Longer Be Classified As Cosmetics in Canada (June 2011), Technology Sciences Group, Inc., http://www.tsgusa.com/tsgnews_canadaanimalgrooming.htm

6. General Requirements for Cosmetics Health Canada http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/cps-spc/cosmet-person/indust/require-exige/index-eng.php#scp 7. Health Canada, List of Prohibited and Restricted Cosmetic Ingredients (Hotlist) http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/cps-spc/cosmet-person/indust/hot-list-critique/index-eng.php

8. Cosmetic Safety is Ensured Worldwide, Personal Care Truth or Scare, October 22, 2010. http://personalcaretruth.com/2010/10/cosmetic-safety-is-ensured-worldwide/ 9. European Commission, Health & Consumers, Directive Annexes. http://ec.europa.eu/consumers/cosmetics/cosing/index.cfm?fuseaction=ref_data.annexes 10. European Commission, Directorate-General for Health & Consumers, Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS), Opinion on Cyclymethicone, Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (Cyclotetrasiloxane, D4) and Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (Cyclopentasiloxane, D5), adopted June 2010. http://ec.europa.eu/health/scientific_committees/consumer_safety/docs/sccs_o_029.pdf review of scientific studies when weak of heart or stomach! Creatures die and are cut up. Put on your scientist hat. 11. FDA Regulation Over Cosmetics, http://www.fda.gov/Cosmetics/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/ucm074162.htm 12. About the Cosmetic Ingredient Review/Procedures, Cosmetic Ingredient Review, http://www.cir-safety.org 13. CIR Quick Reference Table A summarized list of all findings. http://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/Quick%20reference%20table%20022013%20updates.pdf 14. Cosmetic ingredients found safe, with qualifications (1432 total, through June 2013) http://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/SQ-safewithqualifications062013.pdf

15. European Commission, Directorate-General for Health & Consumers, Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS), Opinion on Cyclymethicone, Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (Cyclotetrasiloxane, D4) and Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (Cyclopentasiloxane, D5), adopted June 2010. http://ec.europa.eu/health/scientific_committees/consumer_safety/docs/sccs_o_029.pdf The SCCS is of the opinion that cyclomethicone (D4, D5) does not pose a risk for human health when used in cosmetic products. Other uses were not considered in this risk assessment. It should be noted that D4 is classified as a reprotoxic substance, category 3 [ECB 2006]. The NOAEL for systemic toxicity (150 ppm) used for this risk assessment also covers reprotoxic effects (NOAEL = 300 ppm). The Commission Services should consider whether an environmental risk assessment associated with the use of cyclomethicone (D4/D5) in cosmetic products is required. 16. Degradability vs. Biodegradability, Dow Corning Corp. 1998 ref. no. 01-1127-01, http://www.dowcorning.com/content/publishedlit/01-1127.pdf 17. An Overview of Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) Fluids in the Environment, Dow Corning Chemical,1997, Ref. n 01-1034A-01. http://www.dowcorning.com/content/publishedlit/01-1034A-01.pdf 18. Environmental Fate and Effects of Silicones, Aquatain Ltd, 2009, http://www.green-flow.co.il 19. CES European Silicones Centre Cyclosiloxanes, Environmental Data http://www.cyclosiloxanes.eu/index.php?page=environmental-properties 20. 1, 4 Dioxane A Manufacturing Byproduct, FDA, July 3, 2007. http://www.fda.gov/Cosmetics/ProductandIngredientSafety/PotentialContaminants/ucm101566.htm 21. CIR Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Dimethicone Copolyol, Journal of the American College of Toxicology, Volume 1, Number 4, 1982 http://online.personalcarecouncil.org/ctfa-static/online/lists/cir-pdfs/pr228.pdf 22. Potential Estrogenic and Antiestrogenic Activity of the Cyclic Siloxane Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) and the Linear Siloxane Hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDS) in Immature Rats Using the Uterotrophic Assay, McKim, et al, Toxicol Sci September 1, 2001 vol. 63 no. 1 37-46 http://toxsci.oxfordjournals.org/content/63/1/37.full ADDITIONAL REFERENCES

Abstract: CIR Final report on the safety assessment of stearoxy dimethicone, dimethicone, methicone, amino bispropyl dimethicone, aminopropyl dimethicone, amodimethicone, amodimethicone hydroxystearate, behenoxy dimethicone, C24-28 alkyl methicone, C30-45 alkyl methicone, C30-45 alkyl dimethicone, cetearyl methicone, cetyl dimethicone, dimethoxysilyl ethylenediaminopropyl dimethicone, hexyl methicone, hydroxypropyldimethicone, stearamidopropyl dimethicone, stearyl dimethicone, stearyl methicone, and vinyldimethicone. International Journal of Toxicology, 2003; 22 Suppl 2:11-35.

Abstract at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14555417 Abstract: CIR Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Phenyl Trimethicone, International Journal of Toxicology September/October 1986 vol. 5 no. 5 353-371. Abstract at: http://ijt.sagepub.com/content/5/5/353.short CIR Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Dimethicone Crosspolymers As Used in Cosmetics. http://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/Dimeth092012rep.pdf Abstract: Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Cyclomethicone, International Journal of Toxicology, January/February 1991 vol. 10 no. 1 9-19 Cylcomethicone: Human Health Effects. National Library of Medicine HSDB Database, Toxnet, Toxicology Data Network.

http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/search/a?dbs+hsdb:@term+@DOCNO+7827 Silicone Environmental, Health and Safety Council of North America, Guidance for aerosol applications of silicone- based materials (2001).

http://www.sehsc.com/PDFs/Guidance%20for%20Aerosol%20Applications-Sep%2001.pdf
http://www.egroomer.com/http://www.petgroomer.com/http://www.scribd.com/doc/121993216/Pet-Grooming-eGroomer-Journal-for-Professional-Pet-Groomers-January-March-2013http://www.scribd.com/doc/121993216/Pet-Grooming-eGroomer-Journal-for-Professional-Pet-Groomers-January-March-2013http://ec.europa.eu/consumers/cosmetics/cosing/index.cfm?fuseaction=search.simplehttp://www.fda.gov/AnimalVeterinary/ResourcesforYou/ucm268125.htmhttp://www.efchemicalconsulting.co.uk/eu-cosmetic-regulations.htmlhttp://www.tsgusa.com/tsgnews_canadaanimalgrooming.htmhttp://www.tsgusa.com/tsgnews_canadaanimalgrooming.htmhttp://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/cps-spc/cosmet-person/indust/require-exige/index-eng.php#scphttp://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/cps-spc/cosmet-person/indust/hot-list-critique/index-eng.phphttp://personalcaretruth.com/2010/10/cosmetic-safety-is-ensured-worldwide/http://personalcaretruth.com/2010/10/cosmetic-safety-is-ensured-worldwide/http://ec.europa.eu/consumers/cosmetics/cosing/index.cfm?fuseaction=ref_data.annexeshttp://ec.europa.eu/health/scientific_committees/consumer_safety/docs/sccs_o_029.pdfhttp://www.fda.gov/Cosmetics/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/ucm074162.htmhttp://www.cir-safety.orghttp://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/Quick%20reference%20table%20022013%20updates.pdfhttp://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/SQ-safewithqualifications062013.pdfhttp://ec.europa.eu/health/scientific_committees/consumer_safety/docs/sccs_o_029.pdfhttp://www.dowcorning.com/content/publishedlit/01-1127.pdfhttp://www.dowcorning.com/content/publishedlit/01-1034A-01.pdfhttp://www.dowcorning.com/content/publishedlit/01-1034A-01.pdfhttp://www.green-flow.co.ilhttp://www.cyclosiloxanes.eu/index.php?page=environmental-propertieshttp://www.fda.gov/Cosmetics/ProductandIngredientSafety/PotentialContaminants/ucm101566.htmhttp://online.personalcarecouncil.org/ctfa-static/online/lists/cir-pdfs/pr228.pdfhttp://toxsci.oxfordjournals.org/content/63/1/37.fullhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14555417http://ijt.sagepub.com/content/5/5/353.shorthttp://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/Dimeth092012rep.pdfhttp://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/search/a?dbs+hsdb:@term+@DOCNO+7827http://www.sehsc.com/PDFs/Guidance%20for%20Aerosol%20Applications-Sep%2001.pdf



Thousands of owner/groomers want to

grow their businesses yet they anticipate

potential management problems. In the

process many make a big financial mistake

early on. They make their first hire a full-

charge groomer. It can be very costly yet

this is a largely unknown financial mistake.

In the October/December 2012 issue of

eGroomer Journal we learned that the

-only pets.

From a financial viewpoint the priority for

the first stage of expansion is not another

groomer, but establishing a professional

bathing department by hiring professional pet

bathers. But there is more to this story.

My Favorite Small Shop $etup

No Other Groomers

Extraordinary Profit Potential

Good Wages & Benefits More Possible

Easier Operations Management

Without More Work Hours

For most shop owners managing bathers is

easier than groomers who are often in

chronic shortage. Two professional pet

bathers and a part-time receptionist can

boost the net operating income of a

business by approximately $25,000 a year,

and far more quickly compared to hiring a

full-charge groomer. Welcome to the My

Favorite Small Shop Setup.

Some owners reach this benchmark and

stop growing their business. It is a simple,

comfortable operation with a big boost in

income for the owner, and better wages for

the pet bathers. Owners may pay the highest (Continued on page 31)



Description Avg Grooming Fee Daily Gross Annual Gross*

12 Complete Groom $40 $480 $124,800

12 Bath - only $28 $336 $67,600

SUBTOTAL GROSS SALES $816 $192,400

Less F/T Bather 1 Gross Wages - $104 - $27,040

Less F/T Bather 2 Gross Wages - $104 - $27,040

Less P/T Receptionist Gross Wages - $52 - $13,520

- $47 - $12,220

ADJUSTED GROSS SALES $509 $112,580

Description Avg Grooming Fee Daily Gross Annual Gross*

6 Complete Groom $40 $240 $67,600

1 Bath - only $28 $28 $ 7,280

$268 $74,880 TOTAL GROSS SALES

WORKING ALONE

8 Hour Workday, Avg 7 Pets Daily, Avg Complete Groom $40, Avg Bath - only $28

*Operates 5 Days/Week or 260 Days/Year

MY FAVORITE SMALL SHOP SETUP

8 Hour Workday, Avg 24 Pets Daily, Avg Complete Groom $40, Avg Bath - only $28

*Operates 5 Days/Week or 260 Days/Year - Owner/Groomer Does No Bathing

2 F/T Pet Bathers at $13.00/Hour and 1 P/T Receptionist at $13.00/Hour

GROSS SALES / NET OPERATING INCOME COMPARISON

Working Alone My Favorite Small Shop Setup

Gross Sales $74,880 Adj Gross Sales $112,580

Less 30% Overhead Exp - $22,464 Less 30% Overhead Exp - $33,774

Net Operating Income $52,416 Net Operating Income $78,806



bather wages in their area and thereby

attract the best employees available. High

profitability makes it possible for some

owners to pay benefits. plus hourly wages

for bathers ranging from $12.50 to $17.50

an hour. Too many hourly groomers earn

less! In the analysis on page 30 we compare

an owner working alone, and the same

owner growing the business up a notch with

a bathing department using the My Favorite

Small Shop Setup. It shows another perk for

the owner, a helpful receptionist. We train

receptionists to do record keeping, bank

deposits, incoming and outgoing phone

calls, appointment scheduling, appointment

confirmations, supply orders and more.

Groomers working alone must do it all by

themselves. Some owners using this setup

go home when the grooms are done and let

their receptionists close. Everything is in

order for the next business day when they

arrive. Nice!

The My Favorite Small Shop Setup never

hires another groomer, only bathers and

receptionists. Most owners find the tasks of

finding and keeping full-charge groomers

stressful. Certainly training one can take

months or years. In comparison bathers can

be trained to professional level far more

(Continued from page 29) quickly. Many career seekers leap at the

opportunity to fill these positions.

When working with professional bathers

groomers enjoy freedom from the rigors of

bathing, drying, nails, dematting, ear

cleaning etc. Professional bathers bun and

bow, scissor neaten feet, deshed and our

advanced bathers did Poodle feet and faces.

-

big sell for us between full grooms. Further,

the setup allows groomers to mostly

perform finish work only, and that boosts

income. One bather does the bathing for

the groomer and the second bather does the

-

only pets. If those bath-only pets were done

by a 50% to 60% hired groomer the owner

loses thousands of dollars needlessly every

year. It is a win-win for owners and bathers.

Study the illustration detail and learn how

the system boosts net operating income by

$26,000 a year without longer work hours

for the owner. There is no other more

simple, profitable staffed shop system in pet

grooming and it is backed by decades of

field proven experience from the creators

of Grooming Business in a Box. Further

growth warrants adding another groomer,

but only if the owner desires it. For many

this setup is the perfect long-term, easily

managed and highly-profitable solution.


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When I get a new client it comes to my

attention that they are accustomed to

getting their dogs back quickly. They are

confused about delivery and pick up times,

and many have complaints about where

they have been getting their dogs groomed.

There is nothing wrong with quick drop-off

and pickup throughout the day except it

interferes with the bottom line, THE

Yes, I said income. For over 25 years I ran a

grooming shop. In the beginning we were

only able to groom 18 to 20 dogs a day.

Once we started bringing the dogs in early

and letting them out starting at 1:30 PM, we

were able to groom almost twice as many

dogs per groomer.

Our new routine freed much time. It was

not assembly-line fast grooming, quite the

contrary. After we changed over we were

able to groom 30-35 with the same amount

of groomers.

I think it is important that all shops, no

matter how small, should have a bather. You

bathing and drying when a few dollars will

pay for a bather for three to four hours and

free up the professionals time to prep and

finish grooms. You can pay the bather

$40.00 dollars and the groomer will bring in

approximately $160.00 in that four hour

time period. With our system of grooming,

a groomer can groom at least four dogs in

that amount of time.

Some like to bathe first, some prep first, but

as for the quality of the haircut and being

able to groom more dogs, prepping first is

the way to go. Getting the excess hair off

the dog and getting the mats out result in

less time in the tub as well as shorter drying

time. Then, the finish time is next to

nothing.

Cost upfront is a one-time fee for a new set

of blades and scissors, but it will save you

also allows you to take more dogs a day. I

have a set of dirty dog blades and scissors

and of clean dog blades and scissors. Once

my blades are old or scissors been dropped


Training Your Clients By Kathy Sanders, NCMG



even if you are the only groomer working in

your shop. You will never get any faster if

you are the only groomer and you groom

one-on-one, one dog at a time.

firm) as a consultant to help a small one

room groomer improve her speed. I

changed her over to taking the dogs in by 9

a.m. and she went up 30% on quantity

immediately. Then when she hired a bather

for 2 hours a day it went up again by 40%.

She is now simply doing clipper, ears,

toenails, brush. When all are prepped, she

simply takes down the body again and

-2-

3.

It is imperative to motivate yourself to talk

to your customers. You can make them

happy by letting them know that business is

improving, and in trying to accommodate

out times a day. They can either book out a

couple of days or take a later out time like 3

p.m.

Two local shops recently closed their doors.

I am getting some of their clients. I can tell

immediately when talking to the new client

that they are not only used to 2 hour (Continued on page 37)

they are changed over to dirty dog tools.

LOL

I understand that some groomers would

totally disagree with my method, not to

mention that many clients would have a fit

but they want it now.

Now that I have explained why we want

to train our customers,

about training the customer.

I have never lost a client who wanted his or

her dog back immediately by simply telling

them that they can drop off at 9 a.m. (my

latest drop off time) and pick up at 1:30

p.m. (my earliest pick up time). Next I tell

simply charge $5.00 more and they either

agree to 1:30 p.m. or pay extra. This is

simply one of our shop rules and otherwise

we risk slowing down our groomers when

or if rules are not followed.

For years I have taught my students at

Groomadog Academy to have shop rules in

writing. They should have both rules for the

reception area, shop rules, and rules for the

staff. It is essential to adhere to these rules

(Continued from page 35)



turnaround, but they are also used to some

less than structured grooming ideas. I teach

a system for grooming dogs that is 1-2-3.

My students graduate from Groomadog

Academy quality-minded as well as

productivity-minded. Being consistent in

the way you groom and having rules and

regulations that everyone has to adhere to

shows structure and professionalism.

My clients love that they can always count

on my timing because it is always the same.

We are able to take walk-ins, work-ins and

take the time to eat lunch and have a

structured stress free day. We have rules.

My groomers can groom 10 dogs a day and

feel very comfortable (more on holidays). I

train each client that if they want to get an

appointment for holidays to book them in

advance. No surprises for my clients, they

know the rules.

At first clients may balk but when they

realize that they can count on being a 4, 6 or

8 week customer, they know what time to

deliver, what to expect and the quality of

work is always consistent because our

groomers are not stressed.

(Continued from page 36) Some Things To Train Your Customers

Make your rules and stick to them in a very

companionate way.

Put your drop off times in the newspaper

ads, early outs available.

Keep your shop clean so people will fall in

love with your professionalism and want

to come to your shop.

Request that clients make 4, 6 or 8 week

appointments. Convince them their dogs

need at least the toe nails, ears and baths

if nothing else. It is healthy for the

clients and the dogs. Some will not do it

but at least you should try. Tell clients

you have reminder calls the day before if

Have a 48 hour cancelation notice.

Have a late fee posted.

These are just a few of our rules and we

have a better shop for it!

Kathy Sanders is the founder of one of the

East Coast's largest residence dog grooming

schools. She also hired a professional

production company to produce Groomadog

videos for her distance learning school

Groomadog Academy, a state licensed

correspondence course. Kathy is a National

Certified Master Groomer and owns

firm for dog groomers. With 30 years

experience, not only owning several

professional dog grooming shops but also owning and operating three dog

grooming schools. See www.groomadog.com for more information.
http://www.egroomer.com/http://www.petgroomer.com/http://www.groomadog.com/


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egroomer journal for professional pet groomers july/september 2013

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